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Kumari K, Capstick M, Cassara AM, Herrala M, Koivisto H, Naarala J, Tanila H, Viluksela M, Juutilainen J. Effects of intermediate frequency magnetic fields on male fertility indicators in mice. Environ Res 2017; 157:64-70. [PMID: 28525858 PMCID: PMC5472253 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to intermediate frequency (IF) fields is increasing due to new applications such as electronic article surveillance systems, wireless power transfer and induction heating cookers. However, limited data is available on effects of IF magnetic fields (MF) on male fertility function. This study was conducted to assess possible effects on fertility indicators from exposure to IF MF. Male C57BL/6J mice were exposed continuously for 5 weeks to 7.5kHz MF at 12 and 120μT. Sperm cells from cauda epididymis were analysed for motility, total sperm counts, and head abnormalities. Motile sperm cells were classified as progressive or non-progressive. Testicular spermatid heads were counted as well. The body weight development and reproductive tissue weights were not affected. No exposure-related differences were observed in sperm counts or sperm head abnormalities. Proportion of non-motile cells was significantly decreased in the 120µT group, and a corresponding increase was seen in the percentage of motile cells (significant in non-progressive motile cells). In conclusion, no adverse effects on fertility indicators were observed. Increased sperm motility is an interesting finding that needs to be confirmed in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kumari
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. BOX 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | | | | | - M Herrala
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. BOX 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Koivisto
- A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Naarala
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. BOX 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Tanila
- A. I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Viluksela
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. BOX 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland; National Institute for Health and Welfare, Chemicals and Health Unit, Kuopio, Finland
| | - J Juutilainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. BOX 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
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Mikkonen JJW, Singh SP, Herrala M, Lappalainen R, Myllymaa S, Kullaa AM. Salivary metabolomics in the diagnosis of oral cancer and periodontal diseases. J Periodontal Res 2015; 51:431-7. [PMID: 26446036 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a systemic study of metabolites, which are small molecules generated by the process of metabolism. The metabolic profile of saliva can provide an early outlook of the changes associated with a wide range of diseases, including oral cancer and periodontal diseases. It is possible to measure levels of disease-specific metabolites using different methods as presented in this study. However, many challenges exist including incomplete understanding of the complicated metabolic pathways of different oral diseases. The review concludes with the discussion on future perspectives of salivary metabolomics from a clinician point of view. Salivary metabolomics may afford a new research avenue to identify local and systemic disorders but also to aid in the design and modification of therapies. A MEDLINE search using keywords "salivary metabolomics" returned 23 results in total, of which seven were omitted for being reviews or letters to the editor. The rest of the articles were used for preparation of the review, 13 of these were published in the last 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J W Mikkonen
- SIB Labs, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S P Singh
- SIB Labs, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M Herrala
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - R Lappalainen
- SIB Labs, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S Myllymaa
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A M Kullaa
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Educational Dental Clinic, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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