1
|
Pielnaa P, Al-Saadawe M, Saro A, Dama MF, Zhou M, Huang Y, Huang J, Xia Z. Zika virus-spread, epidemiology, genome, transmission cycle, clinical manifestation, associated challenges, vaccine and antiviral drug development. Virology 2020; 543:34-42. [PMID: 32056845 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Zika Virus (ZIKV) is a Flavivirus transmitted primarily via the bite of infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Globally, 87 countries and territories have recorded autochthonous mosquito-borne transmission of ZIKV as at July 2019 and distributed across four of the six WHO Regions. Outbreaks of ZIKV infection peaked in 2016 and declined substantially throughout 2017 and 2018 in the Americas region. There is the likely risk for ZIKV to spread to more countries. There is also the potential for the re-emergence of ZIKV in all places with prior reports of the virus transmission. The current status of ZIKV transmission and spread is, however, a global health threat, and from the aforementioned, has the potential to re-emerge as an epidemic. This review summarizes the past and present spread of ZIKV outbreak-2007-2019, the genome, transmission cycle, clinical manifestations, vaccine and antiviral drug advancement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Pielnaa
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Moyed Al-Saadawe
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Adonira Saro
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | | | - Mei Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yanxia Huang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jufang Huang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Zanxian Xia
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| |
Collapse
|