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Mercado M, Hart R, Acuna S, Miller S, Sevick L, Baxter N, Burnstein M, Montbrun SD, Rotstein O, Tang G, Varatheswaran W, Brezden-Masley C. 2076 Evaluating carcinoembryonic antigen as a predictor and surveillance marker for colorectal cancer recurrence. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)30999-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Adamina M, Ross T, Guenin MO, Warschkow R, Rodger C, Cohen Z, Burnstein M. Anal fistula plug: a prospective evaluation of success, continence and quality of life in the treatment of complex fistulae. Colorectal Dis 2014; 16:547-54. [PMID: 24521307 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Curing complex anal fistula without compromising continence can be extremely challenging. This study investigated the healing rate, continence and quality of life of patients after treatment of complex anal fistula of cryptoglandular origin with a bioprosthetic plug. METHOD Consecutive patients were prospectively followed in four referral centres. Following seton conditioning, a bioprosthetic plug was inserted into the fistula and sutured to the anal sphincter. Clinical evaluation was performed at 10 days, 6 weeks and 6 months after surgery, and was completed by telephone interviews. Anal continence and quality of life were evaluated using the Fecal Incontinence Score Index and the Short Form-36 Health Survey, version 2 (SF-36 v2) questionnaire. RESULTS Forty-six patients presenting with a complex anal fistula and a median of three previous fistula surgeries were included. The 6-month recurrence rate was 30.7% (95% CI: 15.9-42.8%), increasing to 48.0% (95% CI: 30.6-61.1%) after 2 years. Follow up was continued for a median of 68.1 months, and 26 (56.5%) recurrences were identified. Anal continence improved from a median of 19 points to 12 points at 6 months of follow up (P = 0.008). Quality of life markedly improved in all scales. The physical summary score increased from 47.2 to 56.2 (P < 0.001), and the mental summary score increased from 48.5 to 55.3 (P = 0.013). CONCLUSION The bioprosthetic fistula plug demonstrated a healing rate close to 50% in complex cryptoglandular fistula. Also, it markedly improved anal continence and quality of life. These data support the use of a bioprosthetic plug as first-line therapy for complex fistula instead of more aggressive and potentially debilitating surgical options.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Adamina
- Department of Surgery, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; Department of Surgery, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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McLeod RS, Geerts WH, Sniderman KW, Greenwood C, Gregoire RC, Taylor BM, Silverman RE, Atkinson KG, Burnstein M, Marshall JC, Burul CJ, Anderson DR, Ross T, Wilson SR, Barton P. Subcutaneous heparin versus low-molecular-weight heparin as thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing colorectal surgery: results of the canadian colorectal DVT prophylaxis trial: a randomized, double-blind trial. Ann Surg 2001; 233:438-44. [PMID: 11224634 PMCID: PMC1421263 DOI: 10.1097/00000658-200103000-00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness and safety of low-dose unfractionated heparin and a low-molecular-weight heparin as prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after colorectal surgery. METHODS In a multicenter, double-blind trial, patients undergoing resection of part or all of the colon or rectum were randomized to receive, by subcutaneous injection, either calcium heparin 5,000 units every 8 hours or enoxaparin 40 mg once daily (plus two additional saline injections). Deep vein thrombosis was assessed by routine bilateral contrast venography performed between postoperative day 5 and 9, or earlier if clinically suspected. RESULTS Nine hundred thirty-six randomized patients completed the protocol and had an adequate outcome assessment. The venous thromboembolism rates were the same in both groups. There were no deaths from pulmonary embolism or bleeding complications. Although the proportion of all bleeding events in the enoxaparin group was significantly greater than in the low-dose heparin group, the rates of major bleeding and reoperation for bleeding were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS Both heparin 5,000 units subcutaneously every 8 hours and enoxaparin 40 mg subcutaneously once daily provide highly effective and safe prophylaxis for patients undergoing colorectal surgery. However, given the current differences in cost, prophylaxis with low-dose heparin remains the preferred method at present.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S McLeod
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Oliver G, Lowry A, Vernava A, Hicks T, Burnstein M, Denstman F, Fazio V, Kerner B, Moore R, Peters W, Ross T, Senatore P, Simmang C, Wexner S, Wong WD. Practice parameters for antibiotic prophylaxis--supporting documentation. The Standards Task Force. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. Dis Colon Rectum 2000; 43:1194-200. [PMID: 11005482 DOI: 10.1007/bf02237420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Richard CS, Gregoire R, Plewes EA, Silverman R, Burul C, Buie D, Reznick R, Ross T, Burnstein M, O'Connor BI, Mukraj D, McLeod RS. Internal sphincterotomy is superior to topical nitroglycerin in the treatment of chronic anal fissure: results of a randomized, controlled trial by the Canadian Colorectal Surgical Trials Group. Dis Colon Rectum 2000; 43:1048-57; discussion 1057-8. [PMID: 10950002 DOI: 10.1007/bf02236548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This was a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial to compare the effectiveness of topical nitroglycerin with internal sphincterotomy in the treatment of chronic anal fissure. METHODS Patients with symptomatic chronic anal fissures were randomly assigned to 0.25 percent nitroglycerin tid or internal sphincterotomy. Both groups received stool softeners and fiber supplements and were assessed at six weeks and six months. RESULTS Ninety patients were accrued, but 8 were excluded from the analysis because they refused internal sphincterotomy after randomization (6), the fissure healed before surgery (1), or a fissure was not observed at surgery (1). There were 38 patients in the internal sphincterotomy group (22 males; mean age, 40.3 years) and 44 patients in the nitroglycerin group (15 males; mean age, 38.7 years). At six weeks 34 patients (89.5 percent) in the internal sphincterotomy group compared with 13 patients (29.5 percent) in the nitroglycerin group had complete healing of the fissure (P = 5x10(-8)). Five of the 13 patients in the nitroglycerin group relapsed, whereas none in the internal sphincterotomy group did. At six months fissures in 35 (92.1 percent) patients in the internal sphincterotomy group compared with 12 (27.2 percent) patients in the nitroglycerin group had healed (P = 3x10(-9)). One (2.6 percent) patient in the internal sphincterotomy group required further surgery for a superficial fistula compared with 20 (45.4 percent) patients in the nitroglycerin group who required an internal sphincterotomy (P = 9x10(-6)). Eleven (28.9 percent) patients in the internal sphincterotomy group developed side effects compared with 37 (84 percent) patients in the nitroglycerin group (P<0.0001). Nine (20.5 percent) patients discontinued the nitroglycerin because of headaches (8) or a severe syncopal attack (1). CONCLUSIONS Internal sphincterotomy is superior to topical nitroglycerin 0.25 percent in the treatment of chronic anal fissure, with a high rate of healing, few side effects, and low risk of early incontinence. Thus, internal sphincterotomy remains the treatment of choice for chronic anal fissure.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Richard
- Department of Surgery, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Wong WD, Wexner SD, Lowry A, Vernava A, Burnstein M, Denstman F, Fazio V, Kerner B, Moore R, Oliver G, Peters W, Ross T, Senatore P, Simmang C. Practice parameters for the treatment of sigmoid diverticulitis--supporting documentation. The Standards Task Force. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. Dis Colon Rectum 2000; 43:290-7. [PMID: 10733108 DOI: 10.1007/bf02258291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It should be recognized that these guidelines should not be deemed inclusive of all proper methods of care or exclusive of methods of care reasonably directed to obtaining the same results. The ultimate judgment regarding the propriety of any specific procedure must be made by the physician in light of all of the circumstances presented by the individual patient.
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Simmang CL, Senatore P, Lowry A, Hicks T, Burnstein M, Dentsman F, Fazio V, Glennon E, Hyman N, Kerner B, Kilkenny J, Moore R, Peters W, Ross T, Savoca P, Vernava A, Wong WD. Practice parameters for detection of colorectal neoplasms. The Standards Committee, The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. Dis Colon Rectum 1999; 42:1123-9. [PMID: 10496550 DOI: 10.1007/bf02238562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Wexner SD, Rosen L, Lowry A, Roberts PL, Burnstein M, Hicks T, Kerner B, Oliver GC, Robertson HD, Robertson WG, Ross TM, Senatore PJ, Simmang C, Smith C, Vernava AM, Wong WD. Practice parameters for the treatment of mucosal ulcerative colitis--supporting documentation. The Standards Practice Task Force. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. Dis Colon Rectum 1997; 40:1277-85. [PMID: 9369100 DOI: 10.1007/bf02050809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The major goal of certification is to assure the public that the candidate is competent in all facets required of the position. The patient assessment and management examination (PAME) was developed to enable a more comprehensive assessment of competence in the practice of surgery. METHODS A six-station, 3-hour, standardized-patient-based evaluation was developed. Each station was scored using a set of five-point global rating scales. PAME results were compared to the last two in training evaluation reports (ITER), the clinical knowledge component of the ITER (ITER-CK), an in-house oral examination (OE), and the Canadian Association of General Surgeons' multiple-choice examination (CAGS). RESULTS Eighteen senior general surgery residents were evaluated. Overall reliability was 0.70 (Cronbach's alpha). Fifth-year residents scored significantly better than fourth-year residents (t = 3.062; p = 0.0074), with 1 year of training accounting for 37% of the variance in scores. Correlations between the PAME and each of the other measures were ITER, 0.24; ITER-CK, 0.38; OE, -0.13; and CAGS, 0.061, with the PAME demonstrating better reliability and stronger evidence of validity than any other. CONCLUSIONS The PAME had better psychometric properties than other measures and assessed areas often not evaluated. This type of evaluation may be useful for feedback, remediation, or certification decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M MacRae
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Hackam DJ, Zalev A, Burnstein M, Rotstein OD, Koo J. Enteric duplication in the adult, derived from the foregut, midgut and hindgut: presentation, patterns and literature review. Can J Surg 1997; 40:129-33. [PMID: 9126127 PMCID: PMC3952975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Duplication of the alimentary tract may affect patients of all ages. Although they are relatively rare, the importance of these congenital lesions lies in the fact that they readily mimic other surgical disease processes and may result in significant morbidity if left untreated. Prompt recognition and treatment using combined radiologic and surgical management are generally associated with an excellent outcome. Three patients who presented with intestinal duplication arising from each of the major embryologic origins are reported. Their clinical histories reveal the spectrum of presentation associated with these lesions and provide a framework for a discussion of current management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Hackam
- Division of General Surgery, Toronto Hospital, Ont
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Burnstein M. Managing anorectal emergencies. Can Fam Physician 1993; 39:1782-5. [PMID: 8374365 PMCID: PMC2379809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Patients with anorectal emergencies frequently present to their family physicians or to their local emergency department. In most cases, they can be successfully treated as outpatients. The principles of diagnosis and management of common anorectal emergencies are reviewed.
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Cohen Z, Silverman RE, Wassef R, Levy GA, Burnstein M, Cullen J, Makowka L, Langer B, Greenberg GR. Small intestinal transplantation using cyclosporine. Report of a case. Transplantation 1986; 42:613-21. [PMID: 3787703 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-198612000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A case of small intestinal allotransplantation is described. Cyclosporine and Solumedrol were used for immunosuppression. A hemolytic episode occurred, caused by anti-A antibodies derived from graft lymphocytes. Sudden severe encephalopathy developed on the ninth postoperative day, followed by intractable hypotension and death. Hepatic and splenic microinfarcts were identified on postmortem examination. Allograft rejection was identified by serial stomal biopsies and correlated with a rise in monocyte procoagulant activity, a potentially useful serologic marker of rejection. The absence of an anatomic circuit for recycling of cyclosporine did not alter serum radioimmunoassay/high-performance liquid chromatography ratios.
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Burnstein M, Salter D, Cardella C, Himal HS. Necrotizing pancreatitis in renal transplant patients. Can J Surg 1982; 25:547-9, 563. [PMID: 6180818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute necrotizing pancreatitis developed in 5 of 405 patients who underwent renal transplantation. All five patients were taking immunosuppressive medication (azathioprine and steroids). Three patients also received rabbit antithymus serum. Alcohol ingestion or cholelithiasis did not play any causative role in the pancreatitis, which began between 7 days and 13 months after renal transplantation. The delay from the time of admission for pancreatitis to surgical exploration was a mean of 17 days. Operative findings included pancreatic necrosis, hemorrhage and abscess formation. All five patients died of the complications of necrotizing pancreatitis--persistent sepsis, respiratory and renal failure, upper gastrointestinal bleeding and disseminated intravascular coagulation. This review demonstrates that prolonged conservative therapy in renal transplant patients with necrotizing pancreatitis is associated with high mortality. The authors believe that earlier surgical intervention will lead to increased survival.
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