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Delfinis LJ, Ogilvie LM, Khajehzadehshoushtar S, Gandhi S, Garibotti MC, Thuhan AK, Matuszewska K, Pereira M, Jones RG, Cheng AJ, Hawke TJ, Greene NP, Murach KA, Simpson JA, Petrik J, Perry CGR. Muscle weakness and mitochondrial stress occur before metastasis in a novel mouse model of ovarian cancer cachexia. bioRxiv 2024:2024.04.08.588639. [PMID: 38645227 PMCID: PMC11030380 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.08.588639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Objectives A high proportion of women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) experience weakness and cachexia. This relationship is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. EOC is the most lethal gynecological cancer, yet no preclinical cachexia model has demonstrated the combined hallmark features of metastasis, ascites development, muscle loss and weakness in adult immunocompetent mice. Methods Here, we evaluated a new model of ovarian cancer-induced cachexia with the advantages of inducing cancer in adult immunocompetent C57BL/6J mice through orthotopic injections of EOC cells in the ovarian bursa. We characterized the development of metastasis, ascites, muscle atrophy, muscle weakness, markers of inflammation, and mitochondrial stress in the tibialis anterior (TA) and diaphragm ∼45, ∼75 and ∼90 days after EOC injection. Results Primary ovarian tumour sizes were progressively larger at each time point while robust metastasis, ascites development, and reductions in body, fat and muscle weights occurred by 90 Days. There were no changes in certain inflammatory (TNFα), atrogene (MURF1 and Atrogin) or GDF15 markers within both muscles whereas IL-6 was increased at 45 and 90 Day groups in the diaphragm. TA weakness in 45 Day preceded atrophy and metastasis that were observed later (75 and 90 Day, respectively). The diaphragm demonstrated both weakness and atrophy in 45 Day. In both muscles, this pre-metastatic muscle weakness corresponded with considerable reprogramming of gene pathways related to mitochondrial bioenergetics as well as reduced functional measures of mitochondrial pyruvate oxidation and creatine-dependent ADP/ATP cycling as well as increased reactive oxygen species emission (hydrogen peroxide). Remarkably, muscle force per unit mass at 90 days was partially restored in the TA despite the presence of atrophy and metastasis. In contrast, the diaphragm demonstrated progressive weakness. At this advanced stage, mitochondrial pyruvate oxidation in both muscles exceeded control mice suggesting an apparent metabolic super-compensation corresponding with restored indices of creatine-dependent adenylate cycling. Conclusion This mouse model demonstrates the concurrent development of cachexia and metastasis that occurs in women with EOC. The model provides physiologically relevant advantages of inducing tumour development within the ovarian bursa in immunocompetent adult mice. Moreover, the model reveals that muscle weakness in both TA and diaphragm precedes metastasis while weakness also precedes atrophy in the TA. An underlying mitochondrial bioenergetic stress corresponded with this early weakness. Collectively, these discoveries can direct new research towards the development of therapies that target pre-atrophy and pre-metastatic weakness during EOC in addition to therapies targeting cachexia. Highlights This study reports the first orthotopic model of metastatic ovarian cancer cachexia that can be induced in adult immunocompetent miceDiaphragm and limb muscle weakness precedes metastasis and atrophy during ovarian cancerSkeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative and redox stress signatures occur during pre-metastatic stages of ovarian cancerSpecific muscle force as well as mitochondrial pyruvate oxidation and creatine metabolism demonstrate compensation in later stagesOvarian cancer has heterogeneous effects on distinct muscle types across time.
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Bellissimo CA, Gandhi S, Castellani LN, Murugathasan M, Delfinis LJ, Thuhan A, Garibotti MC, Seo Y, Rebalka IA, Hsu HH, Sweeney G, Hawke TJ, Abdul-Sater AA, Perry CGR. The slow-release adiponectin analog ALY688-SR modifies early-stage disease development in the D2. mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1011-C1026. [PMID: 38145301 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00638.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is associated with respiratory and limb muscle atrophy in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Current standard of care partially delays the progression of this myopathy but there remains an unmet need to develop additional therapies. Adiponectin receptor agonism has emerged as a possible therapeutic target to lower inflammation and improve metabolism in mdx mouse models of DMD but the degree to which fibrosis and atrophy are prevented remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the recently developed slow-release peptidomimetic adiponectin analog, ALY688-SR, remodels the diaphragm of murine model of DMD on DBA background (D2.mdx) mice treated from days 7-28 of age during early stages of disease. ALY688-SR also lowered interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA but increased IL-6 and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) protein contents in diaphragm, suggesting dynamic inflammatory remodeling. ALY688-SR alleviated mitochondrial redox stress by decreasing complex I-stimulated H2O2 emission. Treatment also attenuated fibrosis, fiber type-specific atrophy, and in vitro diaphragm force production in diaphragm suggesting a complex relationship between adiponectin receptor activity, muscle remodeling, and force-generating properties during the very early stages of disease progression in murine model of DMD on DBA background (D2.mdx) mice. In tibialis anterior, the modest fibrosis at this young age was not altered by treatment, and atrophy was not apparent at this young age. These results demonstrate that short-term treatment of ALY688-SR in young D2.mdx mice partially prevents fibrosis and fiber type-specific atrophy and lowers force production in the more disease-apparent diaphragm in relation to lower mitochondrial redox stress and heterogeneous responses in certain inflammatory markers. These diverse muscle responses to adiponectin receptor agonism in early stages of DMD serve as a foundation for further mechanistic investigations.NEW & NOTEWORTHY There are limited therapies for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. As fibrosis involves an accumulation of collagen that replaces muscle fibers, antifibrotics may help preserve muscle function. We report that the novel adiponectin receptor agonist ALY688-SR prevents fibrosis in the diaphragm of D2.mdx mice with short-term treatment early in disease progression. These responses were related to altered inflammation and mitochondrial functions and serve as a foundation for the development of this class of therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred mdx
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/drug therapy
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/pathology
- Adiponectin/genetics
- Disease Models, Animal
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism
- Receptors, Adiponectin/genetics
- Receptors, Adiponectin/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Diaphragm/metabolism
- Fibrosis
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Disease Progression
- Atrophy/metabolism
- Atrophy/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Bellissimo
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shivam Gandhi
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura N Castellani
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mayoorey Murugathasan
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luca J Delfinis
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arshdeep Thuhan
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Madison C Garibotti
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yeji Seo
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Irena A Rebalka
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Henry H Hsu
- Allysta Pharmaceuticals Inc, Bellevue, Washington, United States
| | - Gary Sweeney
- Department of Biology, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas J Hawke
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali A Abdul-Sater
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher G R Perry
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Garibotti MC, Khajehzadehshoushtar S, Andrews NJ, Malekzadeh R. Age-related changes of skeletal muscle metabolic response to contraction are also sex-dependent. J Physiol 2023. [PMID: 38149728 DOI: 10.1113/jp285736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Madison C Garibotti
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shahrzad Khajehzadehshoushtar
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nathaniel J Andrews
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rohin Malekzadeh
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology & Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Garibotti MC, Perry CGR. Strength athletes and mitochondria: It's about 'time'. J Physiol 2023. [PMID: 37306149 DOI: 10.1113/jp284856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Madison C Garibotti
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher G R Perry
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Delfinis LJ, Bellissimo CA, Gandhi S, DiBenedetto SN, Garibotti MC, Thuhan AK, Tsitkanou S, Rosa-Caldwell ME, Rahman FA, Cheng AJ, Wiggs MP, Schlattner U, Quadrilatero J, Greene NP, Perry CG. Muscle weakness precedes atrophy during cancer cachexia and is linked to muscle-specific mitochondrial stress. JCI Insight 2022; 7:155147. [PMID: 36346680 PMCID: PMC9869968 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.155147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle weakness and wasting are defining features of cancer-induced cachexia. Mitochondrial stress occurs before atrophy in certain muscles, but the possibility of heterogeneous responses between muscles and across time remains unclear. Using mice inoculated with Colon-26 cancer, we demonstrate that specific force production was reduced in quadriceps and diaphragm at 2 weeks in the absence of atrophy. At this time, pyruvate-supported mitochondrial respiration was lower in quadriceps while mitochondrial H2O2 emission was elevated in diaphragm. By 4 weeks, atrophy occurred in both muscles, but specific force production increased to control levels in quadriceps such that reductions in absolute force were due entirely to atrophy. Specific force production remained reduced in diaphragm. Mitochondrial respiration increased and H2O2 emission was unchanged in both muscles versus control while mitochondrial creatine sensitivity was reduced in quadriceps. These findings indicate muscle weakness precedes atrophy and is linked to heterogeneous mitochondrial alterations that could involve adaptive responses to metabolic stress. Eventual muscle-specific restorations in specific force and bioenergetics highlight how the effects of cancer on one muscle do not predict the response in another muscle. Exploring heterogeneous responses of muscle to cancer may reveal new mechanisms underlying distinct sensitivities, or resistance, to cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca J. Delfinis
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine A. Bellissimo
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shivam Gandhi
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara N. DiBenedetto
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Madison C. Garibotti
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arshdeep K. Thuhan
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stavroula Tsitkanou
- Cachexia Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, College of Education and Health Professions, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Megan E. Rosa-Caldwell
- Cachexia Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, College of Education and Health Professions, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Fasih A. Rahman
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arthur J. Cheng
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael P. Wiggs
- Mooney Lab for Exercise, Nutrition, and Biochemistry, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Uwe Schlattner
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, University Grenoble Alpes and INSERM U1055, Grenoble, France, and Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Joe Quadrilatero
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicholas P. Greene
- Cachexia Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, College of Education and Health Professions, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Christopher G.R. Perry
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Bellissimo CA, Garibotti MC, Perry CGR. Mitochondrial Stress Responses in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Metabolic Dysfunction or Adaptive Reprogramming? Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C718-C730. [PMID: 35816642 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00249.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial stress may be a secondary contributor to muscle weakness in inherited muscular dystrophies. Duchenne muscular dystrophy has received the majority of attention whereby most discoveries suggest mitochondrial ATP synthesis may be reduced. However, not all studies support this finding. Furthermore, some studies have reported increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and propensity for permeability transition pore formation as an inducer of apoptosis, although divergent findings have also been described. A closer examination of the literature suggests the degree and direction of mitochondrial stress responses may depend on the progression of the disease, the muscle type examined, the mouse model employed with regards to pre-clinical research, the precise metabolic pathways in consideration, and in some cases the in vitro technique used to assess a given mitochondrial bioenergetic function. One intent of this review is to provide careful considerations for future experimental designs to resolve the heterogeneous nature of mitochondrial stress during the progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Such considerations have implications for other muscular dystrophies as well which are addressed briefly herein. A renewed perspective of the term 'mitochondrial dysfunction' is presented whereby stress responses might be re-explored in future investigations as direct contributors to myopathy vs an adaptive 'reprogramming' intended to maintain homeostasis in the face of disease stressors themselves. In so doing, the prospective development of mitochondrial enhancement therapies can be driven by advances in perspectives as much as experimental approaches when resolving the precise relationships between mitochondrial remodelling and muscle weakness in Duchenne and, indeed, other muscular dystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Bellissimo
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Madison C Garibotti
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher G R Perry
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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