Expression and Content of Protein LC3B in Gastric Cancer Tissue, Relationship with Expression of mTOR, AMPK in Gastric Cancer Tissue and HER2 and PD-L1 Status of the Tumor

Analysis of HER2 status of the tumor and expression of mTOR, AMPK showed a decrease in mTOR mRNA level in HER2⁺ tumors in comparison with HER- status. The appearance of PD-L1⁺ transformed cells in the tumor was associated with increased expression of the LC3B gene and elevated content of the corresponding protein measured after treatment.

AKT/mTOR Signal Cascade and Expression of PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 in Gastric Cancer

The peculiarities of gastric cancer development associated with the expression levels of components of the AKT/mTOR signaling cascade and PD, PD-L1, PD-L2 have not yet been identified. We revealed the fundamental changes in the expression AKT/mTOR and PD receptors and their ligands associated with dissemination of gastric cancer. An increase in the mRNA level of all components of this cascade was demonstrated. The expression of mTOR and AKT decreased against the background of enhanced expression of PTEN phosphatase. The increase in the expression of PD-1 receptors and PD-L1 and PD-L2 ligands was most pronounced in patients with distant metastases.

Effect of the chemical structure of an equatorial ligand on the spin crossover properties of the Fe(III) complex with 4-styrylpyridine axial ligands

In order to study the effect of the chemical structure of the equatorial ligand on the spin state of the Fe(iii) ion in complexes with invariable photoisomerizable 4-styrylpyridine axial ligands and different tetradentate Schiff bases, several new Fe(iii) complexes have been first synthesized, characterized, and studied by UV-vis, NMR, and EPR spectroscopies. The general chemical formula of the complexes is [Fe(SB)Sp₂]BPh₄·MeOH, where Sp is trans-4-styrylpyridine and SB are dianions of Schiff bases: salen, bzacen, and acen [salen = N,N'-ethylenebis(salicylaldimine) 1, acen = N,N'-ethylenebis(acetylacetonylideneimine) 2, and H₂bzacen = N,N'-ethylenebis(benzoylacetonylideneimine) 3]. The results of the EPR and NMR measurements of the complexes both in the solid state and in solutions showed that the more methyl groups and less aromatic rings in the equatorial ligand, the more abrupt spin-crossover was observed in the complex. The dependence of the magnetic properties of the complexes on the state of matter and the presence of a solvent (powder, liquid solutions, and vitrified solutions) are noted.

[Current approaches to diagnosing and treating eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: The 2015 international guidelines]

The 2015 international guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, formerly known as the Churg-Strauss syndrome, are detailed and an attempt is made to expand an evidence base, by attracting more recent available publications. The new guidelines should not be regarded as final standards; these are primarily to extend the possibilities of choosing a personified management strategy for patients with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis and to serve as the starting point for further in-depth investigations.