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Monção FP, Costa MAMS, Rigueira JPS, de Sales ECJ, Leal DB, da Silva MFP, Gomes VM, Chamone JMA, Alves DD, da Cunha Siqueira Carvalho C, Murta JEJ, Júnior VRR. Productivity and nutritional value of BRS capiaçu grass (Pennisetum purpureum) managed at four regrowth ages in a semiarid region. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 52:235-241. [PMID: 31309378 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-02012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity, productive efficiency, and nutritional value of the elephant grass cultivar BRS capiaçu (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.), managed at four regrowth ages during winter in the semiarid region of northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. A completely randomized design with the elephant grass cultivar BRS capiaçu was submitted to four cut intervals (30, 60, 90, and 120 days) in the winter with ten replications, for a total of 40 plots, each with a useful area of 6 × 5 m. There was a linear increase of 76.25% (P < 0.01) in the height of BRS capiaçu grass when cut from 30 to 120 days. Green matter production (P < 0.01) and dry matter production (P < 0.01) increased daily by 1081 kg/ha and 237 kg/ha, respectively. The annual dry matter production was 72 t/ha. Efficiency in water use changed (P < 0.01) from 7.91 kg of dry matter (DM)/mm at 30 days to 57.59 kg of DM/mm at 120 days of regrowth. There was a reduction in the ash content (P < 0.01), crude protein (P < 0.01), and the total digestible nutrient content (P < 0.01) with the increase in the age of the cut. The readily soluble fraction of DM (fraction A, P < 0.01), degradation rate "c" of insoluble fraction "B" (P = 0.01), potential degradability (PD; P < 0.01), and degradability (ED; P < 0.01) decreased linearly as the regrowth age increased. Harvesting is recommended at 90 days of regrowth during the winter season in this semiarid region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio Pinto Monção
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, State University of Montes Claros, Avenue Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Marco Aurélio Morais Soares Costa
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, State University of Montes Claros, Avenue Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Sampaio Rigueira
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, State University of Montes Claros, Avenue Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eleuza Clarete Junqueira de Sales
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, State University of Montes Claros, Avenue Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Dijair Barbosa Leal
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, State University of Montes Claros, Avenue Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcos Felipe Pereira da Silva
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, State University of Montes Claros, Avenue Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Virgílio Mesquita Gomes
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, State University of Montes Claros, Avenue Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Julieta Maria Alencar Chamone
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, State University of Montes Claros, Avenue Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Dorismar David Alves
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, State University of Montes Claros, Avenue Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cinara da Cunha Siqueira Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, State University of Montes Claros, Avenue Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Jardim Murta
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, State University of Montes Claros, Avenue Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, State University of Montes Claros, Avenue Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Bastos GA, Fonseca LD, de Paiva Ferreira AV, Costa MAMS, Silva MLF, de Oliveira Vasconcelos V, de Sousa RM, Duarte ER. Helminthiasis characterization and anthelmintic efficacy for ewes and lambs raised in tropical semiarid region. Trop Anim Health Prod 2017; 49:937-943. [PMID: 28352962 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-017-1276-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study the helminthiasis and anthelmintic effectiveness in ewes and lambs were evaluated in a semiarid region of Brazil. Twelve sheep farms were investigated using semi-structured questionnaires and fecal egg count (FEC) reduction test was employed to analyze the profile of anthelmintic resistance. Groups of at least 10 animals with FEC ≥ 300 were selected. After 12 h of fasting, homogeneous groups of lambs or ewes were treated with albendazole, levamisole moxidectin, or oxfendazole and control groups were not treated. Feces were collected before treatments and 14 days after, and larvae genera were identified after cuprocultures in both periods. Extensive grazing was the predominant creation system, using hybrid Santa Ines animals. The separation by age was promoted in 75% of herds; however, maternity pickets there were only in three farms. The strategic treatments were performed only in 8.4% of sheep farms and 16.6% used the anthelmintic efficacy test and alternated anthelmintic classes after 1 year. The initial FEC means for lambs were significantly higher than ewe FEC averages. For lamb tests, moxidectin and levamisole showed higher efficacy (p ≤ 0.05) than benzimidazoles. For ewe tests, moxidectin and levamisole showed efficiencies >75%. Haemonchus spp. and Trichostrongylus spp. were the most frequent nematodes before treatments and the genus Haemonchus was the most prevalent after anthelmintic treatments (p < 0.05). Variations of anthelmintic susceptibility were observed for categories and herds evaluated, which emphasizes the importance of the effectiveness tests for the choice of anthelmintics for ewes and lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Almeida Bastos
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Avenida Universitária, 1000, BairroUniversitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39400-006, Brazil
| | - Leydiana Duarte Fonseca
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Avenida Universitária, 1000, BairroUniversitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39400-006, Brazil
| | - Adriano Vinícius de Paiva Ferreira
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Avenida Universitária, 1000, BairroUniversitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39400-006, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Morais Soares Costa
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Avenida Universitária, 1000, BairroUniversitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39400-006, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza França Silva
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Avenida Universitária, 1000, BairroUniversitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39400-006, Brazil
| | - Viviane de Oliveira Vasconcelos
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Avenida Universitária, 1000, BairroUniversitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39400-006, Brazil
| | - Rogério Marcos de Sousa
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Avenida Universitária, 1000, BairroUniversitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39400-006, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Robson Duarte
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Avenida Universitária, 1000, BairroUniversitário, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, 39400-006, Brazil.
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Fonseca LD, Bastos GA, Costa MAMS, Ferreira AVDP, Silva MLF, Vieira TM, Morais-Costa F, Oliveira NJFD, Duarte ER. Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Caryocar brasiliense in Mice. ACTA SCI VET 2016. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.80935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Caryocar brasiliense Cambess (Caryocaraceae) is an arboreal plant native of Brasilian Cerrado and its fruit is an important source of food and income for the human population of this region. In addition to using as food, different parts of this tree have great medicinal potential as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antihelmintic. However, the active metabolites those are likely to confer these pharmacological properties healing may also be toxic dependent upon the dose and route of administration. In this quest, the aim of this study was to assess the acute toxicity of aqueous extracts of fruit peels and leaves of C. brasiliense in mice of both genders.Materials, Methods & Results: The aqueous extracts were obtained by decoction, diluted in water and filtered through membrane. The toxicity of extract of fruit peels (62.5 at 500 mg/kg of body weight (BW) and leaf extract (18.75 mg/kg bw) were evaluated in males and females mice (Mus musculus) Swiss by intraperitoneal route. For 2 control groups were administered injection water. The clinical signs and deaths were recorded up to 14 days after administration. The lethal doses for 10 (LD10) or 50 (LD50) % of population were estimated with Probit regression analysis. The Chi-square test was used to analyze differences of mortality frequencies between males and females. The groups treated with the two lower doses of both extracts completely abolished the clinical alteration between two and four hours after inoculation. The comportment of control group’s animals was normalized immediately after administration of injection water. The higher dose administered in both experiments were lethal for all animals, but the doses 250 mg/kg BW of fruit peels extract and 150 mg/kg of BW of leaves extract caused mortality of 100% just in males. However, in both experiments there were no significant differences between the mortality frequency for groups of male and female, as well the comportment of these animals when these doses were administered. Dose-dependent response was observed to mortality. The LD10 corresponded to 89.6 mg/kg BW and LD50 was 149.8 mg/kg BW for fruit peel extract. For the leaf extract , LD10 and LD50 were 33.35 and 67.01 mg/kg BW, respectively.Discussion: Aqueous extracts of the fruit peels and leaves of C. brasiliense were classified as very toxic since the LD50 ranged from 50 to 500 mg / kg BW. For both extracts, similar behavioral changes were observed. Among the secondary metabolites present in fruit peel and leaves, saponins and tannins can promote nervous symptoms. Although there are no records in the literature about animals and human orally intoxicated with any part of C. brasiliense, the development of specific studies to determine its toxicity is relevant, considering the social and ecological importance of this plant.
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