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Jalal MM, Mir R, Hamadi A, Altayar MA, Elfaki I, Barnawi J, Alkayyal AA, Amr M, Hadeel J, Moawadh MS, Alsaedi BSO, Alhelali MH, Yousif A. Association of Genetic and Allelic Variants of Von Willebrand Factor (VWF), Glutathione S-Transferase and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha with Ischemic Stroke Susceptibility and Progression in the Saudi Population. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051200. [PMID: 37240845 DOI: 10.3390/life13051200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a key cerebrovascular disease and important cause of death and disability worldwide, including in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). It has a large economic burden and serious socioeconomic impacts on patients, their families and the community. The incidence of ischemic stroke is probably increased by the interaction of GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes with high blood pressure, diabetes and cigarette smoking. The roles of VWF, GSTs and TNF-alpha gene variations in the induction of stroke are still uncertain and require further examination. In the current study, we studied the associations of SNPs in the genes VWF, GSTs and TNF-alpha with stroke in the Saudi population. Genotyping was performed using the ARMS -PCR for TNF-alpha, AS-PCR for VWF and multiplex PCR for GSTs. The study included 210 study subjects: 100 stroke cases and 110 healthy controls. We obtained significant distributions of VWF rs61748511 T > C, TNF-alpha rs1800629 G > A and GST rs4025935 and rs71748309 genotypes between stroke cases and the healthy controls (p < 0.05). The results also indicated that the TNF-alpha A allele was associated with risk of stroke with odd ratio (OR) = 2.22 and risk ratio = RR 2.47, p < 0.05. Similarly, the VWF-TC genotype and C allele were strongly linked with stroke with OR = 8.12 and RR 4.7, p < 0.05. In addition, GSTT1 and GSTT1 null genotype was strongly associated with stroke predisposition with OR = 8.30 and RR = 2.25, p < 0.0001. We conclude that there is a possible strong association between the VWF-T > C, TNF-alpha G > A, GSTT1 gene variants and ischemic stroke susceptibility in the Saudi population. However, future well-designed and large-scale case-control studies on protein-protein interactions and protein functional studies are required to verify these findings and examine the effects of these SNPs on these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Jalal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Hamadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malik A Altayar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imadeldin Elfaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jameel Barnawi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Prince Fahad Bin Sultan Chair for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Almohanad A Alkayyal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mouminah Amr
- Neuroscience Center, King Abdullah Medical Complex, Jeddah 23816, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jabali Hadeel
- Department of Radiology, King Abdullah Medical Complex, Jeddah 23816, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamdoh S Moawadh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basim S O Alsaedi
- Department of Statistics, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan H Alhelali
- Department of Statistics, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aadil Yousif
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Amer OM, Mir R, Hamadi A, Alasseiri MI, Altayar MA, AlZamzami W, Moawadh M, Alatawi S, Niaz HA, Oyouni AAA, Alzahrani OR, Alatwi HE, Albalawi AE, Alsharif KF, Albrakati A, Hawsawi YM. Antiapoptotic Gene Genotype and Allele Variations and the Risk of Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041012. [PMID: 36831357 PMCID: PMC9954290 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The findings of earlier investigations of antiapoptotic gene genotypes and allele variants on lymphoma risk are ambiguous. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the mutation in the antiapoptotic genes and lymphoma risk among Saudi patients. METHODS This case-control study included 205 patients, 100 of whom had lymphoma (cases) and 105 who were healthy volunteers (controls). We used tetra amplification refractory mutation polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify antiapoptotic genes such as B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2-938 C > A), MCL1-rs9803935 T > G, and survivin (BIRC5-rs17882312 G > C and BIRC5-rs9904341 G > C). Allelic-specific PCR was used to identify alleles such as BIRC5-C, MCL1-G, and BIRC5-G. RESULTS The dominant inheritance model among cases showed that mutations in all four antiapoptotic genes were more likely to be associated with the risk of lymphoma by the odds of 2.0-, 1.98-, 3.90-, and 3.29-fold, respectively, compared to controls. Apart from the BCL-2-A allele, all three specified alleles were more likely to be associated with lymphoma by the odds of 2.04-, 1.65-, and 2.11-fold, respectively. CONCLUSION Unlike healthy individuals, lymphoma patients are more likely to have antiapoptotic gene genotypes and allele variants, apart from BCL-2-A alterations. In the future, these findings could be used to classify and identify patients at risk of lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M. Al-Amer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Hamadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed I. Alasseiri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malik A. Altayar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waseem AlZamzami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamdoh Moawadh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sael Alatawi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan A. Niaz
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Abdulwahab A. Oyouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman R. Alzahrani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan E. Alatwi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aishah E. Albalawi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalaf F. Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Albrakati
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef M. Hawsawi
- Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, MBC-J04, P.O. Box 40047, Jeddah 21499, Saudi Arabia
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Mir R, Elfaki I, Javid J, Barnawi J, Altayar MA, Albalawi SO, Jalal MM, Tayeb FJ, Yousif A, Ullah MF, AbuDuhier FM. Genetic Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease: The Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase 3 (eNOS3), Krüppel-Like Factor-14 (KLF-14), Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR), MiRNAs27a and Their Association with the Predisposition and Susceptibility to Coronary Artery Disease. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12111905. [PMID: 36431040 PMCID: PMC9697170 DOI: 10.3390/life12111905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is an important cause of death worldwide. CAD is caused by genetic and other factors including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, stress, unhealthy diet, physical inactively, smoking and Type 2 diabetes (T2D). The genome wide association studies (GWASs) have revealed the association of many loci with risk to diseases such as cancers, T2D and CAD. Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent vasodilator and is required for normal vascular health. It is produced in the endothelial cells in a reaction catalyzed by the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a very important enzyme involved in metabolism of folate and homocysteine, and its reduced function leads to cardiovascular disease. The Krüppel-like factor-14 (KLF-14) is an important transcriptional regulator that has been implicated in metabolic syndrome. MicroRNA (MiRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate the gene expression of proteins involved in important physiological processes including cell cycle and metabolism. In the present study, we have investigated the potential impact of germline pathogenic variants of endothelial eNOS, KLF-14, MTHFR, MiRNA-27a and their association with risk to CAD in the Saudi population. Methods: Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS) PCR was used to detect MTHFR, KLF-14, miRNA-27a and eNOS3 genotyping in CAD patients and healthy controls. About 125 CAD cases and 125 controls were enrolled in this study and statistical associations were calculated including p-value, risk ratio (RR), and odds ratio (OD). Results: There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in genotype distributions of MTHFR 677 C>T, KLF-14 rs972283 G>A, miRNAs27a rs895819 A>G and eNOS3 rs1799983 G>T between CAD patients and controls. In addition, our results indicated that the MTHFR-TT genotype was associated with increased CAD susceptibility with an OR 2.75 (95%) and p < 0.049, and the KLF14-AA genotype was also associated with increased CAD susceptibility with an OR of 2.24 (95%) and p < 0.024. Moreover, the miRNAs27a-GG genotype protects from CAD risk with an OR = 0.31 (0.016), p = 0.016. Our results also indicated that eNOS3 -GT genotype is associated with CAD susceptibility with an OR = 2.65, and p < 0.0003. Conclusion: The MTHFR 677C>T, KLF14 rs972283 G>A, miRNAs27a A>G, and eNOS3 rs1799983 G>T genotypes were associated with CAD susceptibility (p < 0.05). These findings require verification in future large-scale population based studies before these loci are used for the prediction and identification of individuals at risk to CAD. Weight control, physical activity, and smoking cessation are very influential recommendations given by clinicians to the at risk individuals to reduce or delay the development of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Mir
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (I.E.)
| | - Imadeldin Elfaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (I.E.)
| | - Jamsheed Javid
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jameel Barnawi
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malik A. Altayar
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Owaid Albalawi
- Department of Cardiology, King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Jalal
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris J. Tayeb
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aadil Yousif
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Fahad Ullah
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisel M. AbuDuhier
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
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Mahnashi MH, Ahmad T, Alamgeer, Mushtaq MN, Malik MNH, Ahmad M, Javed A, Jalal MM, Altayar MA, Albloshi A. Investigation of the cardiac depressant effect of Caralluma tuberculate N.E.Br on isolated rabbit heart. TROP J PHARM RES 2022. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v21i10.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the histopathological and cardiac depressant effect of the aqueous methanol extract of Caralluma tuberculata N.E. Br (AMECT) (family: Asclepiadaceae)’ and to determine if there is a scientific basis for its cardiovascular diseases-related folkloric use.
Methods: The effect of AMECT in different concentrations ranging from 0.00001 to 1.0 mg/mL were evaluated in isolated perfused rabbit heart to assess their effect on the force of contraction and heart rate using Langendorff’s apparatus. Atropine and adrenaline were used to identify the underlying mechanism of response produced by AMECT. The extract was studied for its possible mechanism in the absence and presence of atropine and adrenaline. In addition, sub-chronic toxicity and histopathological study of heart tissues in rats were assessed by administering 500 mg/kg of extract.
Results: At all concentrations, AMECT produced significant (p < 0.001) negative ionotropic and negative chronotropic effects. The most significant effect was observed at 0.001 mg/mL and higher concentrations hence 0.001 mg/mL was selected for further studies. Pre-incubation with atropine did not significantly inhibit the effects of AMECT. However, AMECT significantly (p < 0.01) blocked the cardiac stimulant effect of adrenaline. In the histopathological studies, AMECT did not produce any significant cellular changes or signs of toxicity in the sub-chronic toxicity study.
Conclusion: The cardiac-depressant responses of AMECT may involve the β-adrenergic receptors in the myocardium of isolated rabbit heart thus confirming the rationale for its use in ethnomedicine for cardiac diseases.
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Oyouni AAA, Al-Amer OM, Ali FAZ, Altayar MA, Jalal MM, Albalawi RSM, Abuderman AA, Alsharif KF, AlZamzami W, Albrakati A, Elmahallawy EK. Melatonin ameliorates the adrenal and pancreatic alterations in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: Clinical, biochemical, and descriptive histopathological studies. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1016312. [PMID: 36337190 PMCID: PMC9634159 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1016312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of melatonin in diabetic rats. However, limited studies have been conducted on the potential effects of melatonin on the descriptive histopathological and morphometric findings in different compartments of the adrenal glands in diabetic animal models. In this study, using a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model, we sought to examine histological alterations in the pancreas and adrenal glands and observe the effect of the administration of melatonin on the histopathology and morphology of the pancreas and the adrenal gland cortex and medulla that are altered by STZ-induced hyperglycemia. Rats were randomly assigned to four different groups: Group I, normal control; Group II, melatonin group (MT) (10 mg/kg/day); Group III, (diabetic STZ group), and Group IV, diabetic (STZ) + melatonin group (MT). Throughout the experiment, the animals' fasting blood sugar levels were measured. Blood was obtained to determine the animals' cumulative blood sugar levels after sacrification. For histological and morphometrical evaluations, the pancreatic and adrenal gland tissues were dissected and processed. Our results showed that diabetic rats receiving melatonin significantly (P < 0.05) improved their fasting blood sugar and cumulative blood sugar levels compared to the diabetic group not receiving melatonin. Furthermore, histopathological examinations of the pancreatic and adrenal tissues of the diabetic rats indicated the occurrence of severe histopathological and morphometric changes. Morphometric analysis of the adrenals indicated a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the thickness of the cortex zones [zona glomerulosa (ZG), zona fasciculata (ZF), and zona reticularis (ZR)] for the diabetic STZ group compared with other groups, and a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the diameter of the in adrenal gland medullas in the diabetic STZ rats compared to the other groups. Furthermore, treatment with melatonin restored these changes in both the pancreatic and adrenal gland tissues and produced a significant (P < 0.05) improvement in the cortex and medulla thickness compared to the untreated diabetic rats. Overall, melatonin significantly reduced the hyperglycemic levels of glucose in diabetic rats and reversed the majority of histopathological alterations in the tissues of the pancreas and adrenals, demonstrating its anti-diabetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Abdulwahab A. Oyouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Atif Abdulwahab A. Oyouni
| | - Osama M. Al-Amer
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Abo Zakaib Ali
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Malik A. Altayar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Jalal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdulwahab Ali Abuderman
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalaf F. Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waseem AlZamzami
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Albrakati
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Department of Zoonotic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
- Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
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Velmurugan P, Moihanavel V, Altayar MA, Jalal MM, Kabrah SM, Qanash H, Almashjary MN, Alshehri OM, Kunwar VS. Outcome Prediction of Hematologic Malignancy in Critically Sick People. Biomed Res Int 2022; 2022:3234484. [PMID: 35898683 PMCID: PMC9313988 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3234484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
People with hematologic malignancies (HM) frequently postulate intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization due to organ damage caused by the disease process or treatment-related consequences. This study is aimed at looking at mortality and sign factors in adult patients with hematologic malignancy (HM) who have been hospitalized in the ICU. Death was one quality indicator; researchers used a machine learning approach to find determinants of death. As per the study, there have been 206 patients hospitalized in the ICU (mean age: 51.3 ± 13.6 years; 60% male). The average length of stay was three days, with 14.1% requiring extended ICU commitment. ICU death was 45.6% at 30 days, 62.6% at sixty days, and 74.3% at twelve months, rising to 59.2% at thirty days, 62.6% at sixty days, and 74.3% at twelve months. Ventilation systems and vasodilating medication were linked to higher ICU death, but admission to the ICU surgically and experiencing malignancies are linked with lower death rates. Patients with HM who are hospitalized in the ICU have a high mortality rate (45.6%), which rises to 74.3% after a year. Serious illness, postsurgical hospitalization, and malignancy were revealed as determinants of patient outcomes in multivariate analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanivel Velmurugan
- Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600073 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinayagam Moihanavel
- Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600073 Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India
| | - Malik A. Altayar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Jalal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M. Kabrah
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam Qanash
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha'il, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed N. Almashjary
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M. Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vijay Singh Kunwar
- Department of Biotechnology, Himalayan Whitehouse International College Address, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
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Altayar MA, Jalal MM, Kabrah A, Qashqari FSI, Jalal NA, Faidah H, Baghdadi MA, Kabrah S. Prevalence and Association of Transfusion Transmitted Infections with ABO and Rh Blood Groups among Blood Donors in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia: A 7-Year Retrospective Analysis. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58070857. [PMID: 35888577 PMCID: PMC9323328 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58070857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at determining the prevalence estimate and association of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) with ABO and Rh blood groups among blood donors at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH & RC) in the western region of Saudi Arabia. A retrospective study was conducted at the blood bank center of KFSH and RC from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2019. Data on ABO and Rh blood group testing, serological testing, molecular investigations, serological assays, nucleic acid testing (NATs), and socio-demographic information were gathered. During the study period, there were 959,431 blood donors at the KFSH and RC. The overall 7-year cumulative prevalence estimate of blood transfusion-transmitted infections among blood donors was low at 7.93%, with an average prevalence estimate of 0.66%. Donors with the O blood group, the O RhD +ve blood group, in particular, were more at risk of developing TTIs, whereas donors with the AB blood group, the AB RhD −ve blood group, in particular, were at the lowest risk of developing TTIs. In total, 96.9% of the blood donors were males (n = 916,567). Almost half of the blood donors belong to the O blood group (49.4%). A total of 861,279 (91.0%) donors were found to be RhD positive. The percentages of TTIs were found to be higher in RhD +ve donors compared with RhD −ve donors. The prevalence estimate of the hemoglobin C (HbC) infection was the most common TTI among the blood donors being 3.97%, followed by malaria being 2.21%. The least prevalence estimate of TTI in the present study was for NAT HIV being 0.02%. Significant associations were observed between RhD +ve and RhD −ve among the malaria-infected donors (A: χ2 = 26.618, p = 0.001; AB: χ2 = 23.540, p = 0.001; B: χ2 = 5.419, p = 0.020; O: χ2 = 68.701, p = 0.001). The current 7-year retrospective study showed a low level of TTIs among blood donors. However, we urge that more research encompassing the entire country be conducted in order to obtain more representative results in terms of the prevalence estimate and association of transfusion-transmitted infections with ABO and Rh blood groups in communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik A. Altayar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (M.M.J.)
| | - Mohammed M. Jalal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (M.M.J.)
| | - Ahmed Kabrah
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fadi S. I. Qashqari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (F.S.I.Q.); (N.A.J.); (H.F.)
| | - Naif A. Jalal
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (F.S.I.Q.); (N.A.J.); (H.F.)
| | - Hani Faidah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (F.S.I.Q.); (N.A.J.); (H.F.)
| | - Mohammed A. Baghdadi
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH & RC), Jeddah 23431, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saeed Kabrah
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-508009555
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Ajucarmelprecilla A, Pandi J, Dhandapani R, Ramanathan S, Chinnappan J, Paramasivam R, Thangavelu S, Mohammed Ghilan AK, Aljohani SAS, Oyouni AAA, Farasani A, Altayar MA, Althagafi HAE, Alzahrani OR, Durairaj K, Shrestha A. In Silico Identification of Hub Genes as Observing Biomarkers for Gastric Cancer Metastasis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022; 2022:6316158. [PMID: 35535159 PMCID: PMC9078768 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6316158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Perception of hub genes engaged in metastatic gastric cancer (mGC) promotes novel ways to diagnose and treat the illness. The goal of this investigation is to recognize the hub genes and reveal its molecular mechanism. In order to explore the potential facts for gastric cancer, the expression profiles of two different datasets were used (GSE161533 and GSE54129). The genes were confirmed to be part of the PPI network for gastric cancer pathogenesis and prognosis. In Cytoscape, the CytoHubba module was used to discover the hub genes. Responsible hub genes were identified. Data from Kaplan-Meier plotter confirmed the predictive value of these distinct genes in various stages of gastric malignancy. Upregulated and downregulated genes were identified to utilize for further analysis. Positive regulation by a host of viral process, positive regulation of granulocyte differentiation, negative regulation of histone H3-K9 methylation were found in DEGs analysis. In addition, five KEGG pathways were identified as an essential enhancer that include nucleotide excision repair; base excision repair; DNA replication; homologous recombination; and complement and coagulation cascades. POLE, BUB1B, POLD4, C3, BLM, CCT7, PRPF31, APEX1, PSMA7, and CDC45 were chosen as hub genes after combining the PPI results. Our study recommends that BUB1B, CCT7, APEX1, PSMA7, and CDC45 might be potential biomarkers for gastric cancer. These biomarkers are upregulated genes. Therefore, suppression of these genes will increase the survival rate in gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jhansi Pandi
- Medical Microbiology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
- Chimertech Private Limited, Chennai, India
| | | | - Saikishore Ramanathan
- Medical Microbiology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | - Sathiamoorthi Thangavelu
- Medical Microbiology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdul-Kareem Mohammed Ghilan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Ali S. Aljohani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Alrayan Colleges, Almadinah Almunawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Abdulwahab A. Oyouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Farasani
- Biomedical Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malik A. Altayar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Othman R. Alzahrani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kaliannan Durairaj
- Zoonosis Research Center, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Anupama Shrestha
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Applied Science, Tokha Kathmandu 2356, Nepal
- Department of Plant Protection, Himalayan College of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kalanki, 44600 Kathmandu, Nepal
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Allarakia BMA, Gattan H, Al-Ahmadi BM, Abdeen RH, Bazaid MB, Shater AF, Jalal MM, Saeedi NH, Mohammedsaleh ZM, Altayar MA, Alreshidi M, Bazaid AS. Laboratory Biomarkers Associated with Severity and Mortality of COVID-19. Clin Lab 2022; 68. [PMID: 35142175 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2021.210411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged late 2019 and has become a global pandemic. There is an urgent need for identification of biomarkers to predict severity of the disease for early treatment and to avoid mortality especially in high-risk population. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate laboratory results in COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia to identify potential biomarkers correlated with disease severity. METHODS Clinical records of 200 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from July to August 2020 at Jeddah East Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Laboratory tests including coagulation parameters, D-dimer, kidney, cardiac, and liver enzymes were statistically investigated in patients admitted to wards and intensive care units (ICU). RESULTS The majority of patients admitted to ward (156/200) were young (mean 47 years old) compared to those admitted to ICU (mean 60 years old), 14/44 passed away in the ICU. Magnesium was significantly (p < 0.05) elevated in the ICU group while blood urea nitrogen and creatinine level was significantly higher in deceased patients (p < 0.05). Lactate dehydrogenase results were high among all groups, compared to normal range, although its level significantly increased (p > 0.05) in ICU and death groups. CONCLUSIONS Elevated lactate dehydrogenase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels may increase the risk of ICU admission and death from COVID-19, which can be used as potential biomarkers for disease severity. Using these markers could help physicians choose the optimal therapeutical option and provide patients with better treatment.
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Mir R, Altayar MA, Hamadi A, Tayeb FJ, Saeedi NH, Jalal MM, Barnawi J, Alshammari SE, Mtiraoui N, Ali MEM, Abuduhier FM, Ullah MF. Molecular determination of progesterone receptor's PROGINS allele (Alu insertion) and its association with the predisposition and susceptibility to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Mamm Genome 2022; 33:508-516. [PMID: 34997844 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-021-09941-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome, previously known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, is associated with altered reproductive endocrinology, predisposing a young woman towards the risk of PCOS. It has a prevalence of 6-20% among the reproductive-age women. Progesterone is a key hormone in the pathophysiology of PCOS and patients show diminished response (progesterone resistance), implicating the role of progesterone receptor (PR) as a factor in the disease etiology and prognosis. In this case-control study, we have used mutation-specific PCR (confirmed by Sanger sequencing) to detect the presence of a pathologically significant PR polymorphic variant called as PROGINS. The variant has an Alu insertion in intron G and has two SNPs in exon 4 and exon 5, with all the three aberrations in complete disequilibrium. Our results demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the frequencies of PROGINS between the PCOS patients and healthy controls (p = 0.047). The frequencies of the genotypes CC (A1/A1), CT (A1/A2), and TT (A2/A2) in patients were 74.50%, 20.58%, and 4.90%, and in healthy controls they were 87.28%, 11%, and 1.69%, respectively. Our results put forward two determining factors with regard to PCOS: (i) the frequency of PROGINS allele was significantly higher among PCOS patients compared to the healthy matched controls (0.15 vs 0.07) in the studied population, (ii) the PROGIN allele was significantly associated with the lower levels of serum progesterone in PCOS patients (p < 0.003). The findings are conspicuous as these relate the PROGINS variant to the increased susceptibility of PCOS and might explain the progesterone resistance in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Mir
- Prince Fahd Research Chair, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malik A Altayar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Hamadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris J Tayeb
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nizar H Saeedi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Jalal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jameel Barnawi
- Prince Fahd Research Chair, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanad E Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil Mtiraoui
- Laboratory of Human Genome and Multifactorial Diseases, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | - Faisel M Abuduhier
- Prince Fahd Research Chair, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Fahad Ullah
- Prince Fahd Research Chair, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
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