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Iovane A, Terrasi M, Iovane EM, Mantia C, Messina G, Mantia F. Intramuscular migration of calcium deposits into the deltoid muscle: two cases of a rare complication of rotator cuff calcific tendinopathy. J Ultrasound 2023; 26:929-933. [PMID: 37222926 PMCID: PMC10632343 DOI: 10.1007/s40477-023-00786-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotator cuff calcific tendinopathy is a common non-traumatic shoulder pain condition that occurs predominantly in the supraspinatus tendon. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous irrigation of calcific tendinopathy (US-PICT) is a valid treatment in the resorptive phase. A complication of calcific tendinopathy is migration of calcium deposits outside the tendon. The most common site of migration is the subacromialsubdeltoid bursa (SASD). Another, but not frequent, type of migration is the intramuscular migration which mostly affects the supraspinatus, the infraspinatus and the biceps brachii muscles. This paper reports two cases of migration of calcification from the supraspinatus tendon to the deltoid muscle. The aforementioned site of migration has so far never been described in literature. Both patients presented calcification in the resorptive phase and therefore were treated by US-PICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Iovane
- Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - M Terrasi
- Centro Medico Mantia, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - C Mantia
- Centro Medico Mantia, Palermo, Italy
| | - G Messina
- Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Posturalab Research Institute, Palermo, Italy
| | - F Mantia
- Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
- Centro Medico Mantia, Palermo, Italy.
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Cerolini S, Zagaria A, Vacca M, Terrasi M, Bacaro V, Ballesio A, Baglioni C, Spinhoven P, Lombardo C. The role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in explaining insomnia symptoms in adolescence and early adulthood. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Terrasi M, Bazan V, Caruso S, Insalaco L, Amodeo V, Fanale D, Corsini LR, Contaldo C, Mercanti A, Fiorio E, Lo Re G, Cicero G, Surmacz E, Russo A. Effects of PPARγ agonists on the expression of leptin and vascular endothelial growth factor in breast cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:1368-74. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Insalaco L, Di Gaudio F, Terrasi M, Amodeo V, Caruso S, Corsini LR, Fanale D, Margarese N, Santini D, Bazan V, Russo A. Analysis of molecular mechanisms and anti-tumoural effects of zoledronic acid in breast cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2013; 16:2186-95. [PMID: 22260151 PMCID: PMC3822988 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2012.01527.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zoledronic acid (ZOL) is the most potent nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate (N-BPs) that strongly binds to bone mineral and acts as a powerful inhibitor of bone resorption, already clinically available for the treatment of patients with osteolytic metastases. Recent data also suggest that ZOL, used in breast cancer, may provide more than just supportive care modifying the course of the disease, though the possible molecular mechanism of action is still unclear.As breast cancer is one of the primary tumours with high propensity to metastasize to the bone, we investigated, for the first time, differential gene expression profile on Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells treated with low doses of ZOL (10 μM). Microarrays analysis was used to identify, describe and summarize evidence regarding the molecular basis of actions of ZOL and of their possible direct anti-tumour effects. We validated gene expression results of specific transcripts involved in major cellular process by Real Time and Western Blot analysis and we observed inhibition of proliferation and migration through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Matrigel assay. We then focused on changes in the cytoskeletal components as fibronectin 1 (FN1), actin, and anti angiogenic compounds as transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and thrombospondin 1 (THBS1). The up-regulation of these products may have an important role in inhibiting proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis mediated by ZOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Insalaco
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical and Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Corsini LR, Bronte G, Terrasi M, Amodeo V, Fanale D, Fiorentino E, Cicero G, Bazan V, Russo A. The role of microRNAs in cancer: diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and targets of therapies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2012; 16 Suppl 2:S103-9. [PMID: 22443195 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2011.650632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION miRNAs are noncoding RNAs that target specific mRNA with subsequent regulation of particular genes, implicated in various biological processes. In cancer, miRNAs could show a different expression from normal tissues. miRNAs have a role as oncogenes when they target tumor suppressor genes and similarly they are tumor suppressors when they target oncogenes. AREAS COVERED In this review, areas covered include the role of miRNAs in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and research for achievement of therapeutic strategies implicating miRNAs in oncology. As biogenesis of miRNAs is fundamental to understand their usefulness, this has also been discussed. Both miRNA expression profiles in cancer tissues and miRNA levels in peripheral blood were studied for improvement in the management of cancer patients. EXPERT OPINION miRNAs have the potential for better understanding of tumor biology, but could also provide clinical advancement in management and therapy of various malignancies. The possibility of miRNA detection in peripheral blood would allow an eager expansion of their application in various clinical settings for cancer. The applicability of miRNA expression profiles still needs to be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Rita Corsini
- University of Palermo, Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Palermo, Italy
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Bronte G, Terrasi M, Rizzo S, Sivestris N, Ficorella C, Cajozzo M, Di Gaudio F, Gulotta G, Siragusa S, Gebbia N, Russo A. EGFR genomic alterations in cancer: prognostic and predictive values. Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 2011; 3:879-87. [PMID: 21622099 DOI: 10.2741/e296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The role of EGFR in cancer development and progression has been recognized for long time in a variety of human malignancies including lung, head and neck, colon, breast, ovary and glioma. Recently its role as a target of antineoplastic agents has also been identified and a variety of EGFR-targeted drugs is already being used in a clinical setting and others are at present under investigation. Many data involving EGFR protein expression are now available for the choice of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies in colorectal cancer and with regard to EGFR gene mutations for the choice of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in lung cancer. Other EGFR-related molecular factors, including the EGFR gene copy number, are currently under investigation. This review summarizes both preclinical and clinical available data regarding EGFR genomic alterations as prognostic and predictive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Bronte
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Amodeo V, Insalaco L, Terrasi M, Fanale D, Margarese N, La Paglia L, Corsini L, Napoli L, Damiani G, Castiglia M, Di Piazza F, Miraglia M, Bazan V, Russo A. 33 EFFECT OF miR-21, miR-182 AND let-7i ON TSP-1 EXPRESSION IN COLON CANCER CELL LINE. Cancer Treat Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0305-7372(10)70059-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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La Paglia L, Badalamenti G, Amodeo V, Bruno L, Calò V, Corsini L, D'Andrea A, Fanale D, Insalaco L, Margarese N, Terrasi M, Napoli L, Damiani G, Di Piazza F, Miraglia M, Bazan V, Russo A. 6 C-KIT MUTATIONS IN GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS. Cancer Treat Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0305-7372(10)70032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Insalaco L, Amodeo V, Terrasi M, Corsini L, La Paglia L, Fanale D, Margarese N, D'Andrea A, Damiani G, Napoli L, Castiglia M, Di Piazza F, Miraglia M, Bazan V, Russo A. 42 ANALYSIS OF MOLECULAR MECHANISMS AND ANTI-TUMORAL EFFECTS OF ZOLEDRONIC ACID IN BREAST CANCER CELLS. Cancer Treat Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0305-7372(10)70068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Fanale D, Corsini L, Terrasi M, Amodeo V, La Paglia L, Margarese N, Insalaco L, Napoli L, Damiani G, Castiglia M, Di Piazza F, Miraglia M, Bazan V, Russo A. 39 EXPRESSION ANALYSIS OF AURKA UNDER HYPOXIA IN BREAST CANCER CELL LINES. Cancer Treat Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0305-7372(10)70065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Perez M, Margarese N, Calò V, Bruno L, La Paglia L, Cimino S, Corsini L, Terrasi M, Fanale D, Amodeo V, Insalaco L, Napoli L, Di Gaudio F, Di Piazza F, Miraglia M, Bazan V, Russo A. 79 VUS VARIANTS IN BRCA GENES OF HEREDITARY BREAST/OVARIAN CANCER. Cancer Treat Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0305-7372(10)70105-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Terrasi M, Fiorio E, Mercanti A, Koda M, Moncada CA, Sulkowski S, Merali S, Russo A, Surmacz E. Functional analysis of the -2548G/A leptin gene polymorphism in breast cancer cells. Int J Cancer 2009; 125:1038-44. [PMID: 19408304 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Leptin is overexpressed in human breast tumors and is produced by breast cancer cells in response to obesity-related stimuli. The leptin promoter polymorphism Lep-2548G/A can be associated with increased leptin secretion by adipocytes and elevated cancer risk. However, molecular mechanisms underlying the link between Lep-2548G/A and breast cancer have never been addressed. Lep-2548G/A is proximal to a binding site for the transcriptional factor Sp1. Furthermore nucleolin, a transcriptional repressor, can bind Sp1 or its consensus site. Consequently, we focused on the impact of Lep-2548G/A on Sp1- and nucleolin-dependent leptin transcription in breast cancer cells. The Lep-2548G/A was identified in a homozygous conformation in BT-474 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells, in a heterozygous conformation in MDA-MB-231 cells, and a wild-type Lep-2548G/G sequence was present in MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 cells. The occurrence of Lep-2548A/A and Lep-2548G/A coincided with high and intermediate leptin mRNA expression, respectively, while cells containing Lep-2548G/G expressed low leptin mRNA levels. We demonstrated that the existence of Lep-2548G/A improved efficient recruitment of Sp1 to DNA under insulin treatment, while Sp1 loading on DNA containing Lep-2548G/G was not insulin-dependent. In contrast, nucleolin binding to Lep-2548G/A was downregulated in response to insulin, while it was not regulated on Lep-2548G/G. The presence of Lep-2548G/A was studied in breast cancer epithelial cells by IHC and LCM. Interestingly, all 14 tumors expressing high leptin levels contained Lep-2548A/A. In conclusion, the occurrence of Lep-2548G/A can enhance leptin expression in breast cancer cells via Sp1- and nucleolin-dependent mechanisms and possibly contribute to intratumoral leptin overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Terrasi
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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Riolfi M, Ferla R, Del Valle L, Piña-Oviedo S, Scolaro L, Micciolo R, Guidi M, Terrasi M, Cetto GL, Surmacz E. Leptin and its receptor are overexpressed in brain tumors and correlate with the degree of malignancy. Brain Pathol 2009; 20:481-9. [PMID: 19775291 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2009.00323.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although leptin and its receptor (ObR) have emerged as important cancer biomarkers, the role of the leptin system in brain tumor development remains unknown. We screened 87 human brain tumor biopsies using immunohistochemistry and detected leptin and ObR in 55.2% and 60.9% cases, respectively. In contrast, leptin and ObR were absent in 14 samples of normal brain tissue. The presence of leptin correlated with ObR with overall concordance 80.5%. The leptin/ObR system was highly expressed in glioblastomas and anaplastic astrocytomas, while lower expression of both markers was noted in low-grade astrocytomas and gangliogliomas. The association between leptin/ObR and the degree of tumor malignancy was highly significant (P < 0.001). Using double immunofluorescence of glioblastoma tissues, we found co-expression of leptin with ObR and with the proliferation marker Ki-67 in 87% and 64% of cells, respectively. The leptin/ObR-positive tissues also expressed activated forms of STAT3 and Akt. In line with this finding, ObR-positive glioblastoma cells responded to leptin with cell growth and induction of the STAT3 and Akt pathways as well as inactivation of the cell cycle suppressor Rb. In summary, our data demonstrate that the leptin/ObR system is expressed in malignant brain tumors and might be involved in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Riolfi
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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14
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Fiorio E, Mercanti A, Terrasi M, Micciolo R, Remo A, Auriemma A, Molino A, Parolin V, Di Stefano B, Bonetti F, Giordano A, Cetto GL, Surmacz E. Leptin/HER2 crosstalk in breast cancer: in vitro study and preliminary in vivo analysis. BMC Cancer 2008; 8:305. [PMID: 18945363 PMCID: PMC2588622 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-8-305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity in postmenopausal women is associated with increased breast cancer risk, development of more aggressive tumors and resistance to certain anti-breast cancer treatments. Some of these effects might be mediated by obesity hormone leptin, acting independently or modulating other signaling pathways. Here we focused on the link between leptin and HER2. We tested if HER2 and the leptin receptor (ObR) can be coexpressed in breast cancer cell models, whether these two receptors can physically interact, and whether leptin can transactivate HER2. Next, we studied if leptin/ObR can coexist with HER2 in breast cancer tissues, and if presence of these two systems correlates with specific clinicopathological features. Methods Expression of ObR, HER2, phospo-HER2 was assessed by immonoblotting. Physical interactions between ObR and HER2 were probed by immunoprecipitation and fluorescent immunostaining. Expression of leptin and ObR in breast cancer tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Associations among markers studied by IHC were evaluated using Fisher's exact test for count data. Results HER2 and ObR were coexpressed in all studied breast cancer cell lines. In MCF-7 cells, HER2 physically interacted with ObR and leptin treatment increased HER2 phosphorylation on Tyr 1248. In 59 breast cancers, the presence of leptin was correlated with ObR (the overall association was about 93%). This result was confirmed both in HER2-positive and in HER2-negative subgroups. The expression of leptin or ObR was numerically more frequent in larger (> 10 mm) tumors. Conclusion Coexpression of HER2 and the leptin/ObR system might contribute to enhanced HER2 activity and reduced sensitivity to anti-HER2 treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fiorio
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA.
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Otvos L, Terrasi M, Cascio S, Cassone M, Abbadessa G, De Pascali F, Scolaro L, Knappe D, Stawikowski M, Cudic P, Wade JD, Hoffmann R, Surmacz E. Development of a pharmacologically improved peptide agonist of the leptin receptor. Biochim Biophys Acta 2008; 1783:1745-54. [PMID: 18555805 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2008.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2007] [Revised: 05/06/2008] [Accepted: 05/07/2008] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Leptin, a hormone produced by adipose tissue, regulates energy balance in the hypothalamus and is involved in fertility, immune response and carcinogenesis. The existence of disorders related to leptin deficit and leptin overabundance calls for the development of drugs activating or inhibiting the leptin receptor (ObR). We synthesized four proposed receptor-binding leptin fragments (sites I, IIa and IIb, III), their reportedly antagonist analogs, and a peptide chimera composed of the two discontinuous site II arms. To assess the pharmacological utility of leptin fragments, we studied the peptides' ability to stimulate the growth of ObR-positive and ObR-negative cells. The combined site II construct and site III derivatives selectively reversed leptin-induced growth of ObR-positive cells at mid-nanomolar concentrations. However, these peptides appeared to be partial agonists/antagonists as they activated cell growth in the absence of exogenous leptin. A designer site III analog, featuring non-natural amino acids at terminal positions to decrease proteolysis and a blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration-enhancing carbohydrate moiety, proved to be full agonist to ObR, i.e., stimulated proliferation of different ObR-positive but not ObR-negative cells in the presence or absence of leptin. This glycopeptide bound to isolated ObR on solid-phase assays and activated ERK-1/2 signaling in ObR-positive MCF-7 cells at 100-500 nM concentrations. The glycopeptide was stable in mouse serum, readily crossed endothelial/astrocyte cell layers in a cellular BBB model, and was distributed into the brain of Balb/c mice after intraperitoneal administration. These characteristics suggest a potential pharmaceutical utility of the designer site III glycopeptide in leptin-deficient diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Otvos
- Temple University, Sbarro Institute of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, 1900 North 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
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Bazan V, Bruno L, Augello C, Agnese V, Calò V, Corsale S, Gargano G, Terrasi M, Schirò V, Di Fede G, Adamo V, Intrivici C, Crosta A, Rinaldi G, Latteri F, Dardanoni G, Grassi N, Valerio MR, Colucci G, Macaluso M, Russo A. Molecular detection of TP53, Ki-Ras and p16INK4A promoter methylation in plasma of patients with colorectal cancer and its association with prognosis. Results of a 3-year GOIM (Gruppo Oncologico dell'Italia Meridionale) prospective study. Ann Oncol 2008; 17 Suppl 7:vii84-90. [PMID: 16760301 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdl958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the improvement in detection and surgical therapy in the last years, the outcome of patients affected by colorectal carcinoma (CRC) remains limited by metastatic relapse. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of free tumor DNA in the plasma of CRC patients in order to understand its possible prognostic role. PATIENTS AND METHODS Ki-Ras, TP53 mutations and p16(INK4A) methylation status were prospectively evaluated in tumor tissues and plasma of 66 CRC patients. RESULTS In 50 of the 66 primitive tumor cases (76%) at least one significant alteration was identified in Ki-Ras and/or TP53 and/or p16(INK4A) genes. Eighteen of the 50 patients presented the same alteration both in the plasma and in the tumor tissue. At univariate analysis, Ki-Ras mutations proved to be significantly related to quicker relapse (P <0.01), whereas only a trend towards statistical significance (P = 0.083) was observed for the TP53 mutations CONCLUSIONS Detection of Ki-Ras and TP53 mutation in plasma should be significantly related to disease recurrence. These data suggest that patients with a high risk of recurrence can be identified by means of the analysis of tumor-derived plasma DNA with the use of fairly non-invasive techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bazan
- Section of Medical Oncology and Section of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgical and Oncology, Università di Palermo, Italy
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Abstract
Apoptosis is a form of cell death that permits the removal of damaged, senescent or unwanted cells in multicellular organisms, without damage to the cellular microenvironment. Defective apoptosis represents a major causative factor in the development and progression of cancer. The majority of chemotherapeutic agents, as well as radiation, utilize the apoptotic pathway to induce cancer cell death. Resistance to standard chemotherapeutic strategies also seems to be due to alterations in the apoptotic pathway of cancer cells. Recent knowledge on apoptosis has provided the basis for novel targeted therapies that exploit apoptosis to treat cancer. These new target include those acting in the extrinsic/intrinsic pathway, proteins that control the apoptosis machinery such as the p53 and proteosome pathway. Most of these forms of therapy are still in preclinical development because of their low specifity and susceptibility to drug resistance, but several of them have shown promising results. In particular, this review specifically aims at providing an update of certain molecular players that are already in use in order to target apoptosis (such as bortezomib) or which are still being clinically evaluated (such ONYX-015, survivin and exisulind/aptosyn) or which, following preclinical studies, might have the necessary requirements for becoming part of the anticancer drug programs (such as TRAIL/Apo2L, apoptin/VP3).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Russo
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical and Oncology, Università di Palermo, Italy.
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Augello C, Bruno L, Bazan V, Calò V, Agnese V, Corsale S, Cascio S, Gargano G, Terrasi M, Barbera F, Fricano S, Adamo B, Valerio MR, Colucci G, Sumarcz E, Russo A. Y179C, F486L and N550H are BRCA1 variants that may be associated with breast cancer in a Sicilian family: results of a 5-year GOIM (Gruppo Oncologico dell'Italia Meridionale) prospective study. Ann Oncol 2008; 17 Suppl 7:vii30-3. [PMID: 16760288 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdl946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 600 different pathogenic mutations have been identified in the BRCA1 gene. Nevertheless, numerous missense mutations of unknown biological function still exist. Understanding of biological significance of these mutations should help in genetic counselling to carriers and their families. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 104 patients with breast and/or ovarian cancer whose genetic counselling answered the criteria of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO 2003), were prospectively screened for mutations in all coding exons of the BRCA1 gene by automatic direct sequencing. RESULTS During these mutational screening procedures one case presented three mutations classified in the Breast Cancer Information Core Database as unknown variants. These were 655A/G found in exon 8 of BRCA1, 1575T/C and 1767A/C found in exon 11 of the same gene. The identification of the three unknown variants in the proband (16SIRIO) and in her mother and sister indicates that such alterations exist in cis. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the charge and stechiometry variations determined by the changes in the amino acids Y179C, F486L and N550H might produce an effect on the conformation of the protein and, consequently, on its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Augello
- Section of Medical Oncology and Section of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgical and Oncology, Università di Palermo, Italy
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Fiorio E, Auriemma A, Mercanti A, Remo A, Terrasi M, Molino A, Bonetti M, Cetto G, Surmacz E. 532 POSTER Relationships between HER2 and the leptin (Ob/ObR) system in breast cancer. EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(07)70471-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Terrasi M, Fiorio E, Russo A, Surmacz E. 2015 POSTER Functional analysis of the –2548G/ A leptin gene polymorphism in breast cancer cells. EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(07)70777-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Agnese V, Cabibi D, Calcara D, Terrasi M, Pantuso G, Fiorentino E, Intrivici C, Colucci G, Aragona F, Gebbia N, Bazan V, Russo A. Aurora-A overexpression as an early marker of reflux-related columnar mucosa and Barrett’s oesophagus. Ann Oncol 2007; 18 Suppl 6:vi110-5. [PMID: 17591802 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdm237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma is generally closely associated with the presence of a specialised intestinal-type epithelium such as that found in Barrett's oesophagus (BO). A particular histological condition is when the distal oesophagus showing cardiac and/or fundic mucosa without intestinal metaplasia cannot be defined as 'Barrett's mucosa' [condition that we call 'columnar-lined oesophagus' (CLO)] and up till now, there has been no agreement in literature about the management of this condition. Aurora-A overexpression leads to centrosome amplification, chromosomal instability and aneuploidy in mammalian cells. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective study was carried out on 28 consecutive patients who presented columnar mucosa above the gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ) at endoscopy. As controls, two more biopsies were obtained, one on the normal-appearing squamous oesophagus above the GOJ, as far as possible from the columnar mucosa (controls A), and one taken 1 cm below the GOJ (controls B). The Aurora-A and p53 expression levels were analysed respectively by Quantitative Real Time PCR and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Twelve patients were affected by BO (43%) while the other 16 patients (57%) had a CLO. Nine of 28 (32%) cases were focally positive for p53 immunostaining. All the BO/CLO samples were positive for the Aurora-A transcript with regard to controls. Furthermore, 13 of 28 (46%) cases showed overexpression (above the median for the whole group). CONCLUSION Due to the low number of cases, we are not at present able to state that statistically significant quantitative differences in Aurora-A messenger RNA expression exist between CLO and BO cases with and without dysplasia and p53-positive immunostaining. Further studies on a larger number of cases with a follow-up period are necessary in order to establish the risk of progression and the correct management of these subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Agnese
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgery and Oncology, Università di Palermo, Italy
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