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Signore M, Alfonsi R, Federici G, Nanni S, Addario A, Bertuccini L, Aiello A, Di Pace AL, Sperduti I, Muto G, Giacobbe A, Collura D, Brunetto L, Simone G, Costantini M, Crinò L, Rossi S, Tabolacci C, Diociaiuti M, Merlino T, Gallucci M, Sentinelli S, Papalia R, De Maria R, Bonci D. Diagnostic and prognostic potential of the proteomic profiling of serum-derived extracellular vesicles in prostate cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:636. [PMID: 34155195 PMCID: PMC8215487 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03909-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their cargo represent an intriguing source of cancer biomarkers for developing robust and sensitive molecular tests by liquid biopsy. Prostate cancer (PCa) is still one of the most frequent and deadly tumor in men and analysis of EVs from biological fluids of PCa patients has proven the feasibility and the unprecedented potential of such an approach. Here, we exploited an antibody-based proteomic technology, i.e. the Reverse-Phase Protein microArrays (RPPA), to measure key antigens and activated signaling in EVs isolated from sera of PCa patients. Notably, we found tumor-specific protein profiles associated with clinical settings as well as candidate markers for EV-based tumor diagnosis. Among others, PD-L1, ERG, Integrin-β5, Survivin, TGF-β, phosphorylated-TSC2 as well as partners of the MAP-kinase and mTOR pathways emerged as differentially expressed endpoints in tumor-derived EVs. In addition, the retrospective analysis of EVs from a 15-year follow-up cohort generated a protein signature with prognostic significance. Our results confirm that serum-derived EV cargo may be exploited to improve the current diagnostic procedures while providing potential prognostic and predictive information. The approach proposed here has been already applied to tumor entities other than PCa, thus proving its value in translational medicine and paving the way to innovative, clinically meaningful tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Signore
- RPPA Unit, Proteomics Area, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Alfonsi
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Simona Nanni
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Addario
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Bertuccini
- RPPA Unit, Proteomics Area, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Aurora Aiello
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Di Pace
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Muto
- Department of Urology, Humanitas University, Turin, Italy.,Department of Urology, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giacobbe
- Department of Urology, Humanitas University, Turin, Italy.,Department of Urology, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Devis Collura
- Department of Urology, Humanitas University, Turin, Italy.,Department of Urology, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Lidia Brunetto
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Simone
- Department of Urology-IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Costantini
- Department of Urology-IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucio Crinò
- Department of Oncology, IRST-Meldola, Meldola, Italy
| | - Stefania Rossi
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Tabolacci
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Diociaiuti
- Department of Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Tania Merlino
- IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Gallucci
- Department of Urology-IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Urology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Ruggero De Maria
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Désirée Bonci
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy. .,IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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2
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Diociaiuti M, Bonanni R, Cariati I, Frank C, D’Arcangelo G. Amyloid Prefibrillar Oligomers: The Surprising Commonalities in Their Structure and Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126435. [PMID: 34208561 PMCID: PMC8235680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been proposed that a “common core” of pathologic pathways exists for the large family of amyloid-associated neurodegenerations, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, type II diabetes and Creutzfeldt–Jacob’s Disease. Aggregates of the involved proteins, independently from their primary sequence, induced neuron membrane permeabilization able to trigger an abnormal Ca2+ influx leading to synaptotoxicity, resulting in reduced expression of synaptic proteins and impaired synaptic transmission. Emerging evidence is now focusing on low-molecular-weight prefibrillar oligomers (PFOs), which mimic bacterial pore-forming toxins that form well-ordered oligomeric membrane-spanning pores. At the same time, the neuron membrane composition and its chemical microenvironment seem to play a pivotal role. In fact, the brain of AD patients contains increased fractions of anionic lipids able to favor cationic influx. However, up to now the existence of a specific “common structure” of the toxic aggregate, and a “common mechanism” by which it induces neuronal damage, synaptotoxicity and impaired synaptic transmission, is still an open hypothesis. In this review, we gathered information concerning this hypothesis, focusing on the proteins linked to several amyloid diseases. We noted commonalities in their structure and membrane activity, and their ability to induce Ca2+ influx, neurotoxicity, synaptotoxicity and impaired synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Diociaiuti
- Centro Nazionale Malattie Rare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Roberto Bonanni
- Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Ida Cariati
- PhD in Medical-Surgical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Claudio Frank
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanna D’Arcangelo
- Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (G.D.)
- Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
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3
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Cariati I, Bonanni R, Marini M, Rinaldi AM, Zarrilli B, Tancredi V, Frank C, D’Arcangelo G, Diociaiuti M. Role of Electrostatic Interactions in Calcitonin Prefibrillar Oligomer-Induced Amyloid Neurotoxicity and Protective Effect of Neuraminidase. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083947. [PMID: 33920464 PMCID: PMC8070249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmon calcitonin is a good model for studying amyloid behavior and neurotoxicity. Its slow aggregation rate allows the purification of low molecular weight prefibrillar oligomers, which are the most toxic species. It has been proposed that these species may cause amyloid pore formation in neuronal membranes through contact with negatively charged sialic acid residues of the ganglioside GM1. In particular, it has been proposed that an electrostatic interaction may be responsible for the initial contact between prefibrillar oligomers and GM1 contained in lipid rafts. Based on this evidence, the aim of our work was to investigate whether the neurotoxic action induced by calcitonin prefibrillar oligomers could be counteracted by treatment with neuraminidase, an enzyme that removes sialic acid residues from gangliosides. Therefore, we studied cell viability in HT22 cell lines and evaluated the effects on synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation by in vitro extracellular recordings in mouse hippocampal slices. Our results showed that treatment with neuraminidase alters the surface charges of lipid rafts, preventing interaction between the calcitonin prefibrillar oligomers and GM1, and suggesting that the enzyme, depending on the concentration used, may have a partial or total protective action in terms of cell survival and modulation of synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Cariati
- Medical-Surgical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (Phd), Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Roberto Bonanni
- Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (M.M.); (A.M.R.); (B.Z.); (V.T.); (G.D.)
| | - Mario Marini
- Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (M.M.); (A.M.R.); (B.Z.); (V.T.); (G.D.)
| | - Anna Maria Rinaldi
- Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (M.M.); (A.M.R.); (B.Z.); (V.T.); (G.D.)
| | - Beatrice Zarrilli
- Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (M.M.); (A.M.R.); (B.Z.); (V.T.); (G.D.)
| | - Virginia Tancredi
- Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (M.M.); (A.M.R.); (B.Z.); (V.T.); (G.D.)
- Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Frank
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giovanna D’Arcangelo
- Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.B.); (M.M.); (A.M.R.); (B.Z.); (V.T.); (G.D.)
- Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Diociaiuti
- Centro Nazionale Malattie Rare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy;
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Ceccacci F, Sennato S, Rossi E, Proroga R, Sarti S, Diociaiuti M, Casciardi S, Mussi V, Ciogli A, Bordi F, Mancini G, Bombelli C. Synthesis and Characterization of Mitochondria-Targeted Triphenylphosphonium Bolaamphiphiles. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2275:27-47. [PMID: 34118030 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1262-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter we describe: (1) the procedure for the synthesis of four single chain bolaamphiphiles, displaying chains of 12, 16, 20 and 30 methylene units and triphenylphosphonium moieties as headgroups (TPP1-TPP4); (2) the methods used to characterize TPP1-TPP4 spontaneous aggregation in aqueous solution. We illustrate the determination of Krafft point and cac by conductivity measurements and the procedures used to investigate dimensions, morphology, and stability by dynamic and dielectrophoretic laser light scattering, dialysis, transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ceccacci
- CNR-ISB, Sede Secondaria di Roma-Meccanismi di Reazione c/o Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | - Simona Sennato
- CNR-ISC-UOS Sapienza c/o Physics Department, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | - Edoardo Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Sarti
- Physics Department, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Diociaiuti
- Centro Nazionale Malattie Rare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Casciardi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Mussi
- CNR-IMM Institute of Microelectronics and Microsystems, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciogli
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drug, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | | | | | - Cecilia Bombelli
- CNR-ISB, Sede Secondaria di Roma-Meccanismi di Reazione c/o Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy.
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Diociaiuti M, Bombelli C, Zanetti-Polzi L, Belfiore M, Fioravanti R, Macchia G, Giordani C. The Interaction between Amyloid Prefibrillar Oligomers of Salmon Calcitonin and a Lipid-Raft Model: Molecular Mechanisms Leading to Membrane Damage, Ca 2+-Influx and Neurotoxicity. Biomolecules 2019; 10:biom10010058. [PMID: 31905804 PMCID: PMC7022306 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the interaction between amyloid assemblies and “lipid-rafts”, we performed functional and structural experiments on salmon calcitonin (sCT) solutions rich in prefibrillar oligomers, proto- and mature-fibers interacting with liposomes made of monosialoganglioside-GM1 (4%), DPPC (48%) and cholesterol (48%). To focus on the role played by electrostatic forces and considering that sCT is positive and GM1 is negative at physiologic pH, we compared results with those relative to GM1-free liposomes while, to assess membrane fluidity effects, with those relative to cholesterol-free liposomes. We investigated functional effects by evaluating Ca2+-influx in liposomes and viability of HT22-DIFF neurons. Only neurotoxic solutions rich in unstructured prefibrillar oligomers were able to induce Ca2+-influx in the “lipid-rafts” model, suggesting that the two phenomena were correlated. Thus, we investigated protein conformation and membrane modifications occurring during the interaction: circular dichroism showed that “lipid-rafts” fostered the formation of β-structures and energy filtered-transmission electron microscopy that prefibrillar oligomers formed pores, similar to Aβ did. We speculate that electrostatic forces between the positive prefibrillar oligomers and the negative GM1 drive the initial binding while the hydrophobic profile and flexibility of prefibrillar oligomers, together with the membrane fluidity, are responsible for the subsequent pore formation leading to Ca2+-influx and neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Diociaiuti
- Centro Nazionale Malattie Rare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, I-00161 Roma, Italy; (M.B.); (R.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-49902981
| | - Cecilia Bombelli
- CNR-Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici, UOS di Roma, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Laura Zanetti-Polzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze Chimiche, Università dell’Aquila, via Vetoio (Coppito 1), 67010 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Marcello Belfiore
- Centro Nazionale Malattie Rare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, I-00161 Roma, Italy; (M.B.); (R.F.)
| | - Raoul Fioravanti
- Centro Nazionale Malattie Rare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, I-00161 Roma, Italy; (M.B.); (R.F.)
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Macchia
- Centro Grandi Strumentazioni e Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, I-00161 Roma, Italy;
| | - Cristiano Giordani
- Grupo Productos Naturales Marinos, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Instituto de Física, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 050010, Colombia;
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Raggi C, Diociaiuti M, Caracciolo G, Fratini F, Fantozzi L, Piccaro G, Fecchi K, Pizzi E, Marano G, Ciaffoni F, Bravo E, Fiani ML, Sargiacomo M. Caveolin-1 Endows Order in Cholesterol-Rich Detergent Resistant Membranes. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9070287. [PMID: 31319608 PMCID: PMC6680987 DOI: 10.3390/biom9070287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol-enriched functional portions of plasma membranes, such as caveolae and rafts, were isolated from lungs of wild-type (WT) and caveolin-1 knockout (Cav-1 KO) mice within detergent resistant membranes (DRMs). To gain insight into their molecular composition we performed proteomic and lipid analysis on WT and Cav-1 KO-DRMs that showed predicted variations of proteomic profiles and negligible differences in lipid composition, while Langmuir monolayer technique and small and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS-WAXS) were here originally introduced to study DRMs biophysical association state. Langmuir analysis of Cav-1 containing DRMs displayed an isotherm with a clear-cut feature, suggesting the coexistence of the liquid-ordered (Lo) phase typical of the raft structure, namely “cholesterol-rich Lo phase”, with a phase fully missing in Cav-1 KO that we named “caveolin-induced Lo phase”. Furthermore, while the sole lipid component of both WT and KO-DRMs showed qualitatively similar isotherm configuration, the reinsertion of recombinant Cav-1 into WT-DRMs lipids restored the WT-DRM pattern. X-ray diffraction results confirmed that Cav-1 causes the formation of a “caveolin-induced Lo phase”, as suggested by Langmuir experiments, allowing us to speculate about a possible structural model. These results show that the unique molecular link between Cav-1 and cholesterol can spur functional order in a lipid bilayer strictly derived from biological sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Raggi
- National Center for Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Diociaiuti
- National Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Caracciolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "La Sapienza" University, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Fratini
- Scientific Service for Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Fantozzi
- Present address : ARPALAZIO, Via Salaria per L'Aquila 6/8, 02100 Rieti, Italy
| | | | - Katia Fecchi
- Reference Centre for Gender Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Pizzi
- Scientific Service for Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marano
- Reference Centre for Gender Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorella Ciaffoni
- Scientific Service for Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Bravo
- Scientific Service for Research Coordination and Support, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Fiani
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Massimo Sargiacomo
- National Center for Global Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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7
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Belfiore M, Cariati I, Matteucci A, Gaddini L, Macchia G, Fioravanti R, Frank C, Tancredi V, D'Arcangelo G, Diociaiuti M. Calcitonin native prefibrillar oligomers but not monomers induce membrane damage that triggers NMDA-mediated Ca 2+-influx, LTP impairment and neurotoxicity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5144. [PMID: 30914688 PMCID: PMC6435710 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41462-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid protein misfolding results in a self-assembling aggregation process, characterized by the formation of typical aggregates. The attention is focused on pre-fibrillar oligomers (PFOs), formed in the early stages and supposed to be neurotoxic. PFOs structure may change due to their instability and different experimental protocols. Consequently, it is difficult to ascertain which aggregation species are actually neurotoxic. We used salmon Calcitonin (sCT) as an amyloid model whose slow aggregation rate allowed to prepare stable samples without photochemical cross-linking. Intracellular Ca2+ rise plays a fundamental role in amyloid protein-induced neurodegerations. Two paradigms have been explored: (i) the "membrane permeabilization" due to the formation of amyloid pores or other types of membrane damage; (ii) "receptor-mediated" modulation of Ca2+ channels. In the present paper, we tested the effects of native sCT PFOs- with respect to Monomer-enriched solutions in neurons characterized by an increasing degree of differentiation, in terms of -Ca2+-influx, cellular viability, -Long-Term Potentiation impairment, Post-Synaptic Densities and synaptophysin expression. Results indicated that PFOs-, but not Monomer-enriched solutions, induced abnormal -Ca2+-influx, which could only in part be ascribed to NMDAR activation. Thus, we propose an innovative neurotoxicity mechanism for amyloid proteins where "membrane permeabilization" and "receptor-mediated" paradigms coexist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Belfiore
- National Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Ida Cariati
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Matteucci
- National Center for Drug Research and Evalutation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Gaddini
- National Center for Drug Research and Evalutation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Raoul Fioravanti
- National Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.,Chemistry Department, University "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Frank
- National Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Tancredi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marco Diociaiuti
- National Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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8
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Barbati C, Vomero M, Colasanti T, Diociaiuti M, Ceccarelli F, Ferrigno S, Finucci A, Miranda F, Novelli L, Perricone C, Spinelli FR, Truglia S, Conti F, Valesini G, Alessandri C. TNFα expressed on the surface of microparticles modulates endothelial cell fate in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:273. [PMID: 30526655 PMCID: PMC6286582 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1768-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with a high prevalence of atherosclerosis. Recently increased levels of microparticles (MPs) have been reported in patients with RA. MPs could represent a link between autoimmunity and endothelial dysfunction by expressing tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), a key cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of RA, altering endothelial apoptosis and autophagy. The aim of this study was to investigate TNFα expression on MPs and its relationship with endothelial cell fate. Methods MPs were purified from peripheral blood from 20 healthy controls (HC) and from 20 patients with RA, before (time (T)0) and after (T4) 4-month treatment with etanercept (ETA). Surface expression of TNFα was performed by flow cytometry analysis. EA.hy926 cells, an immortalized endothelial cell line, were treated with RA-MPs purified at T0 and at T4 and also, with RA-MPs in vitro treated with ETA. Apoptosis and autophagy were then evaluated. Results RA-MPs purified at T0 expressed TNFα on their surface and this expression significantly decreased at T4. Moreover, at T0 RA-MPs, significantly increased both apoptosis and autophagy levels on endothelial cells, in a dose-dependent manner. RA-MPs did not significantly change these parameters after 4 months of in vivo treatment with ETA. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that MPs isolated from patients with RA exert a pathological effect on endothelial cells by TNFα expressed on their surface. In vivo and in vitro treatment with ETA modulates this effect, suggesting anti-TNF therapy protects against endothelial damage in patients with RA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-018-1768-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Barbati
- Arthritis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Marta Vomero
- Arthritis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Tania Colasanti
- Arthritis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Diociaiuti
- Technology and health Department, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Fulvia Ceccarelli
- Arthritis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Ferrigno
- Arthritis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Annacarla Finucci
- Arthritis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Miranda
- Arthritis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Novelli
- Arthritis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Perricone
- Arthritis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Spinelli
- Arthritis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Truglia
- Arthritis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Conti
- Arthritis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Valesini
- Arthritis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiano Alessandri
- Arthritis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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9
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Ceccacci F, Sennato S, Rossi E, Proroga R, Sarti S, Diociaiuti M, Casciardi S, Mussi V, Ciogli A, Bordi F, Mancini G, Bombelli C. Aggregation behaviour of triphenylphosphonium bolaamphiphiles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 531:451-462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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10
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Novelli F, De Santis S, Diociaiuti M, Giordano C, Morosetti S, Punzi P, Sciubba F, Viali V, Masci G, Scipioni A. Curcumin loaded nanocarriers obtained by self-assembly of a linear d,l-octapeptide-poly(ethylene glycol) conjugate. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Diociaiuti M, Giordani C, Kamel GS, Brasili F, Sennato S, Bombelli C, Meneses KY, Giraldo MA, Bordi F. Monosialoganglioside-GM1 triggers binding of the amyloid-protein salmon calcitonin to a Langmuir membrane model mimicking the occurrence of lipid-rafts. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 8:365-375. [PMID: 28955978 PMCID: PMC5614544 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
GM1 ganglioside is known to be involved in the amyloid-associated diseases and it is a crucial factor for the assembly of amyloid proteins on lipid-rafts, which are lipid structures located on the synaptic plasma membranes. Due to its slow aggregation rate, we employed salmon calcitonin (sCT) as a suitable probe representative of amyloid proteins, to study the interaction between this class of proteins and a membrane model. Here, we prepared a neuronal membrane model by depositing onto mica two Langmuir-Blodgett films in liquid-condensed phase: the outer monolayer was characterized by high content of GM1 (50%) and minority parts of cholesterol and POPC (25-25%), while the inner one by plain POPC. To deeply investigate the interaction of sCT with this model and the role-played by GM1, we prepared the outer leaflet adding sCT at a concentration such that the number of proteins equals that of GM1. Atomic Force Microscopy revealed the occurrence of two distinct kinds of flat surfaces, with globular aggregates localized exclusively on top of the highest one. To unravel the nature of the interaction, we studied by ζ-potential technique liposomes composed as the outer leaflet of the model. Results demonstrated that an electrostatic interaction sCT-GM1 occurred. Finally, to investigate the interaction thermodynamics between sCT and the outer leaflet, Langmuir films as the outer monolayer and containing increasing content of sCT were studied by compression isotherms and Brewster Angle Microscopy experiments. Based on the all body of results we propose an interaction model where GM1 plays a pivotal role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Diociaiuti
- Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, I-00161 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence to: Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Giordani
- Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, I-00161 Roma, Italy
- Instituto de Física, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gihan S. Kamel
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
- Dipartimento di Fisica and ISC-CNR, Sapienza Università di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Brasili
- Dipartimento di Fisica and ISC-CNR, Sapienza Università di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Simona Sennato
- Dipartimento di Fisica and ISC-CNR, Sapienza Università di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Cecilia Bombelli
- CNR, Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma “Sapienza”, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Karen Y. Meneses
- Instituto de Física, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Marco A. Giraldo
- Instituto de Física, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Federico Bordi
- Dipartimento di Fisica and ISC-CNR, Sapienza Università di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
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12
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Diociaiuti M, Casciardi S, Sisto R. The sp 2 and sp 3 fractions of unknown carbon materials: electron energy-loss near-edge structure analysis of C-K spectra acquired under the magic-angle condition by the electron nanobeam technique. Micron 2016; 90:97-107. [PMID: 27639109 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A method is described for the quantification of the sp2, sp3 and intermediate hybridizations in several carbon (C) material samples. Electron energy-loss near-edge spectra were acquired using fast electrons (120keV) in an electron microscope in nanobeam configuration under the so-called "magic-angle" condition, and were analysed to extract the sp2 and sp3 fractions, and identify the possible mixed sp2+ε hybridizations. The method consists in projecting the unknown spectra on a basis made up of pure sp2 and sp3 spectra, obtained under the same experimental conditions from graphite and diamond crystals, respectively. The residual spectra contain information about the intermediate hybridizations sp2+ε occurring in the samples. The method was successfully tested on "ab initio" numerically generated spectra relative to amorphous C materials. Finally, it was applied to actual C amorphous and pyrolytic samples, and results were compared to those obtained by the most commonly used, conventional "three-Gaussian" method. The combined application of electron diffraction and spectroscopy, in the nanobeam configuration, yielded useful information about the atomic and electronic structure from very small volumes of the unknown C material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Diociaiuti
- Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), Department of Technology and Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Casciardi
- National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL Research), Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Via Fontana Candida 1, 00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Sisto
- National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL Research), Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Via Fontana Candida 1, 00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Rome, Italy
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13
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Gradella Villalva D, Diociaiuti M, Giansanti L, Petaccia M, Bešker N, Mancini G. Molecular Packing in Langmuir Monolayers Composed of a Phosphatidylcholine and a Pyrene Lipid. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:1126-33. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b11836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denise Gradella Villalva
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma “Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Diociaiuti
- Dipartimento
di Tecnologia e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale
Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Luisa Giansanti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito, AQ, Italy
| | - Manuela Petaccia
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università degli Studi dell’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito, AQ, Italy
| | - Neva Bešker
- CINECA,
SCAI—Super
Computing Applications and Innovation Department, Via dei Tizii, 6, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mancini
- CNR—Istituto di
Metodologie Chimiche, Via Salaria km
29.300, 00016 Monterotondo
Scalo, Roma, Italy
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14
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Venditti I, Palocci C, Chronopoulou L, Fratoddi I, Fontana L, Diociaiuti M, Russo MV. Candida rugosa lipase immobilization on hydrophilic charged gold nanoparticles as promising biocatalysts: Activity and stability investigations. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 131:93-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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15
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Pucci C, Scipioni A, Diociaiuti M, La Mesa C, Pérez L, Pons R. Catanionic vesicles and DNA complexes: a strategy towards novel gene delivery systems. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15466a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Catanionic vesicles and DNA form complexes, the structure and composition of which depend on the DNA content. The DNA undergoes a reversible compaction process and its release can be triggered by adding an anionic surfactant to the complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Pucci
- Dept. of Chemistry
- La Sapienza University
- Rome
- Italy
| | - A. Scipioni
- Dept. of Chemistry
- La Sapienza University
- Rome
- Italy
| | - M. Diociaiuti
- Dip. di Tecnologie e Salute
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- I-00185 Rome
- Italy
| | - C. La Mesa
- Dept. of Chemistry
- La Sapienza University
- Rome
- Italy
| | - L. Pérez
- Institut Química Avançada de Catalunya
- IQAC-CSIC
- 08034 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - R. Pons
- Institut Química Avançada de Catalunya
- IQAC-CSIC
- 08034 Barcelona
- Spain
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16
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Punzi P, Santis SD, Giordano C, Diociaiuti M, Novelli F, Masci G, Scipioni A. Bioinspired Nanotubes from Self-Assembly of a Linear l
,d
-Oligopeptide-Poly(ethylene glycol) Conjugate. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201400471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pasqualina Punzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università La Sapienza; Piazzale A. Moro, 5 I-00185 Rome Italy
| | - Serena De Santis
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università La Sapienza; Piazzale A. Moro, 5 I-00185 Rome Italy
| | - Cesare Giordano
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, CNR; Università La Sapienza; Piazzale A. Moro, 5 I-00185 Rome Italy
| | - Marco Diociaiuti
- Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, ISS; Viale Regina Elena 299 I-00161 Rome Italy
| | - Federica Novelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università La Sapienza; Piazzale A. Moro, 5 I-00185 Rome Italy
| | - Giancarlo Masci
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università La Sapienza; Piazzale A. Moro, 5 I-00185 Rome Italy
| | - Anita Scipioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università La Sapienza; Piazzale A. Moro, 5 I-00185 Rome Italy
- Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti; Viale Regina Elena 291 I-00161 Rome Italy
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17
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Brignone MS, Lanciotti A, Visentin S, De Nuccio C, Molinari P, Camerini S, Diociaiuti M, Petrini S, Minnone G, Crescenzi M, Laudiero LB, Bertini E, Petrucci TC, Ambrosini E. Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts protein-1 modulates endosomal pH and protein trafficking in astrocytes: relevance to MLC disease pathogenesis. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 66:1-18. [PMID: 24561067 PMCID: PMC4003525 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) is a rare leukodystrophy caused by mutations in the gene encoding MLC1, a membrane protein mainly expressed in astrocytes in the central nervous system. Although MLC1 function is unknown, evidence is emerging that it may regulate ion fluxes. Using biochemical and proteomic approaches to identify MLC1 interactors and elucidate MLC1 function we found that MLC1 interacts with the vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), the proton pump that regulates endosomal acidity. Because we previously showed that in intracellular organelles MLC1 directly binds Na, K-ATPase, which controls endosomal pH, we studied MLC1 endosomal localization and trafficking and MLC1 effects on endosomal acidity and function using human astrocytoma cells overexpressing wild-type (WT) MLC1 or MLC1 carrying pathological mutations. We found that WT MLC1 is abundantly expressed in early (EEA1(+), Rab5(+)) and recycling (Rab11(+)) endosomes and uses the latter compartment to traffic to the plasma membrane during hyposmotic stress. We also showed that WT MLC1 limits early endosomal acidification and influences protein trafficking in astrocytoma cells by stimulating protein recycling, as revealed by FITC-dextran measurement of endosomal pH and transferrin protein recycling assay, respectively. WT MLC1 also favors recycling to the plasma-membrane of the TRPV4 cation channel which cooperates with MLC1 to activate calcium influx in astrocytes during hyposmotic stress. Although MLC disease-causing mutations differentially affect MLC1 localization and trafficking, all the mutated proteins fail to influence endosomal pH and protein recycling. This study demonstrates that MLC1 modulates endosomal pH and protein trafficking suggesting that alteration of these processes contributes to MLC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria S Brignone
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Angela Lanciotti
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Sergio Visentin
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara De Nuccio
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Paola Molinari
- Department of Pharmacology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Serena Camerini
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marco Diociaiuti
- Department of Technology and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Research Hospital, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy.
| | - Gaetana Minnone
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Research Hospital, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marco Crescenzi
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Luisa Bracci Laudiero
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Research Hospital, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Via del Fosso Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Pediatric Research Hospital, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy.
| | - Tamara C Petrucci
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Elena Ambrosini
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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18
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De Santis S, Diociaiuti M, Cametti C, Masci G. Hyaluronic acid and alginate covalent nanogels by template cross-linking in polyion complex micelle nanoreactors. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 101:96-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Amaduzzi F, Bomboi F, Bonincontro A, Bordi F, Casciardi S, Chronopoulou L, Diociaiuti M, Mura F, Palocci C, Sennato S. Chitosan-DNA complexes: charge inversion and DNA condensation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 114:1-10. [PMID: 24161501 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The design of biocompatible polyelectrolyte complexes is a promising strategy for in vivo delivery of biologically active macromolecules. Particularly, the condensation of DNA by polycations received considerable attention for its potential in gene delivery applications, where the development of safe and effective non-viral vectors remains a central challenge. Among polymeric polycations, Chitosan has recently emerged as a very interesting material for these applications. In this study, we compare the observed aggregation behavior of Chitosan-DNA complexes with the predictions of existing models for the complexation of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes. By using different and complementary microscopy approaches (AFM, FESEM and TEM), light scattering and electrophoretic mobility techniques, we characterized the structures of the complexes formed at different charge ratios and Chitosan molecular weight. In good agreement with theoretical predictions, a reentrant condensation, accompanied by charge inversion, is clearly observed as the polycation/DNA charge ratio is increased. In fact, the aggregates reach their maximum size in correspondence of a value of the charge ratio where their measured net charge inverts its sign. This value does not correspond to the stoichiometric 1:1 charge ratio, but is inversely correlated with the polycation length. Distinctive "tadpole-like" aggregates are observed in excess polycation, while only globular aggregates are found in excess DNA. Close to the isoelectric point, elongated fiber-like structures appear. Within the framework of the models discussed, different apparently uncorrelated observations reported in the literature find a systematic interpretation. These results suggest that these models are useful tools to guide the design of new and more efficient polycation-based vectors for a more effective delivery of genetic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Amaduzzi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.zzle A. Moro, 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Bomboi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.zzle A. Moro, 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Adalberto Bonincontro
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.zzle A. Moro, 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Federico Bordi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.zzle A. Moro, 2, 00185 Roma, Italy; CNR-IPCF UOS Roma, c/o Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.zzle A. Moro, 2, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| | - Stefano Casciardi
- Dipartimento di Igiene del Lavoro, ISPESL, 00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
| | - Laura Chronopoulou
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.zzle A. Moro, 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Diociaiuti
- Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, V.le Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Mura
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Base Applicate all'Ingegneria, Sapienza Università di Roma, Via A. Scarpa, 14, 00183 Roma, Italy
| | - Cleofe Palocci
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.zzle A. Moro, 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Simona Sennato
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.zzle A. Moro, 2, 00185 Roma, Italy; CNR-IPCF UOS Roma, c/o Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.zzle A. Moro, 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
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20
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Castrucci P, Diociaiuti M, Tank CM, Casciardi S, Tombolini F, Scarselli M, De Crescenzi M, Mathe VL, Bhoraskar SV. Si nanotubes and nanospheres with two-dimensional polycrystalline walls. Nanoscale 2012; 4:5195-5201. [PMID: 22782182 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr30910f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report on the characteristics of a new class of Si-based nanotubes and spherical nanoparticles synthesized by the dc-arc plasma method in a mixture of argon and hydrogen. These two nanostructures share common properties: they are hollow and possess very thin, highly polycrystalline and mainly oxidized walls. In particular, we get several hints indicating that their walls could constitute only one single Si oxidized layer. Moreover, we find that only the less oxidized nanotubes exhibit locally atomic ordered, snakeskin-like areas which possess a hexagonal arrangement which can be interpreted either as an sp(2) or sp(3) hybridized Si or Si-H layer. Their ability to not react with oxygen seems to suggest the presence of sp(2) configuration or the formation of silicon-hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Castrucci
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Roma Tor Vergata and Unità CNISM, via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy.
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21
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Maggi F, Ciccarelli S, Diociaiuti M, Casciardi S, Masci G. Chitosan nanogels by template chemical cross-linking in polyion complex micelle nanoreactors. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:3499-507. [PMID: 21866922 DOI: 10.1021/bm201015h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan covalent nanogels cross-linked with genipin were prepared by template chemical cross-linking of chitosan in polyion complex micelle (PIC) nanoreactors. By using this method, we were able to prepare chitosan nanogels using only biocompatible materials without organic solvents. PIC were prepared by interaction between chitosan (X(n) = 23, 44, and 130) and block copolymer poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly[sodium 2-(acrylamido)-2-methylpropanesulfonate] (PEO-b-PAMPS) synthesized by single-electron transfer-living radical polymerization (SET-LRP). PIC with small size (diameter about 50 nm) and low polydispersity were obtained up to 5 mg/mL. After cross-linking of chitosan with genipin, the nanoreactors were dissociated by adding NaCl. The dissociation of the nanoreactors and the formation of the nanogels were confirmed by (1)H NMR, DLS, and TEM. The size of the smallest nanogels was about 50 nm in the swollen state and 20 nm in the dry state. The amount of genipin used during reticulation was an important parameter to modulate the size of the nanogels in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Maggi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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22
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23
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Diociaiuti M, Picozzi P, Santucci S, Lozzi L, Crescenzi M. Extended electron energy-loss fine structure and selected-area electron diffraction studies of small palladium clusters. J Microsc 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.1992.tb01521.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Malchiodi-Albedi F, Paradisi S, Matteucci A, Frank C, Diociaiuti M. Amyloid oligomer neurotoxicity, calcium dysregulation, and lipid rafts. Int J Alzheimers Dis 2011; 2011:906964. [PMID: 21331330 PMCID: PMC3038657 DOI: 10.4061/2011/906964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Revised: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid proteins constitute a chemically heterogeneous group of proteins, which share some biophysical and biological characteristics, the principal of which are the high propensity to acquire an incorrect folding and the tendency to aggregate. A number of diseases are associated with misfolding and aggregation of proteins, although only in some of them—most notably Alzheimer's disease (AD) and transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs)—a pathogenetic link with misfolded proteins is now widely recognized. Lipid rafts (LRs) have been involved in the pathophysiology of diseases associated with protein misfolding at several levels, including aggregation of misfolded proteins, amyloidogenic processing, and neurotoxicity. Among the pathogenic misfolded proteins, the AD-related protein amyloid β (Aβ) is by far the most studied protein, and a large body of evidence has been gathered on the role played by LRs in Aβ pathogenicity. However, significant amount of data has also been collected for several other amyloid proteins, so that their ability to interact with LRs can be considered an additional, shared feature characterizing the amyloid protein family. In this paper, we will review the evidence on the role of LRs in the neurotoxicity of huntingtin, α-synuclein, prion protein, and calcitonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella Malchiodi-Albedi
- Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e Neuroscienze, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Bordi F, Cerichelli G, de Berardinis N, Diociaiuti M, Giansanti L, Mancini G, Sennato S. Synthesis and physicochemical characterization of new twin-tailed N-oxide based gemini surfactants. Langmuir 2010; 26:6177-6183. [PMID: 20355741 DOI: 10.1021/la1005067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
New gemini surfactants (GSs) constituted by two double alkyl chain (from 7 to 17 methylenic units) N-oxide monovalent surfactants joined by a PEG spacer of different length (from 3 to 21 ethylene glycol units), thus combining the properties of both N-oxide and GS surfactants, were synthetized and characterized. The different hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance of the molecular structure strongly influences the morphology and the electrical features of the aggregates. Despite the zwitterionic nature of the polar head groups, all the aggregates are characterized by positive potential thus suggesting protonation at the interface; however, the extent of protonation was shown to strongly depend on the length of the alkyl chain and of the spacer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Bordi
- Dipartimento di Fisica and INFM-CRS SOFT, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
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De Santis S, Diana Ladogana R, Diociaiuti M, Masci G. Pegylated and Thermosensitive Polyion Complex Micelles by Self-Assembly of Two Oppositely and Permanently Charged Diblock Copolymers. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9026542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serena De Santis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Diana Ladogana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Diociaiuti
- Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Masci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Malchiodi-Albedi F, Contrusciere V, Raggi C, Fecchi K, Rainaldi G, Paradisi S, Matteucci A, Santini MT, Sargiacomo M, Frank C, Gaudiano MC, Diociaiuti M. Lipid raft disruption protects mature neurons against amyloid oligomer toxicity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2010; 1802:406-15. [PMID: 20060899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2010.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 01/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A specific neuronal vulnerability to amyloid protein toxicity may account for brain susceptibility to protein misfolding diseases. To investigate this issue, we compared the effects induced by oligomers from salmon calcitonin (sCTOs), a neurotoxic amyloid protein, on cells of different histogenesis: mature and immature primary hippocampal neurons, primary astrocytes, MG63 osteoblasts and NIH-3T3 fibroblasts. In mature neurons, sCTOs increased apoptosis and induced neuritic and synaptic damages similar to those caused by amyloid beta oligomers. Immature neurons and the other cell types showed no cytotoxicity. sCTOs caused cytosolic Ca(2+) rise in mature, but not in immature neurons and the other cell types. Comparison of plasma membrane lipid composition showed that mature neurons had the highest content in lipid rafts, suggesting a key role for them in neuronal vulnerability to sCTOs. Consistently, depletion in gangliosides protected against sCTO toxicity. We hypothesize that the high content in lipid rafts makes mature neurons especially vulnerable to amyloid proteins, as compared to other cell types; this may help explain why the brain is a target organ for amyloid-related diseases.
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Leonardis PD, Mannina L, Diociaiuti M, Masci G. Atom transfer radical polymerization synthesis and association properties of amphiphilic pullulan copolymers grafted with poly(methyl methacrylate). POLYM INT 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Patrizi ML, Diociaiuti M, Capitani D, Masci G. Synthesis and association properties of thermoresponsive and permanently cationic charged block copolymers. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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31
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Malchiodi-Albedi F, Vanacore N, Diociaiuti M. Calcitonin therapy and oligomer neurotoxicity: An underestimated risk? Neurotoxicology 2008; 29:1150-1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2008.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2008] [Accepted: 09/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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32
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Guzzon A, Bohn A, Diociaiuti M, Albertano P. Cultured phototrophic biofilms for phosphorus removal in wastewater treatment. Water Res 2008; 42:4357-4367. [PMID: 18774156 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2008.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2007] [Revised: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 07/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Culture experiments with phototrophic biofilms taken from the sedimentation tank of the wastewater treatment plant at the Fiumicino Airport in Rome, Italy were carried out in a prototype continuous flow incubator. Biofilms grown at varying photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), temperature and flow velocity were sampled at three developmental stages to quantify biofilm dry weight, chlorophyll a concentration and total cellular phosphorus content. While no coherent significant effects by flow and temperature were evidenced, maximum biofilm dry weight and phosphorous concentration significantly increased across all featured PPFDs. Maximum chlorophyll a concentration was saturated above 60 micromol m(-2)s(-1). A highly significant association between organic biomass and phosphorous content was observed for most light conditions, including a larger proportional increase of phosphorus concentration with respect to chlorophyll a at high PPFD. Up to 112 mg P m(-2)d(-1) maximal phosphorous removal rates were achieved. Elemental analysis by energy filtering transmission electron microscopy showed subcellular localization of phosphorus, confirming the accumulation in phototrophic microorganisms in biofilms grown in high light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Guzzon
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca scientifica 1, 00173 Rome, Italy
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Masci G, Diociaiuti M, Crescenzi V. ATRP synthesis and association properties of thermoresponsive anionic block copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Palocci C, Chronopoulou L, Venditti I, Cernia E, Diociaiuti M, Fratoddi I, Russo MV. Lipolytic Enzymes with Improved Activity and Selectivity upon Adsorption on Polymeric Nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules 2007; 8:3047-53. [PMID: 17803276 DOI: 10.1021/bm070374l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured polystyrene (PS) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were used as carriers for the preparation of bioconjugates with lipolytic enzymes, such as Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) and Pseudomonas cepacia lipase (PCL). Simple addition of the lipase solution to the polymeric nanoparticles under protein-friendly conditions (pH 7.6) led to the formation of polymer-enzyme bioconjugates. Energy filtered-transmission electron microscopy (EF-TEM) performed on immuno-gold labeled samples revealed that the enzyme preferentially binds to the polymer nanoparticles and that the binding does not affect the nanostructured features of the carriers. The studies performed on the activity of the bioconjugates pointed out that the lipases adsorbed onto polymeric nanoparticles show an improved performance in terms of activity and selectivity with respect to those shown by lipases adsorbed on the same non-nanostructured carriers. The residual activities of CRL and PCL immobilized on nanostructured PMMA and PS reached 60% and 74%, respectively. Moreover, we found that enantioselectivity and pH and thermal stability increase upon immobilization. These results highlight the fact that new protein conformers with improved enantioselectivity stabilized after adsorption on nanoparticles are obtained. On the basis of the chemical structures of the selected polymers and the slopes of the adsorption isotherms, a hydrophobic binding model for lipase/nanostructured polymers is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleofe Palocci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome La Sapienza, P le A Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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Cinelli S, Onori G, Zuzzi S, Bordi F, Cametti C, Sennato S, Diociaiuti M. Properties of Mixed DOTAP−DPPC Bilayer Membranes as Reported by Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Dynamic Light Scattering Measurements. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:10032-9. [PMID: 17663578 DOI: 10.1021/jp071722g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the effect of a cationic lipid [DOTAP] on both the thermotropic phase behavior and the structural organization of aqueous dispersions of dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine [DPPC] by means of high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic light scattering measurements. We find that the incorporation of increasing quantities of DOTAP progressively reduces the temperature and the enthalpy of the gel-to-liquid crystalline transition. We are further showing that, in mixed DOTAP-DPPC systems, the reduction of the phase transition temperature is accompanied by a reduction of the average size of the structures present in the aqueous mixtures, whatever the DOTAP concentration is. These results, which extend a previous investigation by Campbell et al. (Campbell, R. B.; Balasubramanian, S. V.; Straubinger, R. M.; Biochim. Biosphys. Acta 2001, 27, 1512.) limited to a DOTAP concentration below 20 mol %, confirm that the insertion of cationic head groups in zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine bilayers facilitates the formation of stable, relatively small, unilamellar vesicles. This self-assembling restructuring from an aqueous multilamellar structure toward a liposomal phase is favored by decreasing the phospholipid phase transition temperature and by increasing the temperature of the system. This reduction of the average size and the appearance of a stable liposomal phase is also promoted by a heating and cooling thermal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cinelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, UniversitA di Perugia and CEMIN (Centro Eccellenza Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturati) Via A. Pascoli, I-06123, Perugia, Italy
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Abstract
Calcitonin is a polypeptidic hormone involved in calcium metabolism in the bone. It belongs to the amyloid protein family, which is characterized by the common propensity to aggregate acquiring a beta-sheet conformation and include proteins associated with important neurodegenerative diseases. Here we show for the first time, to our knowledge, by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) that salmon-calcitonin (sCT) forms annular oligomers similar to those observed for beta-amyloid and alpha-sinuclein (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases). We also investigated the interaction between sCT and model membranes, such as liposomes, with particular attention to the effect induced by lipid "rafts" made of cholesterol and G(M1). We observed, by TEM immunogold labeling of sCT, that protein binding is favored by the presence of rafts. In addition, we found by TEM that sCT oligomers inserted in the membrane have the characteristic pore-like morphology of the amyloid proteins. Circular dichroism experiments revealed an increase in beta-content in sCT secondary structure when the protein was reconstituted in rafts mimicking liposomes. Finally, we showed, by spectrofluorimetry experiments, that the presence of sCT allowed Ca(2+) entry in rafts mimicking liposomes loaded with the Ca(2+)-specific fluorophore Fluo-4. This demonstrates that sCT oligomers have ion-channel activity. Our results are in good agreement with recent electrophysiological studies reporting that sCT forms Ca(2+)-permeable ion channels in planar model membranes. It has been proposed that, beyond the well-known interaction of the monomer with the specific receptor, the formation of Ca(2+) channels due to sCT oligomers could represent an extra source of Ca(2+) entry in osteoblasts. Structural and functional data reported here support this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Diociaiuti
- Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 299-00161 Rome, Italy.
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Giordani C, Molinari A, Toccacieli L, Calcabrini A, Stringaro A, Chistolini P, Arancia G, Diociaiuti M. Interaction of tea tree oil with model and cellular membranes. J Med Chem 2006; 49:4581-8. [PMID: 16854063 DOI: 10.1021/jm060228i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tea tree oil (TTO) is the essential oil steam-distilled from Melaleuca alternifolia, a species of northern New South Wales, Australia. It exhibits a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and an antifungal activity. Only recently has TTO been shown to inhibit the in vitro growth of multidrug resistant (MDR) human melanoma cells. It has been suggested that the effect of TTO on tumor cells could be mediated by its interaction with the plasma membrane, most likely by inducing a reorganization of lipid architecture. In this paper we report biophysical and structural results obtained using simplified planar model membranes (Langmuir films) mimicking lipid "rafts". We also used flow cytometry analysis (FCA) and freeze-fracturing transmission electron microscopy to investigate the effects of TTO on actual MDR melanoma cell membranes. Thermodynamic (compression isotherms and adsorption kinetics) and structural (Brewster angle microscopy) investigation of the lipid monolayers clearly indicates that TTO interacts preferentially with the less ordered DPPC "sea" and that it does not alter the more ordered lipid "rafts". Structural observations, performed by freeze fracturing, confirm that TTO interacts with the MDR melanoma cell plasma membrane. Moreover, experiments performed by FCA demonstrate that TTO does not interfere with the function of the MDR drug transporter P-gp. We therefore propose that the effect exerted on MDR melanoma cells is mediated by the interaction with the fluid DPPC phase, rather than with the more organized "rafts" and that this interaction preferentially influences the ATP-independent antiapoptotic activity of P-gp likely localized outside "rafts".
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MESH Headings
- 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine/chemistry
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/physiology
- Adsorption
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Biological Transport
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Membrane/chemistry
- Cell Membrane/drug effects
- Cell Membrane/ultrastructure
- Cholesterol/chemistry
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Flow Cytometry
- Freeze Fracturing
- G(M1) Ganglioside/chemistry
- Humans
- Melanoma
- Membrane Microdomains/chemistry
- Membrane Microdomains/drug effects
- Membranes, Artificial
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Tea Tree Oil/chemistry
- Tea Tree Oil/metabolism
- Tea Tree Oil/pharmacology
- Thermodynamics
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Giordani
- Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
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Abstract
By means of the combined use of dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy measurements, we provide a direct evidence for the existence of an equilibrium cluster phase in the polyion-induced liposome aggregation, where the liposomes maintain their integrity, with the ability of preserving the aqueous core content from the external medium. We prepared single liposomes containing, in their interior, different CsCl electrolyte solutions at different concentrations (0.1 and 0.01 M, respectively). During the polyion-induced complexation of a mixture of these two differently loaded liposomes, reversible aggregates form, whose multicompartmental structure reveals the simultaneous presence of nonfused liposomes. Clusters composed by mesoscopic-sized vesicles and realized by charged lipids coupled to oppositely charged polyions are playing an increasingly important role as model systems in a variety of phenomena in soft matter and for their potential use in biomedical applications as drug delivery systems. Aggregates of liposomes such as those described in this article, where the electrostatic interactions are the primary driving forces promoting aggregation, may represent a new and interesting class of colloids which give rise to a rich phenomenology with several unusual colloidal behaviors that deserve to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bordi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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40
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Sennato S, Bordi F, Cametti C, Di Biasio A, Diociaiuti M. Polyelectrolyte–liposome complexes: An equilibrium cluster phase close to the isoelectric condition. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2005.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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41
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Bombelli C, Borocci S, Diociaiuti M, Faggioli F, Galantini L, Luciani P, Mancini G, Sacco MG. Role of the spacer of cationic gemini amphiphiles in the condensation of DNA. Langmuir 2005; 21:10271-4. [PMID: 16262274 DOI: 10.1021/la051324+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The condensation of calf thymus DNA into the cholesteric-like psi-phase was observed by circular dichroism in liposome suspensions formulated with specific cationic gemini surfactants. The stereochemistry of the gemini spacer, the presence of specific functional groups, and the covalent link between the headgroups are fundamental issues in the condensation of DNA. Transmission electron microscopy images showed a multilamellar morphology, which corresponds with condensation.
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Gaudiano MC, Colone M, Bombelli C, Chistolini P, Valvo L, Diociaiuti M. Early stages of salmon calcitonin aggregation: effect induced by ageing and oxidation processes in water and in the presence of model membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta 2005; 1750:134-45. [PMID: 15964788 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2005.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2004] [Revised: 03/29/2005] [Accepted: 04/14/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The natural ageing- and hydrogen peroxide-induced aggregation of salmon calcitonin were studied in water and in the presence of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposomes. The early stages of the aggregation process at low protein concentration were investigated by means of Circular Dichroism spectroscopy (CD) and conventional and immunogold labelling Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). In buffered water solution, salmon calcitonin showed a two-stage conformational variation related to fibril formation and phase-separation of larger aggregates. A first stage, characterised by small conformational changes but a decrease in dichroic band intensity, was followed by a second stage, 6 days after, leading to higher conformational variations and aggregations. Salmon calcitonin showed a distinct modification in the secondary structure and aggregate morphology in the presence of hydrogen peroxide with respect to natural ageing, indicating that the two aggregation processes (natural and chemical-induced) followed a distinct mechanism. The oxidised forms of the peptide were separated by liquid chromatography. The same study was performed in the presence of DPPC liposomes. The results obtained by conventional and immunogold labelling TEM evidenced that salmon calcitonin in buffered water solution essentially does not enter the liposomes but forms around them a fibril network characterised by the same conformational changes after 6 days. The oxidised sample in the presence of liposomes showed a "fibrils hank", separated from liposomes. The presence of liposomes did not affect either the aggregation or the conformational modifications yet observed by TEM and CD in water solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Gaudiano
- Dipartimento del Farmaco, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, viale Regina Elena, 299-00161 Roma, Italy
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43
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Bombelli C, Caracciolo G, Di Profio P, Diociaiuti M, Luciani P, Mancini G, Mazzuca C, Marra M, Molinari A, Monti D, Toccacieli L, Venanzi M. Inclusion of a photosensitizer in liposomes formed by DMPC/gemini surfactant: correlation between physicochemical and biological features of the complexes. J Med Chem 2005; 48:4882-91. [PMID: 16033268 DOI: 10.1021/jm050182d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mixed cationic liposomes composed by different ratios of dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-phosphatidylcoline (DMPC) and a cationic gemini surfactant have been studied by various physicochemical tools as vehicles for m-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin (m-THPC), a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy. Entrapment and location of m-THPC within the lipid double layer have been evaluated by different techniques and the new formulations have been tested on a stabilized cell line from a human colon tumor, COLO206. A correlation between the physicochemical features of formulations and their efficiency as photosensitizers vector was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Bombelli
- CNR Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche-Sezione Meccanismi di Reazione, and Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
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44
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Sennato S, Bordi F, Cametti C, Diociaiuti M, Malaspina P. Charge patch attraction and reentrant condensation in DNA–liposome complexes. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 2005; 1714:11-24. [PMID: 16005847 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2005.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2004] [Revised: 04/26/2005] [Accepted: 06/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the formation of complexes between cationic liposomes built up by DOTAP and three linear anionic polyions, with different charge density and flexibility, such as a single-stranded ssDNA, a double-stranded dsDNA and the polyacrylate sodium salt [NaPAA] of three different molecular weights. Our aim is to gain further insight into the formation mechanism of polyion-liposome aggregates of different sizes (lipoplexes), by comparing the behavior of DNA with a model polyelectrolyte, such as NaPAA, with approximately the same charge density but with a higher flexibility. We employed dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements, in order to explore both the hydrodynamic and structural properties of the aggregates resulting from polyion-liposome interaction and to present a comprehensive picture of the complexation process. The phenomenology can be summarized in a charge ratio-dependent scenario, where the main feature is the formation of large equilibrium clusters due to the aggregation of intact polyion-coated vesicles. At increasing polyion-liposome ratio, the size of the clusters continuously increases, reaching a maximum at a well-defined value of this ratio, and then decreases ("reentrant" condensation). The aggregation mechanism and the role of the polyion charge density in the complex formation are discussed in the light of the recent theories on the correlated adsorption of polyelectrolytes at charged interfaces. Within this framework, the phenomena of charge inversion and the reentrant condensation, peaked at the isoelectric point, finds a simple explanation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sennato
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita' di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185-Rome, Italy
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Bordi F, Cametti C, Diociaiuti M, Sennato S. Large equilibrium clusters in low-density aqueous suspensions of polyelectrolyte-liposome complexes: a phenomenological model. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2005; 71:050401. [PMID: 16089511 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.71.050401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2004] [Revised: 03/16/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we revisit some of our previous results together with further experimental evidences for the existence of large equilibrium clusters in low-density aqueous colloidal suspensions, resulting from the screening of charged spherical macroions by oppositely charged linear polyelectrolytes. The aggregation process is described by a simple phenomenological model where aggregates interact via a long-range repulsion Yukawa potential and some supports to the equilibrium properties of the resulting aggregates, on the basis of dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, and transmission electron microscopy techniques, have been provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bordi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185-Rome, Italy
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Barteri M, Diociaiuti M, Pala A, Rotella S. Low frequency ultrasound induces aggregation of porcine fumarase by free radicals production. Biophys Chem 2004; 111:35-42. [PMID: 15450373 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2004.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2004] [Accepted: 04/12/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl-free radicals determine a diffuse aggregation of porcine fumarase and a loss of its enzymatic activity. In this study, hydroxyl-free radicals were generated "in situ" by irradiation with ultrasound (US) at 38 kHz. The structural characteristics of aggregated fumarase were studied using circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD) and steady state fluorescence spectroscopy. Enzyme aggregation is caused by the formation of intermolecular disufide bridges, originated by the oxidation of cysteine residues, together with a diffuse increase in beta-turn in the protein's secondary structure. These conformational changes lead to a fibrous, amyloid-like aggregation which appears ordered and regular under TEM microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barteri
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale A. Moro 5-00185 Rome, Italy.
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Balduzzi M, Diociaiuti M, De Berardis B, Paradisi S, Paoletti L. In vitro effects on macrophages induced by noncytotoxic doses of silica particles possibly relevant to ambient exposure. Environ Res 2004; 96:62-71. [PMID: 15261785 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2003.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2003] [Revised: 10/14/2003] [Accepted: 11/14/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The RAW 246.7 macrophage cell line was exposed in vitro to aged crystalline silica particles of respirable size for 24 h at a range of doses starting from 15 microg/2 x 10(6) cells, which is a realistic exposure level of macrophages in the airways of ambiently exposed individuals. The particle sample used for the experiments was prepared to mimic some aspects of ambient crystalline silica particles: size distribution, morphology, and surface reactivity. Our purpose was to determine whether a nontoxic quartz load comparable to that of ambient exposure would be able to induce macrophage activation and impairment of the phagocytic ability, factors altering the lung's capacity to deal with increased particle loads (as occurs during high-pollution episodes) or infections and affecting the local and systemic responses through the release of biologically active compounds (cytokines, reactive oxygen species, NO, isoprostanes). Exposure of RAW 264.7 cells to aged silica particles induced macrophage activation (evidenced by the morphological features observed with scanning electron microscopy and by the release of TNF-alpha and IL-6) and impairment of phagocytosis of test particles, even at noncytotoxic doses. The reduction of the phagocytic function of the cells after silica treatment was dose-dependent, as evidenced by an increase of the population of unphagocytic cells, paralleled by a decrease of the actively phagocytizing cell population. We evaluated the oxidative stress induced by aged silica particles, quantifying the peroxidation products (8-isoprostanes) in the culture media of treated cells, and found a strong release at low doses. Isoprostanes are a complex family of compounds which have been used as in vivo markers of lipid peroxidation in human disorders, but that, as far as we know, have never been evaluated in relation to airborne particulate matter exposure. Lipid peroxides are involved in various cellular events in the inflammatory response, and isoprostanes are also supposed to exert important biological actions on airway and pulmonary vascular smooth muscles and on platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Balduzzi
- Sezione di Tossicologia e Scienze Biomediche, ENEA, Via Anguillarese 301, Roma, Italy
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Diociaiuti M, Ruspantini I, Giordani C, Bordi F, Chistolini P. Distribution of GD3 in DPPC monolayers: a thermodynamic and atomic force microscopy combined study. Biophys J 2004; 86:321-8. [PMID: 14695273 PMCID: PMC1303796 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(04)74107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are the main component of lipid rafts. These microdomains, floating in the outer leaflet of cellular membrane, play a key role in fundamental cellular functions. Little is still known about ganglioside and phospholipid interaction. We studied mixtures of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and GD3 (molar fraction of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) using complementary techniques: 1), thermodynamic properties of the Langmuir-Blodgett films were assessed at the air-water interface (surface tension, surface potential); and 2), three-dimensional morphology of deposited films on mica substrates were imaged by atomic force microscopy. Mixture thermodynamics were consistent with data in the literature. In particular, excess free energy was negative at each molar fraction, thus ruling out GD3 segregation. Atomic force microscopy showed that the height of liquid-condensed domains in deposited films varied with GD3 molar fraction, as compatible with a lipid aggregation model proposed by Maggio. No distinct GD3-rich domain was observed inside the films, suggesting that GD3 molecules gradually mix with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine molecules, confirming DeltaG data. Morphological analysis revealed that the shape of liquid-condensed domains is strongly influenced by the amount of GD3, and an interesting stripe-formation phenomenon was observed. These data were combined with the thermodynamic results and interpreted in the light of McConnell's model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Diociaiuti
- Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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Bordi F, Cametti C, Diociaiuti M, Gaudino D, Gili T, Sennato S. Complexation of anionic polyelectrolytes with cationic liposomes: evidence of reentrant condensation and lipoplex formation. Langmuir 2004; 20:5214-22. [PMID: 15986655 DOI: 10.1021/la036006u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the complexation process taking place in cationic liposomes in the presence of anionic polyelectrolytes, in the polyion concentration range from the dilute to the concentrated regime, by combining dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy techniques. We employed as the cationic lipid a two-chained amphiphile (Dioleoyltrimethylammoniumpropane) and sodium polyacrylate salt as the flexible anionic polyelectrolyte. The results evidence a variety of different structures, mainly depending on the liposome-polyion charge ratio, whose peculiar dynamical and structural features are briefly described. In particular, three different polyion concentration regions are found, within which a monomodal or bimodal distribution of aggregates, with a well-defined time evolution, is present. At low polyion content, close to the isoelectric point, large aggregates are formed, deriving from the collapse of the liposomal bilayers into extended charged surfaces, where adsorbed polyions form a two-dimensional strongly correlated array and organize into a two-dimensional Wigner liquid. At high polyion content, above a critical concentration, the size distributions of the complexes are clearly bimodal and a large-component aggregate, continuously increasing with time, coexists with a population of smaller-size aggregates. At an intermediate polyion concentration, spherical, small-size vesicular structures are reformed, connected in a network by polymer chains. A brief discussion tries to summarize our results into a consistent picture.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bordi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
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Masci G, Bontempo D, Tiso N, Diociaiuti M, Mannina L, Capitani D, Crescenzi V. Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Potassium 3-Sulfopropyl Methacrylate: Direct Synthesis of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers with Methyl Methacrylate. Macromolecules 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0497254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Masci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300−00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Italy, and Department of S.T.A.A.M., University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Debora Bontempo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300−00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Italy, and Department of S.T.A.A.M., University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Nicola Tiso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300−00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Italy, and Department of S.T.A.A.M., University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Marco Diociaiuti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300−00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Italy, and Department of S.T.A.A.M., University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Luisa Mannina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300−00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Italy, and Department of S.T.A.A.M., University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Donatella Capitani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300−00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Italy, and Department of S.T.A.A.M., University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Vittorio Crescenzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, Dipartimento di Tecnologie e Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale R. Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy, Institute of Chemical Methodologies, CNR, Via Salaria km 29.300−00016 Monterotondo Stazione (Roma), Italy, and Department of S.T.A.A.M., University of Molise, Via De Sanctis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
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