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Krefting J, Gorki H, Hoenicka M, Albrecht G, Kraft R, Liebold A. The Influence of Cardiopulmonary Bypass on the Incidence of Postoperative Delirium in Cardiac Surgery. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - H. Gorki
- Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - M. Hoenicka
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - G. Albrecht
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - R. Kraft
- Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, Ulm, Deutschland
| | - A. Liebold
- Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, Ulm, Deutschland
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Stadlbauer C, Golovchenko S, Englert L, Spaeth M, Hoenicka M, Hofmann HS, Ried M. [Organ Bath Experiments on Human Pulmonary Vessels: Assessment of Drug Efficacy for Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension]. Pneumologie 2021; 75:369-376. [PMID: 33472251 DOI: 10.1055/a-1332-6892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Various vasodilator medications are used in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), such as endothelin receptor antagonists (ERA) or phosphodiesterase-5-(PDE-5-)inhibitors. In a human ex vivo model, we investigated whether the combination of two substance classes could achieve a higher effect or - without loss of vasodilatation - a lower dosage of the individual substances might be sufficient. We established an ex vivo organ bath model to evaluate the dose-dependent effects of ERA and PDE-5-inhibitors on pulmonary vessels harvested from patients who underwent surgery (lung resection/transplantation). We compared the combined use of both substance classes with administration of one class of drugs alone. Due to the limitations of the experimental design, it is not possible to extrapolate our results to the conditions in vivo. Nevertheless, organ bath proved to be helpful in evaluating the dose-dependent effects of ERA and PDE-5 inhibitors, which is not practical in everyday clinical practice. In this setting, the effectiveness of the combination therapy and the potential for dose reduction depended on the concentrations used and on the influence of previous illnesses on blood vessel function. This article describes the most important results of our experimental investigations and suggestions for future projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Stadlbauer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Herz-, Thorax- und herznahe Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg
| | - S Golovchenko
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Herz-, Thorax- und herznahe Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg
| | - L Englert
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Herz-, Thorax- und herznahe Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg
| | - M Spaeth
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Herz-, Thorax- und herznahe Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg
| | - M Hoenicka
- Klinik für Herz- und Thoraxchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm
| | - H-S Hofmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Herz-, Thorax- und herznahe Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg.,Klinik für Thoraxchirurgie, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Brüder Regensburg, Regensburg
| | - M Ried
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Herz-, Thorax- und herznahe Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg
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Englert L, Stadlbauer C, Spaeth M, Hofmann HS, Schneider C, Hatz RA, Preissler G, Michel S, Golovchenko S, Ried M, Hoenicka M. Evaluation of the combination of endothelin receptor antagonists (ERA) and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in pathologic human pulmonary arteries in an ex-vivo organ bath model. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2020; 66:101985. [PMID: 33359621 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2020.101985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Medical combination therapy of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) may alleviate the drawbacks of monotherapy by avoiding drug tolerance and by increasing effectiveness, as shown by the combination of ambrisentan and tadalafil (AMBITION trial). The present ex-vivo study evaluated the combination of the endothelin receptor antagonists (ERA) macitentan and bosentan with the phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor vardenafil in pulmonary arteries from patients suffering from terminal lung disease as a model of PAH. METHODS Segments of the pulmonary vessels were excised from resected lungs of patients requiring lung transplantation (LTX). Contraction of pulmonary arteries (PA) was elicited by consecutive dose-response curves of endothelin-1 (ET-1) followed by norepinephrine (NE) to allow inhibition by different pathways. Forces were measured isometrically in an organ bath in the presence and absence of ERA and PDE-5 inhibitors and their combination. RESULTS PA of 38 patients were examined between October 2016 and November 2019. Bosentan (1E-7 M) and macitentan (1E-8 M, 3E-8 M, 1E-7 M) inhibited ET-1 induced contractions, whereas vardenafil (1E-6 M, 3E-6 M, 1E-5 M) inhibited only the NE induced part of the contractions. Vardenafil enhanced bosentan-induced inhibition of vasoconstriction in a dose-dependent fashion. Combination effects exceeded single bosentan at 3E-6 M and 1E-5 M vardenafil, and they exceeded single vardenafil at the lower vardenafil concentrations. Macitentan showed a more pronounced inhibition than bosentan regardless of the lower concentrations. Accordingly, combination effects with vardenafil resembled those of macitentan alone. CONCLUSIONS Macitentan and bosentan were potent antagonists of vasoconstriction in PA of LTX patients. The benefit of drug combinations was demonstrated at selected concentrations only owing to a narrow therapeutic range of vardenafil in this ex-vivo model. These results suggest the utility of drug combinations other than the established pair of ambrisentan and tadalafil in PAH treatment but also make a case for a further assessment of vasodilator properties of drugs complementing ERA.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Englert
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany.
| | - C Stadlbauer
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - M Spaeth
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - H S Hofmann
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - C Schneider
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Campus Großhadern, University of Munich, Germany
| | - R A Hatz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Campus Großhadern, University of Munich, Germany
| | - G Preissler
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Schillerhöhe, Robert-Bosch-Hospital, Gerlingen, Germany
| | - S Michel
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Campus Großhadern, University of Munich, Germany
| | - S Golovchenko
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - M Ried
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Germany
| | - M Hoenicka
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
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Dürr A, Eisenmann L, Albrecht G, Liebold A, Hoenicka M. Optimizing Pulsatility in Minimally Invasive Extracorporeal Circulation (MiECC). Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Gorki H, Nakamura J, Kunert A, Hoenicka M, Liebold A. Pericardial Fluids or Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Is There a Major Culprit for Changes in Coagulation and Inflammation? Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Gorki
- Universität Ulm, Herz-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Ulm, Germany
| | - J. Nakamura
- Universität Ulm, Herz-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Ulm, Germany
| | - A. Kunert
- Universität Ulm, Herz-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Ulm, Germany
| | - M. Hoenicka
- Universität Ulm, Herz-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Ulm, Germany
| | - A. Liebold
- Universität Ulm, Herz-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Ulm, Germany
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Guthoff I, Grassler A, Mayer B, Hoenicka M, Albrecht G, Bauernschmitt R, Liebold A. Kidney Protection during CABG: No Effect of Pulsatile versus Nonpulsatile MECC. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Guthoff
- für Herz, Thorax und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Klinik Ulm, Germany
| | - A. Grassler
- für Herz, Thorax und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Klinik Ulm, Germany
| | - B. Mayer
- Institut für Epidemiologie und Medizinische Biometrie, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - M. Hoenicka
- für Herz, Thorax und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Klinik Ulm, Germany
| | - G. Albrecht
- für Herz, Thorax und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Klinik Ulm, Germany
| | - R. Bauernschmitt
- für Herz, Thorax und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Klinik Ulm, Germany
| | - A. Liebold
- für Herz, Thorax und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Klinik Ulm, Germany
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Gorki H, Nakamura J, Albrecht G, Hoenicka M, Liebold A. Individualized Anticoagulation Management Must Consider Individual Volume Balance. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Gorki
- Universität Ulm, Herz-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Ulm, Germany
| | - J. Nakamura
- Universität Ulm, Herz-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Ulm, Germany
| | - G. Albrecht
- Universität Ulm, Herz-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Ulm, Germany
| | - M. Hoenicka
- Universität Ulm, Herz-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Ulm, Germany
| | - A. Liebold
- Universität Ulm, Herz-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Ulm, Germany
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Hoenicka M, Traeger K, Liebold A, Gorki H. Hydroxyethyl Starch Influences Biochemical Markers of Renal Damage and of Inflammation after Multivessel Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting - A Subgroup Analysis. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1571637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Guthoff I, Grassler A, Mayer B, Hoenicka M, Albrecht G, Bauernschmitt R, Liebold A. Pusatile Perfusion during Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB) - No Benefit on Cerebral Perfusion in Adults. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1571641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hoenicka M, Rupp P, Müller-Eising K, Deininger S, Kunert A, Liebold A, Gorki H. Anticoagulation management during multivessel coronary artery bypass grafting: a randomized trial comparing individualized heparin management and conventional hemostasis management. J Thromb Haemost 2015; 13:1196-206. [PMID: 25954849 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individualized heparin management (IHM) uses heparin dose-response curves to improve hemostasis management during cardiac surgery as compared with activated clotting time-based methods. OBJECTIVES IHM was compared with conventional hemostasis management (CHM) in a randomized, prospective study (ID DRKS00007580). METHODS One-hundred and twenty patients undergoing multivessel coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were enrolled. Heparin and protamine consumption, blood losses, blood transfusions and administration of hemostatic agents were recorded. Time courses of platelet counts and of coagulation parameters were determined. Coagulation was analyzed at intensive care unit (ICU) arrival by thromboelastometry. RESULTS IHM patients received significantly lower initial heparin doses (289.3IU kg(-1) [interquartile range (IQR) 221.5-376.2 IU kg(-1) ] versus 350.5 IU kg(-1) [IQR 346.8-353.7 IU kg(-1) ], P < 0.0001) but similar total heparin doses (418.5 IU kg(-1) [IQR 346.9-590.5 IU kg(-1) ] versus 435.8 IU kg(-1) [IQR 411.7-505.1 IU kg(-1) ]). IHM patients received significantly less protamine, resulting in protamine/total heparin ratios of 0.546 [IQR 0.469-0.597] versus 0.854 [IQR 0.760-0.911] in CHM patients (P < 0.0001). Activated partial thromboplastin time (50.5 s [IQR 40.0-60.0 s] versus 37.0 s [IQR 33.0-40.0 s], P < 0.0001), activated clotting time (136 s [IQR 129.0-150.5 s] versus 126.5 s [IQR 120.3-134.0 s], P = 0.0002) and INTEM clotting times (215 s [IQR 192-237] versus 201 s [IQR 191-216 s], P = 0.0397) were significantly longer in IHM patients than in CHM patients at ICU arrival, with no difference in prothrombin time (P = 0.538). IHM patients lost significantly more blood within 12 h postoperatively (420 mL [IQR 337.5-605.0 mL] versus 345 mL [IQR 230.0-482.5 mL], P = 0.0041), and required significantly more hemostatic agents to control bleeding. Red blood cell transfusion requirements and time courses of platelet counts did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS Multivessel CABG patients did not benefit from IHM in comparison with our established protocol based on activated clotting time.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hoenicka
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - P Rupp
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - K Müller-Eising
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - S Deininger
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - A Kunert
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - A Liebold
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - H Gorki
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
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Hoenicka M, Rupp P, Deininger S, Müller-Eising K, Liebold A, Gorki H. Postoperative Bleeding after CABG - does Individualized Heparin Management Save Blood? Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hoenicka M, Gorki H, Troni B, Liebold A. Selective Venous Vasodilator Properties of the Analgesic Metamizole - An Adverse Effect that may Exacerbate venous Pooling after Cardiac Surgery. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Hoenicka M, Jacobs V, Niemeyer M, Bronger H, Schneider K, Kiechle M, Huber G, Seelbach-Göbel B, Burkhart J, Hammer J, Liepsch D, Schmid C, Birnbaum D. Neue Verwendungsmöglichkeiten von Nachgeburtsgewebe für die Regenerative Medizin. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2012; 216:27-33. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1298029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Hoenicka
- Klinik für Herz-, Thorax- und herznahe Gefäßchirurgie, Klinikum der Universität Regensburg
- Klinik für Herz-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm
| | - V. Jacobs
- Frauenklinik, Technische Universität München
- Frauenklinik, Paracelsus Medizinische Universität, Salzburg, Austria
| | - M. Niemeyer
- Frauenklinik, Technische Universität München
| | - H. Bronger
- Frauenklinik, Technische Universität München
| | | | - M. Kiechle
- Frauenklinik, Technische Universität München
| | - G. Huber
- Abteilung für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinik St. Hedwig, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Brüder, Regensburg
| | - B. Seelbach-Göbel
- Abteilung für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinik St. Hedwig, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Brüder, Regensburg
| | - J. Burkhart
- Blutspendedienst des Bayerischen Roten Kreuzes, München
| | - J. Hammer
- FB Maschinenbau, Hochschule Regensburg
| | - D. Liepsch
- FB05 Versorgungstechnik, Hochschule München
| | - C. Schmid
- Klinik für Herz-, Thorax- und herznahe Gefäßchirurgie, Klinikum der Universität Regensburg
| | - D. Birnbaum
- Klinik für Herz-, Thorax- und herznahe Gefäßchirurgie, Klinikum der Universität Regensburg
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Hoenicka M, Keyser A, Klose A, Huber G, Hirt S, Puehler T, Schmid C. Endothelium-dependent contractions in bypass grafts: A novel mechanism of vasospasms? Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1269025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hoenicka M, Wiedemann L, Puehler T, Hirt S, Schmid C. Metabolic requirements in vascular tissue engineering. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1191652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hoenicka M, Lehle K, Jacobs VR, Dendorfer S, Kostorz A, Schmid FX, Birnbaum DE. Mechanical and seeding properties of human umbilical vein – a potential scaffold for a tissue-engineered vessel graft. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-967592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hoenicka M, Lehle K, Jacobs VR, Rupprecht L, Göbölös L, Schmid FX, Birnbaum DE. Effect of cryopreservation on viability and function of human umbilical vein – a potential scaffold for a tissue-engineered vessel graft. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-925786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Becker EM, Schmidt P, Schramm M, Schröder H, Walter U, Hoenicka M, Gerzer R, Stasch JP. The vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP): target of YC-1 and nitric oxide effects in human and rat platelets. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2000; 35:390-7. [PMID: 10710123 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-200003000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the different types of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulators on the phosphorylation status of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) in both human and rat platelets were studied under in vitro and in vivo conditions. sGC-dependent VASP phosphorylation (at Ser(239) and Ser(157)) both by the new direct sGC stimulator YC-1 and by NO donors was examined by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS/PAGE) with different antibodies. One antibody, which recognizes VASP independent of its phosphorylation state, was used to detect the mobility shift of VASP caused by Ser(157) phosphorylation. The other antibody was specifically directed against VASP phosphorylated at Ser(239), the cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) preferred phosphorylation site of VASP. In vitro YC-1 increased both VASP phosphorylation and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels as did the NO donors 2-(N,N-diethylamino)-diazenolate-2-oxide (DEA/NO) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP). The combination of both types induced a synergistic effect in both VASP phosphorylation and cGMP increase. In rat platelets, similar effects could be shown in vitro. In vivo we observed a significant increase in cGMP and a distinct effect on VASP phosphorylation in rat platelets 1 h after oral administration of YC-1. These biochemical alterations are supported by a significant prolongation in rat-tail bleeding time. Direct stimulators of sGC like YC-1 are on the one hand direct potent stimulators of the cGMP/PKG/VASP pathway in platelets and on the other hand synergize with NO, the physiologic stimulator of sGC. Therefore YC-1-like substances are interesting tools for the development of new cardiovascular drugs with vasodilatory and antithrombotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Becker
- Institute of Cardivascular and Arteriosclerosis Research, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
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Becker EM, Wunder F, Kast R, Robyr C, Hoenicka M, Gerzer R, Schröder H, Stasch JP. Generation and characterization of a stable soluble guanylate cyclase-overexpressing CHO cell line. Nitric Oxide 1999; 3:55-66. [PMID: 10355896 DOI: 10.1006/niox.1999.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A stably transfected soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC, alpha1 and beta1 subunits of the rat lung enzyme)-overexpressing CHO cell line was generated for the characterization of different types of activators of the soluble guanylate cyclase. Polyclonal antibodies directed against both subunits of the rat enzyme were used to detect both subunits in the cytosol of the transfected CHO cells. We studied the effects of different nitric oxide (NO) donors like SNP and DEA/NO and, in particular, the direct, NO-independent stimulator of the soluble guanylate cyclase 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'furyl)-1-benzyl indazole (YC-1), on intracellular guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) production. DEA/NO (0.01-3 microM), SNP (1-10 microM), and YC-1 (1-10 microM) induced a concentration-dependent intracellular cGMP increase with maximal effects of 16-fold (3 microM DEA/NO), 8-fold (10 microM SNP), and 6-fold (10 microM YC-1) stimulation compared to controls, respectively. In addition, a synergistic effect of the combination of the NO donor and YC-1 could be observed with a maximal stimulation of 64-fold by SNP (10 microM) and YC-1 (10 microM). 1H-(1,2,4)-Oxadiazolo-(4,3-a)-6-bromo-quinoxazin-1-one (ODQ, 10 microM), a potent and selective inhibitor of sGC, inhibited both the single effects of NO donors [DEA/NO (3 microM), 77%; SNP (3 microM), 83%] and YC-1 [YC-1 (3 microM), 82%], but moreover the synergistic effects between NO donors and YC-1 [DEA/NO (3 microM) + YC-1 (3 microM), 81%; SNP (3 microM) + YC-1 (3 microM),89%] on intracellular cGMP production. In summary,we have generated a simple, sensitive, and useful bioassay method to characterize all types of sGC activators on the cellular level without the need of primary cell culture, several transfections, or purifying enzyme from biological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Becker
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Arteriosclerosis Research, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
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Hoenicka M, Becker EM, Apeler H, Sirichoke T, Schröder H, Gerzer R, Stasch JP. Purified soluble guanylyl cyclase expressed in a baculovirus/Sf9 system: stimulation by YC-1, nitric oxide, and carbon monoxide. J Mol Med (Berl) 1999; 77:14-23. [PMID: 9930922 DOI: 10.1007/s001090050292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is the main receptor for nitric oxide, a messenger molecule with multiple clinical implications. Understanding the activation of sGC is an important step for establishing new therapeutic principles. We have now overexpressed sGC in a baculovirus/Sf9 system optimized for high protein yields to facilitate spectral and kinetic studies of the activation mechanisms of this enzyme. It was expressed in a batch fermenter using a defined mixture of viruses encoding the alpha and beta1 subunits of the rat lung enzyme. The expressed enzyme was purified from the cytosolic fraction by anion exchange chromatography, hydroxyapatite chromatography, and size exclusion chromatography. By use of this new method 2.5 l culture yielded about 1 mg of apparently homogeneous sGC with a content of about one heme per heterodimer without the need of a heme reconstitution step. The enzyme did not contain stoichiometric amounts of copper. The basal activities of the purified enzyme were 153 and 1259 nmol min(-1) mg(-1) in the presence of Mg2+ and Mn2+, respectively. The nitric oxide releasing agent 2-(N,N-diethylamino)-diazenolate-2-oxide (DEA/NO) stimulated the enzyme 160-fold with Mg2+, whereas the NO-independent activator 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole (YC-1) induced an increase in the activity of 101-fold at a concentration of 300 microM. The combination of DEA/NO (10 microM) and YC-1 (100 microM) elicited a dose-dependent synergistic stimulation with a maximum of a 792-fold increase over the basal activity in the presence of Mg2+, resulting in a specific activity of 121 micromol min(-1) mg(-1). The synergistic stimulation of DEA/NO and YC-1 was attenuated by the sGC inhibitor 1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazole(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) (10 microM) by 94%. In a different experimental setup a saturated carbon monoxide solution in the absence of ambient oxygen or NO stimulated the enzyme 15-fold in the absence and 1260-fold in the presence of YC-1 compared to an argon control. The heme spectra of the enzyme showed a shift of the Soret peak from 432 to 399 and 424 nm in the presence of DEA/NO or carbon monoxide, respectively. The heme spectra were not affected by YC-1 in the absence or in the presence of DEA/NO or of carbon monoxide, which reflects the fact that YC-1 does not interact directly with the heme group of the enzyme. In summary, this study shows that our expression/purification procedure is suitable for producing large amounts of highly pure sGC which contains one heme per heterodimer without a reconstitution step. The activator experiments show that in a synergistic stimulation with YC-1 sGC can be activated maximally both by nitric oxide and by carbon monoxide and that YC-1 does not directly act via heme. The described method should help to facilitate the investigation of the new therapeutic principle of NO-independent guanylyl cyclase activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hoenicka
- DLR Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany.
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