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Grasset EK, Chorny A, Casas-Recasens S, Gutzeit C, Bongers G, Thomsen I, Chen L, He Z, Matthews DB, Oropallo MA, Veeramreddy P, Uzzan M, Mortha A, Carrillo J, Reis BS, Ramanujam M, Sintes J, Magri G, Maglione PJ, Cunningham-Rundles C, Bram RJ, Faith J, Mehandru S, Pabst O, Cerutti A. Gut T cell-independent IgA responses to commensal bacteria require engagement of the TACI receptor on B cells. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:eaat7117. [PMID: 32737068 PMCID: PMC8349226 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aat7117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The gut mounts secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) responses to commensal bacteria through nonredundant T cell-dependent (TD) and T cell-independent (TI) pathways that promote the establishment of mutualistic host-microbiota interactions. SIgAs from the TD pathway target penetrant bacteria, and their induction requires engagement of CD40 on B cells by CD40 ligand on T follicular helper cells. In contrast, SIgAs from the TI pathway bind a larger spectrum of bacteria, but the mechanism underpinning their production remains elusive. Here, we show that the intestinal TI pathway required CD40-independent B cell-activating signals from TACI, a receptor for the innate CD40 ligand-like factors BAFF and APRIL. TACI-induced SIgA responses targeted a fraction of the gut microbiota without shaping its overall composition. Of note, TACI was dispensable for TD induction of IgA in gut-associated lymphoid organs. Thus, BAFF/APRIL signals acting on TACI orchestrate commensal bacteria-specific SIgA responses through an intestinal TI program.
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Affiliation(s)
- E K Grasset
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Chorny
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - S Casas-Recasens
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - C Gutzeit
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | - I Thomsen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Aachen University, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - L Chen
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Z He
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - D B Matthews
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - M A Oropallo
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - P Veeramreddy
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - M Uzzan
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - A Mortha
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - J Carrillo
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- IrsiCaixa, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona 08916, Spain
| | - B S Reis
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - M Ramanujam
- Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT 06877, USA
| | - J Sintes
- Program for Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - G Magri
- Program for Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - P J Maglione
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - C Cunningham-Rundles
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - R J Bram
- Departments of Pediatrics and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - J Faith
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - S Mehandru
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - O Pabst
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Aachen University, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - A Cerutti
- Department of Medicine, Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
- Program for Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona 08003, Spain
- Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona 08003, Spain
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Chalmers S, Doerner J, Bosanac T, Khalil S, Smith D, Harcken C, Dimock J, Der E, Herlitz L, Webb D, Seccareccia E, Feng D, Fine J, Ramanujam M, Klein E, Putterman C. OP0164 Blockade of Immune Complex-Mediated Glomerulonephritis by Highly Selective Inhibition of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.3649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Ralph K, Nicoletti A, Musvasva E, Cannan S, VanTongeren S, Blanset D, Brodeur S, Ahlberg J, Li H, Fogal S, Desai S, O'Shea K, Kroe-Barrett R, Mainolfi E, Nabozny G, Wu H, Hansen G, Canada K, Singh S, Zhu X, Ramanujam M, Grimaldi C. THU0407 Preclinical Characterization of a Highly Selective and Potent Antagonistic Anti-CD40 mAb. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Abstract
Antibodies to dsDNA are specific to SLE and are pathogenic, both due to their ability to deposit in tissues through a variety of mechanisms, and to their ability, when present in immune complexes, to activate inflammatory cells. The relationship of serum anti-dsDNA antibody levels to disease activity is a complex one and the factors that determine whether or not such antibodies will be pathogenic in an individual SLE patient are incompletely understood. Although anti-dsDNA antibodies can be made by naïve B cells and B cells belonging to the B1 and marginal zone subsets, pathogenic anti-dsDNA antibodies have the hallmarks of germinal center development and exposure to T cell help, including accumulation of somatic mutations and class switching to the IgG isotype. Epitope spreading may result in aquisition of cross-reactivities with multiple target organ antigens and aquisition of a memory phenotype will allow these B cells to acquire antigen presentation functions that amplify the autoreactive response. In the early stages of disease, or after remission induction protocols, autoreactive B cells may be susceptible to treatments that target T cell costimulation or that deplete or tolerize naïve and mature B cells. Therapeutic approaches targeting innate immune responses or regulatory T cells are starting to be tested in pre-clinical models. In later disease stages, memory and plasma cell accumulation may render patients more resistant to this type of therapeutic approach. Deposition of anti-dsDNA antibodies in target tissues can stimulate an inflammatory cascade that leads to tissue damage. A number of murine models have now been developed that show that interruption of this cascade can prevent or reverse such damage. This type of approach may be beneficial for individuals with established disease. As we learn more about the specific defects that cause SLE, it may become possible to individualize therapy based on patient specific biologic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Schiffer
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
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Nakhasi HL, Ramanujam M, Atreya CD, Hobman TC, Lee N, Esmaili A, Duncan RC. Rubella virus glycoprotein interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum calreticulin and calnexin. Arch Virol 2001; 146:1-14. [PMID: 11266204 DOI: 10.1007/s007050170186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Very little is known about the cellular factors that are required for the maturation of rubella virus glycoproteins (E2 and E1) in the endoplasmic reticulum of the infected cell. In the present study, we established the interaction of the ER chaperone proteins, calreticulin and calnexin, with the RV E1 and E2 proteins in cells stably expressing the viral proteins. The interaction between E2 and calnexin was significantly higher than with calreticulin. In pulse-chase experiments, the half-life of the E2-calnexin was >45 min, whereas the half-life of the calreticulin-E2 interaction was approximately 10 min. Tunicamycin and castanospermine treatments altered the mobilities of intracellular E1 and E2, due to either lack of oligosaccharide ligand addition or trimming of terminal glucose residues, respectively. Further, the drug treatments resulted in a loss of E1 and E2 interaction with calreticulin or calnexin, thereby demonstrating that the interaction is through monoglucosylated forms of RV proteins. These studies suggest that the interaction of RV glycoproteins with the ER chaperone proteins is essential for their maturation in the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Nakhasi
- Laboratory of Parasitic Biology and Biochemistry, Division of Allergenic Products and Parasitology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Prasad KN, Sinha PK, Ramanujam M, Sakamoto A. Sodium ascorbate potentiates the growth inhibitory effect of certain agents on neuroblastoma cells in culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1979; 76:829-32. [PMID: 284405 PMCID: PMC383064 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.76.2.829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse neuroblastoma (NB) cells in culture were more sensitive to sodium L-ascorbate than were rat glioma cells by the criterion of growth inhibition (due to cell death and reduction in cell division). Sodium L-ascorbate at nonlethal concentrations potentiated the effect of 5-fluorouracil (FUra), x-irradiation, bleomycin, RO20-1724, prostaglandin E1, and sodium butyrate on NB cells but did not produce such an effect on glioma cells. Sodium L-ascorbate did not enhance the effect of vincristine, 6-thioguanine, or 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) except at higher drug doses and it reduced the cytotoxic effect of methotrexate and 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)-imidazole-4-carboxamide (DTIC) on NB cells. Sodium D-ascorbate produced effects similar to those produced by sodium L-ascorbate on NB cells. L-Ascorbic acid-2-sulfate (barium salt) affected neither the growth rate nor the effect of 5-FUra on NB cells. Glutathione, a reducing agent, was more toxic to NB cells in comparison to D- OR L-ascorbate; however, at a similar concentration it failed to potentiate the effect of 5-FUra on NB cells.
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