Acute interstitial nephritis induced by intermittent use of rifampicin in patient with brucellosis

Acute oliguric renal failure (ARF) developed in a patient 2 days after she was started on intermittent anti-Brucella therapy including rifampicin. The clinical picture was compatible with acute allergic interstitial nephritis. Renal histology revealed mainly acute tubular necrosis with mild tubulo-interstitial mononuclear cellular infiltrate. Intermittent therapy, as in our patient, has been the major factor in the development of rifampicin induced ARF in cases reviewed in literature.

Epidemiologic shift in the prevalence of Hepatitis A virus in Saudi Arabia: A case for routine Hepatitis A vaccination

This study aims to determine the seroprevalence of Hepatitis A among a selected group of Saudi children and thus, identify the best immunization strategy. A school-based seroprevalence study in children 4-18 years of age attending the National Guard schools was done. Of the 25,531 children attending the National Guard schools, 2399 (10%) were randomly selected through a stratified one-stage cluster survey. The overall prevalence of HAV-IgG was 28.9%. The prevalence was almost the same in male and female (28.2% versus 29.5%, respectively). There was a gradual increase in the HAV-IgG with 7% in children (< 8 years), 14% (8-11 years), 30% (12-15 years), and 52% (> 16 years) of age. Since a substantial proportion of this pediatric population confirms a continuing decrease in anti-HAV seroconversion rates, we recommend including Hepatitis A in the schedule of routine childhood vaccinations.