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Vidová Uğurbaş M, Ogurčáková D, Haus M, Boroňová I, Čuchráč L, Vašková J. Effect of Annona muricata aqueous leaf extract on reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:6497-6504. [PMID: 36196736 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202209_29748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Annona muricata extracts are used in traditional medicine due to their significant biological effects. Verification and elucidation of their mechanisms is beneficial in terms of the usefulness of these extracts in everyday life or in the context of disease treatment or prevention. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effectiveness of the extract was assessed from dried A. muricata leaves available for direct consumption. It is targeted against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species such as superoxide (O2•-), hydroxyl (•OH), nitric oxide (NO) radicals, and peroxynitrite anion (ONO2-) at concentrations of 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 μg.ml-1. RESULTS No significant inhibitory activity was measured against O2·- at the assessed concentrations of the extract. Conversely, substantial antioxidant properties were found towards ·OH. Moreover, very efficient uptake was recorded at low concentrations of the extract, 5 μg.ml-1 (53.91%) and 10 μg.ml-1 (45.3%). The antioxidant effect decreased with increasing concentration. By indirect determination of NO oxidation derivatives it was found that, as the extract concentration increased, the nitrite concentration decreased. In contrast, even at low concentrations, the extract causes an increase in the peroxynitrite concentration. CONCLUSIONS The results themselves show that the effects of A. muricata leaf extract are mainly mediated by the activity against •OH, as well as the consequences of increased ONO2- formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vidová Uğurbaş
- Second Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic.
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Raal F, Schamroth C, Blom D, Marx J, Rajput M, Haus M, Hussain R, Cassim F, Nortjé M, Vandehoven G, Temmerman AM. CEPHEUS SA: a South African survey on the undertreatment of hypercholesterolaemia. Cardiovasc J Afr 2011; 22:234-40. [PMID: 21922121 PMCID: PMC3721857 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2011-044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of the CEntralised Pan-South African survey on tHE Under-treatment of hypercholeSterolaemia (CEPHEUS SA) was to evaluate the current use and efficacy of lipidlowering drugs (LLDs), and to identify possible patient and physician characteristics associated with failure, if any, to achieve low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets. METHODS The survey was conducted in 69 study centres in South Africa and recruited consecutive consenting patients who had been prescribed LLDs for at least three months. One visit was scheduled for data collection, including fasting plasma lipid and glucose levels. Physicians and patients completed questionnaires regarding their knowledge, awareness and perceptions of hypercholesterolaemia and the treatment thereof. RESULTS Of the 3 001 patients recruited, 2 996 were included in the final analyses. The mean age was 59.4 years, and 47.5% were female. Only 60.5 and 52.3% of patients on LLDs for at least three months achieved the LDL-C target recommended by the NCEP ATP III/2004 updated NCEP ATP III and the Fourth JETF/South African guidelines, respectively. Being male, older than 40 years, falling into the lower-risk categories, compliance with the medication regimen, and patient knowledge that the LDL-C goal had been reached, were associated with the highest probability of attaining LDL-C goals. CONCLUSION The results of this survey highlight the sub-optimal lipid control achieved in many South African patients taking lipid-lowering therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Raal
- Department of Medicine, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Asher I, Boner A, Chuchalin A, Custovic A, Dagli E, Haus M, Hemmo-Lotem M, Holgate ST, Holt PG, Høst A, Iikura I, Johansson SG, Kowalski ML, Naspitz CK, Odhiambo J, Vichyanond P, Volovitz B, Wahn U, Warner JO, Weiss K, Zhong NS. Prevention of allergy and asthma: interim report. Allergy 2000; 55:1069-88. [PMID: 11097319 DOI: 10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00001-3.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I Asher
- Management of Noncommunicable Diseases Department, Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Arthritis
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Nurse B, Puterman AS, Haus M, Berman D, Weinberg EG, Potter PC. PBMCs from both atopic asthmatic and nonatopic children show a TH2 cytokine response to house dust mite allergen. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 106:84-91. [PMID: 10887310 DOI: 10.1067/mai.2000.107397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypothesis that in atopic diseases the T-helper response is skewed toward a T(H)2-type cytokine response was based on studies with mitogen stimulation, T-cell clones, or both. OBJECTIVE Using primary cultures, we investigated (1) whether atopic asthmatic patients have a T(H)2 response and nonatopic subjects have a T(H)1 response to allergen and (2) whether atopic patients have a decreased ability to mount T(H)1 immune responses to mycobacterial antigens. METHODS The responses of PBMCs to allergen (house dust mite [HDM]) or purified protein derivative of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (PPD) stimulation from 10 severely and 14 moderately asthmatic patients (all allergic to HDM) were compared with those of 17 nonatopic healthy black (Xhosa) children. RESULTS HDM-stimulated proliferation, IL-5 release, and the IL-5/IFN-gamma ratio were significantly increased in subjects with atopic asthma, whereas IFN-gamma release was not significantly different. IL-4 levels were below the level of detection. PPD-stimulated proliferation, IL-5 release, IFN-gamma release, and the IL-5/IFN-gamma ratio were not significantly different among the groups. Each group had a significantly higher IL-5/IFN-gamma ratio in response to HDM than to PPD (a T(H)1 stimulus). CONCLUSION Our study, which used primary cultures to investigate the hypothesis that nonatopic subjects have a T(H)1 response to allergens, indicates that HDM stimulates a T(H)2 cytokine response in both atopic and nonatopic subjects but that the response is enhanced in atopic patients. Our results with PPD suggest that normal and atopic asthmatic subjects can have a T(H)1 cytokine response to mycobacteria, but there is a subgroup of atopic subjects that have a T(H)2 response.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nurse
- Allergology Unit, Department of Immunology, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, South Africa
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Haus M. Serious consequences to misuse of propofol anaesthetic. S Afr Med J 2000; 90:328. [PMID: 10957912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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Nurse B, Haus M, Puterman AS, Weinberg EG, Potter PC. Reduced interferon-gamma but normal IL-4 and IL-5 release by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Xhosa children with atopic asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997; 100:662-8. [PMID: 9389297 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-6749(97)70171-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic asthma is increasing in black South Africans, a cohort with inherently high basal IgE levels. Atopy has been linked to an excess of the T helper 2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-5 relative to the T helper 1 cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma); however, most studies have utilized T cell clones. Studies on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) have shown decreased IFN-gamma release in patients with atopic dermatitis. It is uncertain whether this finding extends to atopic asthma. OBJECTIVES To characterize cytokine release by mitogen-activated PBMC from Xhosa children and to investigate whether reduced IFN-gamma release is a feature of atopic asthma and whether there is a relationship between cytokine profiles and asthma severity. METHODS Cytokine release and proliferation of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated PBMC from 10 patients with severe asthma and 14 patients with moderate asthma (highly allergic to house dust mites) and 17 healthy controls was assessed. Total serum, allergen-specific, and Ascaris-specific IgE was measured. RESULTS Proliferation did not differ between the groups. The release of IFN-gamma was progressively decreased (and the IL-4/IFN-gamma ratio increased) in the groups with moderate or severe asthma. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha release was reduced, but IL-4, IL-5, and granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor release was unchanged. The presence of Ascaris-specific IgE did not influence the cytokine profiles. CONCLUSION Our study extends the findings observed for other atopic disorders and suggests that defective IFN-gamma release is a generalized feature of atopic diseases. This study-the first to investigate both severe and moderate asthma, with the groups having similar atopic profiles-indicates that the extent of the defect in IFN-gamma release might be related to asthma severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Nurse
- Department of Immunology, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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Haus M. Allergology in South Africa. S Afr Med J 1994; 84:466-8. [PMID: 7825076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Derman WE, Dunbar F, Haus M, Lambert M, Noakes TD. Chronic beta-blockade does not influence muscle power output during high-intensity exercise of short-duration. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1993; 67:415-9. [PMID: 7905412 DOI: 10.1007/bf00376457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Patients receiving beta-receptor antagonists for the treatment of hypertension frequently complain of impaired exercise tolerance. To determine whether these medications impair skeletal muscle contractile function, we measured isokinetic muscle function in ten healthy male cyclists receiving nebivolol (N), atenolol (A), propranolol (P) and the calcium channel antagonist diltiazem (D). The subjects performed standardized tests of muscle power on an isokinetic cycle ergometer following subacute ingestion of N, A, P, D and placebo (PL) in a double blind crossover trial. Subjects exercised maximally for 10 s at 90, 110, 120, 130 and 150 rpm with 2-min rest between sessions. Thereafter, they performed a 30-s fatigue test at 120 rpm. Resting heart rate was decreased 13.4%, 21.9% and 14.6% by N, A and P, respectively (P < 0.05 vs PL). Resting systolic blood pressure was decreased 6.7% by A only (P < 0.05 vs PL). Peak power, average power and work done was not different among treatment groups at any crank velocity, nor was there any difference in total work done or rate of work decline in the 30-s test. We concluded from our study that peak isokinetic muscle power during maximal exercise of short duration is not affected by beta-blockade or the calcium antagonist diltiazem. Fatigue during beta-receptor antagonism would not appear therefore to be due to changes in the ability of skeletal muscle to produce peak power output during exercise of short duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W E Derman
- Liberty Life Chair of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Cape Town Medical School, South Africa
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Haus M. Allergic sensitisation and urbanisation. S Afr Med J 1993; 83:239-41. [PMID: 8316914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Haus
- ICI Pharmaceuticals, Johannesburg
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Potter PC, Mullineux J, Weinberg EG, Haus M, Ireland P, Buys C, Motala C. The ALCAT test--inappropriate in testing for food allergy in clinical practice. S Afr Med J 1992; 81:384. [PMID: 1561573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Haus M. Urgent dietary intervention required in urbanising communities to prevent allergy epidemic. S Afr Med J 1992; 81:117. [PMID: 1733017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Gous P, Haus M. Intravenous flunarizine therapy for acute toxicity in malaria. S Afr Med J 1990; 77:217. [PMID: 2300860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Haus M, Heese HD, Weinberg EG, Potter PC, Malherbe D, Hall JM. Genetic and environmental influences on cord blood serum IgE and on atopic sensitisation in infancy. S Afr Med J 1990; 77:7-13. [PMID: 2294624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It has recently been reported that cord blood serum IgE (CBsIgE) concentrations in a black Third-World cohort were significantly higher than those in a similar cohort of white and coloured newborns, and were not influenced by an atopic family history (aFH). This study reports on the 1-year follow-up of these newborns carried out to determine whether statistical differences in median CBsIgE values at birth could be found between infants in each ethnic group who subsequently developed clinical atopy in the first year of life and those who remained healthy. The infants were seen at 3, 7 and 12 months of age. At each visit a detailed history was taken from the mothers, the infants were examined clinically for the presence of atopic disease and blood was taken for immunological assay (total serum IgE by paper-disc radio-immunosorbent testing, and radio-allergosorbent testing for egg-white, cow's milk and Dermatophygoides pteronyssinus). A combination of clinical and immunological variables was assessed in order to categorise the infants into 'atopic' or 'not atopic' groups at the end of the 1-year follow-up period. The black infants who completed the study had the lowest incidence of aFH (16%), but 64% of them developed atopic disease during infancy. The median CBsIgE values for the black infants who became atopic were lower than, but not statistically different from, those for the group who remained non-atopic (P = 0.57). The white and coloured infants who completed the study had 81.6% and 30.4% incidences of aFH respectively, with 47.4% and 58.7% respectively developing atopic disease during infancy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- M Haus
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town
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Haus M. Guidelines for the measurement and interpretation of cord blood serum IgE concentrations. S Afr Med J 1989; 76:513-4. [PMID: 2814736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Abstract
South Africa has a population of approximately 30 million people. The country has a mixture of advanced industrial and rural economies, but the medicine control system is consistent with similar systems established in the major industrial countries of Western Europe and North America. Because most of South Africa's population lives in conditions more closely akin to the developing world than to the Western nations, it is important to examine whether the country is optimally served by this drug regulation model and to define critically the strengths and limitations of the established system. The conclusions might be relevant for other countries at a comparable stage of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- P I Folb
- South African Medicines Control Council
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Haus M, Heese HD, Weinberg EG, Potter PC, Hall JM, Malherbe D. The influence of ethnicity, an atopic family history, and maternal ascariasis on cord blood serum IgE concentrations. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1988; 82:179-89. [PMID: 3403861 DOI: 10.1016/0091-6749(88)90997-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Raised concentrations of cord blood serum (CBs) IgE have previously been demonstrated to reflect a hereditary predisposition for atopy in First World, predominantly white populations. A cross-sectional study of 53 black, 52 white, and 58 mixed race newborn infants and maternal pairs was performed in a multiethnic, mixed First and Third World society. The CBs IgE concentrations were measured with a modification of the standard IgE PRIST, which could reliably determine IgE concentrations to an accuracy of 0.01 kU/L. The black group had the highest geometric mean and median CBs IgE concentrations (0.21; 0.16 kU/L), followed by the white group (0.12; 0.12 kU/L) and the mixed group (0.10; 0.08 kU/L). If those newborn infants with an atopic family history and maternal ascariasis were excluded, the remainder had geometric mean and median CBs IgE concentrations of 0.20; 0.16 kU/L in the black subgroup, followed by values of 0.06; 0.05 kU/L in the mixed subgroup, and 0.05; 0.07 kU/L in the white subgroup. Statistically significant ethnic differences in the median CBs IgE concentrations of these subgroups were demonstrated between the black-white (p less than 0.05) and the black-mixed (p less than 0.005) ethnic groups. A positive family history of atopy influenced the CBs IgE concentrations in the white and mixed groups but not in the black group. Of those newborn infants with a CBs IgE concentration greater than 0.5 kU/L, a family history of atopy was found in 100% of the white newborn infants, in 58.3% of the mixed newborn infants, and only in 14.3% of the black newborn infants. Many of the black newborn infants without a family history of atopy had extremely high CBs IgE concentrations. The influence of maternal ascariasis was equivocal in the mixed group but of no significance in the black group. The high CBs IgE concentrations in the black newborn infants, independent of an atopic family history and maternal ascariasis, suggest that this atopic marker may therefore be of limited use in identifying the "high allergic-risk" newborn infant in black Third World populations who appear to represent a pool of genetic high IgE-responder phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Haus
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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Haus M. The contemporary romance of alternative medicine. S Afr Med J 1987; 72:455. [PMID: 3660147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Falser N, Bandtlow I, Rziha HJ, Haus M, Wolf H. The role of acute and latent virus infections in the pathogenesis of inner ear disturbances. Am J Otol 1987; 8:136-47. [PMID: 3035932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The possible role of herpesviral infections of the inner ear in suddenly appearing inner ear disturbances was investigated. Experimental pseudorabies virus (PRV, Herpes sui 1) infection of mice and swine was used as a model system. Infected mice represented the productive cycle of PRV infection (acute phase), whereas the latent phase of infection could be tested in swine. From the acutely infected mice the virus could be reisolated from perilymphatic fluid and various parts of the brain. Massive histopathologic alterations and signs of total cell damage to the organ of Corti and the vestibular organ were found. Accordingly, in all of the cells of the inner ear multiple copies of the PRV genome could be demonstrated. We therefore suggest that the disturbances of the inner ear were induced by the acute virus infection. In two latently infected swine (sixty weeks after infection), PRV could not be recovered either from the perilymphatic fluid or from a variety of different neural and extraneural tissues. However, histopathologic changes similar to those found in the acutely infected mice were observed. The presence of viral DNA could be demonstrated by in situ cytohybridization in both sensory and supportive cells of the inner ear and vestibular organ, but not in the corresponding nerve fibers, which is in contrast to the acutely infected mice. The distribution of the viral genome was further analyzed in adjacent areas of the central nervous system. An involvement of acute and latent herpes virus infection in inner ear dysfunction including sudden deafness and vestibular neuronitis in man, might be suggested from the results described. The presented animal model system, PRV-infected swine, should permit further studies on a possible role of herpetic recurrences, particularly with regard to inner ear disturbances.
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Heard N, Haus M. A national health service for South Africa. S Afr Med J 1986; 70:370-1. [PMID: 3750147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Haus M. The transition from idealism to pragmatism in medical practice. S Afr Med J 1986; 70:112-4. [PMID: 3726698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The principles and practice of medicine as taught at our medical schools today cannot find expressive fulfillment in the private sector, nor are they appropriate in adequately serving our Third-World population. This results in many of our primary care physicians leaving general practice because of frustration and lack of fulfillment. Urgent correction of the status quo is necessary, particularly by making better use of specially trained primary health care nursing sisters and by readjustment of the statutory tariff, making it cost-effective for the physician to utilize his resources for optimal patient benefit.
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Wolf H, Leser U, Haus M, Gu SY, Pathmanathan R. Sandwich nucleic acid hybridization: a method with a universally usable labeled probe for various specific tests. J Virol Methods 1986; 13:1-8. [PMID: 3722306 DOI: 10.1016/0166-0934(86)90066-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid hybridization is widely used for scientific applications but essentially restricted to specialized laboratories. The use of recombinant m 13 phages as hybridization probes (Hu and Messing (1980) Gene 17, 271; Messing (1983) Methods Enzymol. 101, 20) offers a considerable advantage over the commonly used recombinant plasmids as the preparation of the DNA probe is very simple and it can easily be labeled directly, e.g. with isotopes with long half-life like 125I (Commerford (1971) Biochemistry 10, 11 (1983); Gu et al. (1983) Cancer (China) 2, 129; Han and Harding (1983) Nucleic Acids Res. 11, 14) and used for hybridization. However, as the application of nucleic acid hybridization for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes becomes almost unavoidable, the logistic problems of keeping numerous individually labeled hybridization probes increase considerably and may reach prohibitory levels in less well-equipped laboratories. In a new sandwich technique, the first step involves hybridization with an unlabeled recombinant m 13 DNA carrying an insert of the desired specificity. In a second step a universally usable labeled probe directed against the m 13 part of the recombinant phage DNA is applied. This reduces considerably the problems of preparing and keeping multiple labeled probes in stock.
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Falser N, Bandtlow I, Haus M, Wolf H. Detection of pseudorabies virus DNA in the inner ear of intranasally infected BALB/c mice with nucleic acid hybridization in situ. J Virol 1986; 57:335-9. [PMID: 3001355 PMCID: PMC252731 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.57.1.335-339.1986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence for the pathogenicity of pseudorabies virus for the auditory and vestibular organs of experimentally infected mice is presented. We demonstrate viral genomes in cells of the peripheral sensory organs, the nerve structures, and the affected areas of the brain in single sections from an entire cranium of an adult mouse. The data were obtained by an in situ hybridization technique adapted for use with fixed, plastic-embedded materials. In contrast to conventional methods which use frozen sections, we were able to analyze cartilaginous and bony materials with high resolution.
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Falser N, Bandtlow I, Haus M, Wolf H. Demonstration of pseudorabies virus DNA in the mouse inner ear by an in situ nucleic acid hybridization technique in plastic embedded bony material. J Microsc 1986; 141:55-67. [PMID: 3007764 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1986.tb02700.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This investigation is concerned with the possibility of identifying viral DNA using the in situ DNA hybridization method in methylmethacrylate-embedded material. As an experimental model we chose viral labyrinthitis produced by intranasal infection of the mouse with pseudorabies virus. Fixation and embedding methods specially adapted to this procedure and bony histology preparation technique (specimens by grinding or micromilling) made it possible to identify viral DNA directly morphologically and virologically in the inner ear. Quantitative microphotometric analyses of trans-sagittal sections of the entire skull after in situ DNA hybridization are presented and discussed here as an explicit method of investigating the path of distribution of viral DNA in the brain and the inner ear.
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Abstract
Two independent techniques, in situ hybridization on frozen sections and reassociation kinetics, have been used to localize Epstein-Barr virus genomes in tissue samples from healthy human adults. Whereas specimens taken from the palatine tonsils were invariably negative, all samples from the parotid gland were positive when tested with either technique. This observation suggests that the parotid gland is, besides the peripheral lymphocytes, a site of lifelong persistence of Epstein-Barr virus and probably the site of low-level virus production which may be the source of virus found in the oropharynx.
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Wolf H, Haus M, Leser U, Modrow S, Motz M, Gu SY, Falser N, Bandlow I, Richter W, Pathmanathan R. New developments in nucleic acid hybridization. IARC Sci Publ 1984:373-391. [PMID: 6100276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid hybridization is widely used for scientific applications in specialized laboratories. This paper describes hybridization probes that can be prepared with less specialized equipment. A new indirect 'sandwich' hybridization test is described which allows the use of only one universally usable labelled probe for hybridization tests with specificities for various sequences. The use of different labels and hybridization techniques is also discussed and critically compared. For in situ hybridization, the usability of fixed and embedded materials is tested and evaluated.
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Wilmes E, Wolf H, Haus M. [Tonsillar cancer and Epstein-Barr virus]. Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg) 1983; 62:586-9. [PMID: 6323895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr Virus is an important aetiological factor in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Serology suggested that besides NPC some other tumours located within the lymphoepithelial ring of the throat (Waldeyer's ring) might be associated with EBV. Nucleic-acid hybridizations were carried out to detect the presence of EBV-DNA in tumour biopsies derived from tonsillar carcinomas. We were able to demonstrate the presence of EBV-DNA in the tumour cells of two poorly differentiated carcinomas. We think that only a small fraction of tonsillar carcinomas is positive for EBV. The aetiologic relationship of EBV with tumours of Waldeyer's ring is discussed.
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Haus M, Green PD, Hall CA. Species specificity in the immunologic reactions and biological functions of transcobalamin II. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 1979; 162:295-8. [PMID: 92789 DOI: 10.3181/00379727-162-40668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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31
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Haus M, Baillie P. Reversal of active labour. A case report. S Afr Med J 1978; 54:501-2. [PMID: 734584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical course of primiparous patient who presented in premature labour at 31 weeks' gestation is described. Cervical dilatation was reversed from 9 cm and pregnancy continued for 6 days. The possible causes and mechanism are discussed and the implications are considered.
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Giraldo G, Degos L, Beth E, Gharbi RM, Day NK, Dastot H, Haus M, Reboul M, Schmid M. HLA antigens in 16 families with xeroderma pigmentosum. Tissue Antigens 1977; 9:167-70. [PMID: 860288 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1977.tb01099.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Xeroderma pigmentosum is an autosomal recessive disease. HLA-A and -B typing was performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes and platelets. Sixteen Tunisian families were typed with 37 patients and 108 relatives. Genetic transmission of the disease and of the HLA system seemed to be independent in this study. Comparison of HLA gene frequencies between (unrelated) parents of patients and a control population showed no difference, proving that there is no clear association in populations between deleterious XP genes and a particular HLA gene. However, an excess of identical HLA among pairs of diseased siblings would suggest that the disease is polymorphic and a form of the XP could be linked to HLA.
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