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Cornet-Masana JM, Moreno-Martínez D, Lara-Castillo MC, Nomdedeu M, Etxabe A, Tesi N, Pratcorona M, Esteve J, Risueño RM. Emetine induces chemosensitivity and reduces clonogenicity of acute myeloid leukemia cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:23239-50. [PMID: 26992240 PMCID: PMC5029623 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an hematologic neoplasia characterized by the accumulation of transformed immature myeloid cells in bone marrow. Although the response rate to induction therapy is high, survival rate 5-year after diagnosis is still low, highlighting the necessity of new novel agents. To identify agents with the capability to abolish the self-renewal capacity of AML blasts, an in silico screening was performed to search for small molecules that induce terminal differentiation. Emetine, a hit compound, was validated for its anti-leukemic effect in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. Emetine, a second-line anti-protozoa drug, differentially reduced cell viability and clonogenic capacity of AML primary patient samples, sparing healthy blood cells. Emetine treatment markedly reduced AML burden in bone marrow of xenotransplanted mice and decreased self-renewal capacity of the remaining engrafted AML cells. Emetine also synergized with commonly used chemotherapeutic agents such as ara-C. At a molecular level, emetine treatment was followed by a reduction in HIF-1α protein levels. This study validated the anti-leukemiceffect of emetine in AML cell lines, a group of diverse AML primary samples, and in a human AML-transplanted murine model, sparing healthy blood cells. The selective anti-leukemic effect of emetine together with the safety of the dose range required to exert this effect support the development of this agent in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Meritxell Nomdedeu
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amaia Etxabe
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Niccolò Tesi
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Pratcorona
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Esteve
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth M Risueño
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
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Etxabe A, Lara-Castillo MC, Cornet-Masana JM, Banús-Mulet A, Nomdedeu M, Torrente MA, Pratcorona M, Díaz-Beyá M, Esteve J, Risueño RM. Inhibition of serotonin receptor type 1 in acute myeloid leukemia impairs leukemia stem cell functionality: a promising novel therapeutic target. Leukemia 2017; 31:2288-2302. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Nomdedeu M, Lara-Castillo MC, Etxabe A, Cornet-Masana JM, Pratcorona M, Díaz-Beyá M, Calvo X, Rozman M, Costa D, Esteve J, Risueño RM. Treatment with G-CSF reduces acute myeloid leukemia blast viability in the presence of bone marrow stroma. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:122. [PMID: 26696777 PMCID: PMC4687155 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The resulting clinical impact of the combined use of G-CSF with chemotherapy as a chemosensitizing strategy for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients is still controversial. In this study, the effect of ex vivo treatment with G-CSF on AML primary blasts was studied. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from AML patients were treated with G-CSF at increasing doses, alone or in co-culture with HS-5 stromal cells. Cell viability and surface phenotype was determined by flow cytometry 72 h after treatment. For clonogenicity assays, AML primary samples were treated for 18 h with G-CSF at increasing concentrations and cultured in methyl-cellulose for 14 days. Colonies were counted based on cellularity and morphology criteria. RESULTS The presence of G-CSF reduced the overall viability of AML cells co-cultured with bone marrow stroma; whereas, in absence of stroma, a negligible effect was observed. Moreover, clonogenic capacity of AML cells was significantly reduced upon treatment with G-CSF. Interestingly, reduction in the AML clonogenic capacity correlated with the sensitivity to chemotherapy observed in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These ex vivo results would provide a biological basis to data available from studies showing a clinical benefit with the use of G-CSF as a priming agent in patients with a chemosensitive AML and would support implementation of further studies exploring new strategies of chemotherapy priming in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Nomdedeu
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Campus Clínic-University of Barcelona, Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain ; Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Carmen Lara-Castillo
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Campus Clínic-University of Barcelona, Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amaia Etxabe
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Campus Clínic-University of Barcelona, Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep María Cornet-Masana
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Campus Clínic-University of Barcelona, Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Pratcorona
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Campus Clínic-University of Barcelona, Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain ; Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain ; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain ; Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomèdica, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Díaz-Beyá
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Campus Clínic-University of Barcelona, Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain ; Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain ; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Calvo
- Hematopathology Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Rozman
- Hematopathology Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolors Costa
- Hematopathology Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Esteve
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Campus Clínic-University of Barcelona, Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain ; Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain ; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth M Risueño
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Campus Clínic-University of Barcelona, Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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Moreno-Martínez D, Nomdedeu M, Lara-Castillo MC, Etxabe A, Pratcorona M, Tesi N, Díaz-Beyá M, Rozman M, Montserrat E, Urbano-Ispizua A, Esteve J, Risueño RM. XIAP inhibitors induce differentiation and impair clonogenic capacity of acute myeloid leukemia stem cells. Oncotarget 2015; 5:4337-46. [PMID: 24952669 PMCID: PMC4147327 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a neoplasia characterized by the rapid expansion of immature myeloid blasts in the bone marrow, and marked by poor prognosis and frequent relapse. As such, new therapeutic approaches are required for remission induction and prevention of relapse. Due to the higher chemotherapy sensitivity and limited life span of more differentiated AML blasts, differentiation-based therapies are a promising therapeutic approach. Based on public available gene expression profiles, a myeloid-specific differentiation-associated gene expression pattern was defined as the therapeutic target. A XIAP inhibitor (Dequalinium chloride, DQA) was identified in an in silico screening searching for small molecules that induce similar gene expression regulation. Treatment with DQA, similarly to Embelin (another XIAP inhibitor), induced cytotoxicity and differentiation in AML. XIAP inhibition differentially impaired cell viability of the most primitive AML blasts and reduced clonogenic capacity of AML cells, sparing healthy mature blood and hematopoietic stem cells. Taken together, these results suggest that XIAP constitutes a potential target for AML treatment and support the evaluation of XIAP inhibitors in clinical trials.
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