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Dangmann C, Leonhard M, Kleppang AL, Lien L. Assessment of mental health and psychosocial support in Ukrainian refugee minors resettled in Norway. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac130.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The recent invasion of Ukraine has forced millions of civilians, especially women and children, to leave their country. Although the European Union offers guidance on individual health assessment of refugees fleeing the war in Ukraine, assessment practice varies across host countries and even on national basis. Thus, the aim of this project was to identify and prioritize procedures for mental health assessment of Ukrainian refugee minors in Norway.
Methods
This project applied a modified three-round-Delphi method. In a first step, the leading public health nurse and community physician in 40 municipalities across Norway were contacted via e-mail and asked to state who is in charge of health assessment, what is current assessing practice and what are the problems and needs. Answers were analysed and condensed and will be presented for rating in a second and third round.
Results
Preliminary results from the first round suggest that most municipalities are currently in a planning phase with uncertainties surrounding who and how future assessments will be done. Public health nurses or general practitioners are often in charge of health assessments, but it is unclear if this includes age-adjusted mental health assessments.
Conclusions
Preliminary results show that current practice in assessing mental health and psychosocial support for Ukranian refugee minors in Norway is very diverse. There is a need to evaluate and prioritize current procedures to assure an equal and age-adjusted procedures for all refugee minors, regardless of where they have resettled.
Key messages
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dangmann
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences , Elverum, Norway
| | - M Leonhard
- Advisory Unit Substance Abuse, Mental Health, Innlandet Hospital Trust , Brumunddal, Norway
| | - AL Kleppang
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences , Elverum, Norway
| | - L Lien
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences , Elverum, Norway
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Leonhard M, Zatorska B, Moser D, Tan Y, Schneider-Stickler B. Evaluation of combined growth media for in vitro cultivation of oropharyngeal biofilms on prosthetic silicone. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2018; 29:45. [PMID: 29633010 PMCID: PMC5891558 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6051-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the upper aerodigestive tract, biofilm deposits by oropharyngeal microbes can cause failure of medical polymer devices like voice prostheses. Previous studies on testing of inhibitive strategies still lack of comparability due to varying study protocols concerning growth media, microbial species and growth conditions. Goal of the study was therefore to test cultivation of a mixed biofilm of isolated oropharyngeal microbes under in vitro growth conditions using mixtures of common growth media. Mixtures of yeast peptone dextrose medium (YPD), fetal bovine serum (FBS), RPMI 1640, Yeast nitrogen base medium (YNB) and brain heart infusion (BHI) were tested to grow mixed biofilm deposits of Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus epidermidis, Rothia dentocariosa and Lactobacillus gasseri on medical grade silicone. Periodic assessment of living biofilm was performed over 22 days by a digital microscope and the cultivated biofilm structures were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy after completion of the study. Mixtures of BHI, YPD and FBS improved microscopic growth of multispecies biofilm deposits over time, while addition of RPMI and YNB resulted in reduction of visible biofilm deposit sizes. A mixtures of FBS 30% + YPD 70% and BHI 30% + YPD 70% showed enhanced support of permanent surface growth on silicone. Growth kinetics of in vitro multispecies biofilms can be manipulated by using mixtures of common growth media. Using mixtures of growth media can improve growth of longterm multispecies oropharyngeal biofilm models used for in vitro testing of antibiofilm materials or coatings for voice prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Leonhard
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - B Zatorska
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Moser
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Y Tan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - B Schneider-Stickler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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Hoetzenecker K, Schweiger T, Schwarz S, Roesner I, Leonhard M, Schneider-Stickler B, Bigenzahn W, Denk-Linnert DM, Klepetko W. 5 Jahre interdisziplinäres, laryngotracheales Programm an der Medizinischen Universität Wien – Erfahrungen und Ergebnisse. Zentralbl Chir 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1587513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hoetzenecker K, Schweiger T, Leonhard M, Roesner I, Denk-Linnert D, Schneider-Stickler B, Bigenzahn W, Klepetko W. F-078SUMMARIZED INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE OF PAEDIATRIC AIRWAY SURGERY. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivv204.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hoetzenecker K, Leonhard M, Marta G, Schweiger T, Denk D, Monnier P, Bigenzahn W, Klepetko W. Korrektur laryngotrachealer Stenosen bei Kindern – eine Fallserie. Zentralbl Chir 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1389308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Leonhard M, Reumüller A, Moser D, Bigenzahn W, Schneider-Stickler B. Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen zur Biofilmbildung auf 20 PROVOX®2 Stimmventilen. Laryngorhinootologie 2009; 88:392-7. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1119409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Timmins P, Leonhard M, Weltzien H, Wacker T, Welte W. A physical characterization of some detergents of potential use for membrane protein crystallization. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(88)80513-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Stummer W, Stepp H, Möller G, Ehrhardt A, Leonhard M, Reulen HJ. Technical principles for protoporphyrin-IX-fluorescence guided microsurgical resection of malignant glioma tissue. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1998; 140:995-1000. [PMID: 9856241 DOI: 10.1007/s007010050206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas accumulate fluorescing protoporphyrin IX intracellularly after exposure to 5-aminolevulinic acid, a metabolic precursor of haem. This phenomenon has been exploited for intraoperative identification of residual tumour to enable greater completeness of tumour removal. The present report describes the necessary modifications to the operating microscope to enable microsurgical, fluorescence-guided tumour removal. The system consists of a xenon light source coupled to the microscope, which can be switched from normal white light to violet-blue excitation light (375-440 nm). A longpass filter is introduced into the observer light path to enable observation of tumour fluorescence. Transmission characteristics of excitation and observation filters are chosen to transmit part of the remitted excitation light. Thereby the observer retains an impression of tissue detail, next to tumour porphyrin fluorescence. An integrating three chip CCD camera optimized for red light detection enables documentation of fluorescence findings. The present modifications allow uncomplicated and rapid recognition of red tumour fluorescence and its borders to normal tissue, without interrupting the course of the operation. Tissue detail is great enough to enable tumour resection under violet-blue excitation light during parts of the operation. The system appears to constitute a useful tool for optimizing removal of malignant gliomas on a routine basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Stummer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
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Leonhard M, Mäntele W. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and electrochemistry of the primary electron donor in Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Rhodopseudomonas viridis reaction centers: vibrational modes of the pigments in situ and evidence for protein and water modes affected by P+ formation. Biochemistry 1993; 32:4532-8. [PMID: 8485130 DOI: 10.1021/bi00068a007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Protein electrochemistry in an ultra-thin-layer electrochemical cell suitable for UV/vis and IR spectroscopy has been used to characterize the vibrational modes of the primary electron donors of Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Rhodopseudomonas viridis reaction centers in their neutral and cation radical states (P and P+, respectively). The P-->P+ redox transitions could be well separated from redox reactions of other cofactors according to their redox midpoint potential. The IR difference bands of the primary electron donor bacteriochlorophylls all titrate in unison and exhibit the correct midpoint potential. Comparison of the difference spectra with those of isolated bacteriochlorophylls a and b in organic solvents of different polarity and proton activity [Mäntele, W., Wollenweber, A. M., Nabedryk, E., & Breton, J. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85, 8468-8472] leads to similar conclusions on the binding and interaction of the pigments within the protein matrix as previously obtained from light-induced P+Q-/PQ difference spectra. Equilibration of the reaction centers in D2O leads to few but distinct shifts of bands and changes of band intensities at 1662, 1634, and 1526 cm-1 (Rhodobacter sphaeroides) and 1694, 1664, 1648, 1630, and 1532 cm-1 (Rhodopseudomonas viridis) as well as to smaller deviations at other wavenumbers. The H-->D-sensitive band at 1662 cm-1 is interpreted in terms of a histidine NH2+ bending mode. A second H/D-sensitive difference band around 1648 cm-1 in the Rhodopseudomonas viridis reaction center may be associated with the peptide C = O of one of the amino acids surrounding P [eventually of the histidine(s) ligating the Mg] which is affected by P+ formation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- M Leonhard
- Institut für Biophysik und Strahlenbiologie, Universität Freiburg, FRG
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Abstract
The electrochemical redox poising of the primary electron donor P and of the quinone electron acceptor(s) Q in isolated reaction centers from Rhodobacter sphaeroides in an ultra-thin-layer electrochemical cell, monitored by chronoamperometry and by spectroscopy in the visible/near-infrared region, is reported. Electrical application of a redox potential of +0.4 V (vs. Ag/AgCl/3 M KCl) leads to quantitative formation of the pi-cation radical of P within a few minutes. The oxidized product can be re-reduced to the neutral species by application of 0 V, and full reversibility is maintained over many cycles. By poising at a series of intermediate potentials, a titration curve for the 865 nm P band was obtained, which could be fitted to a Nernst function with Em = 0.485 vs. SHE and n = 0.96. By application of negative potentials (-0.2 V and -0.45 V vs. Ag/AgCl/3 M KCl), the quinone electron acceptors were reversibly reduced as demonstrated by the shift of bacteriopheophytin absorption and drastically changed kinetics of charge recombination. The use of this thin-layer electrochemical technique for the determination of midpoint potentials, for the investigation of redox-poised electron transfer reactions as well as for spectroscopy in the mid-infrared region is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Moss
- Institut für Biophysik und Strahlenbiologie, Universität Freiburg, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Rokos
- Research Laboratory, Henning Berlin GmbH, Komtur str. 58 — 62, D-IOOO Berlin 42, Fed. Rep. of Germany
| | - P. Wiegers
- Institute of Parasitology, Free University, Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Leonhard
- Institute of Parasitology, Free University, Berlin, Germany
| | - J. S. Ahmed
- Institute of Parasitology, Free University, Berlin, Germany
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Nabedryk E, Leonhard M, Mäntele W, Breton J. Fourier transform infrared difference spectroscopy shows no evidence for an enolization of chlorophyll a upon cation formation either in vitro or during P700 photooxidation. Biochemistry 1990; 29:3242-7. [PMID: 2110474 DOI: 10.1021/bi00465a015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Molecular changes associated with the photooxidation of the primary electron donor P700 in photosystem I from cyanobacteria have been investigated with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) difference spectroscopy. Highly resolved signals are observed in the carbonyl stretching frequency region of the light-induced FTIR spectra. In order to assign and to interpret these signals, the FTIR spectra of isolated chlorophyll a and pyrochlorophyll a (lacking the 10a-ester carbonyl) in both their neutral and cation states were investigated. Comparison of the redox-induced FTIR difference spectra of these two model compounds demonstrates that upon chlorophyll a cation formation in tetrahydrofuran the 7c-ester carbonyl is essentially unperturbed while the 10a-ester carbonyl is upshifted from 1738 to 1751 cm-1. For the 9-keto group, the shift is from 1693 to 1718 cm-1 in chlorophyll a and from 1686 to 1712 cm-1 in pyrochlorophyll a. The 1718-cm-1 band in the difference spectrum of chlorophyll a is thus unambiguously assigned to the 9-keto carbonyl of the cation. Comparison of the light-induced FTIR difference spectrum associated with the photooxidation of P700 in vivo with the difference FTIR spectrum of chlorophyll a cation formation leads to the assignment of the frequencies of the 9-keto carbonyl group(s) at 1700 cm-1 in P700 and at 1717 cm-1 in P700+.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- E Nabedryk
- Département de Biologie, CEN Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Nabedryk E, Andrianambinintsoa S, Berger G, Leonhard M, Mäntele W, Breton J. Characterization of bonding interactions of the intermediary electron acceptor in the reaction center of Photosystem II by FTIR spectroscopy. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(90)90005-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Berger G, Kleo J, Andrianambinintsoa S, Neumann JM, Leonhard M. Preparation and Purification of Chlorophylls, Bacterio-Chlorophylls and of Their Derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1080/01483919008049547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Welte W, Leonhard M, Diederichs K, Weltzien HU, Restall C, Hall C, Chapman D. Stabilization of detergent-solubilized Ca2+-ATPase by poly(ethylene glycol). Biochim Biophys Acta 1989; 984:193-9. [PMID: 2548624 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(89)90216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) has been solubilized with 1-alkanoyl propanediol-3-phosphorylcholines with chainlengths ranging between 8 and 12 C atoms. A marked dependence of the ATPase activity upon the chainlength was found, indicating that alkyl chainlengths with 12 C atoms are necessary for retention of activity. Addition of poly(ethylene glycol) to the eluting buffers used for gel filtration of the ATPase-detergent micelles was found to increase the activity and the long-term stability significantly. In the presence of Ca2+, the elution volume indicated an ATPase dimer, whereas in the absence of Ca2+ the elution volume indicated a monomeric solution. The purity of the preparations after gel filtration was improved by subsequent chromatography with a hydroxyapatite column.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Welte
- Institut für Biophysik und Strahlenbiologie der Universität Freiburg, F.R.G
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