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Dohmann H, Perin E, Sousa A, Silva S, Borojevic R, Rossi M, Carvalho L, Verney R, Mattos N, Dohmann H. Crit Care 2003; 7:P7. [DOI: 10.1186/cc2203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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2
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Rossi MI, Medina KL, Garrett K, Kolar G, Comp PC, Shultz LD, Capra JD, Wilson P, Schipul A, Kincade PW. Relatively normal human lymphopoiesis but rapid turnover of newly formed B cells in transplanted nonobese diabetic/SCID mice. J Immunol 2001; 167:3033-42. [PMID: 11544286 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.6.3033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Human B lineage lymphocyte precursors in chimeric nonobese diabetic/SCID mice transplanted with umbilical cord blood cells were directly compared with those present in normal bone marrow. All precursor subsets were represented and in nearly normal proportions. Cell cycle activity and population dynamics were investigated by staining for the Ki-67 nuclear Ag as well as by incorporation experiments using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine. Again, this revealed that human B lymphopoiesis in chimeras parallels that in normal marrow with respect to replication and progression through the lineage. Moreover, sequencing of Ig gene rearrangement products showed that a diverse repertoire of V(H) genes was utilized by the newly formed lymphocytes but there was no evidence for somatic hypermutation. The newly formed B cells frequently acquired the CD5 Ag and had a short life span in the periphery. Thus, all molecular requirements for normal B lymphocyte formation are present in nonobese diabetic/SCID mice, but additional factors are needed for recruitment of B cells into a fully mature, long-lived pool. The model can now be exploited to learn about species restricted and conserved environmental cues for human B lymphocyte production.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/genetics
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/pathology
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- CD5 Antigens/analysis
- Cell Cycle
- Cell Lineage
- Cellular Senescence
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy
- Fetal Blood/cytology
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain
- Genes, Immunoglobulin
- Graft Survival
- Hematopoiesis
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Variable Region/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Models, Animal
- Radiation Chimera
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/blood
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/immunology
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/pathology
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency/therapy
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
- Transplantation, Heterologous
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Rossi
- Immunobiology and Cancer Program, Molecular Immunogenetics, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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3
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Medina KL, Garrett KP, Thompson LF, Rossi MI, Payne KJ, Kincade PW. Identification of very early lymphoid precursors in bone marrow and their regulation by estrogen. Nat Immunol 2001; 2:718-24. [PMID: 11477408 DOI: 10.1038/90659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen is a negative regulator of lymphopoiesis and provides an experimental tool for probing relationships between lymphocyte precursors and stem cells. We found that expression of lymphocyte-associated genes and immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangement occurred before CD45R acquisition. Lymphoid-restricted progenitors that were Lin(-)IL-7R alpha(+)c-kit(lo)TdT(+) (lineage marker(-), interleukin receptor 7 alpha(+), c-kit(lo) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(+)) were selectively depleted in estrogen-treated mice; within a less differentiated Lin-c-kit(hi) fraction, functional precursors of B and T, but not myeloid, cells were also selectively depleted. TdT and an Ig heavy chain transgene were detected within a hormone-regulated Lin(-)c-kit(hi)Sca-1(+)CD27(+)Flk-2(+)IL-7R alpha(-) subset of this multipotential progenitor population. Identification of these extremely early lymphoid precursors should facilitate investigation of the molecular mechanisms that control lineage-fate decisions in hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Medina
- Immunobiology and Cancer Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 N.E. 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Kincade PW, Payne KJ, Tudor KS, Yamashita Y, Medina KL, Rossi MI, Kouro T. Re-evaluation of B lymphocyte lineage differentiation schemes. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2001; 251:67-72. [PMID: 11036760 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-57276-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P W Kincade
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City 73104, USA
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5
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Kincade PW, Medina KL, Payne KJ, Rossi MI, Tudor KS, Yamashita Y, Kouro T. Early B-lymphocyte precursors and their regulation by sex steroids. Immunol Rev 2000; 175:128-37. [PMID: 10933598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
This review describes an improved characterization of early B-lymphocyte precursors in mice and the remarkable sensitivity of the same cells to hormones. The nuclear enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) was used as a marker to image and characterize bone marrow cells lacking all lineage-associated markers. Most early TdT+ precursors have a distinctive density of c-kit and express the interleukin-7Ralpha chain, as well as flt-3/flk2, but lack CD34. An understanding of those cell surface properties made it possible to obtain highly enriched, viable cells with the potential to give rise to CD19+ lymphocytes in culture. A series of other flow cytometry and culture experiments suggested a possible differentiation sequence for these early pro-B cells. This new model was used to advantage in our studies of sex steroids. It appears that early precursors represent a hormone-sensitive control point for determining numbers of new B lymphocytes that are produced within bone marrow. We also compare and contrast these findings with B lymphopoiesis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Kincade
- Immunobiology and Cancer Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City 73104, USA.
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Rossi MI, Dutra HS, El-Cheikh MC, Bonomo A, Borojevic R. Extramedullar B lymphopoiesis in liver schistosomal granulomas: presence of the early stages and inhibition of the full B cell differentiation. Int Immunol 1999; 11:509-18. [PMID: 10323203 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/11.4.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory granulomatous reactions in liver elicited by schistosomal infection have been shown to function as active extramedullar myelopoietic sites, producing potentially all the myeloid lineages. We have now addressed the question of the extramedullar B lymphopoiesis in these sites. We have shown the presence of early B cell precursors (pro-B cells) in the granulomas by immunophenotyping. Their total number in the liver was equivalent to the pro-B cells in the bone marrow of one femur. In agreement with their phenotype, the RT-PCR analysis showed that these cells expressed RAG-1 and lambda5 genes. However, the conversion of the pro-B to pre-B cells was not observed and no clonogenic B cell precursors could be detected in semi-solid cultures stimulated by IL-7. The granulomatous stroma was shown to produce IL-7 and express c-kit, and was able to sustain the full B lymphopoiesis in vitro. Conversely, the granuloma supernatant was shown to inhibit actively the development of B lymphocytes. We conclude that the granuloma environment elicits homing and proliferation of totipotent hematopoietic precursors, and that it is permissive for early commitment to the B cell lineage, but the full extramedullar production of B cell is abrogated by soluble factors produced inside the granulomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Rossi
- Departamento de Patologia, Hospital Universitário António Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
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7
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Dutra HS, El-Cheikh MC, Azevedo SP, Rossi MI, Borojevic R. Murine schistosomiasis mansoni: experimental analysis of bone marrow and peripheral myelopoiesis. Parasitol Res 1998; 84:668-75. [PMID: 9747940 DOI: 10.1007/s004360050467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In schistosomiasis a systemic hyperplasia of the monomacrophagic cell lineage is associated with its mild modifications in myelograms and hemograms. We monitored the in vitro proliferation of myeloid precursors obtained from bone marrow, blood, spleen, and liver. The macrophage colony-forming unit (M-CFU) numbers were stable in bone marrow but increased progressively in spleen and in liver, reaching in each organ the values equivalent to one femur. The bone marrow had an increased production and enhanced capacity to release M-CFU. Their quantitative increase in blood and in peripheral tissues of schistosome-infected mice was associated with their qualitative modifications: augmented proliferative capacity, enhanced adhesion, and accelerated differentiation. The accelerated release of monomacrophage progenitors and their enhanced proliferation in peripheral tissues potentially account for the relatively low involvement of the bone marrow and for an efficient in situ production of phagocytes, which participate in host reactions to parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Dutra
- PABCAM-Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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el-Cheikh MC, Bonomo AC, Rossi MI, Pinho MDF, Borojevic R. Experimental murine schistosomiasis mansoni: modulation of the B-1 lymphocyte distribution and phenotype expression. Immunobiology 1998; 199:51-62. [PMID: 9717667 DOI: 10.1016/s0171-2985(98)80063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We studied the B-1 lymphocyte involvement in host reactions to parasites in the murine model of schistosomiasis. No modifications were observed in the prepostural phase of the disease. From the acute phase on, we observed sequentially an increase of Mac1- B-1 cells in the spleen, followed by their appearance in Peyer's patches and in mesenteric ganglia, suggesting that a fraction of splenic B-1 cells might follow this pathway of migration, acquiring progressively the Mac1 expression. These results are consistent with a primary activation of the splenic B cell compartment, with the subsequent mobilization of B-1 cells into the tissue involved by parasites. Conversely, we found no evidence of an increase of B-1 cells in the peritoneum, nor a mobilization of B-1 cells expressing the peritoneal phenotype (CD5lo, IgMhi) into the tissues involved by infection, despite the general inflammatory reactivity of peritoneal cells. In schistosomiasis, the peritoneal cavity B-1 cells on one side, and those involved in inflammatory reactions to parasites in the spleen, Peyer's patches, and mesenteric ganglia on the other, represent two distinct B-1 lymphocyte pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C el-Cheikh
- Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, ICB, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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9
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Dutra HS, Rossi MI, Azevedo SP, el-Cheikh MC, Borojevic R. Haematopoietic capacity of colony-forming cells mobilized in hepatic inflammatory reactions as compared to that of normal bone marrow cells. Res Immunol 1997; 148:437-44. [PMID: 9498001 DOI: 10.1016/s0923-2494(97)82666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory periovular granulomatous reactions elicited in liver by schistosomal infection are a site of active myelopoiesis. We quantified the colony-forming cells (CFCs) in granulomas and found that the whole liver contains a number of CFCs roughly equivalent to 50% of a femur. Clonogenic analysis showed the presence of committed as well as pluripotent and totipotent CFCs. Long-term Dexter-type cultures showed that the granuloma-derived totipotent CFCs do not have self-renewal capacity. Hence, they did not correspond functionally to haematopoietic stem cells, despite the fact that the stroma established by adherent cells harvested from granulomas had the capacity to sustain long-term proliferation of bone-marrow-derived haematopoietic stem cells. We conclude that myelopoietic cytokines produced by inflammatory reactions in schistosomiasis elicit mobilization of bone marrow CFCs into the circulation, which can settle in hepatic granulomas. This environment may induce their proliferation and differentiation, but not their self-renewal, sustaining temporary production of myeloid cell lineages which nevertheless depends upon cell renewal from the bone marrow pool of haematopoietic precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Dutra
- Programa Avançado de Biologia Celular Aplicada à Medicina, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Abstract
A case of spontaneously occurring infiltrative craniopharyngioma in a laboratory-reared gerbil is reported. The histopathological and ultrastructural features are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Guzmán-Silva
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Antonio Pedro, Federal Fluminense University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Maia LC, Guerra RN, Rossi MI. Quantitation of tumor growth in the ears of mice. J Immunol Methods 1982; 55:135-9. [PMID: 6818280 DOI: 10.1016/0022-1759(82)90086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of ascitic P-815 mastocytoma cells intradermally in the ears of syngeneic DBA/2J mice allows a simple and precise quantitation of tumor growth by ear swelling. Tumor growth was retarded and then arrested in allogeneic DBA/1J mice, whereas syngeneic hosts died as a result of tumor dissemination in draining lymph nodes, liver and spleen.
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