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Gemelli M, Carbone M, Abbate MI, Mancin M, Zucchini N, Colonese F, Invernizzi P, Bidoli P, Cortinovis D. Vanishing bile duct syndrome following pembrolizumab infusion: case report and review of the literature. Immunotherapy 2021; 14:175-181. [PMID: 34873918 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2021-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors demonstrate high efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer and are now routinely used in clinical practice. Severe immune-related adverse events are reported in about 5% of patients, requiring hospitalization and possibly leading to death. We present a rare case of vanishing bile duct syndrome that arose a few days after the first pembrolizumab infusion. Laboratory tests and radiological imaging studies were performed to orient diagnosis and monitor the disease, while the evidence of ductal loss on the histological sample was pathognomonic for vanishing bile duct syndrome. High-dose steroid therapy and immunosuppressors were administered, resulting in scarce efficacy. Prompt recognition and management of similar conditions is crucial to avoid fatal events. Further studies are needed to investigate new drugs for steroid-refractory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gemelli
- Oncology Unit, ASST Monza San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, 20900, Italy.,Oncology Unit, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, 20099, Italy
| | - Marco Carbone
- Division of Gastroenterology & Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine & Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, 20900, Italy.,European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Maria I Abbate
- Oncology Unit, ASST Monza San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Maddalena Mancin
- Oncology Unit, ASST Monza San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Nicola Zucchini
- Pathology Department, ASST Monza San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Invernizzi
- Division of Gastroenterology & Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine & Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, 20900, Italy.,European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Paolo Bidoli
- Oncology Unit, ASST Monza San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Diego Cortinovis
- Oncology Unit, ASST Monza San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, 20900, Italy
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2
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Alberti A, Mancin M, Cortinovis D, Bidoli P, Sala L. Disseminated intravascular coagulation in advanced lung adenocarcinoma during first-line pembrolizumab. Immunotherapy 2020; 12:629-633. [DOI: 10.2217/imt-2020-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Every year 1.6 million people worldwide die from lung cancer, making it one of the most frequent and deadly tumors. Pembrolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against PD-1 that has antitumor activity in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, with increased activity in tumors that express programmed death ligand 1. Methods & results: We report the first case of pembrolizumab-related disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). After excluding other causes of DIC, a diagnosis of pembrolizumab-related DIC was performed and the patient was treated with corticosteroid therapy until signs resolution. Conclusion: Disorders of coagulation–fibrinolysis system related to immunotherapy are rare, but often clinically serious and life threatening, so it is necessary to pay close attention to the various symptoms and signs during immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Alberti
- Department of Oncology, San Gerardo Hospital, Asst-Monza, via Pergolesi 33 Monza, Italy
| | - Maddalena Mancin
- Department of Oncology, San Gerardo Hospital, Asst-Monza, via Pergolesi 33 Monza, Italy
| | - Diego Cortinovis
- Department of Oncology, San Gerardo Hospital, Asst-Monza, via Pergolesi 33 Monza, Italy
| | - Paolo Bidoli
- Department of Oncology, San Gerardo Hospital, Asst-Monza, via Pergolesi 33 Monza, Italy
| | - Luca Sala
- Department of Oncology, San Gerardo Hospital, Asst-Monza, via Pergolesi 33 Monza, Italy
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3
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Leopardi S, Nouvellet P, Priori P, Zecchin B, Salomoni A, Mancin M, Scaravelli D, de Benedictis P. Unraveling the role of Myotis myotis in the ecology and transmission of rabies-related lyssaviruses (RRLVs). Int J Infect Dis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.11.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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4
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Rota Nodari E, Alonso S, Mancin M, De Nardi M, Hudson-Cooke S, Veggiato C, Cattoli G, De Benedictis P. Rabies Vaccination: Higher Failure Rates in Imported Dogs than in those Vaccinated in Italy. Zoonoses Public Health 2016; 64:146-155. [PMID: 27152896 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The current European Union (EU) legislation decrees that pets entering the EU from a rabies-infected third country have to obtain a satisfactory virus-neutralizing antibody level, while those moving within the EU require only rabies vaccination as the risk of moving a rabid pet within the EU is considered negligible. A number of factors driving individual variations in dog vaccine response have been previously reported, including a high rate of vaccine failure in puppies, especially those subject to commercial transport. A total of 21 001 observations collected from dogs (2006-2012) vaccinated in compliance with the current EU regulations were statistically analysed to assess the effect of different risk factors related to rabies vaccine efficacy. Within this framework, we were able to compare the vaccination failure rate in a group of dogs entering the Italian border from EU and non-EU countries to those vaccinated in Italy prior to international travel. Our analysis identified that cross-breeds and two breed categories showed high vaccine success rates, while Beagles and Boxers were the least likely to show a successful response to vaccination (88.82% and 90.32%, respectively). Our analysis revealed diverse performances among the commercially available vaccines, in terms of serological peak windows, and marked differences according to geographical area. Of note, we found a higher vaccine failure rate in imported dogs (13.15%) than in those vaccinated in Italy (5.89%). Our findings suggest that the choice of vaccine may influence the likelihood of an animal achieving a protective serological level and that time from vaccination to sampling should be considered when interpreting serological results. A higher vaccine failure in imported compared to Italian dogs highlights the key role that border controls still have in assessing the full compliance of pet movements with EU legislation to minimize the risk of rabies being reintroduced into a disease-free area.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rota Nodari
- FAO and National Reference Centre for Rabies, OIE Collaborating Centre for Diseases at the Animal-Human Interface, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - S Alonso
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - M Mancin
- Public Health and Risk Analysis Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - M De Nardi
- FAO and National Reference Centre for Rabies, OIE Collaborating Centre for Diseases at the Animal-Human Interface, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | | | - C Veggiato
- FAO and National Reference Centre for Rabies, OIE Collaborating Centre for Diseases at the Animal-Human Interface, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - G Cattoli
- FAO and National Reference Centre for Rabies, OIE Collaborating Centre for Diseases at the Animal-Human Interface, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - P De Benedictis
- FAO and National Reference Centre for Rabies, OIE Collaborating Centre for Diseases at the Animal-Human Interface, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (PD), Italy
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Lettini AA, Vo Than T, Marafin E, Longo A, Antonello K, Zavagnin P, Barco L, Mancin M, Cibin V, Morini M, Dang Thi Sao M, Nguyen Thi T, Pham Trung H, Le L, Nguyen Duc T, Ricci A. Distribution of Salmonella Serovars and Antimicrobial Susceptibility from Poultry and Swine Farms in Central Vietnam. Zoonoses Public Health 2016; 63:569-576. [PMID: 26952244 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Salmonella spp. and their antimicrobial susceptibilities on poultry and swine farms, sampled in 2 regions in Central Vietnam. A total of 67 poultry farms and 46 swine farms were sampled in a period of 5 months (from September 2012 to January 2013). Salmonella spp. was prevalent in 46.3% and 71.7% of poultry and swine farms, respectively. Altogether, 99 non-typhoidal Salmonella were isolated and the most common serovars were Salmonella Weltevreden (19%), followed by Salmonella Typhimurium (12%) and Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- (11%). Overall, 71 of 99 (72%) Salmonella isolates were resistant to at least one of the 14 antimicrobial agents tested. Both in poultry and swine farms, high levels of resistance were observed for ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, sulphamethoxazole and tetracycline. The presence of Salmonella isolates from poultry and swine farms which were resistant to different classes of antimicrobials suggests that alternative control measures to antimicrobials should be implemented. Moreover, an effective policy should be promoted to encourage a prudent use of these agents in animal farming in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Lettini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - T Vo Than
- Central of Vietnam Veterinary Institute, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - E Marafin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - A Longo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - K Antonello
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - P Zavagnin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - L Barco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - M Mancin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - V Cibin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - M Morini
- International Cooperation Office, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - M Dang Thi Sao
- Central of Vietnam Veterinary Institute, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - T Nguyen Thi
- Central of Vietnam Veterinary Institute, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - H Pham Trung
- Central of Vietnam Veterinary Institute, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - L Le
- Central of Vietnam Veterinary Institute, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - T Nguyen Duc
- Central of Vietnam Veterinary Institute, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - A Ricci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, National Reference Laboratory for Salmonellosis, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
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Heidari A, Mancin M, Nili H, Pourghanbari GH, Lankarani KB, Leardini S, Cattoli G, Monne I, Piccirillo A. Serological evidence of H9N2 avian influenza virus exposure among poultry workers from Fars province of Iran. Virol J 2016; 13:16. [PMID: 26817813 PMCID: PMC4728806 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0472-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since the 1990s, influenza A viruses of the H9N2 subtype have been causing infections in the poultry population around the globe. This influenza subtype is widely circulating in poultry and human cases of AI H9N2 have been sporadically reported in countries where this virus is endemic in domestic birds. The wide circulation of H9N2 viruses throughout Europe and Asia along with their ability to cause direct infection in mammals and humans, raises public health concerns. H9N2 AI was reported for the first time in Iran in 1998 and at present it is endemic in poultry. This study was carried out to evaluate the exposure to H9N2 AI viruses among poultry workers from the Fars province. Methods 100 poultry workers and 100 healthy individuals with no professional exposure to poultry took part in this study. Serum samples were tested for antibodies against two distinct H9N2 avian influenza viruses, which showed different phylogenetic clustering and important molecular differences, such as at the amino acid (aa) position 226 (Q/L) (H3 numbering), using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and microneutralization (MN) assays. Results Results showed that 17 % of the poultry workers were positive for the A/chicken/Iran/10VIR/854-5/2008 virus in MN test and 12 % in HI test using the titer ≥40 as positive cut-off value. Only 2 % of the poultry workers were positive for the A/chicken/Iran/12VIR/9630/1998 virus. Seroprevalence of non exposed individuals for both H9N2 strains was below 3 % by both tests. Statistical analyses models showed that exposure to poultry significantly increases the risk of infection with H9N2 virus. Conclusions The results have demonstrated that exposure to avian H9N2 viruses had occurred among poultry workers in the Fars province of Iran. Continuous surveillance programmes should be implemented to monitor the presence of avian influenza infections in humans and to evaluate their potential threat to poultry workers and public health. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12985-016-0472-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Heidari
- Research and Innovation Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza, OIE collaborating Center for Diseases at the Human-Animal Interface, Viale dell'Università 10, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy. .,Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, PD, Italy.
| | - M Mancin
- Food safety department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Viale dell'Università 10, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy.
| | - H Nili
- Avian Diseases Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - G H Pourghanbari
- Avian Diseases Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. .,School of Veterinary Medicine, Ardakan University, Yazd, Iran.
| | - K B Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center of Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - S Leardini
- Research and Innovation Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza, OIE collaborating Center for Diseases at the Human-Animal Interface, Viale dell'Università 10, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy.
| | - G Cattoli
- Research and Innovation Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza, OIE collaborating Center for Diseases at the Human-Animal Interface, Viale dell'Università 10, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy.
| | - I Monne
- Research and Innovation Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza, OIE collaborating Center for Diseases at the Human-Animal Interface, Viale dell'Università 10, Legnaro, PD, 35020, Italy.
| | - A Piccirillo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, PD, Italy.
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Cibin V, Mancin M, Pedersen K, Barrucci F, Belluco S, Roccato A, Cocola F, Ferrarini S, Sandri A, Lau Baggesen D, Ricci A. Usefulness of Escherichia coli and Enterobacteriaceae as Process Hygiene Criteria in poultry: experimental study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2014.en-635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Cibin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale (IZS) delle Venezie Italy
| | - M Mancin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale (IZS) delle Venezie Italy
| | - K Pedersen
- Technical University of Denmark, National Food Institute Denmark
| | - F Barrucci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale (IZS) delle Venezie Italy
| | - S Belluco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale (IZS) delle Venezie Italy
| | - A Roccato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale (IZS) delle Venezie Italy
| | - F Cocola
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale (IZS) delle Venezie Italy
| | - S Ferrarini
- Azienda Unità Locale Socio‐Sanitaria 6 (Az‐ULSS 6) Italy
| | - A Sandri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale (IZS) delle Venezie Italy
| | - D Lau Baggesen
- Technical University of Denmark, National Food Institute Denmark
| | - A Ricci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale (IZS) delle Venezie Italy
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Vendramin N, Toffan A, Mancin M, Cappellozza E, Panzarin V, Bovo G, Cattoli G, Capua I, Terregino C. Comparative pathogenicity study of ten different betanodavirus strains in experimentally infected European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (L.). J Fish Dis 2014; 37:371-383. [PMID: 23662921 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER), otherwise known as viral nervous necrosis (VNN), is a severe pathological condition caused by RNA viruses belonging to the Nodaviridae family, genus Betanodavirus. The disease, described in more than 50 fish species worldwide, is considered as the most serious viral threat affecting marine farmed species in the Mediterranean region, thus representing one of the bottlenecks for further development of the aquaculture industry. To date, four different genotypes have been identified, namely red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV), striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV), tiger puffer nervous necrosis virus and barfin flounder nervous necrosis virus, with the RGNNV genotype appearing as the most widespread in the Mediterranean region, although SJNNV-type strains and reassortant viruses have also been reported. The existence of these genetically different strains could be the reason for the differences in mortality observed in the field. However, very little experimental data are available on the pathogenicity of these viruses in farmed fish. Therefore, in this study, the pathogenicity of 10 isolates has been assessed with an in vivo trial. The investigation was conducted using the European sea bass, the first target fish species for the disease in the Mediterranean basin. Naive fish were challenged by immersion and clinical signs and mortality were recorded for 68 days; furthermore, samples collected at selected time points were analysed to evaluate the development of the infection. Finally, survivors were weighed to estimate the growth reduction. The statistically supported results obtained in this study demonstrated different pathogenicity patterns, underlined the potential risk represented by different strains in the transmission of the infection to highly susceptible species and highlighted the indirect damage caused by a clinical outbreak of VER/VNN.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Vendramin
- Fish Virology Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, viale dell'Università, Legnaro, Padova, Italy; EURL for Fish Diseases, DTU VET, Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Barco L, Mancin M, Ruffa M, Saccardin C, Minorello C, Zavagnin P, Lettini A, Olsen JE, Ricci A. Application of the Random Forest Method to Analyse Epidemiological and Phenotypic Characteristics ofSalmonella4,[5],12:i:- andSalmonellaTyphimurium Strains. Zoonoses Public Health 2012; 59:505-12. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2012.01487.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Arcangeli G, Terregino C, De Benedictis P, Zecchin B, Manfrin A, Rossetti E, Magnabosco C, Mancin M, Brutti A. Effect of high hydrostatic pressure on murine norovirus in Manila clams. Lett Appl Microbiol 2012; 54:325-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2012.03211.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pezzuto A, Favretti M, Mancin M, Marcati M, Rossetto K, Furlan F, Cereser A. EVALUATION OF THE SHELF LIFE AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN A CHILLED READY TO EAT MEAT PRODUCT: THE “VITEL TONNÈ”. Ital J Food Saf 2010. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2010.7.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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12
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Pezzuto A, Cereser A, Favretti M, Mancin M, Marcati M, Rossetto K, Furlan F, Piovesana A, Lorenzon P. SHELF LIFE MICROBIOLOGICAL EVALUATION IN CHILLED READY TO EAT FOODS – PRELIMINARY REPORT. Ital J Food Saf 2009. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2008.4.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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13
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Graziani C, Busani L, Dionisi AM, Lucarelli C, Owczarek S, Ricci A, Mancin M, Caprioli A, Luzzi I. Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium from human and animal sources in Italy. Vet Microbiol 2007; 128:414-8. [PMID: 18054179 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2007] [Revised: 10/12/2007] [Accepted: 10/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella Typhimurium strains isolated in Italy in the period 2002-2004 from human and animal sources were examined for their antimicrobial susceptibility. Resistance to tetracycline (T, 73.6%), sulfonamides (Su, 73.3%), ampicillin (A, 67.6%), streptomycin (S, 65.4%) and chloramphenicol (C, 32.3%) were frequently observed. Resistance to ciprofloxacin was only observed in a swine strain, but most human strains resistant to nalidixic acid showed reduced susceptibility to that drug (MIC > or = 0.125 mg/l). Overall, 64% of the strains were resistant to four or more drugs. The most common resistance profiles were ACSSuT, prevalent in strains belonging phage type DT104 and ASSuT, prevalently associated with strains unable to be typed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Graziani
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Dipartimento di Sanità Alimentare ed Animale, Viale Regina Elena, 299 I-00161 Rome, Italy.
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14
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Bajetta E, Celio L, Ferrario E, Di Bartolomeo M, Denaro A, Dotti K, Mancin M, Bajetta R, Colombo A, Pusceddu S. Capecitabine plus oxaliplatin and irinotecan regimen every other week: a phase I/II study in first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2007; 18:1810-6. [PMID: 17823385 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdm347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A phase I/II study was performed to determine the safety and activity of a capecitabine plus oxaliplatin and irinotecan (COI) regimen using capecitabine concurrently with oxaliplatin and irinotecan in previously untreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients received irinotecan on day 1, oxaliplatin (85 mg/m(2)) on day 2 and capecitabine (1000 mg/m(2) orally twice daily) on days 2-6 of a biweekly schedule. Three dose levels ranging from 150 to 180 mg/m(2) were explored for irinotecan in sequential cohorts of three to six patients. Once the recommended dose was determined, a total of 28 eligible patients were planned at this dose level. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients received a median of six cycles. The recommended phase II dose of irinotecan was 180 mg/m(2). Toxicity was manageable: the most common severe toxicities were diarrhoea (24%) and nausea (16%). Of 27 assessable patients treated at the recommended dose, 17 achieved a partial response (overall response rate (ORR) 63%; 95% confidece interval (CI), 44 to 78%), with eight patients undergoing liver metastasectomy. Estimated progression-free survival and overall median survival were 8.5 and 23.5 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Biweekly COI is feasible and active. Tolerability and ease of administration make the regimen well suited for downsizing hepatic colorectal metastases before curative surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bajetta
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Fondazione IRCCS 'Istituto Nazionale Tumori', Milan, Italy.
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Bajetta E, Procopio G, Verzoni E, Mancin M, Pusceddu S, Bajetta R, Galassi M, Gevorgyan A. Safety and activity of sorafenib in advanced renal cell cancer: A single institution experience. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.15604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
15604 Background: Sorafenib is an oral multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor of RAF-kinase and VEGFR2, with antiangiogenic and antitumor activity in pretreated advanced renal cell cancer (RCC). Methods: In our institution, from December 2005 to November 2006, 131 consecutive patients(pts) with advanced RCC received sorafenib 400mg/bid/continuously. Main patient characteristics were: clear-cell cancer 106 pts, papillary-cell 15 pts, cromophobe-cell 3pts, collecting duct carcinoma 3pts, other histotypes 4pts. Previous nephrectomy was performed in 122 pts with median relapse free survival of 23 months (range 3–180 mos). The most common site of disease was lung, whereas 94 pts had 2 or more secondary disease locations. According to Motzer’s prognostic score 85 pts were at low risk, 36 pts and 10 pts at intermediate and high risk respectively . 12 pts were treatment naïve for metastatic disease. 68 and 51pts received one or at least two systemic treatments respectively. Results: Currently, 106 pts are evaluable for safety and objective response. According to the RECIST criteria, the activity of sorafenib in terms of tumor shrinkage was observed in 32 pts(31%) with 10 partial response (9.5%) and 22 minor response (21%) respectively. Stable disease was seen in 42 pts (41%) and progressive disease in 28 pts (26%), 4 pts were not evaluable for response. Overall, 74 pts (72%) had disease growth control. Median duration of response was 8 months and median time to progression was 6.5 mos, median overall survival has not been reached yet. The most common treatment-emergent adverse effects seen in 78% of pts, were grade (G) 1/2 (NCI-CTC) and included hand foot syndrome, rash, diarrhea, fatigue, hypertension and mucositis. Dose modification due to G3–4 adverse event, such as skin toxicity and cardiovascular events, was performed in 35 pts(32%). Conclusion: sorafenib is effective in terms of tumor growth control in untreated as well as in pretreated patients and in different hystotypes of renal cell cancer. Particularly, in heavily pretreated patients the number and severity of drug related toxicity suggests the dose reduction as possible standard therapy. The Authors would like to thank (I.T.M.O) Italian Trials in Medical Oncology for editorial assistance. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Bidoli P, Zilembo N, Cortinovis D, Mariani L, Isa L, Aitini E, Cullurà D, Pari F, Nova P, Mancin M, Formisano B, Bajetta E. Randomized phase II three-arm trial with three platinum-based doublets in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. An Italian Trials in Medical Oncology study. Ann Oncol 2007; 18:461-7. [PMID: 17110590 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdl415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) do not tolerate cisplatin-based regimens because of its nonhemathological toxicity. PATIENTS AND METHODS We evaluated the response rate safety of new platinum analogue regimens, randomizing 147 patients with nonoperable IIIB/IV NSCLC to (i) carboplatin (area under the curve = 5 mg min/ml) on day 1 plus gemcitabine (GEM) (1000 mg/m(2)) on days 1 and 8 for six cycles; (ii) same regimen for three cycles followed by docetaxel (Taxotere) (40 mg/m(2)) on days 1 and 8 plus GEM (1250 mg/m(2)) on days 1 and 8 for three cycles; (iii) oxaliplatin (130 mg/m(2)) on day 1 plus GEM (1250 mg/m(2)) on days 1 and 8 for six cycles. RESULTS Intention-to-treat objective response rates were 25%, 25% and 30.6% in arms A, B and C, respectively. Median survival was 11.9, 9.2 and 11.3 months in arms A, B and C, respectively. Grade 3/4 neutropenia/anemia occurred in 29%/12.5%, 10%/16.5% and 8%/6% of arms A, B and C, respectively; grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia in 20.5%, 16.5% and 6%; grade 1/2 neurological toxicity in 43% of arm C. CONCLUSIONS Oxaliplatin/GEM (arm C) had similar activity to carboplatin/GEM (arm A), but milder hematological toxicity and may be worth testing in a phase III study against carboplatin/GEM in patients not suitable for cisplatin. The sequential regimen gave no additional benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bidoli
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori i, Milan, Italy
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Procopio G, Verzoni E, Gevorgyan A, Mancin M, Pusceddu S, Catena L, Platania M, Guadalupi V, Martinetti A, Bajetta E. Safety and Activity of Sorafenib in Different Histotypes of Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma. Oncology 2007; 73:204-9. [PMID: 18418013 DOI: 10.1159/000127387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2007] [Accepted: 09/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Procopio
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy.
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Bajetta E, Beretta E, Di Bartolomeo M, Mariani L, Valvo F, Ferrario E, Mancin M, Dognini G, Buzzoni R. Capecitabine chemoradiation for rectal cancer after curative surgery. J Chemother 2006; 18:85-9. [PMID: 16572898 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2006.18.1.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the tolerability and feasibility of capecitabine, an oral fluoropyrimidine, chemoradiation as postoperative treatment. Stage II-III rectal cancer patients received 2 cycles of bolus 5-FU (425 mg/m2) and leucovorin (LV) (20 mg/m2) on days 1-5 q3w followed by oral capecitabine (800 mg/m2 bid) continuously during pelvic radiotherapy (total 50.4 Gy). Two additional cycles of 5-FU/LV were finally administered. Forty-one radically resected patients (median age: 61 years) were enrolled. All patients were evaluable for safety. Grade 3 adverse events included: proctitis (n = 3, 7%), diarrhea (n = 5, 12%), and leukopenia (n = 1, 2%). The overall rate of grade 3 diarrhea and leukopenia was 15% (95% confidence interval, 5-29%). Capecitabine chemoradiation in the adjuvant setting is well tolerated and is convenient to administer. These results support the use and further study of capecitabine chemoradiation in radically resected rectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bajetta
- Medical Oncology Unit 2, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milano, Italy.
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Vascellari M, Aufiero GM, Nonno R, Agrimi U, Vaccari G, Basilicata L, Falcaro C, Mancin M, Marcon S, Mutinelli F. Diagnosis and PrP genotype target of scrapie in clinically healthy sheep of Massese breed in the framework of a scrapie eradication programme. Arch Virol 2005; 150:1959-76. [PMID: 15931459 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-005-0564-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2004] [Accepted: 04/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The application of a selective culling programme in two scrapie affected flocks of Massese breed sheep is described. The genetic susceptibility of this breed and the sensitivity of different diagnostic methods in the pre-clinical diagnosis of scrapie were also investigated. Overall, 2,068 clinically healthy sheep underwent PrP genotyping, providing the basis for selective culling. The prevalence of scrapie infection was investigated in susceptible sheep by two independent diagnostic methods. All the sheep older than 18 months (n = 620) were tested by Prionics Check Western rapid test on the obex, with a prevalence of infection of 3.9%. Furthermore, 385 sheep underwent immunohistochemistry (IHC) on retropharyngeal lymph node (RPLN), with a prevalence of infection of 5.2%. Overall, 32 sheep were diagnosed with pre-clinical scrapie. Of these, 31 were positive by Western blot on the spleen, 29 by IHC on the RPLN and tonsil, 28 by IHC on the obex, 24 by rapid test, and only 18 by IHC on the third eyelid. All the scrapie positive sheep were of the ARQ/ARQ, ARQ/AHQ or ARQ/VRQ genotypes. No significant differences in scrapie prevalence were observed among these genotypes. The estimated risk of the three targeted alleles was also similar, suggesting that in this breed the VRQ allele was not at higher risk for scrapie, compared to the ARQ and AHQ alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vascellari
- Histopathology Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
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