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Dufresne SKY, Zhdanovich S, Michiardi M, Guislain BG, Zonno M, Mazzotti V, O'Brien L, Kung S, Levy G, Mills AK, Boschini F, Jones DJ, Damascelli A. A versatile laser-based apparatus for time-resolved ARPES with micro-scale spatial resolution. Rev Sci Instrum 2024; 95:033907. [PMID: 38517258 DOI: 10.1063/5.0176170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
We present the development of a versatile apparatus for 6.2 eV laser-based time and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with micrometer spatial resolution (time-resolved μ-ARPES). With a combination of tunable spatial resolution down to ∼11 μm, high energy resolution (∼11 meV), near-transform-limited temporal resolution (∼280 fs), and tunable 1.55 eV pump fluence up to 3 mJ/cm2, this time-resolved μ-ARPES system enables the measurement of ultrafast electron dynamics in exfoliated and inhomogeneous materials. We demonstrate the performance of our system by correlating the spectral broadening of the topological surface state of Bi2Se3 with the spatial dimension of the probe pulse, as well as resolving the spatial inhomogeneity contribution to the observed spectral broadening. Finally, after in situ exfoliation, we performed time-resolved μ-ARPES on a ∼30 μm flake of transition metal dichalcogenide WTe2, thus demonstrating the ability to access ultrafast electron dynamics with momentum resolution on micro-exfoliated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Y Dufresne
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - S Zhdanovich
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - M Michiardi
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - B G Guislain
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - M Zonno
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - V Mazzotti
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - L O'Brien
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - S Kung
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - G Levy
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - A K Mills
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - F Boschini
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - D J Jones
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - A Damascelli
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Nigge P, Qu AC, Lantagne-Hurtubise É, Mårsell E, Link S, Tom G, Zonno M, Michiardi M, Schneider M, Zhdanovich S, Levy G, Starke U, Gutiérrez C, Bonn D, Burke SA, Franz M, Damascelli A. Room temperature strain-induced Landau levels in graphene on a wafer-scale platform. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaaw5593. [PMID: 31723598 PMCID: PMC6839937 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw5593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a powerful playground for studying a plethora of quantum phenomena. One of the remarkable properties of graphene arises when it is strained in particular geometries and the electrons behave as if they were under the influence of a magnetic field. Previously, these strain-induced pseudomagnetic fields have been explored on the nano- and micrometer-scale using scanning probe and transport measurements. Heteroepitaxial strain, in contrast, is a wafer-scale engineering method. Here, we show that pseudomagnetic fields can be generated in graphene through wafer-scale epitaxial growth. Shallow triangular nanoprisms in the SiC substrate generate strain-induced uniform fields of 41 T, enabling the observation of strain-induced Landau levels at room temperature, as detected by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, and confirmed by model calculations and scanning tunneling microscopy measurements. Our work demonstrates the feasibility of exploiting strain-induced quantum phases in two-dimensional Dirac materials on a wafer-scale platform, opening the field to new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Nigge
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - A. C. Qu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - É. Lantagne-Hurtubise
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - E. Mårsell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Division of Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 516, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S. Link
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - G. Tom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - M. Zonno
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - M. Michiardi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - M. Schneider
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - S. Zhdanovich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - G. Levy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - U. Starke
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - C. Gutiérrez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - D. Bonn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - S. A. Burke
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Corresponding author. (S.A.B.); (M.F.); (A.D.)
| | - M. Franz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Corresponding author. (S.A.B.); (M.F.); (A.D.)
| | - A. Damascelli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Corresponding author. (S.A.B.); (M.F.); (A.D.)
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Day RP, Levy G, Michiardi M, Zwartsenberg B, Zonno M, Ji F, Razzoli E, Boschini F, Chi S, Liang R, Das PK, Vobornik I, Fujii J, Hardy WN, Bonn DA, Elfimov IS, Damascelli A. Influence of Spin-Orbit Coupling in Iron-Based Superconductors. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:076401. [PMID: 30169095 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.076401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on the influence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in Fe-based superconductors via application of circularly polarized spin and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We combine this technique in representative members of both the Fe-pnictides (LiFeAs) and Fe-chalcogenides (FeSe) with tight-binding calculations to establish an ubiquitous modification of the electronic structure in these materials imbued by SOC. At low energy, the influence of SOC is found to be concentrated on the hole pockets, where the largest superconducting gaps are typically found. This effect varies substantively with the k_{z} dispersion, and in FeSe we find SOC to be comparable to the energy scale of orbital order. These results contest descriptions of superconductivity in these materials in terms of pure spin-singlet eigenstates, raising questions regarding the possible pairing mechanisms and role of SOC therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Day
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - G Levy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - M Michiardi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - B Zwartsenberg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - M Zonno
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - F Ji
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - E Razzoli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - F Boschini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - S Chi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - R Liang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - P K Das
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Area Science Park, S.S.14, Km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
- International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Strada Costiera 11, I-34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - I Vobornik
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Area Science Park, S.S.14, Km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - J Fujii
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Area Science Park, S.S.14, Km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - W N Hardy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - D A Bonn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - I S Elfimov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - A Damascelli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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4
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Boschini F, da Silva Neto EH, Razzoli E, Zonno M, Peli S, Day RP, Michiardi M, Schneider M, Zwartsenberg B, Nigge P, Zhong RD, Schneeloch J, Gu GD, Zhdanovich S, Mills AK, Levy G, Jones DJ, Giannetti C, Damascelli A. Collapse of superconductivity in cuprates via ultrafast quenching of phase coherence. Nat Mater 2018; 17:416-420. [PMID: 29610487 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-018-0045-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of driving phase transitions in low-density condensates through the loss of phase coherence alone has far-reaching implications for the study of quantum phases of matter. This has inspired the development of tools to control and explore the collective properties of condensate phases via phase fluctuations. Electrically gated oxide interfaces1,2, ultracold Fermi atoms3,4 and cuprate superconductors5,6, which are characterized by an intrinsically small phase stiffness, are paradigmatic examples where these tools are having a dramatic impact. Here we use light pulses shorter than the internal thermalization time to drive and probe the phase fragility of the Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ cuprate superconductor, completely melting the superconducting condensate without affecting the pairing strength. The resulting ultrafast dynamics of phase fluctuations and charge excitations are captured and disentangled by time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. This work demonstrates the dominant role of phase coherence in the superconductor-to-normal state phase transition and offers a benchmark for non-equilibrium spectroscopic investigations of the cuprate phase diagram.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Boschini
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - E H da Silva Neto
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - E Razzoli
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Zonno
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S Peli
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics (ILAMP), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia, Italy
| | - R P Day
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M Michiardi
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Schneider
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - B Zwartsenberg
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - P Nigge
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - R D Zhong
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - J Schneeloch
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - G D Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - S Zhdanovich
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A K Mills
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - G Levy
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - D J Jones
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C Giannetti
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics (ILAMP), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Damascelli
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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