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Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:39-50. [PMID: 38061371 PMCID: PMC7615591 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce progression of chronic kidney disease and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a wide range of patients. However, their effects on kidney disease progression in some patients with chronic kidney disease are unclear because few clinical kidney outcomes occurred among such patients in the completed trials. In particular, some guidelines stratify their level of recommendation about who should be treated with SGLT2 inhibitors based on diabetes status and albuminuria. We aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease both overall and among specific types of participants in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA), and included individuals aged 18 years or older with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or with an eGFR of 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher. We explored the effects of 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily versus placebo on the annualised rate of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR slope), a tertiary outcome. We studied the acute slope (from randomisation to 2 months) and chronic slope (from 2 months onwards) separately, using shared parameter models to estimate the latter. Analyses were done in all randomly assigned participants by intention to treat. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and then followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroups of eGFR included 2282 (34·5%) participants with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1·73 m2, 2928 (44·3%) with an eGFR of 30 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, and 1399 (21·2%) with an eGFR 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or higher. Prespecified subgroups of uACR included 1328 (20·1%) with a uACR of less than 30 mg/g, 1864 (28·2%) with a uACR of 30 to 300 mg/g, and 3417 (51·7%) with a uACR of more than 300 mg/g. Overall, allocation to empagliflozin caused an acute 2·12 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (95% CI 1·83-2·41) reduction in eGFR, equivalent to a 6% (5-6) dip in the first 2 months. After this, it halved the chronic slope from -2·75 to -1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (relative difference 50%, 95% CI 42-58). The absolute and relative benefits of empagliflozin on the magnitude of the chronic slope varied significantly depending on diabetes status and baseline levels of eGFR and uACR. In particular, the absolute difference in chronic slopes was lower in patients with lower baseline uACR, but because this group progressed more slowly than those with higher uACR, this translated to a larger relative difference in chronic slopes in this group (86% [36-136] reduction in the chronic slope among those with baseline uACR <30 mg/g compared with a 29% [19-38] reduction for those with baseline uACR ≥2000 mg/g; ptrend<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Empagliflozin slowed the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease among all types of participant in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial, including those with little albuminuria. Albuminuria alone should not be used to determine whether to treat with an SGLT2 inhibitor. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly.
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Yamada N, Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:51-60. [PMID: 38061372 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher at screening. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily or matching placebo. Effects on kidney disease progression (defined as a sustained ≥40% eGFR decline from randomisation, end-stage kidney disease, a sustained eGFR below 10 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or death from kidney failure) were assessed using prespecified Cox models, and eGFR slope analyses used shared parameter models. Subgroup comparisons were performed by including relevant interaction terms in models. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroupings by primary kidney disease included 2057 (31·1%) participants with diabetic kidney disease, 1669 (25·3%) with glomerular disease, 1445 (21·9%) with hypertensive or renovascular disease, and 1438 (21·8%) with other or unknown causes. Kidney disease progression occurred in 384 (11·6%) of 3304 patients in the empagliflozin group and 504 (15·2%) of 3305 patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·71 [95% CI 0·62-0·81]), with no evidence that the relative effect size varied significantly by primary kidney disease (pheterogeneity=0·62). The between-group difference in chronic eGFR slopes (ie, from 2 months to final follow-up) was 1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (95% CI 1·16-1·59), representing a 50% (42-58) reduction in the rate of chronic eGFR decline. This relative effect of empagliflozin on chronic eGFR slope was similar in analyses by different primary kidney diseases, including in explorations by type of glomerular disease and diabetes (p values for heterogeneity all >0·1). INTERPRETATION In a broad range of patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression, including a wide range of non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease, empagliflozin reduced risk of kidney disease progression. Relative effect sizes were broadly similar irrespective of the cause of primary kidney disease, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors should be part of a standard of care to minimise risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and UK Medical Research Council.
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Rosenbusch M, Ascher P, Atanasov D, Barbieri C, Beck D, Blaum K, Borgmann C, Breitenfeldt M, Cakirli RB, Cipollone A, George S, Herfurth F, Kowalska M, Kreim S, Lunney D, Manea V, Navrátil P, Neidherr D, Schweikhard L, Somà V, Stanja J, Wienholtz F, Wolf RN, Zuber K. Probing the N=32 Shell Closure below the Magic Proton Number Z=20: Mass Measurements of the Exotic Isotopes ^{52,53}K. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:202501. [PMID: 26047224 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.202501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The recently confirmed neutron-shell closure at N=32 has been investigated for the first time below the magic proton number Z=20 with mass measurements of the exotic isotopes (52,53)K, the latter being the shortest-lived nuclide investigated at the online mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP. The resulting two-neutron separation energies reveal a 3 MeV shell gap at N=32, slightly lower than for 52Ca, highlighting the doubly magic nature of this nuclide. Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and ab initio Gorkov-Green function calculations are challenged by the new measurements but reproduce qualitatively the observed shell effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rosenbusch
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - P Ascher
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Atanasov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Barbieri
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - D Beck
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - K Blaum
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ch Borgmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Breitenfeldt
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200d, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - R B Cakirli
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Istanbul, 34134 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Cipollone
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - S George
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Herfurth
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - S Kreim
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
- CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - D Lunney
- CSNSM-IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Manea
- CSNSM-IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Navrátil
- TRIUMF, 4004 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - D Neidherr
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - L Schweikhard
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - V Somà
- CEA-Saclay, IRFU/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Stanja
- Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - F Wienholtz
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - R N Wolf
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Zuber
- Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Fabian X, Ban G, Boussaïd R, Breitenfeldt M, Couratin C, Delahaye P, Durand D, Finlay P, Fléchard X, Guillon B, Lemière Y, Leredde A, Liénard E, Méry A, Naviliat-Cuncic O, Pierre E, Porobic T, Quéméner G, Rodríguez D, Severijns N, Thomas J, Van Gorp S. Precise measurement of the angular correlation parameter aβνin the βdecay of 35Ar with LPCTrap. EPJ Web of Conferences 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146608002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wienholtz F, Beck D, Blaum K, Borgmann C, Breitenfeldt M, Cakirli RB, George S, Herfurth F, Holt JD, Kowalska M, Kreim S, Lunney D, Manea V, Menéndez J, Neidherr D, Rosenbusch M, Schweikhard L, Schwenk A, Simonis J, Stanja J, Wolf RN, Zuber K. Erratum: Masses of exotic calcium isotopes pin down nuclear forces. Nature 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/nature12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Wolf RN, Beck D, Blaum K, Böhm C, Borgmann C, Breitenfeldt M, Chamel N, Goriely S, Herfurth F, Kowalska M, Kreim S, Lunney D, Manea V, Minaya Ramirez E, Naimi S, Neidherr D, Rosenbusch M, Schweikhard L, Stanja J, Wienholtz F, Zuber K. Plumbing neutron stars to new depths with the binding energy of the exotic nuclide 82Zn. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:041101. [PMID: 25166148 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.041101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Modeling the composition of neutron-star crusts depends strongly on binding energies of neutron-rich nuclides near the N = 50 and N = 82 shell closures. Using a recent development of time-of-flight mass spectrometry for on-line purification of radioactive ion beams to access more exotic species, we have determined for the first time the mass of (82)Zn with the ISOLTRAP setup at the ISOLDE-CERN facility. With a robust neutron-star model based on nuclear energy-density-functional theory, we solve the general relativistic Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations and calculate the neutron-star crust composition based on the new experimental mass. The composition profile is not only altered but now constrained by experimental data deeper into the crust than before.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Wolf
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - D Beck
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - K Blaum
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ch Böhm
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ch Borgmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Breitenfeldt
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200d, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - N Chamel
- Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique, CP-226, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Goriely
- Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique, CP-226, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Herfurth
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - S Kreim
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany and CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - D Lunney
- CSNSM-IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Manea
- CSNSM-IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - E Minaya Ramirez
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany and Helmholtz-Institut Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Naimi
- CSNSM-IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France and RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-based Science, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - D Neidherr
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany and Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Rosenbusch
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - L Schweikhard
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J Stanja
- Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - F Wienholtz
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - K Zuber
- Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Fink D, Barea J, Beck D, Blaum K, Böhm C, Borgmann C, Breitenfeldt M, Herfurth F, Herlert A, Kotila J, Kowalska M, Kreim S, Lunney D, Naimi S, Rosenbusch M, Schwarz S, Schweikhard L, Simkovic F, Stanja J, Zuber K. Q value and half-lives for the double-β-decay nuclide 110Pd. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:062502. [PMID: 22401059 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.062502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The 110Pd double-β decay Q value was measured with the Penning-trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP to be Q=2017.85(64) keV. This value shifted by 14 keV compared with the literature value and is 17 times more precise, resulting in new phase-space factors for the two-neutrino and neutrinoless decay modes. In addition a new set of the relevant matrix elements has been calculated. The expected half-life of the two-neutrino mode was reevaluated as 1.5(6)×10(20) yr. With its high natural abundance, the new results reveal 110Pd to be an excellent candidate for double-β decay studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fink
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany
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8
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Naimi S, Audi G, Beck D, Blaum K, Böhm C, Borgmann C, Breitenfeldt M, George S, Herfurth F, Herlert A, Kowalska M, Kreim S, Lunney D, Neidherr D, Rosenbusch M, Schwarz S, Schweikhard L, Zuber K. Critical-point boundary for the nuclear quantum phase transition near A=100 from mass measurements of (96,97)Kr. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:032502. [PMID: 20867760 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.032502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Mass measurements of (96,97)Kr using the ISOLTRAP Penning-trap spectrometer at CERN-ISOLDE are reported, extending the mass surface beyond N=60 for Z=36. These new results show behavior in sharp contrast to the heavier neighbors where a sudden and intense deformation is present. We interpret this as the establishment of a nuclear quantum phase transition critical-point boundary. The new masses confirm findings from nuclear mean-square charge-radius measurements up to N=60 but are at variance with conclusions from recent gamma-ray spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Naimi
- CSNSM-IN2P3-CNRS, Université de Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
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9
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Neidherr D, Audi G, Beck D, Blaum K, Böhm C, Breitenfeldt M, Cakirli RB, Casten RF, George S, Herfurth F, Herlert A, Kellerbauer A, Kowalska M, Lunney D, Minaya-Ramirez E, Naimi S, Noah E, Penescu L, Rosenbusch M, Schwarz S, Schweikhard L, Stora T. Discovery of 229Rn and the structure of the heaviest Rn and Ra isotopes from Penning-trap mass measurements. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:112501. [PMID: 19392194 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.112501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The masses of the neutron-rich radon isotopes {223-229}Rn have been determined for the first time, using the ISOLTRAP setup at CERN ISOLDE. In addition, this experiment marks the first discovery of a new nuclide, 229Rn, by Penning-trap mass measurement. The new, high-accuracy data allow a fine examination of the mass surface, via the valence-nucleon interaction deltaV{pn}. The results reveal intriguing behavior, possibly reflecting either a N=134 subshell closure or an octupolar deformation in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Neidherr
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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10
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George S, Baruah S, Blank B, Blaum K, Breitenfeldt M, Hager U, Herfurth F, Herlert A, Kellerbauer A, Kluge HJ, Kretzschmar M, Lunney D, Savreux R, Schwarz S, Schweikhard L, Yazidjian C. Ramsey method of separated oscillatory fields for high-precision penning trap mass spectrometry. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:162501. [PMID: 17501414 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.162501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2006] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Ramsey's method of separated oscillatory fields is applied to the excitation of the cyclotron motion of short-lived ions in a Penning trap to improve the precision of their measured mass values. The theoretical description of the extracted ion-cyclotron-resonance line shape is derived and its correctness demonstrated experimentally by measuring the mass of the short-lived 38Ca nuclide with an uncertainty of 1.1 x 10(-8) using the Penning trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP at CERN. The mass of the superallowed beta emitter 38Ca contributes for testing the theoretical corrections of the conserved-vector-current hypothesis of the electroweak interaction. It is shown that the Ramsey method applied to Penning trap mass measurements yields a statistical uncertainty similar to that obtained by the conventional technique but 10 times faster. Thus the technique is a new powerful tool for high-precision mass measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S George
- GSI, Planckstrasse 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany.
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