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Golińska E, Kozień Ł, Tomusiak-Plebanek A, Kędzierska J, Dorycka M, Lauterbach R, Pawlik D, Rzepecka-Węglarz B, Janiszewska M, Heczko PB, Wojkowska-Mach J, Strus M. Epidemiology of neonatal sepsis in two neonatal intensive care units in Krakow, Poland in 2016-2017 years. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:827. [PMID: 38001444 PMCID: PMC10675960 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08836-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis in low-birth-weight neonates remains one of the most significant causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Approximately 3 million newborns suffer from sepsis globally every year. The aim of this study was to compare demographic and clinical features, as well as etiology and antibiotic susceptibility, of the main pathogens related to neonatal sepsis in two neonatal intensive units during a two-year period. METHODS We observed early-onset (EO-BSI) and late-onset bloodstream infections (LO-BSI) cases in two high-reference neonatal intensive care units (NICU) over a 24-month period (2016-2017). Samples of patients' blood were tested for the presence of the microorganisms. All bacterial isolates were tested for susceptibility to antibiotics. RESULTS The majority of sepsis cases weighed above 1000 g and were born by cesarean section. About 10% of the EO-BSI group died. There were differences in the EO-BSI /LO-BSI ratio in the compared wards due to differences among the admitted children. The most common pathogens isolated from blood were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) were represented by two dominating species: S. epidermidis and S. haemolyticus, followed by Klebsiella spp. strains and E.coli, which were mostly found in EO-BSI cases. No single S. agalactiae (GBS) strain was isolated. The majority of CoNS strains were resistant to methicillin, half were resistant to aminoglycosides, and one-third were resistant to macrolides and lincosamides. Half of the Gram-negative rods were resistant to beta-lactams. CONCLUSIONS The epidemiology of sepsis in two observed NICUs is comparable to data obtained from other studies with a predominance of methicillin-resistant CoNS in LO-BSI and beta-lactam resistant E. coli in EO-BSI. It is of importance that the campaign for controlling GBS carriage in pregnant women in Poland resulted in the disappearance of GBS as a cause of sepsis. Unfortunately, there are no such measures to control E.coli related sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Golińska
- Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18 Street, Cracow, 31-121, Poland.
| | - Ł Kozień
- Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18 Street, Cracow, 31-121, Poland
| | - A Tomusiak-Plebanek
- Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18 Street, Cracow, 31-121, Poland
| | - J Kędzierska
- Department of Microbiology, University Hospital, Cracow, Poland
| | - M Dorycka
- Microbiological Laboratory, Diagnostics Inc. Krakow Branch, Cracow, Poland
| | - R Lauterbach
- Department of Neonatology, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - D Pawlik
- Department of Neonatology, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - B Rzepecka-Węglarz
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, "UJASTEK" Medical Centre, Cracow, Poland
| | - M Janiszewska
- Department of Informatics and Medical Statistics with E-learning Laboratory, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
| | - P B Heczko
- Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18 Street, Cracow, 31-121, Poland
| | - J Wojkowska-Mach
- Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18 Street, Cracow, 31-121, Poland
| | - M Strus
- Chair of Microbiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18 Street, Cracow, 31-121, Poland
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Golińska E, Strus M, Tomusiak-Plebanek A, Więcek G, Kozień Ł, Lauterbach R, Pawlik D, Rzepecka-Węglarz B, Kędzierska J, Dorycka M, Heczko PB. Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Contained in Gut Microbiota as a Primary Source of Sepsis in Low- and Very Low Birth Weight Neonates. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082517. [PMID: 32759861 PMCID: PMC7464628 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There are only a few reports in the literature about translocation of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) as a primary cause of sepsis in neonates, although CoNS are among a short list of “translocating” bacteria when present in abundance. Methods: 468 blood samples, 119 stool samples, and 8 catheter tips, from 311 neonates, were tested for presence of microorganisms. CoNS strains isolated from the blood and stool or from blood and catheter tip of the same newborn at approximately the same time were paired and typed with PFGE (Pulse-Field Gel Electrophoresis) method. The strains were then tested for the presence of adherence genes and biofilm formation. Results: The strains with identical PFGE profiles in comparison to those with non-identical profiles differed in terms of the pattern of the virulence genes and showed a lack of the genes related to adherence, but more often presence of IS256, which is related to virulence. They also were phenotypically unable to adhere to intestinal Caco2 cells. Conclusions: A considerable proportion of CoNS strains isolated from bloodstream of VLBW/LWB neonates was identical to the strains isolated from faeces of the same neonates at the same time. These observations may offer indirect evidence indicating that at least some CoNS can translocate from the gastrointestinal tract of the premature neonates into the bloodstream and thus cause generalized infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Golińska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Cracow, Poland; (E.G.); (A.T.-P.); (G.W.); (Ł.K.); (P.B.H.)
| | - Magdalena Strus
- Department of Neonatology, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, 31-501 Cracow, Poland; (R.L.); (D.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Tomusiak-Plebanek
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Cracow, Poland; (E.G.); (A.T.-P.); (G.W.); (Ł.K.); (P.B.H.)
| | - Grażyna Więcek
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Cracow, Poland; (E.G.); (A.T.-P.); (G.W.); (Ł.K.); (P.B.H.)
| | - Łucja Kozień
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Cracow, Poland; (E.G.); (A.T.-P.); (G.W.); (Ł.K.); (P.B.H.)
| | - Ryszard Lauterbach
- Department of Neonatology, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, 31-501 Cracow, Poland; (R.L.); (D.P.)
| | - Dorota Pawlik
- Department of Neonatology, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, 31-501 Cracow, Poland; (R.L.); (D.P.)
| | | | | | - Małgorzata Dorycka
- Microbiological Laboratory, Diagnostics Inc. Krakow Branch, 31-864 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Piotr B. Heczko
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Cracow, Poland; (E.G.); (A.T.-P.); (G.W.); (Ł.K.); (P.B.H.)
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Swadźba J, Kozłowska D, Anyszek T, Dorycka M, Martin E, Piotrowska-Mietelska A. Atypical pneumonia diagnosed as coronavirus disease 2019 by a serologic test (patient -1 in Poland). Pol Arch Intern Med 2020; 130:444-445. [PMID: 32329977 DOI: 10.20452/pamw.15313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Swadźba
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Kraków, Poland; Medical Laboratory Diagnostyka, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Danuta Kozłowska
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Kraków, Poland; Medical Laboratory Diagnostyka, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Anyszek
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Kraków, Poland; Medical Laboratory Diagnostyka, Kraków, Poland
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Strus M, Heczko PB, Golińska E, Tomusiak A, Chmielarczyk A, Dorycka M, van der Linden M, Samet A, Piórkowska A. The virulence factors of group A streptococcus strains isolated from invasive and non-invasive infections in Polish and German centres, 2009–2011. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 36:1643-1649. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-017-2978-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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