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Statz M, Schleuter F, Weber H, Kober M, Plocksties F, Timmermann D, Storch A, Fauser M. Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation does not alter growth factor expression in a rat model of stable dopaminergic deficiency. Neurosci Lett 2023; 814:137459. [PMID: 37625613 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been a highly effective treatment option for mid-to-late-stage Parkinson's disease (PD) for decades. Besides direct effects on brain networks, neuroprotective effects of STN-DBS - potentially via alterations of growth factor expression levels - have been proposed as additional mechanisms of action. OBJECTIVE In the context of clarifying DBS mechanisms, we analyzed brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) levels in the basal ganglia, motor and parietal cortices, and dentate gyrus in an animal model of stable, severe dopaminergic deficiency. METHODS We applied one week of continuous unilateral STN-DBS in a group of stable 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) hemiparkinsonian rats (6-OHDASTIM) in comparison to a 6-OHDA control group (6-OHDASHAM) as well as healthy controls (CTRLSTIM and CTRLSHAM). BDNF and GDNF levels were determined via ELISAs. RESULTS The 6-OHDA lesion did not result in a persistent alteration in either BDNF or GDNF levels in a model of severe dopaminergic deficiency after completion of the dopaminergic degeneration. STN-DBS modestly increased BDNF levels in the entopeduncular nucleus, but even impaired BDNF and GDNF expression in cortical areas. CONCLUSIONS STN-DBS does not increase growth factor expression when applied to a model of completed, severe dopaminergic deficiency in contrast to other studies in models of modest and ongoing dopaminergic degeneration. In healthy controls, STN-DBS does not influence BDNF or GDNF expression. We consider these findings relevant for clinical purposes since DBS in PD is usually applied late in the course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Statz
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Frederike Schleuter
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Hanna Weber
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Maria Kober
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Franz Plocksties
- Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 26, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Dirk Timmermann
- Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 26, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Storch
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany; German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Mareike Fauser
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany.
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Helf C, Kober M, Markert F, Lanto J, Overhoff L, Badstübner-Meeske K, Storch A, Fauser M. Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation induces nigrostriatal dopaminergic plasticity in a stable rat model of Parkinson's disease. Neuroreport 2023; 34:506-511. [PMID: 37270842 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been a highly effective treatment option for middle to late stage Parkinson's disease for decades. Though, the underlying mechanisms of action, particularly effects on the cellular level, remain in part unclear. In the context of identifying disease-modifying effects of STN-DBS by prompting cellular plasticity in midbrain dopaminergic systems, we analyzed neuronal tyrosine hydroxylase and c-Fos expression in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and ventral tegmental area (VTA). METHODS We applied 1 week of continuous unilateral STN-DBS in a group of stable 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) hemiparkinsonian rats (STNSTIM) in comparison to a 6-OHDA control group (STNSHAM). Immunohistochemistry identified NeuN+, tyrosine hydroxylase+ and c-Fos+ cells within the SNpc and VTA. RESULTS After 1 week, rats in the STNSTIM group had 3.5-fold more tyrosine hydroxylase+ neurons within the SNpc (P = 0.010) but not in the VTA compared to sham controls. There was no difference in basal cell activity as indicated by c-Fos expression in both midbrain dopaminergic systems. CONCLUSION Our data support a neurorestorative effect of STN-DBS in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system already after 7 days of continuous STN-DBS in the stable Parkinson's disease rat model without affecting basal cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Kober
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexander Storch
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock
- German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany
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Statz M, Kober M, Schleuter F, Bathel H, Plocksties F, Timmermann D, van Rienen U, Fauser M, Storch A. Effects of deep brain stimulation in the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) on cellular plasticity in catecholaminergic systems in a hemiparkinsonian rat model. Brain Stimul 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.01.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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Payonk JP, Zimmermann J, Kober M, Storch A, van Rienen U. Increasing reliability of computer simulation for deep brain stimulation by using impedance spectroscopy. Brain Stimul 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.01.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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Kober M, Bernsdorff F, Zimmermann J, Statz M, Lanto J, Arbeiter N, Bathel H, Payonk P, Fauser M, van Rienen U, Storch A. Characterization of the Electrode Tissue Interface after long-term Deep Brain Stimulation in a 6-Hydroxydopamine Hemi-Parkinson rat model. Brain Stimul 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2023.01.706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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Andree A, Li N, Butenko K, Kober M, Chen JZ, Higuchi T, Fauser M, Storch A, Ip CW, Kühn AA, Horn A, van Rienen U. Deep brain stimulation electrode modeling in rats. Exp Neurol 2022; 350:113978. [PMID: 35026227 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.113978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is an efficacious treatment option for an increasing range of brain disorders. To enhance our knowledge about the mechanisms of action of DBS and to probe novel targets, basic research in animal models with DBS is an essential research base. Beyond nonhuman primate, pig, and mouse models, the rat is a widely used animal model for probing DBS effects in basic research. Reconstructing DBS electrode placement after surgery is crucial to associate observed effects with modulating a specific target structure. Post-mortem histology is a commonly used method for reconstructing the electrode location. In humans, however, neuroimaging-based electrode localizations have become established. For this reason, we adapt the open-source software pipeline Lead-DBS for DBS electrode localizations from humans to the rat model. We validate our localization results by inter-rater concordance and a comparison with the conventional histological method. Finally, using the open-source software pipeline OSS-DBS, we demonstrate the subject-specific simulation of the VTA and the activation of axon models aligned to pathways representing neuronal fibers, also known as the pathway activation model. Both activation models yield a characterization of the impact of DBS on the target area. Our results suggest that the proposed neuroimaging-based method can precisely localize DBS electrode placements that are essentially rater-independent and yield results comparable to the histological gold standard. The advantages of neuroimaging-based electrode localizations are the possibility of acquiring them in vivo and combining electrode reconstructions with advanced imaging metrics, such as those obtained from diffusion or functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This paper introduces a freely available open-source pipeline for DBS electrode reconstructions in rats. The presented initial validation results are promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Andree
- Institute of General Electrical Engineering, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Ningfei Li
- Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Department for Neurology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Konstantin Butenko
- Institute of General Electrical Engineering, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Maria Kober
- Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Jia Zhi Chen
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Takahiro Higuchi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital of Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Straße 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Mareike Fauser
- Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Alexander Storch
- Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany; German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, Gehlsheimer, Straße 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany; Department Ageing of Individuals and Society, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Chi Wang Ip
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Andrea A Kühn
- Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Department for Neurology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andreas Horn
- Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health, Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Unit, Department for Neurology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ursula van Rienen
- Institute of General Electrical Engineering, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany; Department Ageing of Individuals and Society, University of Rostock, Gehlsheimer Straße 20, 18147 Rostock, Germany; Department Life, Light & Matter, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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Plocksties F, Kober M, Niemann C, Heller J, Fauser M, Nüssel M, Uster F, Franz D, Zwar M, Lüttig A, Kröger J, Harloff J, Schulz A, Richter A, Köhling R, Timmermann D, Storch A. The software defined implantable modular platform (STELLA) for preclinical deep brain stimulation research in rodents. J Neural Eng 2021; 18. [PMID: 34542029 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac23e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Context.Long-term deep brain stimulation (DBS) studies in rodents are of crucial importance for research progress in this field. However, most stimulation devices require jackets or large head-mounted systems which severely affect mobility and general welfare influencing animals' behavior.Objective.To develop a preclinical neurostimulation implant system for long-term DBS research in small animal models.Approach.We propose a low-cost dual-channel DBS implant called software defined implantable platform (STELLA) with a printed circuit board size of Ø13 × 3.3 mm, weight of 0.6 g and current consumption of 7.6µA/3.1 V combined with an epoxy resin-based encapsulation method.Main results.STELLA delivers charge-balanced and configurable current pulses with widely used commercial electrodes. Whilein vitrostudies demonstrate at least 12 weeks of error-free stimulation using a CR1225 battery, our calculations predict a battery lifetime of up to 3 years using a CR2032. Exemplary application for DBS of the subthalamic nucleus in adult rats demonstrates that fully-implanted STELLA neurostimulators are very well-tolerated over 42 days without relevant stress after the early postoperative phase resulting in normal animal behavior. Encapsulation, external control and monitoring of function proved to be feasible. Stimulation with standard parameters elicited c-Fos expression by subthalamic neurons demonstrating biologically active function of STELLA.Significance.We developed a fully implantable, scalable and reliable DBS device that meets the urgent need for reverse translational research on DBS in freely moving rodent disease models including sensitive behavioral experiments. We thus add an important technology for animal research according to 'The Principle of Humane Experimental Technique'-replacement, reduction and refinement (3R). All hardware, software and additional materials are available under an open source license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Plocksties
- Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering, University of Rostock, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Maria Kober
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Niemann
- Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering, University of Rostock, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jakob Heller
- Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering, University of Rostock, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Mareike Fauser
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Nüssel
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Felix Uster
- Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering, University of Rostock, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Denise Franz
- Institute of Physiology, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Monique Zwar
- Institute of Physiology, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Anika Lüttig
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Justin Kröger
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jörg Harloff
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Angelika Richter
- Institute of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Köhling
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| | - Dirk Timmermann
- Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering, University of Rostock, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Storch
- Department of Neurology, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
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Kaaden T, Tympel V, Kober M, Schmidl F, Rettenmayr M, Lippmann S. Electric pulse heating device for the analysis of solid/solid phase transformations. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:074703. [PMID: 34340424 DOI: 10.1063/5.0051742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ohmic pulse heating is applied to investigate diffusion and interface controlled solid-state phase transformations. The developed device uses extensive solid-state electronics providing a high current, low voltage approach that overcomes the limitations of existing setups, most notably the use of sample geometries that allow for the reliable measurement of local temperatures and their assignment to microstructures. Power for heating is supplied by a capacitor array with adjustable voltage, and the process is controlled by microcontrollers and a solid-state relay, which allows for controlled pulses that are adjustable in microseconds. Electric currents of up to 22 kA at 90 V can be realized by the setup. Electric data are monitored and collected during the experiments, and temperature data are captured using a high-resolution infrared camera at high frame rates (1200 fps). The capabilities of the setup are demonstrated by rapid heating (106 K/s) and subsequent cooling of a brass sample. Two distinct areas of the sample are analyzed in detail, showing similar heating, but different cooling curves with rates of 104 and 102 K/s. Local microstructure analysis shows that different phase transformation mechanisms were dominant, and thus, the setup fulfills its purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kaaden
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - V Tympel
- Helmholtz-Institute Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - M Kober
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - F Schmidl
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - M Rettenmayr
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - S Lippmann
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Damert HG, Kober M, Mehling I. Custom-made wrist prothesis (UNI-2™) in a patient with giant cell tumor of the distal radius: 10-year follow-up. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2020; 140:2109-2114. [PMID: 32876750 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-020-03593-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Wrist endoprosthesis is still an exceptional indication compared to the prosthesis of large joints, especially when a rescue surgery procedure of the wrist is no longer possible and the complete wrist arthrodesis is to be considered the ultima ratio. However, a suspended function in the wrist is accompanied by a significant restriction in the patient`s daily life. Using the fourth-generation endoprosthesis, the situation regarding long-term results for the hand has already improved. This means that a durability of more than 6 years is no longer a rarity. Defect situations in joints, in particular those which occur after tumor, still pose a greater challenge. If autologous reconstructions cannot be performed, custom-made prostheses can be considered as very rare indications for joint reconstruction. While these have been used for years on large joints such as shoulder, elbow, knee and hip, they have only been described on the hand in particular cases. We report the 10-year follow-up of implantation of a custom-made wrist prothesis (UNI-2™, KMI, Germany) in a 36-year-old patient with tumorous destruction of the distal radius by a giant cell tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Damert
- Klinik für Plastische, Ästhetische und Handchirurgie, HELIOS-Bördeklinik, Kreiskrankenhaus 4, 39387, Oschersleben, Germany.
| | - M Kober
- Klinik für Plastische, Ästhetische und Handchirurgie, HELIOS-Bördeklinik, Kreiskrankenhaus 4, 39387, Oschersleben, Germany
| | - I Mehling
- St. Vinzenz-Krankenkaus Hanau gGmbH, Am Frankfurter Tor 25, 63450, Hanau, Germany
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Damert HG, Kober M, Mehling I. [Revision surgery after total wrist arthroplasty]. Orthopade 2020; 49:797-807. [PMID: 32776275 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-020-03968-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wrist arthroplasty is still an exceptional indication in the field of hand surgery. In recent years, it has become increasingly accepted as an alternative to wrist arthrodesis as the ultima ratio for panarthrosis or similar destruction of the wrist. In particular, the patient's desire for functional integrity also plays an important role. COMPLICATIONS While there were often complications with earlier prosthesis designs of the older generations and only a short survival rate could be achieved, this has improved, if the indication of the so-called fourth generation prostheses is done properly. Survival rates of over 10 years are no longer uncommon, even without revision operations. Currently, the indication for hemiarthroplasty has been increasing, particularly in the case of post-traumatic destruction. Those who are seriously interested in endoprosthesis should also be able to treat the associated complications. The present article is intended to provide an overview of common or potential complications in the context of wrist arthroplasty and to demonstrate possible solutions by presenting case studies. The basics of primary implantation are, therefore, not discussed. Reference is made to further literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-G Damert
- Klinik für Plastische, Ästhetische und Handchirurgie, HELIOS Bördeklinik GmbH, Kreiskrankenhaus 4, 39387, Oschersleben (Bode)/Neindorf, Deutschland.
| | - M Kober
- Klinik für Plastische, Ästhetische und Handchirurgie, HELIOS Bördeklinik GmbH, Kreiskrankenhaus 4, 39387, Oschersleben (Bode)/Neindorf, Deutschland
| | - I Mehling
- Sektion Handchirurgie, St. Vinzenz-Krankenhaus Hanau gGmbH, Hanau, Deutschland
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Seefried L, Ebert R, Müller-Deubert S, Klotz B, Kober M, Liedert A, Ignatius A, Jakob F. Mechanotransduktion im Alter und bei Osteoporose. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1619947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungKnochen wird permanent an die alltäglichen mechanischen Kräfte adaptiert, um für die natürlichen Gegebenheiten eine optimale Frakturresistenz zu gewährleisten. Osteoporose ist eine Erkrankung, bei der unter Alltagsbedingungen Fragilitätsfrakturen entstehen. Ursache dafür sind strukturelle und qualitative Defizite und eine Verminderung der Knochenmasse. Es handelt sich somit um eine Dysadaptation des Organs, verursacht entweder durch ungenügenden Krafteintrag oder durch eine Störung der Mechanosensitivität der Osteoblasten und Osteozyten. Kraft durch Dehnung, Kompression oder Flüssigkeits-Scher-Stress wird über Adhäsionsmoleküle, Rezeptoren, Kanäle und über das Zytoskelett auf die Zelle übertragen. Die Umwandlung in biologische Signale geschieht durch Signaltransduktionskaskaden bis hin zur Genregulation im Zellkern. Neben den membranständigen molekularen Strukturen werden auch subzelluläre Organell-Strukturen wie z.B. das primäre Zilium als Übermittler mechanischer Signale diskutiert. Bei Osteoporose sind häufig Signalwege gestört, die mit der Mechanotransduktion zusammenhängen, was man an den Hauptrisikofaktoren der Osteoporose ablesen kann. Östrogene wirken als Mechanosensitizer, so dass nach der Menopause die Gefahr der Dysadaptation steigt. Zelluläre Alterung ist mit Störungen der Mechanotransduktion verknüpft, wie am Beispiel von Laminopathien gezeigt werden konnte, präklinischen und klinischen Modellerkrankungen für vorzeitiges Altern. Die als Haupt-Risikogene für den genetischen Hintergrund der Osteoporose identifizierten Kandidaten sind fast sämtlich molekular in die Regulation der Mechanotransduktion eingebunden. Es gibt präklinische und klinische Evidenz dafür, dass z.B. die anabole Therapie mit Parathormon/Teriparatid nur unter Einwirkung mechanischer Kräfte wirklich wirksam ist. Ein überwältigender Hinweis für das Vorliegen fundamentaler Störungen der Regulation der Mechanosensitivität bei der Osteoporose ist die Tatsache, dass meistens der Gewinn von Knochenmasse durch die verfügbaren therapeutischen Prinzipien nicht wirklich nachhaltig ist. Antiresorptive und anabole Prinzipien der Therapie der Knochenmasse sind bereits auf dem Markt, weitere sind in der Entwicklung. Ein Medikament, das die Mechanosensitivität des Knochens beeinflusst, wäre das ideale Werkzeug, um per se anabol zu wirken und/oder den Therapieerfolg mit anderen Medikamenten zu erhalten. Die Forschung hierüber ist daher von hoher klinischer Relevanz.
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Würdemann T, Kersten M, Tokay T, Guli X, Kober M, Rohde M, Porath K, Sellmann T, Bien CG, Köhling R, Kirschstein T. Stereotactic injection of cerebrospinal fluid from anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis into rat dentate gyrus impairs NMDA receptor function. Brain Res 2015; 1633:10-18. [PMID: 26721688 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune encephalitis is increasingly recognized in patients with otherwise unexplained encephalopathy with epilepsy. Among these, patients with anti-N-methyl D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis present epileptic seizures, memory deficits, and psychiatric symptoms. However, the functional consequences of such autoantibodies are poorly understood. In order to investigate the pathophysiology of this disease, we stereotactically injected either cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from three anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients or commercially available anti-NMDAR1 into the dentate gyrus of adult female rats. Control animals were injected with either CSF obtained from three epilepsy patients (ganglioglioma, posttraumatic epilepsy, focal cortical dysplasia) lacking anti-NMDAR or saline. Intracellular recordings from dentate gyrus granule cells showed a significant reduction of the NMDAR-evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials (NMDAR-EPSPs) in animals treated with anti-NMDAR. As a consequence of this, action potential firing in these cells by NMDAR-EPSPs was significantly impaired. Long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus was also significantly reduced in rats injected with anti-NMDAR as compared to control animals. This was accompanied by a significantly impaired learning performance in the Morris water maze hidden platform task when the animals had been injected with anti-NMDAR antibody-containing CSF. Our findings suggest that anti-NMDAR lead to reduced NMDAR function in vivo which could contribute to the memory impairment found in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Würdemann
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Maxi Kersten
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Tursonjan Tokay
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Xiati Guli
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Maria Kober
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Marco Rohde
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Katrin Porath
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Tina Sellmann
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University of Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Rüdiger Köhling
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Timo Kirschstein
- Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University of Rostock, Germany.
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Kocherbitov V, Ulvenlund S, Briggner LE, Kober M, Arnebrant T. Hydration of a natural polyelectrolyte xanthan gum: Comparison with non-ionic carbohydrates. Carbohydr Polym 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kocherbitov V, Ulvenlund S, Kober M, Jarring K, Arnebrant T. Hydration of Microcrystalline Cellulose and Milled Cellulose Studied by Sorption Calorimetry. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:3728-34. [DOI: 10.1021/jp711554c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Kocherbitov
- Biomedical Laboratory Science and Technology, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden, and AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden
| | - Stefan Ulvenlund
- Biomedical Laboratory Science and Technology, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden, and AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Kober
- Biomedical Laboratory Science and Technology, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden, and AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden
| | - Kjell Jarring
- Biomedical Laboratory Science and Technology, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden, and AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Arnebrant
- Biomedical Laboratory Science and Technology, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden, and AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden
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Kober M, Kirschneck D, Marr R. Partikelherstellung in mikrostrukturierten Apparaten. CHEM-ING-TECH 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200590114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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Kober M, Marr R. Effizientere Prozessentwicklung durch Nutzung mikrostrukturierter Apparate. CHEM-ING-TECH 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200590115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kober M, Wojik A, Kirschneck D, Marr R. Vergleich verschiedener Mikromischerkonzepte an Hand einer homogen katalysierten Modellreaktion. CHEM-ING-TECH 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200490174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Rosengren A, Bjursten LM, Danielsen N, Persson H, Kober M. Tissue reactions to polyethylene implants with different surface topography. J Mater Sci Mater Med 1999; 10:75-82. [PMID: 15347928 DOI: 10.1023/a:1008964819101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the importance of implant surface topography on soft tissue response. The tissue response in the rat abdominal wall to discs of low density polyethylene with smooth to coarse surfaces was evaluated after one, six or 12 weeks. Capsule thickness and immunohistochemical quantification of monocytes-macrophages were used as measures. The macrophage specific antibody ED1 was used for identification of newly recruited macrophages and the ED2 antibody for the mature tissue macrophages. The smoother surfaces gave a thicker capsule than the rougher surfaces, and at one week also larger total numbers of cells and ED1 positive macrophages at interface. The capsule thickness increased over time for the smooth and intermediate surface topographies. In contrast, the cell numbers generally decreased over time. In conclusion, a coarse surface elicited lesser tissue reaction compared with a smooth surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rosengren
- Department of Experimental Research, University Hospital MAS, S-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
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Zhang YZ, Bjursten LM, Freij-Larsson C, Kober M, Wesslén B. Tissue response to commercial silicone and polyurethane elastomers after different sterilization procedures. Biomaterials 1996; 17:2265-72. [PMID: 8968522 DOI: 10.1016/0142-9612(96)00055-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Two different commercial polymeric materials, a silicone and a polyurethane (PUR), were studied with regard to correlations between the chemical and physical compositions of the polymer surfaces and the biological response on implantation. Test specimens of the materials were manufactured according to standard procedures. The specimens were implanted in rats for 10 and 90 days. Before implantation the polymers were sterilized in three different ways, namely, beta irradiation, ethylene oxide sterilization and steam sterilization. The polymers were characterized before and after the implantation with respect to the chemical composition and the morphology of the surfaces. After implantation the biological response was evaluated by counting numbers of macrophages, giant cells, fibroblasts and other cells present at the surfaces. The thickness of the fibrous capsule surrounding the test specimens was measured at the thickest and thinnest parts. PUR surfaces showed signs of degradation already after sterilization and after 10 to 90 days of implantation, pits and cracks appeared, especially in the ethylene oxide sterilized samples. However, differences in the biological responses were small and independent of the sterilization method. After 10 days of implantation the capsule thickness and the amounts of cell material adhering at the surfaces were different, and it appears that the silicone rubber induces more tissue response than PUR. The differences in the early tissue response evened out after 90 days implantation time and a steady state situation evolved, which was similar for the silicone and the polyurethane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Z Zhang
- Department of Experimental Research, Malmö General Hospital, Lund University, Sweden
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Wesslén B, Freij-Larsson C, Kober M, Ljungh Å, Pauisson M, Tengvall P. Amphiphilic biosurfaces. Materials Science and Engineering: C 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0928-4931(94)90043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wesslén B, Kober M, Freij-Larsson C, Ljungh A, Paulsson M. Protein adsorption of poly(ether urethane) surfaces modified by amphiphilic and hydrophilic polymers. Biomaterials 1994; 15:278-84. [PMID: 8031988 DOI: 10.1016/0142-9612(94)90052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A commercial biomedical poly(ether urethane), Pellethane 2363-80AE, was surface modified through the use of amphiphilic polymeric additives, and through surface grafting with poly(ethylene glycol), PEG. Two different amphiphilic polymers, Polymer C and Pluronic PE9400, were used as additives. Polymer C, a segmented polyurethane, was prepared from PEG1500, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and a C16-C18 monoglyceride chain extender. Pluronic PE9400 is a propylene oxide-ethylene oxide tri-block co-polymer obtained from BASF. Adsorption of human albumin and fibrinogen to the modified surfaces was studied by means of radiolabelled proteins. By contact angle measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectra the amphiphilic polymers were shown to accumulate at the polyurethane surfaces. Adsorption of fibrinogen, in particular, was significantly reduced by the amphiphilic additives to levels similar to those obtained for Pellethane surfaces grafted with PEG 20,000. In vitro clotting times for citrate-buffered blood in contact with the amphiphilic surfaces increased as compared with the unmodified ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wesslén
- Department of Chemical Engineering II, Lund University, Sweden
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Paulsson M, Kober M, Freij-Larsson C, Stollenwerk M, Wesslén B, Ljungh A. Adhesion of staphylococci to chemically modified and native polymers, and the influence of preadsorbed fibronectin, vitronectin and fibrinogen. Biomaterials 1993; 14:845-53. [PMID: 7692991 DOI: 10.1016/0142-9612(93)90006-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A commercially available poly(ether urethane), polyethylene, and modifications of these polymers have been compared with respect to adsorption of fibronectin, fibrinogen and vitronectin. The adhesion of staphylococcal strains (characterized for ability to bind immobilized proteins, cell surface hydrophobicity and charge) was studied by bioluminescence with and without preadsorption of proteins to the surfaces. The least amount of proteins and the fewest bacteria adhered to the amphiphilic surfaces. When polymers were preincubated with plasma or albumin, lower numbers of bacteria adhered, except to Pellethane grafted with PEG 20,000, to which coagulase-negative staphylococci adhered to a higher extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Paulsson
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Lund, Sweden
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Freij-Larsson C, Kober M, Wesslén B, Willquist E, Tengvall P. Effects of a polymeric additive in a biomedical poly(ether urethaneurea). J Appl Polym Sci 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1993.070490507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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