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Gorman TT, Scarborough TD, Abanador PM, Mauger F, Kiesewetter D, Sándor P, Khatri S, Lopata K, Schafer KJ, Agostini P, Gaarde MB, DiMauro LF. Probing the interplay between geometric and electronic-structure features via high-harmonic spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:184308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5086036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. T. Gorman
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - T. D. Scarborough
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - P. M. Abanador
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - F. Mauger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - D. Kiesewetter
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - P. Sándor
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - S. Khatri
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - K. Lopata
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K. J. Schafer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - P. Agostini
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - M. B. Gaarde
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - L. F. DiMauro
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Beaulieu S, Camp S, Descamps D, Comby A, Wanie V, Petit S, Légaré F, Schafer KJ, Gaarde MB, Catoire F, Mairesse Y. Role of Excited States In High-order Harmonic Generation. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:203001. [PMID: 27886492 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.203001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the role of excited states in high-order harmonic generation by studying the spectral, spatial, and temporal characteristics of the radiation produced near the ionization threshold of argon by few-cycle laser pulses. We show that the population of excited states can lead either to direct extreme ultraviolet emission through free induction decay or to the generation of high-order harmonics through ionization from these states and recombination to the ground state. By using the attosecond lighthouse technique, we demonstrate that the high-harmonic emission from excited states is temporally delayed by a few femtoseconds compared to the usual harmonics, leading to a strong nonadiabatic spectral redshift.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Beaulieu
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre EMT, J3X1S2 Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| | - S Camp
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4001, USA
| | - D Descamps
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - A Comby
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - V Wanie
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre EMT, J3X1S2 Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| | - S Petit
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - F Légaré
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre EMT, J3X1S2 Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| | - K J Schafer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4001, USA
| | - M B Gaarde
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4001, USA
| | - F Catoire
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - Y Mairesse
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
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Schoun SB, Chirla R, Wheeler J, Roedig C, Agostini P, DiMauro LF, Schafer KJ, Gaarde MB. Attosecond pulse shaping around a Cooper minimum. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:153001. [PMID: 24785035 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.153001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
High harmonic generation (HHG) is used to measure the spectral phase of the recombination dipole matrix element (RDM) in argon over a broad frequency range that includes the 3p Cooper minimum (CM). The measured RDM phase agrees well with predictions based on the scattering phases and amplitudes of the interfering s- and d-channel contributions to the complementary photoionization process. The reconstructed attosecond bursts that underlie the HHG process show that the derivative of the RDM spectral phase, the group delay, does not have a straightforward interpretation as an emission time, in contrast to the usual attochirp group delay. Instead, the rapid RDM phase variation caused by the CM reshapes the attosecond bursts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Schoun
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - R Chirla
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J Wheeler
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - C Roedig
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - P Agostini
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - L F DiMauro
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - K J Schafer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - M B Gaarde
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
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Farrell JP, Spector LS, Gaarde MB, McFarland BK, Bucksbaum PH, Gühr M. Strongly dispersive transient Bragg grating for high harmonics. Opt Lett 2010; 35:2028-2030. [PMID: 20548375 DOI: 10.1364/ol.35.002028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We create a transient Bragg grating in a high-harmonic generation medium using two counterpropagating pulses. The Bragg grating disperses the harmonics in angle and can diffract a large bandwidth with temporal resolution limited only by the source size.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Farrell
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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Mansten E, Dahlström JM, Mauritsson J, Ruchon T, L'huillier A, Tate J, Gaarde MB, Eckle P, Guandalini A, Holler M, Schapper F, Gallmann L, Keller U. Spectral signature of short attosecond pulse trains. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:083002. [PMID: 19257735 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.083002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report experimental measurements of high-order harmonic spectra generated in Ar using a carrier-envelope-offset (CEO) stabilized 12 fs, 800 nm laser field and a fraction (less than 10%) of its second harmonic. Additional spectral peaks are observed between the harmonic peaks, which are due to interferences between multiple pulses in the train. The position of these peaks varies with the CEO and their number is directly related to the number of pulses in the train. An analytical model, as well as numerical simulations, support our interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mansten
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P. O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Mauritsson J, Johnsson P, Gustafsson E, L'Huillier A, Schafer KJ, Gaarde MB. Attosecond pulse trains generated using two color laser fields. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:013001. [PMID: 16907370 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.013001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the spectral and temporal structure of high harmonic emission from argon exposed to an infrared laser field and its second harmonic. For a wide range of generating conditions, trains of attosecond pulses with only one pulse per infrared cycle are generated. The synchronization necessary for producing such trains ensures that they have a stable pulse-to-pulse carrier envelope phase, unlike trains generated from one color fields, which have two pulses per cycle and a pi phase shift between consecutive pulses. Our experiment extends the generation of phase stabilized few cycle pulses to the extreme ultraviolet regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mauritsson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4001, USA
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Johnsson P, López-Martens R, Kazamias S, Mauritsson J, Valentin C, Remetter T, Varjú K, Gaarde MB, Mairesse Y, Wabnitz H, Salières P, Balcou P, Schafer KJ, L'Huillier A. Attosecond electron wave packet dynamics in strong laser fields. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:013001. [PMID: 16090610 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.013001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2004] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We use a train of sub-200 attosecond extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses with energies just above the ionization threshold in argon to create a train of temporally localized electron wave packets. We study the energy transfer from a strong infrared (IR) laser field to the ionized electrons as a function of the delay between the XUV and IR fields. When the wave packets are born at the zero crossings of the IR field, a significant amount of energy (approximately 20 eV) is transferred from the field to the electrons. This results in dramatically enhanced above-threshold ionization in conditions where the IR field alone does not induce any significant ionization. Because both the energy and duration of the wave packets can be varied independently of the IR laser, they are valuable tools for studying and controlling strong-field processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Johnsson
- Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Norin J, Mauritsson J, Johansson A, Raarup MK, Buil S, Persson A, Dühr O, Gaarde MB, Schafer KJ, Keller U, Wahlström CG, L'Huillier A. Time-frequency characterization of femtosecond extreme ultraviolet pulses. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:193901. [PMID: 12005632 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.193901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2001] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We present energy-resolved cross-correlation measurements of an extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulse, generated as the fifth harmonic (15.5 eV) of an intense 80 fs laser pulse centered at 400 nm. Spectrally resolving the cross-correlation signal allows us to characterize the time-dependent frequency of the XUV pulse. We find that the fifth harmonic has a small negative chirp in excess of that predicted by perturbation theory. In addition, by manipulating the chirp of the driving laser we can induce and measure a positive or a negative chirp on the XUV pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Norin
- Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 118, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Gaarde MB, Schafer KJ, Kulander KC, Sheehy B, Kim D, DiMauro LF. Strong species dependence of high order photoelectron production in alkali metal atoms. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:2822-2825. [PMID: 11018951 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.2822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical and experimental study of the production of very high order photoelectrons from alkali metal atoms interacting with intense, midinfrared radiation. The strength of this process shows an unexpectedly strong species dependence. We find that this dependence can be explained via the difference in the cross section for electron-ion scattering from the different atoms. This allows us to directly relate the high energy portion of the photoelectron spectrum to specific features of the electron-ion potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- MB Gaarde
- Department of Physics, Lund Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 118, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
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Gaarde MB, L'Huillier A, Lewenstein M. Theory of high-order sum and difference frequency mixing in a strong bichromatic laser field. Phys Rev A 1996; 54:4236-4248. [PMID: 9913974 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.54.4236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Gaarde MB, Zerne R, Caiyan L, Zhankui J, Larsson J, Svanberg S. Determination of radiative lifetimes of excited states in neutral gold using time-resolved vacuum-ultraviolet laser spectroscopy. Phys Rev A 1994; 50:209-213. [PMID: 9910884 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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