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Arafa ESA, Elgendy NO, Elhemely MA, Abdelaleem EA, Mohamed WR. Diosmin mitigates dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis in vivo: Role of Runx2, RANKL/OPG, and oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114461. [PMID: 36889109 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary osteoporosis is commonly caused by long-term intake of glucocorticoids (GCs), such as dexamethasone (DEX). Diosmin, a natural substance with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, is clinically used for treating some vascular disorders. The current work targeted exploring the protective properties of diosmin to counteract DEX-induced osteoporosis in vivo. Rats were administered DEX (7 mg/kg) once weekly for 5 weeks, and in the second week, vehicle or diosmin (50 or 100 mg/kg/day) for the next four weeks. Femur bone tissues were collected and processed for histological and biochemical examinations. The study findings showed that diosmin alleviated the histological bone impairments caused by DEX. In addition, diosmin upregulated the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) and the mRNA transcripts of Wingless (Wnt) and osteocalcin. Furthermore, diosmin counteracted the rise in the mRNA levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL) and the reduction in osteoprotegerin (OPG), both were induced by DEX. Diosmin restored the oxidant/antioxidant equilibrium and exerted significant antiapoptotic activity. The aforementioned effects were more pronounced at the dose level of 100 mg/kg. Collectively, diosmin has proven to protect rats against DEX-induced osteoporosis by augmenting osteoblast and bone development while hindering osteoclast and bone resorption. Our findings could be used as a stand for recommending supplementation of diosmin for patients chronically using GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Shaimaa A Arafa
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates; Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt.
| | - Noran O Elgendy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mai A Elhemely
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Eglal A Abdelaleem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt.
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El-Shiekh RA, Elhemely MA, Naguib IA, Bukhari SI, Elshimy R. Luteolin 4′-Neohesperidoside Inhibits Clinically Isolated Resistant Bacteria In Vitro and In Vivo. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062609. [PMID: 36985581 PMCID: PMC10053799 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) pathogens are usually associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates. Flavonoids are good candidates for the development of new potential antimicrobials. This research investigated whether luteolin 4′-neohesperidoside (L4N) has antibacterial and synergistic activities against four antibiotic-resistant pathogens: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Klebsiella pneumoniae, fosA-positive shiga toxin producing the Escherichia coli serogroup O111 (STEC O111), and Bacillus cereus. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed highly potent anti-MRSA (MIC of 106.66 ± 6.95 µg/mL), anti-K. pneumoniae (MIC of 53.33 ± 8.47 µg/mL) and anti-STEC O111 (MIC of 26.66 ± 5.23 µg/mL) activities. Significant synergistic combination was clearly noted in the case of gentamycin (GEN) against Gram-negative bacteria. In the case of B. cereus, the combination of vancomycin (VAN) with L4N could efficiently inhibit bacterial growth, despite the pathogen being VAN-resistant (MIC of 213.33 ± 7.9 µg/mL). In vivo evaluation of L4N showed significant decreases in K. pneumoniae and STEC shedding and colonization. Treatment could significantly diminish the levels of pro-inflammatory markers, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and immunoglobulin (IgM). Additionally, the renal and pulmonary lesions were remarkably enhanced, with a significant decrease in the bacterial loads in the tissues. Finally, this study presents L4N as a potent substitute for traditional antibiotics with anti-STEC O111 and anti-K. pneumoniae potential, a finding which is reported here for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riham A. El-Shiekh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Correspondence: (R.A.E.-S.); (M.A.E.)
| | - Mai A. Elhemely
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Correspondence: (R.A.E.-S.); (M.A.E.)
| | - Ibrahim A. Naguib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah I. Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Elshimy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza 12451, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Egyptian Drug Authority, Giza 12511, Egypt
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Taha S, Mohamed WR, Elhemely MA, El-Gendy AO, Mohamed T. Tunable femtosecond laser suppresses the proliferation of breast cancer in vitro. J Photochem Photobiol B 2023; 240:112665. [PMID: 36736031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, the most frequently diagnosed cancer is female breast cancer, and it poses a serious global health threat. Traditional cancer therapies are associated with various side effects, so developing better therapies for breast cancer is necessary, such as laser therapy which could be a promising treatment option. The aim of the current study was to investigate the femtosecond laser irradiation effect on breast cancer using T47D cell line as an in vitro model. Cells were seeded at a density of 5 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates and incubated overnight. After that, the cells were exposed to femtosecond laser irradiation at various wavelengths falling in the UV, visible, and IR ranges for 3, 5, or 10 min and at a constant power of 100 mW. Cell viability was measured directly and 24 h after femtosecond laser irradiation using MTT assay. When using different femtosecond laser irradiation parameters, especially the 380 and 400 nm femtosecond laser irradiation, there was significant inhibition of breast cancer cell growth, either directly or 24 h after femtosecond laser exposure. Also, 420 and 440 nm significantly affected the viability of the cells. It was also observed that increasing exposure time enhances the observed effect, so 10 min exposure time was the best time of exposure. However, 700, 720, 750, and 780 nm did not significantly affect the cells viability with different exposure times. It was possible to conclude from the aforementioned results that femtosecond laser irradiation exerted a significant anticancer effect against T47D cells. Consequently, the femtosecond laser could be used successfully for breast cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa Taha
- Laser Institute for Research and Applications LIRA, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Laser Institute for Research and Applications LIRA, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mai A Elhemely
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Ahmed O El-Gendy
- Laser Institute for Research and Applications LIRA, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Tarek Mohamed
- Laser Institute for Research and Applications LIRA, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; Department of Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia.
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Elhemely MA, Belgath AA, El-Sayed S, Burusco KK, Kadirvel M, Tirella A, Finegan K, Bryce RA, Stratford IJ, Freeman S. SAR of Novel 3-Arylisoquinolinones: meta-Substitution on the Aryl Ring Dramatically Enhances Antiproliferative Activity through Binding to Microtubules. J Med Chem 2022; 65:4783-4797. [PMID: 35290041 PMCID: PMC9098178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A set of meta-substituted 3-arylisoquinolinones have been identified that show substantial cytotoxicity in breast, liver, lung and colon cancer cell lines; these are up to 700-fold more active than the corresponding para analogues. These compounds were initially proposed as inhibitors of N-ribosyl dihydronicotinamide (NRH): quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) but were found to be inactive against the enzyme. Instead, COMPARE analysis suggested that 6-fluoro-3-(meta-fluorophenyl)isoquinolin-1(2H)-one (4) could mimic colchicine and interact with microtubules, a recognized target for cancer therapy. Subsequent docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and free energy analysis further suggested that compound 4 bound well into the colchicine-binding pocket of tubulin. Indeed, 4 suppressed tubulin polymerization, caused G2/M cell cycle arrest, and induced apoptosis. Also, 4 inhibited the formation of endothelial cell capillary-like tubes and further disrupted the structure of preestablished tubes; the effects were not observed with para analogue 5. In accordance with this, the computed free energy of binding of 5 to tubulin was lower in magnitude than that for 4 and appeared to arise in part from the inability of the para substituent to occupy a tubulin subpocket, which is possible in the meta orientation. In conclusion, the antiproliferative potential of the novel 3-arylisoquinolinones is markedly influenced by a subtle change in the structure (meta versus para). The meta-substituted isoquinolinone 4 is a microtubule-destabilizing agent with potential tumor-selectivity and antiangiogenic and vascular disrupting features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai A Elhemely
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Asma A Belgath
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Sherihan El-Sayed
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Kepa K Burusco
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Manikandan Kadirvel
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Annalisa Tirella
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.,BIOtech Center for Biomedical Technologies, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via delle Regole 101, Trento 38123, Italy
| | - Katherine Finegan
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Richard A Bryce
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Ian J Stratford
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Sally Freeman
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
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Elhemely MA, Omar HA, Ain-Shoka AA, Abd El-Latif HA, Abo-youssef AM, El Sherbiny GA. Rosuvastatin and ellagic acid protect against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in hyperlipidemic rats. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjbas.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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