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Springer PE, Slogrove AL, Kidd M, Kalk E, Bettinger JA, Esser MM, Cotton MF, Zunza M, Molteno CD, Kruger M. Neurodevelopmental and behavioural outcomes of HIV-exposed uninfected and HIV-unexposed children at 2-3 years of age in Cape Town, South Africa. AIDS Care 2019; 32:411-419. [PMID: 31280587 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2019.1637506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Successful vertical HIV transmission prevention programmes (VTP) have resulted in an expanding population of HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants whose growth, health and neurodevelopmental outcomes could have consequences for future resource allocation. We compared neurodevelopmental and behavioural outcomes in a prospective cohort of 2-3 year old HEU and HIV-unexposed uninfected (HU) children.Women living with and without HIV and their infants were enrolled within three days of birth from a low-risk midwife obstetric unit in Cape Town, South Africa during 2012 and 2013, under WHO Option A VTP guidelines. HIV-uninfected children aged 30-42 months were assessed using the Bayley scales of Infant Development-Third edition (BSID) and Strengths and Difficulties questionnaire (SDQ).Thirty-two HEU and 27 HU children (mean birth weight 3048g vs 3096g) were assessed. HEU children performed as well as HU children on BSID cognitive, language and motor domains. Mean scores fell within the low average range. Mothers of HEU children reported fewer conduct problems but stunting was associated with increased total difficulties on the SDQ.HEU and HU children's performance on the BSID was similar. In this low-risk cohort, HIV exposure did not confer additional risk. Stunting was associated with increased behavioural problems irrespective of HIV exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- P E Springer
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health and Tygerberg Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A L Slogrove
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health and Tygerberg Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.,Ukwanda Centre for Rural Health, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - M Kidd
- Centre for Statistical Consultation, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - E Kalk
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology & Research, School of Public Health & Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - J A Bettinger
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - M M Esser
- Immunology Unit, Medical Microbiology, National Health Laboratory Service Tygerberg, Department of Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M F Cotton
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health and Tygerberg Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.,Family Clinical Research Unit, Tygerberg Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M Zunza
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C D Molteno
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M Kruger
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health and Tygerberg Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Zunza M, Esser M, Bettinger JA, Cotton MF. Factors Associated with HIV-infected Mothers' Perceptions of and Reactions to, Infant Feeding Choices in South Africa. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv096.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Zunza M, Theron GB, Harvey C. Compliance with infant formula feeding by HIV-positive women one week after delivery in Khayelitsha, South Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10158782.2011.11441467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Zunza
- Department of Interdisciplinary Science, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - G B Theron
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - C Harvey
- Centre for Statistical Consultation, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
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