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Nobre IG, Jurema Santos GC, Santos de Almeida Oliveira TLP, Ribeiro IDC, Dos Santos RM, Rodrigues CPS, Moura-Dos-Santos MA, Nazare JA, Pirola L, Leandro CG. Food consumption habits, gestational age and birth weight are predictive for children with excess weight: An analysis based on artificial neural network. Nutr Health 2022:2601060221124040. [PMID: 36114639 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221124040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between body weight gain and the onset of obesity is linked to environmental and behavioral factors, and may be dependent on biological predisposing. Artificial neural networks are useful predictive tools in the field of artificial intelligence, and can be used to identify risk factors related to obesity. The aim of this study is to establish, based on artificial neural networks, a predictive model for overweight/obesity in children based on the recognition and selection of patterns associated with birth weight, gestational age, height deficit, food consumption, and the physical activity level, TV time and family context. Sample consisted of 149 children (72 = eutrophic and 77 = overweight/obese). Collected data consisted of anthropometry and demographic characteristics, gestational age, birth weight, food consumption, physical activity level, TV time and family context. The gestational age, daily caloric intake and birth weight were the main determinants of the later appearance of overweight and obesity. In addition, the family context linked to socioeconomic factors, such as the number of residents in the household, had a great impact on excess weight. The physical activity level was the least important variable. Modifiable risk factors, such as the inadequate food consumption, and non-modifiable factors such as gestational age were the main determinants for overweight/obesity in children. Our data indicate that, combating excess weight should also be carried out from a social and preventive perspective during critical periods of development, such as pregnancy, lactation and early childhood, to reach a more effective strategy to combat obesity and its complications in childhood and adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julie-Anne Nazare
- 377929Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), France
- Centre Européen pour la Nutrition et la Santé (CENS), France
| | - Luciano Pirola
- CarMeN(Cardiology, Metabolism and Nutrition) Laboratory; INSERM U1060, Lyon-1 University, South Lyon Medical Faculty, Lyon, France
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Almeida MBD, Leandro CG, Queiroz DDR, José-da-Silva M, Pessôa Dos Prazeres TM, Pereira GM, das-Neves GS, Carneiro RC, Figueredo-Alves AD, Nakamura FY, Henrique RDS, Moura-Dos-Santos MA. Plyometric training increases gross motor coordination and associated components of physical fitness in children. Eur J Sport Sci 2020; 21:1263-1272. [PMID: 33108985 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2020.1838620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
There is only limited evidence to suggest that training during childhood produces greater adaptations than at other ages. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of plyometric training (12 weeks, twice/week, 20 min/day) on physical fitness (PF) and gross motor coordination (GMC) in schoolboys aged 7-9 years. A total of 116 boys were assigned to two groups: plyometric training group (PT,n = 73) and control group (CG,n = 43). The CG maintained their normal daily activities. The PT consisted of twice-weekly exercises on nonconsecutive days for twelve weeks under monitored and controlled conditions. PF (handgrip strength, standing long jump (SLJ), curl-ups, sit and reach, square-test, running speed, and 1 mile run test), GMC, Korper-koordinations-test fur Kinder (KTK), and body mass index (BMI) were assessed. The main results through a 2 × 2 (time × groups) repeated measures analysis variance demonstrated a significant time effect that improves PF and GMC according to the direction of the measure. A group effect was observed only in the abdominal strength test (CG = 12.06% and PT = 17.04%) and moving sideways (CG = 11.1% and PT = 12.4%) showing that independent of the group there was an improvement. A significant interaction effect (time × groups) was observed in the flexibility test (CG = -2.7% and PT = 3.5%) and STJ (CG = 3.1% and PT = 18.5%), as well as jumping sideways (CG = 16.3% and PT = 17.4%) and overall GMC score (CG = 9.8% and PT = 15.9%), showing that gains in these variables were greater in the PT group. The results suggest that 12 weeks of PT improve components of gross motor coordination and health-related physical fitness in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelus Brito de Almeida
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Carol Góis Leandro
- Department of Nutrition, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Marivânio José-da-Silva
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Gleybson Maciel Pereira
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Silva das-Neves
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Renata Cecília Carneiro
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Amanda Dayanne Figueredo-Alves
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Fábio Yuzo Nakamura
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
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Santos C, Carolina Reyes A, Moura-Dos-Santos MA, Pereira S, Natacha Gomes T, Tani G, Vasconcelos O, Chaves RN, Garganta R, Barreira TV, Katzmarzyk PT, Maia J. A multi-level analysis of individual- and school-level correlates of physical fitness in children. Ann Hum Biol 2018; 45:470-477. [PMID: 30513218 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2018.1549684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children's physical fitness is potentially influenced by biological, behavioural and environmental factors. AIM To investigate the importance of individual-level and school-level characteristics in explaining variation in children's physical fitness. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The sample comprised 354 Portuguese children, aged 5-10 years. Physical fitness [(handgrip (HG) strength, standing long jump (SLJ), shuttle-run (SR), total physical fitness score (PFz)], gross motor coordination (GMC) and body mass index (BMI) were assessed. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was objectively monitored; birth weight and socio-economic status (SES) were obtained by questionnaire. School contexts were assessed via an objective audit. Multilevel models using the Bayesian approach were used. RESULTS Age was positively associated with HG, SLJ and PFz (p < 0.05); BMI was positively associated with HG (p < 0.05) and GMC with all physical fitness components (p < 0.05); MVPA was only associated with PFz (p < 0.05); children with level A SES outperformed those with level C SES in HG (p < 0.05), but those with level B SES outperformed their level A SES peers in SR (p < 0.05). Within the school context, no equipment for physical education was negatively associated with HG (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In the primary school years, individual-level characteristics were more important than the school context in explaining variations in physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Santos
- a CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | | | | | - Sara Pereira
- a CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Thayse Natacha Gomes
- a CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal.,c Department of Physical Education , Federal University of Sergipe , São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Go Tani
- d Escola de Educação Física e Esporte , Universidade de São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Olga Vasconcelos
- a CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Raquel N Chaves
- e Academic Department of Physical Education , Federal University of Technology Parana , Curitiba , Brazil
| | - Rui Garganta
- a CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Tiago V Barreira
- f School of Education , Syracuse University , Syracuse , NY , USA
| | - Peter T Katzmarzyk
- g Pennington Biomedical Research Center , Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge , LA , USA
| | - José Maia
- a CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport , University of Porto , Porto , Portugal
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Tchamo ME, Moura-Dos-Santos MA, Dos Santos FK, Prista A, Leandro CG. Deficits in anthropometric indices of nutritional status and motor performance among low birth weight children from Maputo City, Mozambique. Am J Hum Biol 2017; 29. [PMID: 28176405 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate associations between low birth weight (LBW) and anthropometry, body composition, physical fitness, and gross motor coordination among schoolchildren from Maputo, Mozambique. METHODS A total of 353 children aged 7 to 10 years old from both genders born in Maputo (Mozambique) were sampled. The sample was divided into two groups: LBW (n = 155) and normal birth weight (NBW, n = 198). Body composition measurements and indices weight-for-age, height-for-age, and weight-for-height were assessed. Physical fitness was assessed by handgrip strength, flexibility, agility, long jump, and running speed. Gross motor coordination was evaluated by using the Korper Koordination Test fur Kinder (KTK) battery. RESULTS LBW children were lighter and smaller than NBW children with reduced indices for weight-for-age and height-for-age. They also showed a reduced performance in handgrip strength and sideways movement tests. These differences remained significant even after adjustment for age, gender, body size, and fatness skinfold thickness. CONCLUSION LBW seems to be the major factor that influences anthropometry, and is a predictor of low muscle strength and low performance on sideways movement tests. This result suggests that growth faltering in LBW children is associated with adverse health consequences, even after controlling for gender, age, fatness, and body size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Eugénio Tchamo
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Pedagogic University of Mozambique.,Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - António Prista
- Research Group for Physical Activity and Health - CIDAF -FEFD, Pedagogic University of Mozambique
| | - Carol Góis Leandro
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
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Moura-Dos-Santos MA, De Almeida MB, Manhães-De-Castro R, Katzmarzyk PT, Maia JAR, Leandro CG. Birthweight, body composition, and motor performance in 7- to 10-year-old children. Dev Med Child Neurol 2015; 57:470-5. [PMID: 25530042 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of birthweight on motor performance and body composition in children. Further, we investigated whether associations between birthweight and motor performance changed after adjustment for current height, body mass index (BMI), fat-free mass (FFM), and % body fat. METHOD A total of 483 children (251 males and 232 females) aged 7 to 10 years (mean 8.78, SD 1.0y) born in Vitória Santo Antão (northeast Brazil) were sampled. Motor performance was operationalized using different physical fitness components and gross motor coordination. Physical fitness was measured by handgrip strength, muscle endurance, explosive power, flexibility, agility, running speed, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Gross motor coordination was evaluated by means of the Körper Koordination Test für Kinder (KTK). RESULTS Positive correlations between birthweight and height, BMI, and FFM were found. Birthweight was positively correlated with handgrip strength and negatively correlated with 20-meter sprint time, even after controlling for age, height, BMI, FFM, and % body fat. Birthweight was negatively associated with relative VO2max (mL/kg/min); however, the association was no longer significant after inclusion of BMI or FFM in the model. INTERPRETATION Birthweight significantly predicted height, BMI, FFM, and performance in strength and velocity tests, but did not influence gross motor coordination.
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