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Maxouri O, Bodalal Z, Daal M, Rostami S, Rodriguez I, Akkari L, Srinivas M, Bernards R, Beets-Tan R. How to 19F MRI: applications, technique, and getting started. BJR Open 2023; 5:20230019. [PMID: 37953866 PMCID: PMC10636348 DOI: 10.1259/bjro.20230019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a significant role in the routine imaging workflow, providing both anatomical and functional information. 19F MRI is an evolving imaging modality where instead of 1H, 19F nuclei are excited. As the signal from endogenous 19F in the body is negligible, exogenous 19F signals obtained by 19F radiofrequency coils are exceptionally specific. Highly fluorinated agents targeting particular biological processes (i.e., the presence of immune cells) have been visualised using 19F MRI, highlighting its potential for non-invasive and longitudinal molecular imaging. This article aims to provide both a broad overview of the various applications of 19F MRI, with cancer imaging as a focus, as well as a practical guide to 19F imaging. We will discuss the essential elements of a 19F system and address common pitfalls during acquisition. Last but not least, we will highlight future perspectives that will enhance the role of this modality. While not an exhaustive exploration of all 19F literature, we endeavour to encapsulate the broad themes of the field and introduce the world of 19F molecular imaging to newcomers. 19F MRI bridges several domains, imaging, physics, chemistry, and biology, necessitating multidisciplinary teams to be able to harness this technology effectively. As further technical developments allow for greater sensitivity, we envision that 19F MRI can help unlock insight into biological processes non-invasively and longitudinally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Leila Akkari
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - René Bernards
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wouterlood FG, Engel A, Daal M, Houwen G, Meinderts A, Jordà Siquier T, Beliën JAM, van Dongen YC, Scheel-Krüger J, Thierry AM, Groenewegen HJ, Deniau JM. Mesencephalic dopamine neurons interfacing the shell of nucleus accumbens and the dorsolateral striatum in the rat. J Neurosci Res 2018; 96:1518-1542. [PMID: 29696690 PMCID: PMC6099426 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Parallel corticostriatonigral circuits have been proposed that separately process motor, cognitive, and emotional‐motivational information. Functional integration requires that interactions exist between neurons participating in these circuits. This makes it imperative to study the complex anatomical substrate underlying corticostriatonigral circuits. It has previously been proposed that dopaminergic neurons in the ventral mesencephalon may play a role in this circuit interaction. Therefore, we studied in rats convergence of basal ganglia circuits by depositing an anterograde neuroanatomical tracer into the ventral striatum together with a retrograde fluorescent tracer ipsilaterally in the dorsolateral striatum. In the mesencephalon, using confocal microscopy, we looked for possible appositions of anterogradely labeled fibers and retrogradely labeled neurons, “enhancing” the latter via intracellular injection of Lucifer Yellow. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunofluorescence served to identify dopaminergic neurons. In neurophysiological experiments, we combined orthodromic stimulation in the medial ventral striatum with recording from ventral mesencephalic neurons characterized by antidromic stimulation from the dorsal striatum. We observed terminal fields of anterogradely labeled fibers that overlap populations of retrogradely labeled nigrostriatal cell bodies in the substantia nigra pars compacta and lateral ventral tegmental area (VTA), with numerous close appositions between boutons of anterogradely labeled fibers and nigrostriatal, TH‐immunopositive neurons. Neurophysiological stimulation in the medial ventral striatum caused inhibition of dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons projecting to the ventrolateral striatal territory. Responding nigrostriatal neurons were located in the medial substantia nigra and adjacent VTA. Our results strongly suggest a functional link between ventromedial, emotional‐motivational striatum, and the sensorimotor dorsal striatum via dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floris G Wouterlood
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Engel
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariah Daal
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gertjan Houwen
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aileen Meinderts
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tomàs Jordà Siquier
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen A M Beliën
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette C van Dongen
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U114, Chaire de Neuropharmacologie, Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Jørgen Scheel-Krüger
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Anne-Marie Thierry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U114, Chaire de Neuropharmacologie, Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Henk J Groenewegen
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Michel Deniau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U114, Chaire de Neuropharmacologie, Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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3
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Agnese R, Aramaki T, Arnquist IJ, Baker W, Balakishiyeva D, Banik S, Barker D, Basu Thakur R, Bauer DA, Binder T, Bowles MA, Brink PL, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Caldwell DO, Calkins R, Cartaro C, Cerdeño DG, Chang Y, Chen Y, Cooley J, Cornell B, Cushman P, Daal M, Di Stefano PCF, Doughty T, Fascione E, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Fritts M, Gerbier G, Germond R, Ghaith M, Godfrey GL, Golwala SR, Hall J, Harris HR, Hong Z, Hoppe EW, Hsu L, Huber ME, Iyer V, Jardin D, Jastram A, Jena C, Kelsey MH, Kennedy A, Kubik A, Kurinsky NA, Loer B, Lopez Asamar E, Lukens P, MacDonell D, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, Mast N, Miller EH, Mirabolfathi N, Mohanty B, Morales Mendoza JD, Nelson J, Orrell JL, Oser SM, Page K, Page WA, Partridge R, Penalver Martinez M, Pepin M, Phipps A, Poudel S, Pyle M, Qiu H, Rau W, Redl P, Reisetter A, Reynolds T, Roberts A, Robinson AE, Rogers HE, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Schneck K, Schnee RW, Scorza S, Senapati K, Serfass B, Speller D, Stein M, Street J, Tanaka HA, Toback D, Underwood R, Villano AN, von Krosigk B, Welliver B, Wilson JS, Wilson MJ, Wright DH, Yellin S, Yen JJ, Young BA, Zhang X, Zhao X. Results from the Super Cryogenic Dark Matter Search Experiment at Soudan. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:061802. [PMID: 29481237 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.061802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the result of a blinded search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) using the majority of the SuperCDMS Soudan data set. With an exposure of 1690 kg d, a single candidate event is observed, consistent with expected backgrounds. This analysis (combined with previous Ge results) sets an upper limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section of 1.4×10^{-44} (1.0×10^{-44}) cm^{2} at 46 GeV/c^{2}. These results set the strongest limits for WIMP-germanium-nucleus interactions for masses >12 GeV/c^{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Agnese
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville Florida 32611, USA
| | - T Aramaki
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - I J Arnquist
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - W Baker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D Balakishiyeva
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - S Banik
- School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - D Barker
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - R Basu Thakur
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D A Bauer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - T Binder
- Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - M A Bowles
- Department of Physics, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - P L Brink
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R Bunker
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - B Cabrera
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D O Caldwell
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - R Calkins
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - C Cartaro
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D G Cerdeño
- Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
- Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Y Chang
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, & Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - J Cooley
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - B Cornell
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, & Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - P Cushman
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M Daal
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P C F Di Stefano
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - T Doughty
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - E Fascione
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - E Figueroa-Feliciano
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3112, USA
| | - M Fritts
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - G Gerbier
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - R Germond
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - M Ghaith
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - G L Godfrey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S R Golwala
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, & Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Hall
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - H R Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Z Hong
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3112, USA
| | - E W Hoppe
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - L Hsu
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M E Huber
- Departments of Physics and Electrical Engineering, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado 80217, USA
| | - V Iyer
- School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - D Jardin
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - A Jastram
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - C Jena
- School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - M H Kelsey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Kennedy
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - A Kubik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - N A Kurinsky
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - B Loer
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - E Lopez Asamar
- Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - P Lukens
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - D MacDonell
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - R Mahapatra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - V Mandic
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - N Mast
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - E H Miller
- Department of Physics, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - N Mirabolfathi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - B Mohanty
- School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - J D Morales Mendoza
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - J Nelson
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - J L Orrell
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - S M Oser
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - K Page
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - W A Page
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - R Partridge
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | - M Pepin
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - A Phipps
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Poudel
- Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - M Pyle
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - W Rau
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - P Redl
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - A Reisetter
- Department of Physics, University of Evansville, Evansville, Indiana 47722, USA
| | - T Reynolds
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville Florida 32611, USA
| | - A Roberts
- Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - A E Robinson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - H E Rogers
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - T Saab
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville Florida 32611, USA
| | - B Sadoulet
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sander
- Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - K Schneck
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R W Schnee
- Department of Physics, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - S Scorza
- SNOLAB, Creighton Mine #9, 1039 Regional Road 24, Sudbury, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - K Senapati
- School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - B Serfass
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Speller
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Stein
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - J Street
- Department of Physics, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - H A Tanaka
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - D Toback
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - R Underwood
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - A N Villano
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - B von Krosigk
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - B Welliver
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville Florida 32611, USA
| | - J S Wilson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - M J Wilson
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - D H Wright
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Yellin
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - J J Yen
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - B A Young
- Department of Physics, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - X Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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Szypryt P, Meeker SR, Coiffard G, Fruitwala N, Bumble B, Ulbricht G, Walter AB, Daal M, Bockstiegel C, Collura G, Zobrist N, Lipartito I, Mazin BA. Large-format platinum silicide microwave kinetic inductance detectors for optical to near-IR astronomy. Opt Express 2017; 25:25894-25909. [PMID: 29041252 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.025894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We have fabricated and characterized 10,000 and 20,440 pixel Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detector (MKID) arrays for the Dark-speckle Near-IR Energy-resolved Superconducting Spectrophotometer (DARKNESS) and the MKID Exoplanet Camera (MEC). These instruments are designed to sit behind adaptive optics systems with the goal of directly imaging exoplanets in a 800-1400 nm band. Previous large optical and near-IR MKID arrays were fabricated using substoichiometric titanium nitride (TiN) on a silicon substrate. These arrays, however, suffered from severe non-uniformities in the TiN critical temperature, causing resonances to shift away from their designed values and lowering usable detector yield. We have begun fabricating DARKNESS and MEC arrays using platinum silicide (PtSi) on sapphire instead of TiN. Not only do these arrays have much higher uniformity than the TiN arrays, resulting in higher pixel yields, they have demonstrated better spectral resolution than TiN MKIDs of similar design. PtSi MKIDs also do not display the hot pixel effects seen when illuminating TiN on silicon MKIDs with photons with wavelengths shorter than 1 µm.
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Hakimzadeh N, van Lier MGJTB, van Horssen P, Daal M, Ly DH, Belterman C, Coronel R, Spaan JAE, Siebes M. Selective subepicardial localization of monocyte subsets in response to progressive coronary artery constriction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 311:H239-50. [PMID: 27208158 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00187.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Following myocardial infarction and atherosclerotic lesion development, monocytes contribute to myocardial protection and repair, while also partaking in myocardial ischemic injury. The balance of proinflammatory and reparative monocyte subsets is crucial in governing these therapeutic and pathological outcomes. Myocardial ischemic damage displays heterogeneity across the myocardium, whereby the subendocardium shows greatest vulnerability to ischemic damage. In this study we examined the transmural distribution of monocyte subsets in response to gradual coronary artery occlusion. CD14(+) monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood of New Zealand White rabbits and divided into two subgroups based on the expression of CD62L. We employed a rabbit model of progressive coronary artery obstruction to induce chronic myocardial ischemia and reinfused fluorescently labeled autologous monocytes. The distribution of fluorescently labeled autologous monocytes was examined with a high-resolution three-dimensional imaging cryomicrotome. The subepicardial layer contained the largest infiltration of both monocyte subgroups, with a significantly greater proportion of CD14(+)CD62L(+) monocytes at the time when the ischemic area was at a maximum. By targeting CD13(+) angiogenic vessels, we confirmed the presence of angiogenesis in epicardial and midmyocardial regions. These myocardial regions demonstrated the highest level of infiltration of both monocyte subsets. Furthermore, CD14(+)CD62L(+) monocytes showed significantly greater migration towards monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, greater adhesive capacity, and higher expression of C-C chemokine receptor type-2 relative to CD14(+)CD62L(-) monocytes. In conclusion, we note selective subepicardial distribution of monocyte subpopulations, with changes in proportion depending on the time after onset of coronary narrowing. Selective homing is supported by divergent migratory properties of each respective monocyte subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Hakimzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique G J T B van Lier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pepijn van Horssen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariah Daal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Duy Ha Ly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charly Belterman
- Deptartment of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and
| | - Ruben Coronel
- Deptartment of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and IHU Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jos A E Spaan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Siebes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
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6
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Agnese R, Anderson AJ, Aramaki T, Asai M, Baker W, Balakishiyeva D, Barker D, Basu Thakur R, Bauer DA, Billard J, Borgland A, Bowles MA, Brink PL, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Caldwell DO, Calkins R, Cerdeno DG, Chagani H, Chen Y, Cooley J, Cornell B, Cushman P, Daal M, Di Stefano PCF, Doughty T, Esteban L, Fallows S, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Ghaith M, Godfrey GL, Golwala SR, Hall J, Harris HR, Hofer T, Holmgren D, Hsu L, Huber ME, Jardin D, Jastram A, Kamaev O, Kara B, Kelsey MH, Kennedy A, Leder A, Loer B, Lopez Asamar E, Lukens P, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, Mast N, Mirabolfathi N, Moffatt RA, Morales Mendoza JD, Oser SM, Page K, Page WA, Partridge R, Pepin M, Phipps A, Prasad K, Pyle M, Qiu H, Rau W, Redl P, Reisetter A, Ricci Y, Roberts A, Rogers HE, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Schneck K, Schnee RW, Scorza S, Serfass B, Shank B, Speller D, Toback D, Underwood R, Upadhyayula S, Villano AN, Welliver B, Wilson JS, Wright DH, Yellin S, Yen JJ, Young BA, Zhang J. New Results from the Search for Low-Mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles with the CDMS Low Ionization Threshold Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:071301. [PMID: 26943526 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.071301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The CDMS low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite) uses cryogenic germanium detectors operated at a relatively high bias voltage to amplify the phonon signal in the search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). Results are presented from the second CDMSlite run with an exposure of 70 kg day, which reached an energy threshold for electron recoils as low as 56 eV. A fiducialization cut reduces backgrounds below those previously reported by CDMSlite. New parameter space for the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross section is excluded for WIMP masses between 1.6 and 5.5 GeV/c^{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Agnese
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - A J Anderson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - T Aramaki
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Asai
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - W Baker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D Balakishiyeva
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - D Barker
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - R Basu Thakur
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D A Bauer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Billard
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Borgland
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M A Bowles
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - P L Brink
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R Bunker
- Department of Physics, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - B Cabrera
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D O Caldwell
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - R Calkins
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - D G Cerdeno
- Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - H Chagani
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - J Cooley
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - B Cornell
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - P Cushman
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M Daal
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P C F Di Stefano
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - T Doughty
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L Esteban
- Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Fallows
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - E Figueroa-Feliciano
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3112, USA
| | - M Ghaith
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - G L Godfrey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S R Golwala
- Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Hall
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - H R Harris
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - T Hofer
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - D Holmgren
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - L Hsu
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M E Huber
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado 80217, USA
| | - D Jardin
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - A Jastram
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - O Kamaev
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - B Kara
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - M H Kelsey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Kennedy
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - A Leder
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Loer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - E Lopez Asamar
- Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Lukens
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - R Mahapatra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - V Mandic
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - N Mast
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - N Mirabolfathi
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R A Moffatt
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - J D Morales Mendoza
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - S M Oser
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - K Page
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - W A Page
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - R Partridge
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Pepin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - A Phipps
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Prasad
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - M Pyle
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - W Rau
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - P Redl
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - A Reisetter
- Department of Physics, University of Evansville, Evansville, Indiana 47722, USA
| | - Y Ricci
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - A Roberts
- Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - H E Rogers
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - T Saab
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - B Sadoulet
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sander
- Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - K Schneck
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R W Schnee
- Department of Physics, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - S Scorza
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - B Serfass
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B Shank
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D Speller
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Toback
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - R Underwood
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - S Upadhyayula
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - A N Villano
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - B Welliver
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - J S Wilson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - D H Wright
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Yellin
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - J J Yen
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - B A Young
- Department of Physics, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - J Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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7
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Agnese R, Anderson AJ, Balakishiyeva D, Basu Thakur R, Bauer DA, Billard J, Borgland A, Bowles MA, Brandt D, Brink PL, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Caldwell DO, Cerdeno DG, Chagani H, Chen Y, Cooley J, Cornell B, Crewdson CH, Cushman P, Daal M, Di Stefano PCF, Doughty T, Esteban L, Fallows S, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Godfrey GL, Golwala SR, Hall J, Harris HR, Hertel SA, Hofer T, Holmgren D, Hsu L, Huber ME, Jastram A, Kamaev O, Kara B, Kelsey MH, Kennedy A, Kiveni M, Koch K, Leder A, Loer B, Lopez Asamar E, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, Martinez C, McCarthy KA, Mirabolfathi N, Moffatt RA, Moore DC, Nelson H, Nelson RH, Ogburn RW, Page K, Page WA, Partridge R, Pepin M, Phipps A, Prasad K, Pyle M, Qiu H, Rau W, Redl P, Reisetter A, Ricci Y, Rogers HE, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Schneck K, Schnee RW, Scorza S, Serfass B, Shank B, Speller D, Upadhyayula S, Villano AN, Welliver B, Wright DH, Yellin S, Yen JJ, Young BA, Zhang J. First direct limits on lightly ionizing particles with electric charge less than e/6. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:111302. [PMID: 25839256 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.111302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
While the standard model of particle physics does not include free particles with fractional charge, experimental searches have not ruled out their existence. We report results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS II) experiment that give the first direct-detection limits for cosmogenically produced relativistic particles with electric charge lower than e/6. A search for tracks in the six stacked detectors of each of two of the CDMS II towers finds no candidates, thereby excluding new parameter space for particles with electric charges between e/6 and e/200.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Agnese
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - A J Anderson
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Balakishiyeva
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - R Basu Thakur
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D A Bauer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Billard
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Borgland
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M A Bowles
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - D Brandt
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - P L Brink
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R Bunker
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
- Department of Physics, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - B Cabrera
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D O Caldwell
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - D G Cerdeno
- Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IPPP, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - H Chagani
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - J Cooley
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - B Cornell
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, & Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - C H Crewdson
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - P Cushman
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M Daal
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P C F Di Stefano
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - T Doughty
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L Esteban
- Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Fallows
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - E Figueroa-Feliciano
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G L Godfrey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S R Golwala
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, & Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Hall
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - H R Harris
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - S A Hertel
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Hofer
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - D Holmgren
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - L Hsu
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M E Huber
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado 80217, USA
| | - A Jastram
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - O Kamaev
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - B Kara
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - M H Kelsey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Kennedy
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M Kiveni
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - K Koch
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - A Leder
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Loer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - E Lopez Asamar
- Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Mahapatra
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - V Mandic
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - C Martinez
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - K A McCarthy
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Mirabolfathi
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R A Moffatt
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D C Moore
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, & Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - H Nelson
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - R H Nelson
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, & Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - R W Ogburn
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - K Page
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - W A Page
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - R Partridge
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Pepin
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - A Phipps
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Prasad
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - M Pyle
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - W Rau
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - P Redl
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - A Reisetter
- Department of Physics, University of Evansville, Evansville, Indiana 47722, USA
| | - Y Ricci
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - H E Rogers
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - T Saab
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - B Sadoulet
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sander
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - K Schneck
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R W Schnee
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
- Department of Physics, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - S Scorza
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - B Serfass
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B Shank
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D Speller
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Upadhyayula
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - A N Villano
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - B Welliver
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - D H Wright
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Yellin
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - J J Yen
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - B A Young
- Department of Physics, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - J Zhang
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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8
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Agnese R, Anderson AJ, Asai M, Balakishiyeva D, Basu Thakur R, Bauer DA, Beaty J, Billard J, Borgland A, Bowles MA, Brandt D, Brink PL, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Caldwell DO, Cerdeno DG, Chagani H, Chen Y, Cherry M, Cooley J, Cornell B, Crewdson CH, Cushman P, Daal M, DeVaney D, Di Stefano PCF, Silva EDCE, Doughty T, Esteban L, Fallows S, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Godfrey GL, Golwala SR, Hall J, Hansen S, Harris HR, Hertel SA, Hines BA, Hofer T, Holmgren D, Hsu L, Huber ME, Jastram A, Kamaev O, Kara B, Kelsey MH, Kenany S, Kennedy A, Kiveni M, Koch K, Leder A, Loer B, Lopez Asamar E, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, Martinez C, McCarthy KA, Mirabolfathi N, Moffatt RA, Nelson RH, Novak L, Page K, Partridge R, Pepin M, Phipps A, Platt M, Prasad K, Pyle M, Qiu H, Rau W, Redl P, Reisetter A, Resch RW, Ricci Y, Ruschman M, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Schmitt RL, Schneck K, Schnee RW, Scorza S, Seitz DN, Serfass B, Shank B, Speller D, Tomada A, Upadhyayula S, Villano AN, Welliver B, Wright DH, Yellin S, Yen JJ, Young BA, Zhang J. Search for low-mass weakly interacting massive particles with SuperCDMS. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:241302. [PMID: 24996080 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.241302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report a first search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) using the background rejection capabilities of SuperCDMS. An exposure of 577 kg days was analyzed for WIMPs with mass <30 GeV/c(2), with the signal region blinded. Eleven events were observed after unblinding. We set an upper limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section of 1.2×10(-42) cm(2) at 8 GeV/c(2). This result is in tension with WIMP interpretations of recent experiments and probes new parameter space for WIMP-nucleon scattering for WIMP masses <6 GeV/c(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Agnese
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - A J Anderson
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Asai
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D Balakishiyeva
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - R Basu Thakur
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA and Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D A Bauer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Beaty
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - J Billard
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Borgland
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M A Bowles
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - D Brandt
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - P L Brink
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R Bunker
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - B Cabrera
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D O Caldwell
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - D G Cerdeno
- Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - H Chagani
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - M Cherry
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J Cooley
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - B Cornell
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, & Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - C H Crewdson
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7 L 3N6, Canada
| | - P Cushman
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M Daal
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D DeVaney
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - P C F Di Stefano
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7 L 3N6, Canada
| | - E Do Couto E Silva
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T Doughty
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L Esteban
- Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Fallows
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - E Figueroa-Feliciano
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G L Godfrey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S R Golwala
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, & Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Hall
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - S Hansen
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - H R Harris
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - S A Hertel
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B A Hines
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado 80217, USA
| | - T Hofer
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - D Holmgren
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - L Hsu
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M E Huber
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado 80217, USA
| | - A Jastram
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - O Kamaev
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7 L 3N6, Canada
| | - B Kara
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - M H Kelsey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Kenany
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Kennedy
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M Kiveni
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - K Koch
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - A Leder
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Loer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - E Lopez Asamar
- Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Mahapatra
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - V Mandic
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - C Martinez
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7 L 3N6, Canada
| | - K A McCarthy
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Mirabolfathi
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R A Moffatt
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - R H Nelson
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, & Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - L Novak
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - K Page
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7 L 3N6, Canada
| | - R Partridge
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Pepin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - A Phipps
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Platt
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - K Prasad
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - M Pyle
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - W Rau
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7 L 3N6, Canada
| | - P Redl
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - A Reisetter
- Department of Physics, University of Evansville, Evansville, Indiana 47722, USA
| | - R W Resch
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Y Ricci
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7 L 3N6, Canada
| | - M Ruschman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - T Saab
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - B Sadoulet
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sander
- Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - R L Schmitt
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - K Schneck
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R W Schnee
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - S Scorza
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - D N Seitz
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B Serfass
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B Shank
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D Speller
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Tomada
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Upadhyayula
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - A N Villano
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - B Welliver
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - D H Wright
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Yellin
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - J J Yen
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - B A Young
- Department of Physics, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - J Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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9
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Agnese R, Anderson AJ, Asai M, Balakishiyeva D, Basu Thakur R, Bauer DA, Billard J, Borgland A, Bowles MA, Brandt D, Brink PL, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Caldwell DO, Cerdeno DG, Chagani H, Cooley J, Cornell B, Crewdson CH, Cushman P, Daal M, Di Stefano PCF, Doughty T, Esteban L, Fallows S, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Godfrey GL, Golwala SR, Hall J, Harris HR, Hertel SA, Hofer T, Holmgren D, Hsu L, Huber ME, Jastram A, Kamaev O, Kara B, Kelsey MH, Kennedy A, Kiveni M, Koch K, Loer B, Lopez Asamar E, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, Martinez C, McCarthy KA, Mirabolfathi N, Moffatt RA, Moore DC, Nadeau P, Nelson RH, Page K, Partridge R, Pepin M, Phipps A, Prasad K, Pyle M, Qiu H, Rau W, Redl P, Reisetter A, Ricci Y, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Schneck K, Schnee RW, Scorza S, Serfass B, Shank B, Speller D, Villano AN, Welliver B, Wright DH, Yellin S, Yen JJ, Young BA, Zhang J. Search for low-mass weakly interacting massive particles using voltage-assisted calorimetric ionization detection in the SuperCDMS experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:041302. [PMID: 24580434 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.041302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
SuperCDMS is an experiment designed to directly detect weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), a favored candidate for dark matter ubiquitous in the Universe. In this Letter, we present WIMP-search results using a calorimetric technique we call CDMSlite, which relies on voltage-assisted Luke-Neganov amplification of the ionization energy deposited by particle interactions. The data were collected with a single 0.6 kg germanium detector running for ten live days at the Soudan Underground Laboratory. A low energy threshold of 170 eVee (electron equivalent) was obtained, which allows us to constrain new WIMP-nucleon spin-independent parameter space for WIMP masses below 6 GeV/c2.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Agnese
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - A J Anderson
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Asai
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D Balakishiyeva
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - R Basu Thakur
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA and Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D A Bauer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Billard
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Borgland
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M A Bowles
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - D Brandt
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - P L Brink
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R Bunker
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - B Cabrera
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D O Caldwell
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - D G Cerdeno
- Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - H Chagani
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - J Cooley
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - B Cornell
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - C H Crewdson
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - P Cushman
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M Daal
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P C F Di Stefano
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - T Doughty
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L Esteban
- Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Fallows
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - E Figueroa-Feliciano
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G L Godfrey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S R Golwala
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Hall
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - H R Harris
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - S A Hertel
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Hofer
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - D Holmgren
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - L Hsu
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M E Huber
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado 80217, USA
| | - A Jastram
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - O Kamaev
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - B Kara
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - M H Kelsey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Kennedy
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M Kiveni
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - K Koch
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - B Loer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - E Lopez Asamar
- Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Mahapatra
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - V Mandic
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - C Martinez
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - K A McCarthy
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Mirabolfathi
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R A Moffatt
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D C Moore
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - P Nadeau
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - R H Nelson
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - K Page
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - R Partridge
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Pepin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - A Phipps
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Prasad
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - M Pyle
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - W Rau
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - P Redl
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - A Reisetter
- Department of Physics, University of Evansville, Evansville, Indiana 47722, USA
| | - Y Ricci
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - T Saab
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - B Sadoulet
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sander
- Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA
| | - K Schneck
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R W Schnee
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - S Scorza
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - B Serfass
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B Shank
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D Speller
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A N Villano
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - B Welliver
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - D H Wright
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Yellin
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - J J Yen
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - B A Young
- Department of Physics, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - J Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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10
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Agnese R, Ahmed Z, Anderson AJ, Arrenberg S, Balakishiyeva D, Basu Thakur R, Bauer DA, Billard J, Borgland A, Brandt D, Brink PL, Bruch T, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Caldwell DO, Cerdeno DG, Chagani H, Cooley J, Cornell B, Crewdson CH, Cushman P, Daal M, Dejongh F, do Couto e Silva E, Doughty T, Esteban L, Fallows S, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Filippini J, Fox J, Fritts M, Godfrey GL, Golwala SR, Hall J, Harris RH, Hertel SA, Hofer T, Holmgren D, Hsu L, Huber ME, Jastram A, Kamaev O, Kara B, Kelsey MH, Kennedy A, Kim P, Kiveni M, Koch K, Kos M, Leman SW, Loer B, Lopez Asamar E, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, Martinez C, McCarthy KA, Mirabolfathi N, Moffatt RA, Moore DC, Nadeau P, Nelson RH, Page K, Partridge R, Pepin M, Phipps A, Prasad K, Pyle M, Qiu H, Rau W, Redl P, Reisetter A, Ricci Y, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Schneck K, Schnee RW, Scorza S, Serfass B, Shank B, Speller D, Sundqvist KM, Villano AN, Welliver B, Wright DH, Yellin S, Yen JJ, Yoo J, Young BA, Zhang J. Silicon detector dark matter results from the final exposure of CDMS II. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:251301. [PMID: 24483735 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.251301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report results of a search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPS) with the silicon detectors of the CDMS II experiment. This blind analysis of 140.2 kg day of data taken between July 2007 and September 2008 revealed three WIMP-candidate events with a surface-event background estimate of 0.41(-0.08)(+0.20)(stat)(-0.24)(+0.28)(syst). Other known backgrounds from neutrons and 206Pb are limited to <0.13 and <0.08 events at the 90% confidence level, respectively. The exposure of this analysis is equivalent to 23.4 kg day for a recoil energy range of 7-100 keV for a WIMP of mass 10 GeV/c2. The probability that the known backgrounds would produce three or more events in the signal region is 5.4%. A profile likelihood ratio test of the three events that includes the measured recoil energies gives a 0.19% probability for the known-background-only hypothesis when tested against the alternative WIMP+background hypothesis. The highest likelihood occurs for a WIMP mass of 8.6 GeV/c2 and WIMP-nucleon cross section of 1.9×10(-41) cm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Agnese
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Z Ahmed
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - A J Anderson
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Arrenberg
- Physics Institute, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - D Balakishiyeva
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - R Basu Thakur
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - D A Bauer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Billard
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Borgland
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D Brandt
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - P L Brink
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T Bruch
- Physics Institute, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - R Bunker
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - B Cabrera
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D O Caldwell
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - D G Cerdeno
- Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - H Chagani
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - J Cooley
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - B Cornell
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - C H Crewdson
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - P Cushman
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M Daal
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - F Dejongh
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - E do Couto e Silva
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T Doughty
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L Esteban
- Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Fallows
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - E Figueroa-Feliciano
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Filippini
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Fox
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - M Fritts
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - G L Godfrey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S R Golwala
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Hall
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - R H Harris
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - S A Hertel
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T Hofer
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - D Holmgren
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - L Hsu
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M E Huber
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado 80217, USA
| | - A Jastram
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - O Kamaev
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - B Kara
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - M H Kelsey
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Kennedy
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - P Kim
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Kiveni
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - K Koch
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M Kos
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - S W Leman
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Loer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - E Lopez Asamar
- Departamento de Física Teórica and Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Mahapatra
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - V Mandic
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - C Martinez
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - K A McCarthy
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Mirabolfathi
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R A Moffatt
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D C Moore
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - P Nadeau
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - R H Nelson
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - K Page
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - R Partridge
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Pepin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - A Phipps
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Prasad
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - M Pyle
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - W Rau
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - P Redl
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - A Reisetter
- Department of Physics, University of Evansville, Evansville, Indiana 47722, USA
| | - Y Ricci
- Department of Physics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - T Saab
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - B Sadoulet
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Sander
- Department of Physics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - K Schneck
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R W Schnee
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - S Scorza
- Department of Physics, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - B Serfass
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B Shank
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D Speller
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K M Sundqvist
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A N Villano
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - B Welliver
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - D H Wright
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory/Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Yellin
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - J J Yen
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - J Yoo
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - B A Young
- Department of Physics, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California 95053, USA
| | - J Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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11
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Ahmed Z, Akerib DS, Arrenberg S, Bailey CN, Balakishiyeva D, Baudis L, Bauer DA, Brink PL, Bruch T, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Caldwell DO, Cooley J, do Couto e Silva E, Cushman P, Daal M, DeJongh F, Di Stefano P, Dragowsky MR, Duong L, Fallows S, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Filippini J, Fox J, Fritts M, Golwala SR, Hall J, Hennings-Yeomans R, Hertel SA, Holmgren D, Hsu L, Huber ME, Kamaev O, Kiveni M, Kos M, Leman SW, Liu S, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, McCarthy KA, Mirabolfathi N, Moore D, Nelson H, Ogburn RW, Phipps A, Pyle M, Qiu X, Ramberg E, Rau W, Reisetter A, Resch R, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Schnee RW, Seitz DN, Serfass B, Sundqvist KM, Tarka M, Wikus P, Yellin S, Yoo J, Young BA, Zhang J. Results from a low-energy analysis of the CDMS II germanium data. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:131302. [PMID: 21517371 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.131302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report results from a reanalysis of data from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS II) experiment at the Soudan Underground Laboratory. Data taken between October 2006 and September 2008 using eight germanium detectors are reanalyzed with a lowered, 2 keV recoil-energy threshold, to give increased sensitivity to interactions from weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with masses below ∼10 GeV/c(2). This analysis provides stronger constraints than previous CDMS II results for WIMP masses below 9 GeV/c(2) and excludes parameter space associated with possible low-mass WIMP signals from the DAMA/LIBRA and CoGeNT experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ahmed
- Division of Physics, Mathematics & Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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12
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Akerib DS, Attisha MJ, Bailey CN, Baudis L, Bauer DA, Brink PL, Brusov PP, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Caldwell DO, Chang CL, Cooley J, Crisler MB, Cushman P, Daal M, Dixon R, Dragowsky MR, Driscoll DD, Duong L, Ferril R, Filippini J, Gaitskell RJ, Golwala SR, Grant DR, Hennings-Yeomans R, Holmgren D, Huber ME, Kamat S, Leclercq S, Lu A, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, Meunier P, Mirabolfathi N, Nelson H, Nelson R, Ogburn RW, Perera TA, Pyle M, Ramberg E, Rau W, Reisetter A, Ross RR, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Savage C, Schnee RW, Seitz DN, Serfass B, Sundqvist KM, Thompson JPF, Wang G, Yellin S, Yoo J, Young BA. Limits on spin-independent interactions of weakly interacting massive particles with nucleons from the two-tower run of the cryogenic dark matter search. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:011302. [PMID: 16486434 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.011302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We report new results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS II) at the Soudan Underground Laboratory. Two towers, each consisting of six detectors, were operated for 74.5 live days, giving spectrum-weighted exposures of 34 (12) kg d for the Ge (Si) targets after cuts, averaged over recoil energies 10-100 keV for a weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) mass of 60 GeV/c2. A blind analysis was conducted, incorporating improved techniques for rejecting surface events. No WIMP signal exceeding expected backgrounds was observed. When combined with our previous results from Soudan, the 90% C.L. upper limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section is 1.6 x 10(-43) cm2 from Ge and 3 x 10(-42) cm2 from Si, for a WIMP mass of 60 GeV/c2. The combined limit from Ge (Si) is a factor of 2.5 (10) lower than our previous results and constrains predictions of supersymmetric models.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Akerib
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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