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Humpola MV, Spinelli R, Erben M, Perdomo V, Tonarelli GG, Albericio F, Siano AS. D- and N-Methyl Amino Acids for Modulating the Therapeutic Properties of Antimicrobial Peptides and Lipopeptides. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050821. [PMID: 37237724 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we designed and synthesized analogs of two antimicrobial peptides, namely C10:0-A2, a lipopeptide, and TA4, a cationic α-helical amphipathic peptide, and used non-proteinogenic amino acids to improve their therapeutic properties. The physicochemical properties of these analogs were analyzed, including their retention time, hydrophobicity, and critical micelle concentration, as well as their antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and yeast. Our results showed that substitution with D- and N-methyl amino acids could be a useful strategy to modulate the therapeutic properties of antimicrobial peptides and lipopeptides, including enhancing stability against enzymatic degradation. The study provides insights into the design and optimization of antimicrobial peptides to achieve improved stability and therapeutic efficacy. TA4(dK), C10:0-A2(6-NMeLys), and C10:0-A2(9-NMeLys) were identified as the most promising molecules for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Veronica Humpola
- Laboratorio de Péptidos Bioactivos, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe S3000ZAA, Argentina
| | - Roque Spinelli
- Laboratorio de Péptidos Bioactivos, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe S3000ZAA, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Melina Erben
- Laboratorio de Péptidos Bioactivos, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe S3000ZAA, Argentina
| | - Virginia Perdomo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
- Área Parasitología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario S2002KTT, Argentina
| | - Georgina Guadalupe Tonarelli
- Laboratorio de Péptidos Bioactivos, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe S3000ZAA, Argentina
| | - Fernando Albericio
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alvaro Sebastian Siano
- Laboratorio de Péptidos Bioactivos, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe S3000ZAA, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina
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Siano A, Humpola MV, de Oliveira E, Albericio F, Simonetta AC, Lajmanovich R, Tonarelli GG. Leptodactylus latrans Amphibian Skin Secretions as a Novel Source for the Isolation of Antibacterial Peptides. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112943. [PMID: 30423858 PMCID: PMC6278411 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphibians´ skin produces a diverse array of antimicrobial peptides that play a crucial role as the first line of defense against microbial invasion. Despite the immense richness of wild amphibians in Argentina, current knowledge about the presence of peptides with antimicrobial properties is limited to a only few species. Here we used LC-MS-MS to identify antimicrobial peptides with masses ranging from 1000 to 4000 Da from samples of skin secretions of Leptodactylus latrans (Anura: Leptodactylidae). Three novel amino acid sequences were selected for chemical synthesis and further studies. The three synthetic peptides, named P1-Ll-1577, P2-Ll-1298, and P3-Ll-2085, inhibited the growth of two ATCC strains, namely Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. P3-Ll-2085 was the most active peptide. In the presence of trifluoroethanol (TFE) and anionic liposomes, it adopted an amphipathic α-helical structure. P2-Ll-1298 showed slightly lower activity than P3-Ll-2085. Comparison of the MIC values of these two peptides revealed that the addition of seven amino acid residues (GLLDFLK) on the N-terminal of P2-Ll-1298 significantly improved activity against both strains. P1-Ll-1577, which remarkably is an anionic peptide, showed interesting antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus strain, showing marked membrane selectivity and non-hemolysis. Due to this, P1-L1-1577 emerges as a potential candidate for the development of new antibacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Siano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Cs. Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1825 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Maria Veronica Humpola
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Cs. Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1825 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Eliandre de Oliveira
- Proteomics Platform, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Fernando Albericio
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;.
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 4000 Durban, South Africa.
| | - Arturo C Simonetta
- Cátedras de Microbiología y Biotecnología, Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, U.N.L. Santiago del Estero 2829, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Rafael Lajmanovich
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 1825 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Cátedra de Ecotoxicología, Escuela Superior de Sanidad. FBCB, U.N.L. Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Georgina G Tonarelli
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica y Cs. Biológicas (FBCB), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
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