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Hanada M, Kadota H, Fujiwara T, Setsu N, Endo M, Matsumoto Y, Nakashima Y. Immediate sciatic nerve reconstruction using an ipsilateral common peroneal nerve graft at the time of sarcoma resection. Microsurgery 2024; 44:e31034. [PMID: 36914614 DOI: 10.1002/micr.31034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concomitant resection of the sciatic nerve along with a malignant tumor is no longer a contraindication for limb-sparing surgery, as most of these patients remain ambulatory. However, sciatic nerve reconstruction after sarcoma resection is not commonly performed. Restoration of nerve function can improve patient quality of life. We describe our experience with four patients who underwent sciatic nerve reconstruction using an ipsilateral common peroneal nerve graft at the time of sarcoma resection. METHODS Because of the low chance of peroneal nerve recovery, the ipsilateral peroneal trunk was used as a graft to reconstruct the tibial trunk of the sciatic nerve. Two patients were men and two were women. Mean age was 45.3 years (range, 15-62). Mean sciatic nerve defect length was 9.4 cm (range, 8.5-12.0). Proximal thigh defects (three patients) were reconstructed with a double cable; the one patient with a distal thigh defect underwent single cable reconstruction. Mean operation time was 492 min (range, 428-682). RESULTS Mean length of the harvested peroneal trunks was 21 cm (range, 11-26). Mean graft length was 11.9 cm (range, 11-13). Postoperative course was uneventful in all four patients. One patient died of sarcoma lung metastasis and could not be evaluated. Three patients were followed for more than 2 years. Two patients achieved British Medical Research Council grade 4 plantar flexion; the remaining patient achieved grade 5 plantar flexion and grade 4 toe flexion. Semmes-Weinstein monofilament sensory testing showed loss of protective sensation on the plantar surface in all three. Musculoskeletal Tumor Society scores at last follow-up were 60.0%, 70.0%, and 43.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Immediate sciatic nerve reconstruction using an ipsilateral common peroneal nerve graft avoids reconstruction delay and scar tissue formation, which is advantageous for nerve recovery. This technique may be considered when sciatic nerve resection is anticipated during sarcoma resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hanada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyushu Rosai Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - H Kadota
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Fujiwara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - N Setsu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Endo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y Nakashima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Matsunaga G, Shibama Y, Okano F, Yagyu J, Takechi M, Kizu K, Hamada K, Murakami H, Moriyama S, Hanada M, Tomarchio V, Di Pietro E, Mizumaki S, Sagawa K, Hayakawa A. Achievement of precise assembly of the JT-60SA superconducting tokamak. Fusion Engineering and Design 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Htun A, Sato T, Fukuma N, Hanada M. Effects of difructose anhydride III on serum immunoglobulin G concentration and health status of newborn Holstein calves during the preweaning period. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:3226-3232. [PMID: 29428752 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was performed to investigate the effects of increases in passively acquired immunoglobulin G (IgG) by difructose anhydride (DFA) III supplementation on subsequent serum IgG concentration and health status in calves during the preweaning period. Thirty newborn female Holstein calves were paired by birth order, and 2 calves in each pair were fed 2 L of the same batch of colostrum within 2 h and at 10 h after birth, and followed by 2 L of the same batch of pooled colostrum at 20 h after birth. One calf from each pair was assigned to the control (n = 15) or treatment (n = 15) group. All calves in the treatment group received 18 g of DFA III at each feeding from birth to 7 d of age, whereas calves in the control group did not receive DFA III. Blood samples were collected before feeding at 0, 10, 20, and 36 h, and 4 and 7 d of age, and sampling was repeated at 7-d intervals thereafter until 49 d of age for serum IgG analysis. Calves were monitored daily for diarrhea and respiratory diseases. Serum IgG concentrations peaked at 36 h of age in both groups. Apparent efficiency of IgG absorption and peak serum IgG concentration were higher in the treatment group than in the control group. Using multiple regression analysis, we showed that peak serum IgG concentration in the newborn calves was positively correlated with colostral IgG concentration and DFA III supplementation. Moreover, peak serum IgG concentration (36 h of age) positively influenced subsequent serum IgG concentration until 35 d of age for all calves in both groups. The treatment group had higher serum IgG concentration from 20 h to 21 d of age than the control group. However, we detected no differences between the groups in number of calves with diarrhea or respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Htun
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - T Sato
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - N Fukuma
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - M Hanada
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
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Toigo V, Piovan R, Dal Bello S, Gaio E, Luchetta A, Pasqualotto R, Zaccaria P, Bigi M, Chitarin G, Marcuzzi D, Pomaro N, Serianni G, Agostinetti P, Agostini M, Antoni V, Aprile D, Baltador C, Barbisan M, Battistella M, Boldrin M, Brombin M, Dalla Palma M, De Lorenzi A, Delogu R, De Muri M, Fellin F, Ferro A, Finotti C, Fiorentin A, Gambetta G, Gnesotto F, Grando L, Jain P, Maistrello A, Manduchi G, Marconato N, Moresco M, Ocello E, Pavei M, Peruzzo S, Pilan N, Pimazzoni A, Recchia M, Rizzolo A, Rostagni G, Sartori E, Siragusa M, Sonato P, Sottocornola A, Spada E, Spagnolo S, Spolaore M, Taliercio C, Valente M, Veltri P, Zamengo A, Zaniol B, Zanotto L, Zaupa M, Boilson D, Graceffa J, Svensson L, Schunke B, Decamps H, Urbani M, Kushwah M, Chareyre J, Singh M, Bonicelli T, Agarici G, Masiello A, Paolucci F, Simon M, Bailly-Maitre L, Bragulat E, Gomez G, Gutierrez D, Mico G, Moreno JF, Pilard V, Kashiwagi M, Hanada M, Tobari H, Watanabe K, Maeshima T, Kojima A, Umeda N, Yamanaka H, Chakraborty A, Baruah U, Rotti C, Patel H, Nagaraju M, Singh N, Patel A, Dhola H, Raval B, Fantz U, Heinemann B, Kraus W, Hanke S, Hauer V, Ochoa S, Blatchford P, Chuilon B, Xue Y, De Esch H, Hemsworth R, Croci G, Gorini G, Rebai M, Muraro A, Cavenago M, D'Arienzo M, Sandri S. A substantial step forward in the realization of the ITER HNB system: The ITER NBI Test Facility. Fusion Engineering and Design 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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Tomarchio V, Barabaschi P, Di Pietro E, Hanada M, Kamada Y, Sakasai A, Shirai H. Status of the JT-60SA project: An overview on fabrication, assembly and future exploitation. Fusion Engineering and Design 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
We herein report an unusual case of Brodie's abscess of the radius in a child. A 13-year-old boy presented with pain on his right distal forearm. A plain radiograph showed an 8 cm translucent lesion in the distal radius. MRI showed a penumbra sign on the T1-weighted image, hyperintensity on T2-weighted images, and ring enhancement on the contrast-enhanced T1 image. 18F-FDG PET/CT images showed an uptake at the margin of the radius. Curettage and iliac cancellous bone grafting were undertaken for Brodie's abscess. Bacteriological examinations were found to be negative, however, the pathologic diagnosis showed chronic osteomyelitis. Eight months after surgery, the patient was asymptomatic and there was no sign of recurrence of infection. For Brodie's abscess in a child, thorough debridement is mandatory in addition to cancellous bone grafting. Brodie's abscess should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient who presents with forearm pain and exhibit the radiolucent osteolytic lesion on simple radiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Takeuchi
- * Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Japan
| | | | - T Okada
- * Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Japan
| | - M Hanada
- * Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Japan.,† Departments of Plastic Surgery, Japan
| | - H Bekki
- * Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Japan.,‡ Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y Iwamoto
- * Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Japan
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Kawai M, Akino N, Ebisawa N, Grisham L, Hanada M, Honda A, Inoue T, Kazawa M, Kikuchi K, Kuriyama M, Kusanagi N, Mogaki K, Noto K, Ohga T, Ooshima K, Tanai Y, Umeda N, Usui K, Yamamoto T, Yamazaki H, Watanabe K. Progress of Negative Ion Source Improvement in N-NBI for JT-60U. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst03-a387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Kawai
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - N. Akino
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - N. Ebisawa
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - L. Grisham
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, 08543, U.S.A
| | - M. Hanada
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - A. Honda
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - T. Inoue
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - M. Kazawa
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - K. Kikuchi
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - M. Kuriyama
- Vienna Office, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Baumannstrasse 4-2-13, A1030, Wien, Austria 81-29-270-7453
| | - N. Kusanagi
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - K. Mogaki
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - K. Noto
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - T. Ohga
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - K. Ooshima
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - Y. Tanai
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - N. Umeda
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - K. Usui
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - T. Yamamoto
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - H. Yamazaki
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
| | - K. Watanabe
- Naka Fusion Research Establishment, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Mukouyama, Naka-machi, Ibaraki-ken, 311-0193, Japan
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Kozono N, Okada T, Takeuchi N, Hanada M, Shimoto T, Iwamoto Y. Asymmetric six-strand core sutures enhance tendon fatigue strength and the optimal asymmetry. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2016; 41:802-8. [PMID: 26896454 DOI: 10.1177/1753193416631454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Under cyclic loading, we recorded the fatigue strength of a six-strand tendon repair with different symmetry in the lengths of suture purchase in two stumps of 120 dental rolls and in 30 porcine tendons. First, the strengths of the repairs with 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mm asymmetry were screened using the dental rolls. The asymmetric core suture repairs were then made with a Kessler repair of equal suture purchase (10 mm) in two tendon stumps, and shifting two other Kessler repairs by 1, 3 or 5 mm, respectively, along the longitudinal axis of the tendon in relation to the first (symmetric) Kessler repair. The core repairs with 3 mm or more asymmetry in suture purchases in two tendon ends showed significantly greater fatigue strength and significantly smaller gaps compared with 1 mm asymmetry in core suture repair. Our results support that asymmetric placement of core sutures in two tendon ends favour resisting gapping at the repair site and 3 mm or more asymmetry is needed to produce such beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kozono
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Okada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - N Takeuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Hanada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan Department of Plastic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Shimoto
- Department of Information and System Engineering, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y Iwamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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9
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Htun A, Sato T, Hanada M. Effect of difructose anhydride III supplementation on passive immunoglobulin G transfer and serum immunoglobulin G concentration in newborn Holstein calves fed pooled colostrum. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:5701-5706. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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10
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Hanada M, Kojima A, Tobari H, Nishikiori R, Hiratsuka J, Kashiwagi M, Umeda N, Yoshida M, Ichikawa M, Watanabe K, Yamano Y, Grisham LR. Development of the negative ion beams relevant to ITER and JT-60SA at Japan Atomic Energy Agency. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:02B322. [PMID: 26932050 DOI: 10.1063/1.4934584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In order to realize negative ion sources and accelerators to be applicable to International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor and JT-60 Super Advanced, a large cesium (Cs)-seeded negative ion source and a multi-aperture and multi-stage electric acceleration have been developed at Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA). Long pulse production and acceleration of the negative ion beams have been independently carried out. The long pulse production of the high current beams has achieved 100 s at the beam current of 15 A by modifying the JT-60 negative ion source. The pulse duration time is increased three times longer than that before the modification. As for the acceleration, a pulse duration time has been also extended two orders of magnitudes from 0.4 s to 60 s. The developments of the negative ion source and acceleration at JAEA are well in progress towards the realization of the negative ion sources and accelerators for fusion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hanada
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka-shi, Ibaraki-ken 319-0913, Japan
| | - A Kojima
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka-shi, Ibaraki-ken 319-0913, Japan
| | - H Tobari
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka-shi, Ibaraki-ken 319-0913, Japan
| | - R Nishikiori
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka-shi, Ibaraki-ken 319-0913, Japan
| | - J Hiratsuka
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka-shi, Ibaraki-ken 319-0913, Japan
| | - M Kashiwagi
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka-shi, Ibaraki-ken 319-0913, Japan
| | - N Umeda
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka-shi, Ibaraki-ken 319-0913, Japan
| | - M Yoshida
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka-shi, Ibaraki-ken 319-0913, Japan
| | - M Ichikawa
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka-shi, Ibaraki-ken 319-0913, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka-shi, Ibaraki-ken 319-0913, Japan
| | - Y Yamano
- Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama-ken 338-8570, Japan
| | - L R Grisham
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
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Miyamoto K, Nishioka S, Goto I, Hatayama A, Hanada M, Kojima A, Hiratsuka J. Analysis of the beam halo in negative ion sources by using 3D3V PIC code. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:02B124. [PMID: 26932006 DOI: 10.1063/1.4932390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The physical mechanism of the formation of the negative ion beam halo and the heat loads of the multi-stage acceleration grids are investigated with the 3D PIC (particle in cell) simulation. The following physical mechanism of the beam halo formation is verified: The beam core and the halo consist of the negative ions extracted from the center and the periphery of the meniscus, respectively. This difference of negative ion extraction location results in a geometrical aberration. Furthermore, it is shown that the heat loads on the first acceleration grid and the second acceleration grid are quantitatively improved compared with those for the 2D PIC simulation result.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Miyamoto
- Naruto University of Education, 748 Nakashima, Takashima, Naruto-cho, Naruto-shi, Tokushima 772-8502, Japan
| | - S Nishioka
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - I Goto
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - A Hatayama
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - M Hanada
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka 319-0913, Japan
| | - A Kojima
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka 319-0913, Japan
| | - J Hiratsuka
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka 319-0913, Japan
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Yoshida M, Hanada M, Kojima A, Kashiwagi M, Umeda N, Hiratsuka J, Ichikawa M, Watanabe K, R Grisham L, Tsumori K, Kisaki M. Time evolution of negative ion profile in a large cesiated negative ion source applicable to fusion reactors. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:02B144. [PMID: 26932026 DOI: 10.1063/1.4938406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To understand the physics of the cesium (Cs) recycling in the large Cs-seeded negative ion sources relevant to ITER and JT-60SA with ion extraction area of 45-60 cm × 110-120 cm, the time evolution of the negative ion profile was precisely measured in JT-60SA where the ion extraction area is longitudinally segmented into 5. The Cs was seeded from the oven at 180 °C to the ion source. After 1 g of Cs input, surface production of the negative ions appeared only in the central segment where a Cs nozzle was located. Up to 2 g of Cs, the negative ion profile was longitudinally expanded over full ion extraction area. The measured time evolution of the negative ion profile has the similar tendency of distribution of the Cs atoms that is calculated. From the results, it is suggested that Cs atom distribution is correlated with the formation of the negative ion profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yoshida
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1, Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - M Hanada
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1, Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - A Kojima
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1, Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - M Kashiwagi
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1, Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - N Umeda
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1, Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - J Hiratsuka
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1, Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - M Ichikawa
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1, Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1, Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - L R Grisham
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - K Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5792, Japan
| | - M Kisaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5792, Japan
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Kojima A, Hanada M, Tobari H, Nishikiori R, Hiratsuka J, Kashiwagi M, Umeda N, Yoshida M, Ichikawa M, Watanabe K, Yamano Y, Grisham LR. Development of design technique for vacuum insulation in large size multi-aperture multi-grid accelerator for nuclear fusion. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:02B304. [PMID: 26932032 DOI: 10.1063/1.4931803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Design techniques for the vacuum insulation have been developed in order to realize a reliable voltage holding capability of multi-aperture multi-grid (MAMuG) accelerators for fusion application. In this method, the nested multi-stage configuration of the MAMuG accelerator can be uniquely designed to satisfy the target voltage within given boundary conditions. The evaluation of the voltage holding capabilities of each acceleration stages was based on the previous experimental results about the area effect and the multi-aperture effect. Since the multi-grid effect was found to be the extension of the area effect by the total facing area this time, the total voltage holding capability of the multi-stage can be estimated from that per single stage by assuming the stage with the highest electric field, the total facing area, and the total apertures. By applying these consideration, the analysis on the 3-stage MAMuG accelerator for JT-60SA agreed well with the past gap-scan experiments with an accuracy of less than 10% variation, which demonstrated the high reliability to design MAMuG accelerators and also multi-stage high voltage bushings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kojima
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - M Hanada
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - H Tobari
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - R Nishikiori
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - J Hiratsuka
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - M Kashiwagi
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - N Umeda
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - M Yoshida
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - M Ichikawa
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - Y Yamano
- Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama-ken 338-8570, Japan
| | - L R Grisham
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
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Kojima A, Hanada M, Jeong S, Bae Y, Chang D, Kim T, Lee K, Park M, Jung B, Mogaki K, Komata M, Dairaku M, Kashiwagi M, Tobari H, Watanabe K. Demonstration of long-pulse acceleration of high power positive ion beam with JT-60 positive ion source in Japan–Korea joint experiment. Fusion Engineering and Design 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Teramura M, Wynn S, Reshalaitihan M, Kyuno W, Sato T, Ohtani M, Kawashima C, Hanada M. Supplementation with difructose anhydride III promotes passive calcium absorption in the small intestine immediately after calving in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:8688-97. [PMID: 26454295 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-9576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of hypocalcemia increases in high-parity dairy cows because resorption of bone Ca is delayed in these animals, and they appear to have a reduced ability to absorb Ca from the intestine during the early postpartum period. Difructose anhydride (DFA) III has been shown to promote the absorption of intestinal Ca via a paracellular pathway. However, past studies have not reported this effect in peripartum dairy cows. Therefore, we investigated the effect of DFA III supplementation on Ca metabolism during the peripartum period to determine whether DFA III promotes intestinal Ca absorption via this route. Seventy-four multiparous Holstein cows were separated into DFA and control groups based on their parity and body weight. The feed of the DFA group was supplemented with 40g/d of DFA III from -14 to 6d relative to calving. The control group did not receive DFA III. At calving (0h relative to calving), serum Ca declined below 9mg/dL in both groups. However, serum Ca concentrations were greater in the DFA group than in the control group at 6, 12, 24, and 48h relative to calving, and the time required for serum Ca to recover to 9mg/dL during the postpartum period was shorter in the high-parity cows in the DFA group than in those in the control group. Parathyroid hormone concentrations increased immediately after calving in both groups and were greater in the control group than in the DFA group at 12 and 24h relative to calving. Serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations increased at 0 and 12h relative to calving in both groups and were higher in the control group than in the DFA group at 72h relative to calving. Serum concentrations of the bone-resorption marker cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX) were not different between the groups during peripartum period, and serum NTX in all cows was lower at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72h relative to calving than at -21, 4, and 5d relative to calving. Thus, DFA treatment induced faster recovery of serum Ca, although bone resorption was restrained. In conclusion, DFA III promotes intestinal passive Ca absorption via the paracellular pathway during the early postpartum period; this absorption is unaffected by aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Teramura
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan; Nippon Beet Sugar Manufacturing Co. Ltd., Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-0831, Japan.
| | - S Wynn
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - M Reshalaitihan
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - W Kyuno
- Nippon Beet Sugar Manufacturing Co. Ltd., Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-0831, Japan
| | - T Sato
- Nippon Beet Sugar Manufacturing Co. Ltd., Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-0831, Japan
| | - M Ohtani
- Nippon Beet Sugar Manufacturing Co. Ltd., Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-0831, Japan
| | - C Kawashima
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - M Hanada
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
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Teramura M, Nakai T, Itoh M, Sato T, Ohtani M, Kawashima C, Hanada M. Short communication: Difructose anhydride III promotes calcium absorption from the duodenum in cattle. J Dairy Sci 2015; 98:2533-8. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-9004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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17
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Wynn S, Teramura M, Sato T, Hanada M. Changes of Serum Calcium Concentration, Frequency of Ruminal Contraction and Feed Intake Soon after Parturition of Dairy Cows Fed Difructose Anhydride III. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 28:58-68. [PMID: 25557676 PMCID: PMC4283189 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Requirements to control the large decrease in serum calcium (Ca) due to parturition and to increase the feed intake soon after parturition have been well accepted in dairy cows. This study was aimed to investigate the feed intake affected by serum Ca concentration with difructose anhydride (DFA) III supplement in dairy cows soon after parturition. Fourteen transition Holstein cows were divided into DFA and control (CONT) groups within 1 to 5 parity variations in each group. Measurement schedule for an individual cow was from 14 d before parturition to 7 d following parturition. The cows in DFA group were supplied 0.2 kg/head/d of DFA III feed containing 40 g of pure DFA III while the cows in CONT group received no DFA III. Other feeding procedures were the same for all cows in both groups. At parturition (d 0), serum Ca concentration sharply declined in both groups (p<0.05). Time interval for recovery from decreased serum Ca to its normal range (>9.0 mg/dL) tended to be faster in DFA group (12 h) than in the CONT group (48 h), but the differences were not significant. Active ruminal contraction was observed in DFA group at following parturition of d 1 (p<0.05), d 3 (p<0.05), and d 5 (p<0.01). Dry matter (DM) intake did not differ between the groups. However, positive correlations were observed between serum Ca concentration and ruminal contraction (p<0.001), and between ruminal contraction and DM intake (p<0.001) during following parturition. According to multiple regression analysis (R(2) = 0.824, p<0.001), the DM intake was positively affected by serum Ca concentration and ruminal contraction. These results suggest that feed intake soon after parturition in dairy cows can be increased by improvement of serum Ca concentration and active ruminal contraction, but DFA III supplementation in this study did not improve the lower serum Ca concentration due to parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wynn
- Research Center of Nippon Beet Sugar Mfg. Co., Ltd, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0831, Japan
| | - M Teramura
- Research Center of Nippon Beet Sugar Mfg. Co., Ltd, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0831, Japan
| | - T Sato
- Research Center of Nippon Beet Sugar Mfg. Co., Ltd, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0831, Japan
| | - M Hanada
- Department of Life Science and Agriculture, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
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Arima H, Hanada M, Hayasaka T, Masaki N, Omura T, Xu D, Hasegawa T, Togawa D, Yamato Y, Kobayashi S, Yasuda T, Matsuyama Y, Setou M. Blockade of IL-6 signaling by MR16-1 inhibits reduction of docosahexaenoic acid-containing phosphatidylcholine levels in a mouse model of spinal cord injury. Neuroscience 2014; 269:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Umeda N, Kashiwagi M, Taniguchi M, Tobari H, Watanabe K, Dairaku M, Yamanaka H, Inoue T, Kojima A, Hanada M. Long-pulse beam acceleration of MeV-class H(-) ion beams for ITER NB accelerator. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:02B304. [PMID: 24593581 DOI: 10.1063/1.4825161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In order to realize neutral beam systems in International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor whose target is to produce a 1 MeV, 200 A/m(2) during 3600 s D(-) ion beam, the electrostatic five-stages negative ion accelerator so-called "MeV accelerator" has been developed at Japan Atomic Energy Agency. To extend pulse length, heat load of the acceleration grids was reduced by controlling the ion beam trajectory. Namely, the beam deflection due to the residual magnetic field of filter magnet was suppressed with the newly developed extractor with a 0.5 mm off-set aperture displacement. The new extractor improved the deflection angle from 6 mrad to 1 mrad, resulting in the reduction of direct interception of negative ions from 23% to 15% of the total acceleration power, respectively. As a result, the pulse length of 130 A/m(2), 881 keV H(-) ion beam has been successfully extended from a previous value of 0.4 s to 8.7 s. This is the first long pulse negative ion beam acceleration over 100 MW/m(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- N Umeda
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193 Japan
| | - M Kashiwagi
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193 Japan
| | - M Taniguchi
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193 Japan
| | - H Tobari
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193 Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193 Japan
| | - M Dairaku
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193 Japan
| | - H Yamanaka
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193 Japan
| | - T Inoue
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193 Japan
| | - A Kojima
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193 Japan
| | - M Hanada
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193 Japan
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Kashiwagi M, Umeda N, Tobari H, Kojima A, Yoshida M, Taniguchi M, Dairaku M, Maejima T, Yamanaka H, Watanabe K, Inoue T, Hanada M. Development of negative ion extractor in the high-power and long-pulse negative ion source for fusion application. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:02B320. [PMID: 24593597 DOI: 10.1063/1.4852297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
High power and long-pulse negative ion extractor, which is composed of the plasma grid (PG) and the extraction grid (EXG), is newly developed toward the neutral beam injector for heating and current drive of future fusion machines such as ITER, JT-60 Super Advanced and DEMO reactor. The PG is designed to enhance surface production of negative ions efficiently by applying the chamfered aperture. The efficiency of the negative ion production for the discharge power increased by a factor of 1.3 against that of the conventional PG. The EXG is also designed with the thermal analysis to upgrade the cooling capability for the long pulse operation of >1000 s required in ITER. Though the magnetic field for electron suppression is reduced to 0.75 of that in the conventional EXG due to this upgrade, it was experimentally confirmed that the extracted electron current can be suppressed to the allowable level for the long pulse operation. These results show that newly developed extractor has the high potential for the long pulse extraction of the negative ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kashiwagi
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - N Umeda
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - H Tobari
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - A Kojima
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - M Yoshida
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - M Taniguchi
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - M Dairaku
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - T Maejima
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - H Yamanaka
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - T Inoue
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - M Hanada
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
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Yamamoto T, Shibata T, Kashiwagi M, Hatayama A, Sawada K, Hanada M. Numerical analysis of atomic density distribution in arc driven negative ion sources. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:02B125. [PMID: 24593565 DOI: 10.1063/1.4852296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to calculate atomic (H(0)) density distribution in JAEA 10 ampere negative ion source. A collisional radiative model is developed for the calculation of the H(0) density distribution. The non-equilibrium feature of the electron energy distribution function (EEDF), which mainly determines the H(0) production rate, is included by substituting the EEDF calculated from 3D electron transport analysis. In this paper, the H(0) production rate, the ionization rate, and the density distribution in the source chamber are calculated. In the region where high energy electrons exist, the H(0) production and the ionization are enhanced. The calculated H(0) density distribution without the effect of the H(0) transport is relatively small in the upper region. In the next step, the effect should be taken into account to obtain more realistic H(0) distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - T Shibata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - M Kashiwagi
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - A Hatayama
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - K Sawada
- Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1 Wakasato, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - M Hanada
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan
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Kojima A, Hanada M, Yoshida M, Tobari H, Kashiwagi M, Umeda N, Watanabe K, Grisham LR. 100 s extraction of negative ion beams by using actively temperature-controlled plasma grid. Rev Sci Instrum 2014; 85:02B312. [PMID: 24593589 DOI: 10.1063/1.4830216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Long pulse beam extraction with a current density of 120 A/m(2) for 100 s has been achieved with a newly developed plasma grid (PG) for the JT-60SA negative ion source which is designed to produce high power and long pulse beams with a negative ion current of 130 A/m(2) (22 A) and a pulse length of 100 s. The PG temperature is regulated by fluorinated fluids in order to keep the high PG temperature for the cesium-seeded negative ion production. The time constant for temperature controllability of the PG was measured to be below 10 s, which was mainly determined by the heat transfer coefficient of the fluorinated fluid. The measured decay time of the negative ion current extracted from the actively temperature-controlled PG was 430 s which was sufficient for the JT-60SA requirement, and much longer than that by inertial-cooling PG of 60 s. Obtained results of the long pulse capability are utilized to design the full size PG for the JT-60SA negative ion source.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kojima
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - M Hanada
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - M Yoshida
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - H Tobari
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - M Kashiwagi
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - N Umeda
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan
| | - L R Grisham
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
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Kojima A, Hanada M, Yoshida M, Inoue T, Watanabe K, Taniguchi M, Kashiwagi M, Umeda N, Tobari H, Grisham L. Long-pulse production of the negative ion beams for JT-60SA. Fusion Engineering and Design 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bae Y, Park Y, Kim J, Han W, Kwak S, Chang Y, Park H, Song N, Yang H, Yoon S, Jeon Y, Hahn S, Lee S, Ko W, England A, Kim W, Oh Y, Kwak J, Kwon M, Chang D, Jeong S, Kim T, Oh B, Jin J, In S, Lee K, Chang D, Watanabe K, Dairaku M, Tobari H, Kashiwagi M, Hanada M, Inoue T, Ikeda Y, Kawai M, Komata M, Mogaki K, Usui K, Yamamoto T, Matsuoka M, Nagaoka K, Grisham L. Commissioning of the first KSTAR neutral beam injection system and beam experiments. Fusion Engineering and Design 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2012.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Sato T, Hanada M, Ohtani M, Nakai T, Teramura M, Sadoya H, Takahashi T, Hongo A. Short communication: Effect of difructose anhydride III on serum immunoglobulin G concentration in newborn calves. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:5336-5339. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Miyamoto K, Okuda S, Hatayama A, Hanada M. Numerical analysis of surface produced H- ions by using two-dimensional particle-in-cell method. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:02A723. [PMID: 22380232 DOI: 10.1063/1.3673627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The modeling and analysis of a negative ion source is proceeding by using a 2D particle-in-cell simulation. The effect of the H(-) ion production on the plasma grid (PG) surface is investigated. It is shown that with the increase of H(-) ions per time step, the H(-) ion current density is enhanced, while the electron current density decreases with increasing the H(-) production rate on the PG surface. These results agree well with the experimental results observed in typical negative ion sources. Moreover, it is found that plasma quasi-neutrality is held mainly by both H(+) and H(-) ions in the bulk plasma around the PG.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Miyamoto
- Naruto University of Education, 748 Nakashima, Takashima, Naruto-cho, Naruto-shi, Tokushima 772-8502, Japan.
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Kojima A, Hanada M, Hilmi A, Inoue T, Watanabe K, Taniguchi M, Kashiwagi M, Umeda N, Tobari H, Kobayashi S, Yamano Y, Grisham LR. Vacuum insulation of the high energy negative ion source for fusion application. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:02B117. [PMID: 22380274 DOI: 10.1063/1.3672471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Vacuum insulation on a large size negative ion accelerator with multiple extraction apertures and acceleration grids for fusion application was experimentally examined and designed. In the experiment, vacuum insulation characteristics were investigated in the JT-60 negative ion source with >1000 apertures on the grid with the surface area of ∼2 m(2). The sustainable voltages varied with a square root of the gap lengths between the grids, and decreased with number of the apertures and with the surface area of the grids. Based on the obtained results, the JT-60SA (super advanced) negative ion source is designed to produce 22 A, 500 keV D(-) ion beams for 100 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kojima
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan.
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Jeong SH, Chang DH, Kim TS, In SR, Lee KW, Jin JT, Chang DS, Oh BH, Bae YS, Kim JS, Park HT, Watanabe K, Inoue T, Kashiwagi M, Dairaku M, Tobari H, Hanada M. First neutral beam injection experiments on KSTAR tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:02B102. [PMID: 22380259 DOI: 10.1063/1.3660254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The first neutral beam (NB) injection system of the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) tokamak was partially completed in 2010 with only 1∕3 of its full design capability, and NB heating experiments were carried out during the 2010 KSTAR operation campaign. The ion source is composed of a JAEA bucket plasma generator and a KAERI large multi-aperture accelerator assembly, which is designed to deliver a 1.5 MW, NB power of deuterium at 95 keV. Before the beam injection experiments, discharge, and beam extraction characteristics of the ion source were investigated. The ion source has good beam optics in a broad range of beam perveance. The optimum perveance is 1.1-1.3 μP, and the minimum beam divergence angle measured by the Doppler shift spectroscopy is 0.8°. The ion species ratio is D(+):D(2)(+):D(3)(+) = 75:20:5 at beam current density of 85 mA/cm(2). The arc efficiency is more than 1.0 A∕kW. In the 2010 KSTAR campaign, a deuterium NB power of 0.7-1.5 MW was successfully injected into the KSTAR plasma with a beam energy of 70-90 keV. L-H transitions were observed within a wide range of beam powers relative to a threshold value. The edge pedestal formation in the T(i) and T(e) profiles was verified through CES and electron cyclotron emission diagnostics. In every deuterium NB injection, a burst of D-D neutrons was recorded, and increases in the ion temperature and plasma stored energy were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Jeong
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 989-111 Daedeokdaero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-353, South Korea.
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Taniguchi M, Kashiwagi M, Umeda N, Dairaku M, Takemoto J, Tobari H, Tsuchida K, Yamanaka H, Watanabe K, Kojima A, Hanada M, Sakamoto K, Inoue T. Voltage holding study of 1 MeV accelerator for ITER neutral beam injector. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:02B121. [PMID: 22380278 DOI: 10.1063/1.3675389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Voltage holding test on MeV accelerator indicated that sustainable voltage was a half of that of ideal quasi-Rogowski electrode. It was suggested that the emission of the clumps is enhanced by a local electric field concentration, which leads to discharge initiation at lower voltage. To reduce the electric field concentration in the MeV accelerator, gaps between the grid supports were expanded and curvature radii at the support corners were increased. After the modifications, the accelerator succeeded in sustaining -1 MV in vacuum without beam acceleration. However, the beam energy was still limited at a level of 900 keV with a beam current density of 150 A∕m(2) (346 mA) where the 3 × 5 apertures were used. Measurement of the beam profile revealed that deflection of the H(-) ions was large and a part of the H(-) ions was intercepted at the acceleration grid. This causes high heat load on the grids and the breakdowns during beam acceleration. To suppress the direct interception, new grid system was designed with proper aperture displacement based on a 3D beam trajectory analysis. As the result, the beam deflection was compensated and the voltage holding during the beam acceleration was improved. Beam parameter of the MeV accelerator was increased to 980 keV, 185 A∕m(2) (427 mA), which is close to the requirement of ITER accelerator (1 MeV, 200 A∕m(2)).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Taniguchi
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan.
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30
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Hanada M, Kuga N, Hagihara H. Streptococcus milleri in hand infections. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2011; 36:814-6. [PMID: 21816892 DOI: 10.1177/1753193411415344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Hanada
- Department of Orthopedics, Sasebo Kyosai Hospital, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - N. Kuga
- Department of Orthopedics, Sasebo Kyosai Hospital, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - H. Hagihara
- Department of Orthopedics, Sasebo Kyosai Hospital, Sasebo, Nagasaki, Japan
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Iwamuro M, Hanada M, Kominami Y, Higashi R, Mizuno M, Yamamoto K. Endoscopic hemostasis for hemorrhage from an ileal diverticulum. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 3:154-6. [PMID: 21860685 PMCID: PMC3159504 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v3.i7.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhage from a non-Meckelian jejunoileal diverticulum is rare, and it is generally difficult to diagnose the source of the bleeding. Here, we report the case of a 59-year-old male with hemorrhage from an ileal diverticulum. Contrast computed tomography scans demonstrated the ileal diverticulum and extravasation of the contrast medium around it. The diagnosis was then made by computed tomography scans, and endoscopic mechanical hemostasis was performed under colonoscopy with three metal clips. The management of hemorrhage from jejunoileal diverticula is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Iwamuro
- Masaya Iwamuro, Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima City Hospital, Hiroshima 730-8518, Japan
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Watanabe K, Dairaku M, Tobari H, Kashiwagi M, Inoue T, Hanada M, Jeong SH, Chang DH, Kim TS, Kim BR, Seo CS, Jin JT, Lee KW, In SR, Oh BH, Kim J, Bae YS. Development of a plasma generator for a long pulse ion source for neutral beam injectors. Rev Sci Instrum 2011; 82:063507. [PMID: 21721691 DOI: 10.1063/1.3599585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A plasma generator for a long pulse H(+)/D(+) ion source has been developed. The plasma generator was designed to produce 65 A H(+)/D(+) beams at an energy of 120 keV from an ion extraction area of 12 cm in width and 45 cm in length. Configuration of the plasma generator is a multi-cusp bucket type with SmCo permanent magnets. Dimension of a plasma chamber is 25 cm in width, 59 cm in length, and 32.5 cm in depth. The plasma generator was designed and fabricated at Japan Atomic Energy Agency. Source plasma generation and beam extraction tests for hydrogen coupling with an accelerator of the KSTAR ion source have been performed at the KSTAR neutral beam test stand under the agreement of Japan-Korea collaborative experiment. Spatial uniformity of the source plasma at the extraction region was measured using Langmuir probes and ±7% of the deviation from an averaged ion saturation current density was obtained. A long pulse test of the plasma generation up to 200 s with an arc discharge power of 70 kW has been successfully demonstrated. The arc discharge power satisfies the requirement of the beam production for the KSTAR NBI. A 70 keV, 41 A, 5 s hydrogen ion beam has been extracted with a high arc efficiency of 0.9 -1.1 A/kW at a beam extraction experiment. A deuteron yield of 77% was measured even at a low beam current density of 73 mA/cm(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- K Watanabe
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukouyama, Naka, Ibaraki-ken 311-0193, Japan.
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Kashiwagi M, Taniguchi M, Dairaku M, Grisham LR, Hanada M, Mizuno T, Tobari H, Umeda N, Watanabe K, Sakamoto K, Inoue T. Analyses of high power negative ion accelerators for ITER neutral beam injector (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:02B113. [PMID: 20192419 DOI: 10.1063/1.3271137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In JAEA, research and developments to realize high power accelerator (1 MeV, 40 AD(-) ion beams for 3600 s) for ITER have been carried out experimentally and numerically utilizing a five stage MAMuG (Multiaperture, Multigrid) accelerator. In this paper, the extension of the gap length, which is required to improve the voltage holding capability, is examined in two dimensional beam optics analyses and also from view point of stripping loss of ions. In order to suppress excess power loadings due to the direct interception of negative ions, which is issued in long pulse tests, the beamlet deflection is analyzed in three dimensional multibeamlet analyses. The necessary modifications shown above are applied to the MAMuG accelerator for coming long pulse tests in JAEA and ITER.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kashiwagi
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1, Mukoyama, Naka 311-0193, Japan.
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Kojima A, Hanada M, Tanaka Y, Inoue T, Watanabe K, Taniguchi M, Kashiwagi M, Umeda N, Tobari H, Grisham LR. Achievement and improvement of the JT-60U negative ion source for JT-60 Super Advanced (invited). Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:02B112. [PMID: 20225407 DOI: 10.1063/1.3279398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Developments of the large negative ion source have been progressed in the high-energy, high-power, and long-pulse neutral beam injector for JT-60 Super Advanced. Countermeasures have been studied and tested for critical issues of grid heat load and voltage holding capability. As for the heat load of the acceleration grids, direct interception of D- ions was reduced by adjusting the beamlet steering. As a result, the heat load was reduced below an allowable level for long-pulse injections. As for the voltage holding capability, local electric field was mitigated by tuning gap lengths between large-area acceleration grids in the accelerator. As a result, the voltage holding capability was improved up to the rated value of 500 kV. To investigate the voltage holding capability during beam acceleration, the beam acceleration test is ongoing with new extended gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kojima
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan.
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Taniguchi M, Mizuno T, Umeda N, Kashiwagi M, Watanabe K, Tobari H, Kojima A, Tanaka Y, Dairaku M, Hanada M, Sakamoto K, Inoue T. Long pulse H- ion beam acceleration in MeV accelerator. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:02B101. [PMID: 20192408 DOI: 10.1063/1.3274808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A multiaperture multigrid accelerator called "MeV accelerator" has been developed for neutral beam injection system of international thermonuclear experimental reactor. In the present work, long pulse H(-) ion beam acceleration was performed by the MeV accelerator equipped with new water-cooled grids. At present, the pulse length was extended to 5 s for the beams of 750 keV, 221 mA, and 10 s for the beams of 600 keV, 158 mA. Energy density, defined as products of beam energy (keV), current (mA), and pulse (s) divided by aperture area (m(2)), increased more than one order of magnitude higher compared with original MeV accelerator without water cooling in its grids. At higher energy and current, the grid was melted by beam deflection. Due to this grid melting, breakdowns occurred between the grids, and hence, the pulse length was limited. Beam deflection will be compensated by aperture displacement in next experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Taniguchi
- Fusion Research and Development Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan.
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Tanaka Y, Hanada M, Kojima A, Akino N, Shimizu T, Ohshima K, Inoue T, Watanabe K, Taniguchi M, Kashiwagi M, Umeda N, Tobari H, Grisham LR. Improvement of voltage holding capability in the 500 keV negative ion source for JT-60SA. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:02A719. [PMID: 20225405 DOI: 10.1063/1.3279399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Voltage holding capability of JT-60 negative ion source that has a large electrostatic negative ion accelerator with 45 cm x 1.1 m acceleration grids was experimentally examined and improved to realize 500 keV, 22 A, and 100 s D- ion beams for JT-60 Super Advanced. The gap lengths in the acceleration stages were extended to reduce electric fields in a gap between the large grids and at the corner of the support flanges from the original 4-5 to 3-4 kV/mm. As a result, the voltage holding capability without beam acceleration has been successfully improved from 400 to 500 kV. The pulse duration to hold 500 kV reached 40 s of the power supply limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tanaka
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki 311-0193, Japan.
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Hirata Y, Hanada M, Sumino Y, Sato F, Mimata H. MP-17.09: Hepatocyte Growth Factor and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Induce Migration and Invasion of Satellite Cells in Human Urethral Rhabdosphincter through PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zunong M, Tuerhong T, Okamoto M, Hongo A, Hanada M. Effects of a potato pulp silage supplement on the composition of milk fatty acids when fed to grazing dairy cows. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2009.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Shin IS, Hanada M, Shin JS, Sung KI, Kim BW. Effect of dietary fermented fish waste on the digestion of feed and supply of unsaturated fatty acids including conjugated linoleic acid in cattles. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/09064700902780633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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40
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Yamano Y, Takahashi M, Kobayashi S, Hanada M, Ikeda Y. Surface discharge related properties of fiberglass reinforced plastic insulator for use in neutral beam injector of JT-60U. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:02A524. [PMID: 18315145 DOI: 10.1063/1.2828069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Neutral beam injection (NBI) used for JT-60U is required to generate negative ions of 500 keV energies. To produce such high-energy ions, three-stage electrostatic accelerators consisting of three insulator rings made of fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) are applied. The surface discharges along FRP insulators are one of the most serious problems in the development of NBI. To increase the hold-off voltage against surface flashover events, it is necessary to investigate the FRP insulator properties related to surface discharges in vacuum. This paper describes surface flashover characteristics for FRP and alumina samples under vacuum condition. The results show that the fold-off voltages for FRP samples are inferior to those of alumina ceramics. In addition, measurement results of surface resistivity and volume resistivity under vacuum and atmospheric conditions, secondary electron emission characteristics, and cathodoluminescence under some keV electron beam irradiation are also reported. These are important parameters to analyze surface discharge of insulators in vacuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamano
- School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Japan.
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41
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Hanada M, Kamada M, Akino N, Ebisawa N, Honda A, Kawai M, Kazawa M, Kikuchi K, Komata M, Mogaki K, Noto K, Ohshima K, Takenouchi T, Tanai Y, Usui K, Yamazaki H, Ikeda Y, Grisham LR. Long pulse production of high current D(-) ion beams in the JT-60 negative ion source. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:02A519. [PMID: 18315140 DOI: 10.1063/1.2821508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The first long pulse production of high power D(-) ion beams has been demonstrated in the JT-60 U negative ion sources, each of which was designed to produce 22 A, 500 keV D(-) ion beams. Voltage holding capability and the grid power loading were examined for long pulse production of high power D(-) ion beams. From the correlation between voltage holding and the light intensity of cathodoluminescence from the Fiber Reinforced Plastic insulators, the acceleration voltage for stable voltage holding capability was found to be less than 320-340 kV where the light was sufficiently suppressed. By tuning the extraction voltage, the grid power loadings in the ion sources were decreased to the allowable levels for long pulse injection without a significant reduction of the beam power. After tuning the acceleration and extraction voltages, D(-) ion beams of 12.5 and 9.8 A were produced at 340 keV with cesium seeding at a rate of approximately 14 microg/s into the ion sources. The pulse duration of these D(-) ion beams was extended step by step, and then was successfully extended up to 18 s without degradation of the negative ion production. The D(-) ion beams were neutralized to yield 3.6 MW D(0) beams by a gas cell, and then injected into the JT-60 U plasma. Further, a slight reduction of D(-) ion beam power allowed the longer injection duration of 21 s at a D(0) beam power of 3.2 MW. The success in the long pulse production of a high power D(-) ion beam shows that negative ion beams can be produced during a few tens of seconds without degradations of negative ion production and the voltage holding in a large Cs-seeded negative ion source.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hanada
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Kamada M, Hanada M, Ikeda Y, Grisham LR, Jiang W. Beamlet deflection due to beamlet-beamlet interaction in a large-area multiaperture negative ion source for JT-60U. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:02C114. [PMID: 18315240 DOI: 10.1063/1.2819333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The JT-60U negative ion source has been designed to produce high current beams of 22 A through grids of 1080 apertures (five segments with nine rows of 24 apertures). One of the key issues is to steer such a high current beam through the multiaperture grids in order to focus the overall beam envelope because the beamlet-beamlet interaction may deflect the outer beamlets outward due to unbalanced space charge repulsion. To clarify the beam deflection in the JT-60U negative ion source, the beamlet trajectory in a multiaperture ion source was calculated by a three-dimensional simulation code. The measured angles of the outmost beamlets were in agreement with the calculated results where space charge of the beamlets was taken into account. It is noticed that the deflection of the outermost beamlet due to the beamlet-beamlet interaction is saturated at 5.2 mrad outward for beamlets more than ten.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kamada
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Inoue T, Tobari H, Takado N, Hanada M, Kashiwagi M, Hatayama A, Wada M, Sakamoto K. Negative ion production in cesium seeded high electron temperature plasmas. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:02C112. [PMID: 18315238 DOI: 10.1063/1.2823899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In experiments on uniformity improvement in a large negative ion source, steep gradients have been observed in the profiles of electron temperature and H(-) ion beam intensity. It has been observed that the gradient in the H(-) ion beam intensity is altered by seeding cesium, though the electron temperature distribution is not affected by Cs. Thus in the Cs seeded condition, the H(-) ion beam intensity is enhanced in local area illuminated by high electron temperature plasmas. A brief analysis suggests possible advantages of high electron temperature plasmas for the negative ion surface production, by enhancement of dissociation to yield proton or atoms as parent particles of the negative ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Inoue
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Fusion Research and Development Directorate, Naka, Japan.
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Tobari H, Hanada M, Kashiwagi M, Taniguchi M, Umeda N, Watanabe K, Inoue T, Sakamoto K, Takado N. Uniform H(-) ion beam extraction in a large negative ion source with a tent-shaped magnetic filter. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:02C111. [PMID: 18315237 DOI: 10.1063/1.2816968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Based on previous studies on the spatial uniformity of the negative ion beam, the external magnetic filter was replaced to a novel tent-shaped magnetic filter in the JAEA 10 A negative ion source. The line-cusp field configuration on the source chamber was also changed to form a symmetric magnetic field like many of positive ion sources aiming at high proton yield. This magnetic field configuration allows fast electrons emitted from filament cathodes to rotate azimuthally inside the source chamber. The source configuration thus prevents localization of fast electrons due to their B x grad B drift in the filter field. As a result, the H(-) ion beam profile extracted from a wide region of 340 x 170 mm(2) showed reduction of standard deviation from 16% in the original to 7.9% with the tent filter. The negative ion source with the tent filter satisfied the requirement of the beam uniformity for a large negative ion source in the ITER neutral beam injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tobari
- Fusion Research and Development Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka, Japan
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Oka Y, Tsumori K, Ikeda K, Kaneko O, Nagaoka K, Osakabe M, Takeiri Y, Asano E, Komada S, Kondo T, Sato M, Shibuya M, Grisham LR, Ikeda Y, Hanada M, Umeda N. Spectroscopic observations of beam and source plasma light and testing Cs-deposition monitor in the large area negative ion source for LHD-NBI. Rev Sci Instrum 2008; 79:02C105. [PMID: 18315231 DOI: 10.1063/1.2819322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In the large area negative ion source for the LHD negative-ion-(H(-))-based neutral beam system, (I) we used the spectrometer to measure caesium lines in the source plasma during beam shots. (II) With Doppler-shifted measurements, the H(alpha) line at three different locations along the beam as well as the spectrum profile for cases of different plasma grid areas. (III) Caesium deposition monitor with a high speed shutter was tested to measure the weight of the deposited Cs layer. In the observation, cleaner spectra of Doppler-shifted H(alpha) line with only a small level of background light were obtained at a new observation port which viewed the blueshifted light in the drift region after the accelerator of a LHD ion source. Both the amounts of Cs I (852 nm, neutral Cs(0)) and Cs II (522 nm, Cs(+)) in the source plasma light rose sharply when beam acceleration began, and continued rising during a 10 s pulse. It was thought that this was because the cesium was evaporated/sputtered from the source back plate by the back-streaming positive ions. Cs deposition rate to the crystal sensor measured by adjusting the shutter open time was evaluated to be 2.9 nanograms/s cm(2) for preliminary testing. More neutral Cs tended to be evolved in the source after arc discharge. Much Cs could be consumed in a high rate-pulsed operation (such as LHD source).
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Oka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu, Japan.
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Inoue T, Hanada M, Kashiwagi M, Taniguchi M, Tobari H, Dairaku M, Umeda N, Watanabe K, Sakamoto K, Ikeda Y. Development of beam source and bushing for ITER NB system. Fusion Engineering and Design 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2007.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Okine A, Yimamu A, Hanada M, Izumita M, Zunong M, Okamoto M. Ensiling characteristics of daikon (Raphanus sativus) by-product and its potential as an animal feed resource. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Aibibula Y, Okine A, Hanada M, Murata S, Okamoto M, Goto M. Effect of Replacing Rolled Corn with Potato Pulp Silage in Grass Silage-based Diets on Nitrogen Utilization by Steers. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2007.1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Okine A, Aibibula Y, Hanada M, Okamoto M. The Use of Fungal Inoculants in the Ensiling of Potato Pulp: Effect of Temperature and Duration of Storage on Silage Fermentation Characteristics. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2007.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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50
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Murata T, Rahardjo A, Fujiyama Y, Yamaga T, Hanada M, Yaegaki K, Miyazaki H. Development of a Compact and Simple Gas Chromatography for Oral Malodor Measurement. J Periodontol 2006; 77:1142-7. [PMID: 16805675 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2006.050388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) in oral air are the only type of gases correlated with the strength of oral malodor. We developed a compact and simple gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with a newly invented indium oxide semiconductor gas sensor (SCS) for measuring the concentrations of VSCs in mouth air. We have assessed the correlation between measurements with a GC-SCS and those with a regular GC. METHODS Oral air samples from randomly selected volunteers were analyzed with both a GC-SCS and a GC with a flame photometric detector (FPD), which is specific to VSCs, and GC-SCS measurements were compared to those obtained by GC-FPD. Subsequently, oral air samples before and after mouthrinsing with 5% ethanol mouthwash were analyzed to determine the effect of ethanol on VSC measurements by GC-SCS. RESULTS There were strong correlations between VSC concentrations determined using these two gas chromatography methods (hydrogen sulfide, R=0.821, P<0.0001; methyl mercaptan, R=0.870, P<0.0001; and dimethyl sulfide, R=0.770, P<0.0001). Although GC-SCS can differentiate ethanol and VSCs in oral air samples after mouthrinsing, GC-SCS measurements demonstrated higher values than those obtained by GC-FPD; however, this discrepancy improved over time due to the reduced effect of ethanol. CONCLUSION The results suggest that GC-SCS may be useful for the diagnosis of halitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatoshi Murata
- Department of Oral Health, Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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