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Abstract
Vitiligo is a chronic disease of unknown etiology that causes progressive cutaneous depigmentation. Current pharmacological treatments have limited success and present significant risks. Many efforts have been made in recent years to explore new anti-vitiligo therapeutic strategies, including herbal-based therapies. The objective of the present review is to provide an updated overview on the most frequently used medicinal plants in the treatment of vitiligo. A bibliographical search was carried out in scientific databases Pubmed, Scifinder, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Medline up to October 2021 using the descriptors vitiligo, herbal, medicinal plants, and alternative therapies. In our search, the highest number of published studies comprise plants commonly used in traditional herbal medicine, highlighting the usefulness of ethnopharmacology in the discovery of new therapeutic agents. The review outlines current understanding and provides an insight into the role of psoralens and khellin (photosensitizing agents obtained from plants such as Cullen corylifolium or Ammi visnaga). The paper also describes other traditional herbs such as Ginkgo biloba, Phlebodium aureum, Piper nigrum, Picrorhiza kurroa, and Baccharoides anthelmintica that can likewise act as potential therapeutical agents. Based on our findings, photosensitizing agents in combination with phototherapy, the association of oral Phebodium aureum with phototherapies as well as oral G. biloba in monotherapy showed greater scientific evidence as therapeutic options. The research results emphasize that further investigation in this area is merited. More long-term follow up clinical trials and higher quality randomized trials are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Encarna Castillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia (Spain)
| | - María Eugenia González-Rosende
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia (Spain)
| | - Isabel Martínez-Solís
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia (Spain)
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Galiana-Roselló C, Aceves-Luquero C, González J, Martínez-Camarena Á, Villalonga R, Fernández de Mattos S, Soriano C, Llinares J, García-España E, Villalonga P, González-Rosende ME. Toward a Rational Design of Polyamine-Based Zinc-Chelating Agents for Cancer Therapies. J Med Chem 2020; 63:1199-1215. [PMID: 31935092 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In vitro viability assays against a representative panel of human cancer cell lines revealed that polyamines L1a and L5a displayed remarkable activity with IC50 values in the micromolar range. Preliminary research indicated that both compounds promoted G1 cell cycle arrest followed by cellular senescence and apoptosis. The induction of apoptotic cell death involved loss of mitochondrial outer membrane permeability and activation of caspases 3/7. Interestingly, L1a and L5a failed to activate cellular DNA damage response. The high intracellular zinc-chelating capacity of both compounds, deduced from the metal-specific Zinquin assay and ZnL2+ stability constant values in solution, strongly supports their cytotoxicity. These data along with quantum mechanical studies have enabled to establish a precise structure-activity relationship. Moreover, L1a and L5a showed appropriate drug-likeness by in silico methods. Based on these promising results, L1a and L5a should be considered a new class of zinc-chelating anticancer agents that deserves further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Galiana-Roselló
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Universidad de Valencia , Paterna, 46980 Valencia , Spain.,Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud , Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, C/ Ramón y Cajal, s/n , Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia , Spain
| | - Clara Aceves-Luquero
- Cancer Cell Biology Laboratory, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS) , Universitat de les Illes Balears, and Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa) , Palma, 07122 Illes Balears , Spain
| | - Jorge González
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Universidad de Valencia , Paterna, 46980 Valencia , Spain
| | - Álvaro Martínez-Camarena
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Universidad de Valencia , Paterna, 46980 Valencia , Spain
| | - Ruth Villalonga
- Departament de Química , Universitat de les llles Balears , Palma, 07122 Illes Balears , Spain
| | - Silvia Fernández de Mattos
- Cancer Cell Biology Laboratory, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS) , Universitat de les Illes Balears, and Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa) , Palma, 07122 Illes Balears , Spain.,Departament de Biologia Fonamental , Universitat de les Illes Balears , Palma, 07122 Illes Balears , Spain
| | - Concepción Soriano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Universidad de Valencia , C/Dr. Moliner s/n , Burjassot, 46100 Valencia , Spain
| | - José Llinares
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Universidad de Valencia , C/Dr. Moliner s/n , Burjassot, 46100 Valencia , Spain
| | - Enrique García-España
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Universidad de Valencia , Paterna, 46980 Valencia , Spain
| | - Priam Villalonga
- Cancer Cell Biology Laboratory, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS) , Universitat de les Illes Balears, and Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa) , Palma, 07122 Illes Balears , Spain
| | - María Eugenia González-Rosende
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud , Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, C/ Ramón y Cajal, s/n , Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia , Spain
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Martínez-Solís I, Acero N, Bosch-Morell F, Castillo E, González-Rosende ME, Muñoz-Mingarro D, Ortega T, Sanahuja MA, Villagrasa V. Neuroprotective Potential of Ginkgo biloba in Retinal Diseases. Planta Med 2019; 85:1292-1303. [PMID: 31266069 DOI: 10.1055/a-0947-5712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Like other tissues of the central nervous system, the retina is susceptible to damage by oxidative processes that result in several neurodegenerative disease such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, ischaemic retinal disease, retinal disease produced by light oxidation, and detached retina, among other diseases. The use of antioxidant substances is a solution to some health problems caused by oxidative stress, because they regulate redox homeostasis and reduce oxidative stress. This is important for neurodegeneration linked to oxidation processes. In line with this, Ginkgo biloba is a medicinal plant with excellent antioxidant properties whose effects have been demonstrated in several degenerative processes, including retinal diseases associated with neurodegeneration. This review describes the current literature on the role of ginkgo in retinal diseases associated with neurodegeneration. The information leads to the conclusion that G. biloba extracts might be a good option to improve certain neurodegenerative retinal diseases, but more research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of G. biloba in these retinal degenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Martínez-Solís
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
- Botanical Garden, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Nuria Acero
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Bosch-Morell
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Encarna Castillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Eugenia González-Rosende
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dolores Muñoz-Mingarro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Ortega
- Department of Pharmacology and Botany. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Amparo Sanahuja
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Victoria Villagrasa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
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Castillo E, Dea-Ayuela MA, Bolás-Fernández F, Rangel M, González-Rosende ME. The kinetoplastid chemotherapy revisited: current drugs, recent advances and future perspectives. Curr Med Chem 2011; 17:4027-51. [PMID: 20939823 DOI: 10.2174/092986710793205345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2010] [Accepted: 09/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, African sleeping sickness and Chagas disease, caused by the kinetoplastid parasites Leishmania spp, Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma cruzi, respectively, are among the most important parasitic diseases, affecting millions of people and considered to be within the most relevant group of neglected tropical diseases. The main alternative to control such parasitosis is chemotherapy. Nevertheless, the current chemotherapeutic treatments are far from being satisfactory. This review outlines the current understanding of different drugs against leishmaniasis, African sleeping sickness and Chagas disease, their mechanism of action and resistance. Recent approaches in the area of anti-leishmanial and trypanocidal therapies are also enumerated, new modulators from the mode of action, development of new formulations of old drugs, therapeutic switching and "in silico" drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Castillo
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University CEU-Cardenal Herrera, Edificio Seminario s/n, 46113-Moncada, Valencia, Spain
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