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Langer L, Clark L, Gress J, Patt D, Denduluri N, Wang Y, Andersen J, Solti M, Wheeler A, Delamelena T, Smith JW, Sandbach J. Abstract P4-11-04: A Structured Genetic Risk Evaluation and Testing Program in the Community Oncology Practice Increases Identification of Individuals at Risk for BRCA Mutations. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p4-11-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Genetic risk assessment is an important component of the care of the community oncology breast cancer patient. However, identification of at-risk patients is largely an ad-hoc process and practices lack a systematic approach to genetic risk evaluation. The US Oncology Network Genetic Risk Evaluation and Testing (USON GREAT) Program provides a structured approach to implementation of genetic risk evaluation, testing, and triage for appropriate intervention.
Methods: In 2009, our multi-disciplinary community oncology practice implemented the USON GREAT Program. The practice's program has a single dedicated nurse practitioner and physician lead, trained in part through a core educational curriculum and utilizing US Oncology Network-wide genetics resources (web-based MD, midlevel, and genetic counselor conferencing; discussion Portal; published guidelines and office procedures). NCCN guidelines were used to guide testing recommendations. Sequential risk evaluations were documented prospectively. We retrospectively analyzed how evaluation patterns changed over a 4 year time period. We also sought to capture descriptive characteristics of the evaluated population.
Results: Overall, between 2008 and 2011, our practice evaluated 1018 patients at potential risk for a BRCA mutation (mut), based on personal history of breast cancer under age 50; ovarian, fallopian or peritoneal cancer; known family history of malignancy; or known BRCA mutation in the family.
In 2008, 6% of potential at-risk individuals were identified vs 35% in 2011. NCCN guideline exclusions for BRCA testing in invasive breast cancer were 8% in 2008 and 3% in 2010.
150 deleterious mut and variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were identified. There was an 14.7% overall identification rate for BRCA1/2 (B1, B2) mut and VUS. Among mut and VUS identified by cancer type, B1 mut was more commonly identified in patients with a gynecologic malignancy (53% B1 vs 30% B2, 17% VUS); mut in invasive breast cancer were more likely to be in B2 (42% B2 vs 32% B1, 26% VUS). 7% of all tests for individuals with malignancy were declined or cancelled due to insurance or finances, vs 37% for unaffecteds, despite their high risk of mutation carrier status.
Conclusions: We report a single practice's four-year experience with implementation of the USON GREAT Program. The results from this experience demonstrate that the USON GREAT Program results in higher rates of identification of at-risk individuals, and promotes more appropriate guidelines-based testing in the community oncology setting. The relative frequency of BRCA2 vs BRCA1 in invasive breast cancer is of unclear significance at this time and warrants further analysis. Cost of testing remains a barrier to appropriate utilization.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-11-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Langer
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; Texas Oncology, Austin, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Arlington, VA; McKesson Specialty Health/The US Oncology Network, The Woodlands, TX
| | - L Clark
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; Texas Oncology, Austin, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Arlington, VA; McKesson Specialty Health/The US Oncology Network, The Woodlands, TX
| | - J Gress
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; Texas Oncology, Austin, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Arlington, VA; McKesson Specialty Health/The US Oncology Network, The Woodlands, TX
| | - D Patt
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; Texas Oncology, Austin, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Arlington, VA; McKesson Specialty Health/The US Oncology Network, The Woodlands, TX
| | - N Denduluri
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; Texas Oncology, Austin, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Arlington, VA; McKesson Specialty Health/The US Oncology Network, The Woodlands, TX
| | - Y Wang
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; Texas Oncology, Austin, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Arlington, VA; McKesson Specialty Health/The US Oncology Network, The Woodlands, TX
| | - J Andersen
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; Texas Oncology, Austin, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Arlington, VA; McKesson Specialty Health/The US Oncology Network, The Woodlands, TX
| | - M Solti
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; Texas Oncology, Austin, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Arlington, VA; McKesson Specialty Health/The US Oncology Network, The Woodlands, TX
| | - A Wheeler
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; Texas Oncology, Austin, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Arlington, VA; McKesson Specialty Health/The US Oncology Network, The Woodlands, TX
| | - T Delamelena
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; Texas Oncology, Austin, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Arlington, VA; McKesson Specialty Health/The US Oncology Network, The Woodlands, TX
| | - JW Smith
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; Texas Oncology, Austin, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Arlington, VA; McKesson Specialty Health/The US Oncology Network, The Woodlands, TX
| | - J Sandbach
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; Texas Oncology, Austin, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Arlington, VA; McKesson Specialty Health/The US Oncology Network, The Woodlands, TX
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Schlossberg HR, Solti M, Berd D, Mastrangelo MJ, Sato T. Low-dose thalidomide and interferon alpha-2b in patients with metastatic melanoma: The final results of a pilot study. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.7571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Solti
- Thomas Jefferson Univ Hosp, Philadelphia, PA
| | - D. Berd
- Thomas Jefferson Univ Hosp, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - T. Sato
- Thomas Jefferson Univ Hosp, Philadelphia, PA
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Sziráki I, Kardos V, Patthy M, Pátfalusi M, Gaál J, Solti M, Kollár E, Singer J. Amphetamine-metabolites of deprenyl involved in protection against neurotoxicity induced by MPTP and 2'-methyl-MPTP. J Neural Transm Suppl 1994; 41:207-19. [PMID: 7931228 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9324-2_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The ability of 1-deprenyl to protect against the parkinsonian effects of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) has been attributed to the inhibition of conversion of MPTP to MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) catalyzed by MAO-B. We report here that deprenyl-treatment in mice has an additional neuroprotective element associated with the rapid metabolization of 1-deprenyl to 1-methamphetamine and 1-amphetamine. 1-Methamphetamine and 1-amphetamine inhibit MPP(+)-uptake into striatal synaptosomes prepared from rats. Post-treatment by 1-deprenyl, 1-methamphetamine, 1-amphetamine (at times when MPTP is no longer present in the striatum of mice) protects against neurotoxicity in C57BL mice by blocking the uptake of MPP+ into dopaminergic neurons, and even against the neurotoxicity induced by 2'CH3-MPTP, which is partly bioactivated by MAO-A. These findings may have clinical implications since deprenyl has recently been found to delay the progression of Parkinson's disease.
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MESH Headings
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/analogs & derivatives
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/antagonists & inhibitors
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/pharmacology
- Amphetamines/metabolism
- Animals
- Corpus Striatum/metabolism
- Dopamine Antagonists/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Monoamine Oxidase/metabolism
- Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Neurotoxins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Pargyline/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Strains
- Selegiline/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- I Sziráki
- Institute for Drug Research, Budapest, Hungary
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Orosz F, Telegdi M, Liliom K, Solti M, Korbonits D, Ovádi J. Dissimilar mechanisms of action of anticalmodulin drugs: quantitative analysis. Mol Pharmacol 1990; 38:910-6. [PMID: 2147457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel molecule from the arylalkylamine family of drugs, KHL-8430, has been identified as a potent and specific inhibitor of calmodulin activity. The effect of this drug on calmodulin-mediated enzymatic actions has been analyzed to exemplify how to model the mechanism of action of a functional calmodulin antagonist. The approach used includes both binding and enzyme kinetic studies. In both types of experiments, the effects of drugs on calmodulin-phosphofructokinase [ATP:D[fructose-6-phosphate-1-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.11] and calmodulin-phosphodiesterase (3':5' cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase, EC 3.6.1.3) interactions have been investigated. We have found that KHL-8430, in contrast to trifluoperazine, a classical anticalmodulin drug, competes with neither phosphofructokinase nor phosphodiesterase for calmodulin binding, yet it liberates phosphofructokinase from calmodulin inhibition and phosphodiesterase from calmodulin stimulation. The anticalmodulin activity occurs at lower KHL-8430 than trifluoperazine concentrations. These findings might establish the functional importance of these differences in the specificity of these drugs. The synthesis of the data suggests that (i) whereas trifluoperazine antagonizes both phosphofructokinase and phosphodiesterase binding to calmodulin, KHL-8430 interacts with calmodulin complexed with enzymes; (ii) KHL-8430 binds to the calmodulin-phosphofructokinase complex with an affinity constant of 0.8 microM, whereas the binding constant of trifluoperazine is 2.5 microM (iii) within the ternary complex the dimeric form of the kinase preserves activity that is otherwise inactive; and (iv) the binding of trifluoperazine and KHL-8430 to calmodulin exhibits negative cooperativity. The approach used in this study makes it possible to screen for the calmodulin antagonist effect of other drugs as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Orosz
- Institute of Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest
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Iverfeldt K, Solti M, Bartfai T. Substance P and neurokinin A, two coexisting tachykinins stimulating the release of [3H]5-HT from rat cerebral cortical slices. Brain Res 1990; 506:335-8. [PMID: 1689200 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(90)91275-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA), two coexisting neuropeptides of the tachykinin family, stimulated the basal (5 mM K+) and evoked (40 mM K+) release of [3H]5-HT (5-hydroxytryptamine) from tissue slices of the rat cerebral cortex. Spantide ([DArg1,-DTrp7,9,Leu11]SP; 10(-5) M) inhibited the effects of SP but potentiated the effects of NKA. The effects of SP and NKA appear to be exerted at distinct receptors but involve a common post-receptor mechanism as no full additivity of the SP- and NKA-mediated stimulation of [3H]5-HT could be observed. The effects of the 3 tachykinins, SP, NKA and NKB, are compared with respect to stimulation of the release of [3H]5-HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Iverfeldt
- Department of Biochemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, University of Stockholm, Sweden
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