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Tarhini A, Coleman S, El Naqa I, Sukrithan V, Aakrosh R, McCarter M, Carpten J, Colman H, Ikeguchi A, Puzanov I, Arnold S, Churchman M, Hwu P, Conejo-Garcia J, Dalton W, Weiner G, Tan A. 18P Systematic evaluation of published predictive gene expression signatures in pan-cancer patient cohorts treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors in a real-world setting. Immuno-Oncology and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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2
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VanDommelen K, Kasper R, McCarter M, Connors N, Davenport S. What's Preventing Healthcare Providers from Screening for Female Sexual Dysfunction? J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Davis B, McDermott S, McCarter M, Ortaglia A. Population-based mortality data suggests remediation is modestly effective in two Montana Superfund counties. Environ Geochem Health 2019; 41:803-816. [PMID: 30140965 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The health effects of living in proximity to Superfund sites with ongoing remediation were evaluated for residents of two contiguous Montana counties, Deer Lodge and Silver Bow. Deer Lodge and Silver Bow are home to the Anaconda Smelter and Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund sites, respectively. Established by the Environmental Protection Agency in 1983, both sites have had ongoing remediation for decades. Employing county level death certificate data obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention WONDER site, sex and age-adjusted standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for composite targeted causes of death were calculated using observed versus expected mortality for both counties, and compared to the expected mortality from the remaining Montana counties. Cancers, cerebro- and cardiovascular diseases (CCVD), and organ failure were elevated for the two counties during the study period, 2000-2016, with SMRs of 1.19 (95% CI 1.10, 1.29); 1.36 (95% CI 1.29, 1.43); and 1.24 (95% CI 1.10, 1.38), respectively. Neurological conditions were not elevated for the two counties (SMR = 1.01; 95% CI 0.89, 1.14). Time trend analyses performed using Cox regression models indicate that deaths from cancers (HR = 0.97; p = 0.0004), CCVDs (HR = 0.95; p ≤ 0.0001), and neurological conditions (HR = 0.97; p = 0.01) decreased over the study period. While the ecological approach applied limits the interpretation of our results, our study suggests that while mortality is elevated, it is also decreasing over time for these two Superfund sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Davis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - S McDermott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | - M McCarter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - A Ortaglia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Li Q, Nelson CT, Hsu SL, Damodaran AR, Li LL, Yadav AK, McCarter M, Martin LW, Ramesh R, Kalinin SV. Quantification of flexoelectricity in PbTiO 3/SrTiO 3 superlattice polar vortices using machine learning and phase-field modeling. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1468. [PMID: 29133906 PMCID: PMC5684141 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01733-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexoelectricity refers to electric polarization generated by heterogeneous mechanical strains, namely strain gradients, in materials of arbitrary crystal symmetries. Despite more than 50 years of work on this effect, an accurate identification of its coupling strength remains an experimental challenge for most materials, which impedes its wide recognition. Here, we show the presence of flexoelectricity in the recently discovered polar vortices in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices based on a combination of machine-learning analysis of the atomic-scale electron microscopy imaging data and phenomenological phase-field modeling. By scrutinizing the influence of flexocoupling on the global vortex structure, we match theory and experiment using computer vision methodologies to determine the flexoelectric coefficients for PbTiO3 and SrTiO3. Our findings highlight the inherent, nontrivial role of flexoelectricity in the generation of emergent complex polarization morphologies and demonstrate a viable approach to delineating this effect, conducive to the deeper exploration of both topics. Flexoelectric coupling between strain gradients and polarization influences the physics of ferroelectric devices but it is difficult to directly probe its effects. Here, Li et al. use principal component analysis to compare STEM images with phase-field modeling and extract the flexoelectric contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Li
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials and Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
| | - C T Nelson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - S-L Hsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - A R Damodaran
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - L-L Li
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials and Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - A K Yadav
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - M McCarter
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - L W Martin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - R Ramesh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - S V Kalinin
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials and Center for Nanophase Materials Science, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
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Stumpf P, Jones B, Amini A, Chang S, Edil B, Gajdos C, Goodman K, McCarter M, McKinney K, Meier J, Pokharel S, Schulick R, Wagh M, Wani S, Schefter T. Contouring of Pancreatic Tumor Volume Is Highly Variable on Interobserver Analysis in the Planning of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Merkow RP, Bilimoria KY, McCarter M, Stewart A, Chow WB, Williams R, Ko CY, Bentrem DJ. Room for improvement? The adoption of multimodal esophageal cancer care in the United States. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
78 Background: Consensus guidelines recommend neoadjuvant chemo- or chemoradiation therapy as the preferred treatment for locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma; however, it is unknown if this recommendation has been widely adopted in the U.S. Our objective was to examine esophageal cancer multimodal therapy and identify factors associated with the use of neoadjuvant therapy. Methods: From the National Cancer Data Base, patients with middle third, lower third and GE junction (GEJ) adenocarcinomas were identified. Patients who were clinical stage I-III and underwent surgical resection were included. Separate logistic regression models were developed to identify predictors of neoadjuvant therapy utilization and outcomes. Results: From 1998 to 2007, 8,051 patients underwent surgical resection for esophageal cancer: 16.3% stage I, 45.0% stage II and 38.7% stage III. For stage II/III tumors, neoadjuvant use increased (49.0% to 77.8%, p<0.001). After adjustment, factors associated with underuse of neoadjuvant therapy in stage II/III patients were older age, Black or Hispanic ethnicity, more severe comorbidities, tumor location (GEJ and middle vs. lower third), tumor size ≥ 2cm, stage II (vs. III) and geographic region. Stage II/III patients not receiving neoadjuvant had an over two fold increased risk of positive lymph nodes (OR 2.14. 95% CI 1.79 – 2.55, p<0.001). In addition, the positive surgical margin rate increased almost three fold (OR 2.80 95% CI 2.17-3.62, p<0.001) but 30-day postoperative mortality risk was not significantly affected (OR 1.50 95% CI 0.94-2.39; p=0.090). For stage I patients, neoadjuvant therapy decreased over time (38.0% to 11.4%, p<0.001). The overuse of neoadjuvant therapy was associated with higher tumor grade, larger tumor size, and low surgical case volume (all p<0.05). Conclusions: The adoption of neoadjuvant therapy has increased in the past decade; however, opportunity exists to improve guideline treatment for locally advanced esophageal cancer. Registry-based feedback to individual hospitals, such as benchmark comparison tools, could help institutions provide care in concordance with national guidelines. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. P. Merkow
- Division of Research and Optimal Patient Care, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Colorado Health Science Center, Aurora, CO; Commission on Cancer, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Surgery, Jesse Brown VAMC, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - K. Y. Bilimoria
- Division of Research and Optimal Patient Care, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Colorado Health Science Center, Aurora, CO; Commission on Cancer, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Surgery, Jesse Brown VAMC, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - M. McCarter
- Division of Research and Optimal Patient Care, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Colorado Health Science Center, Aurora, CO; Commission on Cancer, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Surgery, Jesse Brown VAMC, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - A. Stewart
- Division of Research and Optimal Patient Care, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Colorado Health Science Center, Aurora, CO; Commission on Cancer, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Surgery, Jesse Brown VAMC, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - W. B. Chow
- Division of Research and Optimal Patient Care, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Colorado Health Science Center, Aurora, CO; Commission on Cancer, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Surgery, Jesse Brown VAMC, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - R. Williams
- Division of Research and Optimal Patient Care, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Colorado Health Science Center, Aurora, CO; Commission on Cancer, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Surgery, Jesse Brown VAMC, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - C. Y. Ko
- Division of Research and Optimal Patient Care, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Colorado Health Science Center, Aurora, CO; Commission on Cancer, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Surgery, Jesse Brown VAMC, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - D. J. Bentrem
- Division of Research and Optimal Patient Care, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Colorado Health Science Center, Aurora, CO; Commission on Cancer, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Surgery, Jesse Brown VAMC, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Pugh T, Schefter T, Kane M, Eckhardt S, McCarter M, Chen Y, Swing R, Draheim L, Raben D. Phase I Trial of Concurrent Bortezomib, Paclitaxel, and External Beam Radiation in Patients with Unresectable Pancreatic or Billiary Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Baumgartner J, Wilson C, Banerjee A, McCarter M. QS150. Melanoma Induces Functional Defects in Dendritic Cells. J Surg Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2008.11.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Olsen CC, Welsh J, Kavanagh BD, Franklin W, McCarter M, Cardenes HR, Gaspar LE, Schefter TE. Microscopic and macroscopic tumor and parenchymal effects of liver stereotactic body radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008; 73:1414-24. [PMID: 18990508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the histologic and volumetric changes in normal liver tissue after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for liver metastases. METHODS AND MATERIALS Pre- and post-SBRT imaging studies were analyzed to evaluate the effect of SBRT on normal liver volume (NLV) in 15 patients treated in a prospective clinical trial. Two other patients underwent exploratory surgery after SBRT and histologic analyses of the irradiated liver were performed to characterize the pathologic effects of SBRT. RESULTS In the 15 patients studied quantitatively, the total NLV had decreased transiently at 2-3 months after SBRT and then began to regenerate at 3-8 months after SBRT. The median NLV reduction at the maximal observed effect was 315 cm(3) (range, 125-600) or 19% (range, 13-33%). Among the several dosimetric parameters evaluated, the strongest linear correlation was noted for the NLV percentage receiving 30 Gy as a predictor of maximal NLV reduction (r(2) = 0.72). The histologic changes observed 2 and 8 months after SBRT demonstrated distinct zones of tissue injury consistent with localized veno-occlusive disease. CONCLUSION The well-demarcated focal parenchymal changes after liver SBRT (demonstrated both radiographically and histologically) within the high-dose zone are consistent with a threshold dose-induced set of phenomena. In contrast, the more global effect of NLV reduction, which is roughly proportional to whole organ dose parameters, resembles more closely an effect determined from radiobiologically parallel architecture. These observations suggest that modeling of normal tissue effects after liver SBRT might require different governing equations for different classes of effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Olsen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO 80045-000508, USA
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Chen H, Raben D, Schefter T, Kane M, McCarter M, Olsen C, McCoy K, Eckhardt SG, Gumerlock PH. KRAS mutation analysis in patients (pts) with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) treated with gefitinib and chemoradiation therapy (CT-RT) in a phase I trial. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.4106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4106 Background: Correlative studies that incorporate biomarkers to rapidly analyze response to new agents are needed. Unique to pancreatic cancer is the high incidence of KRAS mutations (over 90%). This pilot study evaluated plasma KRAS mutations for disease monitoring in LAPC pts treated on a Phase I trial combining CT-RT with the EGFR inhibitor, gefitinib. Methods: DNA was extracted from plasma of 11 pts collected at 3 timepoints: pre-gefitinib, pre-CT-RT, and post-gefitinib+CT-RT. Matched tissue DNA was obtained from 4 pts with available paraffin blocks. KRAS codon 12 mutations were detected using a two-stage RFLP-PCR assay. Cell line controls: Calu-1 (mutant KRAS) and LNCaP (wild-type KRAS). Mutations were confirmed by direct DNA sequencing. Results were related to pt clinical data. Results: KRAS mutations were detected in the pre-gefitinib plasma of 5/11 pts, and in the matched tumor tissue of 3/4 pts. Of the 5 pts with plasma KRAS mutations, 2 pts with no detectable mutant KRAS in the plasma post-gefitinib+CT-RT had overall survival of 8 and 21 months, whereas 2 pts who retained mutant KRAS had overall survival of only 2 and 5 months, and one pt withdrew early. Of the 3 tumor tissues containing mutant KRAS, the mutations were also detectable in the matched plasma in 2 pts (67%). KRAS codon 12 mutations spectrum: 4 GGT→GAT, 2 GGT→GTT and 1 GGT→AGT. Conclusions: Plasma KRAS mutations are readily detectable in LAPC pts, and the clearance or persistence of plasma KRAS mutations after treatments reflected the clinical course in some cases. The use of plasma KRAS mutation as a marker of survival and response will be further assessed in a recently approved phase I trial using a proteasome inhibitor with chemoradiation at the University of Colorado. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Chen
- UC Davis Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
| | - D. Raben
- UC Davis Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
| | - T. Schefter
- UC Davis Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
| | - M. Kane
- UC Davis Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
| | - M. McCarter
- UC Davis Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
| | - C. Olsen
- UC Davis Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
| | - K. McCoy
- UC Davis Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
| | - S. G. Eckhardt
- UC Davis Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
| | - P. H. Gumerlock
- UC Davis Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA; University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
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Wiktor AJ, Pearlman N, McCarter M. 382 IMPACT OF PREOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY ON LYMPH NODE HARVEST IN RECTAL CARCINOMA. J Investig Med 2006. [DOI: 10.2310/6650.2005.x0004.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Roaten B, Pearlman N, Gonzalez R, Robinson W, Gonzalez R, McCarter M. Predicting complications following sentinel lymph node biopsy for melanoma. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.7536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B. Roaten
- University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO
| | - N. Pearlman
- University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO
| | - R. Gonzalez
- University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO
| | - W. Robinson
- University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO
| | - R. Gonzalez
- University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO
| | - M. McCarter
- University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO
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Gentilini O, Shou J, McCarter M, Daly J. O.67 In vitro glutamine refeeding restores macrophagefunction in malnourished mice. Clin Nutr 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(97)80114-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Ueda H, Cheung YC, Masetti P, Diaco M, McCarter M, Kupiec-Weglinski JW, Tilney NL, Martin M. Synergy between cyclosporine and anti-IL-2 receptor monoclonal antibodies in rats. Functional studies of heart and kidney allografts. Transplantation 1991; 52:437-42. [PMID: 1897014 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199109000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although cyclosporine has improved results of organ transplantation, treatment regimens using multiple agents are being evaluated both experimentally and clinically in attempts to diminish its often profound nephrotoxicity; some therapies act synergistically by differential inhibition of distinct steps of the rejection cascade. The effects on graft function of a full dose or a subclinical dose of CsA, ART-18, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against the IL-2 receptor expressed on activated host cells, and a combination of low-dose CsA and ART-18, have been tested in rat recipients of both heart and kidney allografts. Renal graft function was assessed by several classic techniques; heart function by isolated perfusion methods. Full-dose CsA and combination treatment were most effective in both organ graft systems, with at least one-third of grafts surviving indefinitely. At seven days after transplantation, glomerular filtration rates and renal plasma flow of all grafted recipients were decreased as compared with normal; at 14 days, function in the best treatment groups had improved toward that of isografts. Similarly, cardiac output and stroke work index of best treatment groups were comparable to that of isografts. These functional studies complement previously reported immunological and immunohistological findings stressing that synergy occurs between subclinical doses of CsA and anti-IL-2-R mAb in two rat organ graft systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ueda
- Surgical Research Laboratory, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Stauffer RW, McCarter M, Campbell JL, Wheeler LF. Comparison of metabolic responses of United States Military Academy men and women in acute military load bearing. Aviat Space Environ Med 1987; 58:1047-56. [PMID: 3689268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-four first year United States Military Academy (USMA) men and women were studied to compare metabolic response differences in seven horizontal walking velocities, under three military load bearing conditions. The treadmill protocol consisted of walking or jogging on a horizontal treadmill surface for 3-min intervals at velocities of 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, and 6 mph. The three military load bearing conditions weighed 5, 12, and 20 kg. Metabolic measurements taken at each speed in each of the military load bearing conditions were: minute volume, tidal volume, respiratory rate, absolute and relative to body weight oxygen consumption, and respiratory quotient. Two three-way analyses of variance for repeated measures tests with main effects of gender, military load, and speed revealed that USMA men and women metabolically respond to different military load bearing conditions; they metabolically respond to different walking and jogging velocities under military load bearing conditions; and they have identifiable and quantifiable metabolic response differences to military load bearing. This study was designed to improve USMA physical and military training programs by providing information to equally and uniformly administer the USMA Doctrine of Comparable Training to men and women alike; and additionally to clarify the "...minimal essential adjustments...required because of physiological differences between male and female individuals ..." portion of Public Law 94-106 providing for the admission of women to America's Service Academies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Stauffer
- Exercise Science Laboratory, United States Military Academy, West Point, New York 10996
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