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Garofalo M, Quintavalle C, Di Leva G, Zanca C, Romano G, Taccioli C, Liu CG, Croce CM, Condorelli G. Editorial Expression of Concern: MicroRNA signatures of TRAIL resistance in human non-small cell lung cancer. Oncogene 2024; 43:1075. [PMID: 38418545 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-02989-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- M Garofalo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, IEOS, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C Quintavalle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, IEOS, Naples, Italy
| | - G Di Leva
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C Zanca
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, IEOS, Naples, Italy
| | - G Romano
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, IEOS, Naples, Italy
| | - C Taccioli
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C G Liu
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C M Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - G Condorelli
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, IEOS, Naples, Italy.
- Facolta` di Scienze Biotecnologiche, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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Garofalo M, Payros D, Taieb F, Oswald E, Nougayrède JP, Oswald IP. From ribosome to ribotoxins: understanding the toxicity of deoxynivalenol and Shiga toxin, two food borne toxins. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37862145 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2271101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Ribosomes that synthesize proteins are among the most central and evolutionarily conserved organelles. Given the key role of proteins in cellular functions, prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens have evolved potent toxins to inhibit ribosomal functions and weaken their host. Many of these ribotoxin-producing pathogens are associated with food. For example, food can be contaminated with bacterial pathogens that produce the ribotoxin Shiga toxin, but also with the fungal ribotoxin deoxynivalenol. Shiga toxin cleaves ribosomal RNA, while deoxynivalenol binds to and inhibits the peptidyl transferase center. Despite their distinct modes of action, both groups of ribotoxins hinder protein translation, but also trigger other comparable toxic effects, which depend or not on the activation of the ribotoxic stress response. Ribotoxic stress response-dependent effects include inflammation and apoptosis, whereas ribotoxic stress response-independent effects include endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, and autophagy. For other effects, such as cell cycle arrest and cytoskeleton modulation, the involvement of the ribotoxic stress response is still controversial. Ribotoxins affect one organelle yet induce multiple toxic effects with multiple consequences for the cell. The ribosome can therefore be considered as the cellular "Achilles heel" targeted by food borne ribotoxins. Considering the high toxicity of ribotoxins, they pose a substantial health risk, as humans are highly susceptible to widespread exposure to these toxins through contaminated food sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Garofalo
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Delphine Payros
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Frederic Taieb
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Oswald
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Isabelle P Oswald
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Garofalo M, Bonanno S, Marcuzzo S, Pandini C, Scarian E, Dragoni F, Di Gerlando R, Bordoni M, Parravicini S, Gellera C, Masson R, Dosi C, Zanin R, Pansarasa O, Cereda C, Berardinelli A, Gagliardi S. Preliminary insights into RNA in CSF of pediatric SMA patients after 6 months of nusinersen. Biol Direct 2023; 18:57. [PMID: 37705059 PMCID: PMC10498611 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-023-00413-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare autosomal-recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, and consequent loss of function of SMN protein, which results in progressive loss of lower motor neurons, and muscular wasting. Antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) nusinersen (Spinraza®) modulates the pre-mRNA splicing of the SMN2 gene, allowing rebalance of biologically active SMN. It is administered intrathecally via lumbar puncture after removing an equal amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Its effect was proven beneficial and approved since 2017 for SMA treatment. Given the direct effect of nusinersen on RNA metabolism, the aim of this project was to evaluate cell-free RNA (cfRNA) in CSF of SMA patients under ASOs treatment for biomarker discovery. METHODS By RNA-sequencing approach, RNA obtained from CSF of pediatric SMA type 2 and 3 patients was processed after 6 months of nusinersen treatment, at fifth intrathecal injection (T6), and compared to baseline (T0). RESULTS We observed the deregulation of cfRNAs in patients at T6 and we were able to classify these RNAs into disease specific, treatment specific and treatment dependent. Moreover, we subdivided patients into "homogeneous" and "heterogeneous" according to their gene expression pattern. The "heterogeneous" group showed peculiar activation of genes coding for ribosomal components, meaning that in these patients a different molecular effect of nusinersen is observable, even if this specific molecular response was not referable to a clinical pattern. CONCLUSIONS This study provides preliminary insights into modulation of gene expression dependent on nusinersen treatment and lays the foundation for biomarkers discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Bonanno
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - S Marcuzzo
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - C Pandini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - E Scarian
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - F Dragoni
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - R Di Gerlando
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Bordoni
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - S Parravicini
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - C Gellera
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - R Masson
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - C Dosi
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - R Zanin
- Neurology IV-Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - C Cereda
- Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, V. Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154, Milan, Italy
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Garofalo M, Vansenne F, Verbeek DS, Sival DA. The pathogenetic basis for a disease continuum in early- and late-onset ataxia-dystonia supports a unified genetic diagnostic approach. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2023; 43:44-51. [PMID: 36905829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Genetically inherited ataxic disorders are classified by their age of disease presentation into early- and late-onset ataxia (EOA and LOA, presenting before or after the 25th year-of-life). In both disease groups, comorbid dystonia co-occurs frequently. Despite overlapping genes and pathogenetic features, EOA, LOA and dystonia are considered as different genetic entities with a separate diagnostic approach. This often leads to diagnostic delay. So far, the possibility of a disease continuum between EOA, LOA and mixed ataxia-dystonia has not been explored in silico. In the present study, we analyzed the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying EOA, LOA and mixed ataxia-dystonia. METHODS We analyzed the association of 267 ataxia genes with comorbid dystonia and anatomical MRI lesions in literature. We compared anatomical damage, biological pathways, and temporal cerebellar gene expression between EOA, LOA and mixed ataxia-dystonia. RESULTS The majority (≈65%) of ataxia genes were associated with comorbid dystonia in literature. Both EOA and LOA gene groups with comorbid dystonia were significantly associated with lesions in the cortico-basal-ganglia-pontocerebellar network. EOA, LOA and mixed ataxia-dystonia gene groups were enriched for biological pathways related to nervous system development, neural signaling and cellular processes. All genes revealed similar cerebellar gene expression levels before and after 25 years of age and during cerebellar development. CONCLUSION In EOA, LOA and mixed ataxia-dystonia gene groups, our findings show similar anatomical damage, underlying biological pathways and temporal cerebellar gene expression patterns. These findings may suggest the existence of a disease continuum, supporting the diagnostic use of a unified genetic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garofalo
- Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - F Vansenne
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - D S Verbeek
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - D A Sival
- Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Garofalo M, Payros D, Penary M, Oswald E, Nougayrède JP, Oswald IP. A novel toxic effect of foodborne trichothecenes: The exacerbation of genotoxicity. Environ Pollut 2023; 317:120625. [PMID: 36410598 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Trichothecenes (TCT) are very common mycotoxins. While the effects of DON, the most prevalent TCT, have been extensively studied, less is known about the effect of other trichothecenes. DON has ribotoxic, pro-inflammatory, and cytotoxic potential and induces multiple toxic effects in humans and animals. Although DON is not genotoxic by itself, it has recently been shown that this toxin exacerbates the genotoxicity induced by model or bacterial genotoxins. Here, we show that five TCT, namely T-2 toxin (T-2), diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), nivalenol (NIV), fusarenon-X (FX), and the newly discovered NX toxin, also exacerbate the DNA damage inflicted by various genotoxins. The exacerbation was dose dependent and observed with phleomycin, a model genotoxin, captan, a pesticide with genotoxic potential, and colibactin, a bacterial genotoxin produced by the intestinal microbiota. For this newly described effect, the trichothecenes ranked in the following order: T-2>DAS > FX > NIV ≥ DON ≥ NX. The genotoxic exacerbating effect of TCT correlated with their ribotoxic potential, as measured by the inhibition of protein synthesis. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that TCT, which are not genotoxic by themselves, exacerbate DNA damage induced by various genotoxins. Therefore, foodborne TCT could enhance the carcinogenic potential of genotoxins present in the diet or produced by intestinal bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Garofalo
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France; IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Delphine Payros
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France; IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Penary
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Oswald
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France; CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Isabelle P Oswald
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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Garofalo M, Beudel M, Dijk J, Bonouvrié L, Buizer A, Geytenbeek J, Prins R, Schuurman P, van de Pol L. Elective and Emergency Deep Brain Stimulation in Refractory Pediatric Monogenetic Movement Disorders Presenting with Dystonia: Current Practice Illustrated by Two Cases. Neuropediatrics 2022; 54:44-52. [PMID: 36223877 PMCID: PMC9842449 DOI: 10.1055/a-1959-9088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dystonia is characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions, leading to abnormal posturing and twisting movements. In pediatric patients, dystonia often negatively influences quality of life. Pharmacological treatment for dystonia is often inadequate and causes adverse effects. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) appears to be a valid therapeutic option for pharmacoresistant dystonia in children. METHODS To illustrate the current clinical practice, we hereby describe two pediatric cases of monogenetic movement disorders presenting with dystonia and treated with DBS. We provide a literature review of similar previously described cases and on different clinical aspects of DBS in pediatric dystonia. RESULTS The first patient, a 6-year-old girl with severe dystonia, chorea, and myoclonus due to an ADCY5 gene mutation, received DBS in an elective setting. The second patient, an 8-year-old boy with GNAO1-related dystonia and chorea, underwent emergency DBS due to a pharmacoresistant status dystonicus. A significant amelioration of motor symptoms (65% on the Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale) was observed postoperatively in the first patient and her personal therapeutic goals were achieved. DBS was previously reported in five patients with ADCY5-related movement disorders, of which three showed objective improvement. Emergency DBS in our second patient resulted in the successful termination of his GNAO1-related status dystonicus, this being the eighth case reported in the literature. CONCLUSION DBS can be effective in monogenetic pediatric dystonia and should be considered early in the disease course. To better evaluate the effects of DBS on patients' functioning, patient-centered therapeutic goals should be discussed in a multidisciplinary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Garofalo
- Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M. Beudel
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J.M. Dijk
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L.A. Bonouvrié
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Rehabilitation and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A.I. Buizer
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Rehabilitation and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J. Geytenbeek
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R.H.N. Prins
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P.R. Schuurman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - L.A. van de Pol
- Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Department of Child Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Address for correspondence L.A. van de Pol, MD, PhD Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije UniversiteitBoelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdamthe Netherlands
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Garofalo M, Corsini A, Potena L, Schinzari M, Nardi E, Barberini F, Gargiulo C, Malaguti M, Sabatino M, Semprini F, Galie N, Nanni S. Clinical profile and in-hospital outcome of patients supported by intra-aortic balloon pump in the clinical setting of cardiogenic shock according to aetiology. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Despite controversial evidence, intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is still the most used temporary mechanical support in cardiogenic shock (CS), as a bridge to recovery or to more advanced mechanical support and/or heart transplantation [1]. Indeed, the available evidence, which is mainly restricted to the context of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and is limited by the variability of CS definitions, shows no benefit in terms of mortality [2]. Randomized controlled trials on IABP in the setting of non-ACS CS are still missing. As a result, European guidelines do not recommend the routine use of IABP, which may be considered in refractory CS [3].
Purpose
The aim of our study was to analyse the use of IABP in the context of CS, providing insights into its indications, outcomes, and complications in relation to the aetiology (ACS vs non-ACS) of CS.
Methods
We retrospectively enrolled all consecutive adult patients receiving IABP for refractory CS at our tertiary referral Hospital between 2009 and 2018, and analysed data focusing on in-hospital outcomes, including death, recovery, heart transplantation, and escalation to more advanced mechanical support such as venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) or left ventricular assist device (LVAD), and on IABP-related complications.
Results
403 patients received IABP, 75.2% (n=303) for ACS CS and 24.8% (n=100) for non-ACS CS. With respect to ACS patients, non-ACS patients were younger (age 59±18.3 vs 73.1±12.6 years old, p<0.001), had a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) [25% (IR 18–35%) vs 38% (IR 25–45%), p<0.001], were supported by IABP for longer time [6 (IR 2–18) vs 2 (IR 1–4) days, p<0.001], required more use of inotropes/vasoconstrictors [80.0% (n=80) vs 33.8% (n=102), p<0.001], and needed more often escalation to VA-ECMO [23.0% (n=23) vs 1.3% (n=4), p<0.001]. Non-ACS patients showed higher in-hospital mortality than ACS patients [46.0% (n=46) vs 33.9% (n=103), p=0.042]. Non-ACS patients were more frequently bridged to heart transplantation [20.0% (n=20) vs 0.3% (n=1), p<0.001] or LVAD [4.0% (n=4) vs 0.6% (n=2), p=0.055] than ACS patients; mortality after transplantation/LVAD did not significantly differ between the two groups [12.5% (n=3/24) vs 66.7% (n=2/3), p>0.05]. The incidence of IABP-related overall and major complications (including ischemic stroke, major bleeding, and peripheral or visceral ischemia) was not different with respect to the non-ACS vs ACS aetiology [major complications: 8.0% (n=8) vs 5.0% (n=15), p>0.05].
Conclusions
In our experience, in the clinical setting of CS treated with IABP, non-ACS patients show a worse clinical profile and prognosis than ACS patients, and more often require escalation to more advanced mechanical support and/or heart transplantation, while the incidence of IABP-related complications appears similar independently of the aetiology.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garofalo
- Policlinico IRCCS Sant'Orsola-Malpighi - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Dipartimento Cardio-Toraco-Vascolare - Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale , Bologna , Italy
| | - A Corsini
- Policlinico IRCCS Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Dipartimento Cardio-Toraco-Vascolare , Bologna , Italy
| | - L Potena
- Policlinico IRCCS Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Dipartimento Cardio-Toraco-Vascolare , Bologna , Italy
| | - M Schinzari
- Policlinico IRCCS Sant'Orsola-Malpighi - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Dipartimento Cardio-Toraco-Vascolare - Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale , Bologna , Italy
| | - E Nardi
- Policlinico IRCCS Sant'Orsola-Malpighi - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Dipartimento Cardio-Toraco-Vascolare - Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale , Bologna , Italy
| | - F Barberini
- Policlinico IRCCS Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Dipartimento Cardio-Toraco-Vascolare , Bologna , Italy
| | - C Gargiulo
- Policlinico IRCCS Sant'Orsola-Malpighi - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Dipartimento Cardio-Toraco-Vascolare - Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale , Bologna , Italy
| | - M Malaguti
- Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale , Bologna , Italy
| | - M Sabatino
- Policlinico IRCCS Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Dipartimento Cardio-Toraco-Vascolare , Bologna , Italy
| | - F Semprini
- Policlinico IRCCS Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Dipartimento Cardio-Toraco-Vascolare , Bologna , Italy
| | - N Galie
- Policlinico IRCCS Sant'Orsola-Malpighi - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Dipartimento Cardio-Toraco-Vascolare - Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale , Bologna , Italy
| | - S Nanni
- Policlinico IRCCS Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Dipartimento Cardio-Toraco-Vascolare , Bologna , Italy
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Piazza P, Bianchi L, Chessa F, Droghetti M, Amirhassankhani S, Vagnoni V, Bertaccini A, Garofalo M, Costa F, Beretta C, Recenti D, Ercolino A, Balestrazzi E, Angiolini A, Manes F, Pissavini A, Fontanella L, Di Fresco S, Madeddu C, Mottaran A, Schiavina R, Brunocilla E. Perioperative and functional outcomes of robot-assisted radical cystectomy with totally intracorporeal orthotopic Y ileal neobladder: Results from a high-volume institution. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)02182-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Garofalo M, Payros D, Oswald E, Nougayrède JP, Oswald IP. The foodborne contaminant deoxynivalenol exacerbates DNA damage caused by a broad spectrum of genotoxic agents. Sci Total Environ 2022; 820:153280. [PMID: 35066032 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to different contaminants including mycotoxins. Deoxynivalenol (DON), a potent ribosome inhibitor, is a highly prevalent mycotoxin in the food chain worldwide. Although DON is not genotoxic, we previously showed that it exacerbates the genotoxicity of colibactin, a DNA-crosslinking toxin produced by bacteria in the gut. In the present study, we investigated whether this phenotype can be extended to other genotoxic compounds with different modes of action. Our data showed that, at a dose that can be found in food, DON exacerbated the DNA damage caused by etoposide, cisplatin and phleomycin. In contrast, de-epoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1), a modified form of DON that does not induce ribotoxic stress, did not exacerbate DNA damage. The effect of DON was mimicked with other ribosome inhibitors such as anisomycin and cycloheximide, suggesting that ribotoxicity plays a key role in exacerbating DNA damage. In conclusion, a new effect of DON was identified, this toxin aggravates the DNA damage induced by a broad spectrum of genotoxic agents with different modes of action. These results are of utmost importance as our food can be co-contaminated with DON and DNA-damaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Garofalo
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France; IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Delphine Payros
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Oswald
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRAE, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France; CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Isabelle P Oswald
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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10
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Alexandrou C, Bacchio S, Bergner G, Constantinou M, Di Carlo M, Dimopoulos P, Finkenrath J, Fiorenza E, Frezzotti R, Garofalo M, Hadjiyiannakou K, Kostrzewa B, Koutsou G, Jansen K, Lubicz V, Mangin-Brinet M, Manigrasso F, Martinelli G, Papadiofantous E, Pittler F, Rossi G, Sanfilippo F, Simula S, Tarantino C, Todaro A, Urbach C, Wenger U. Quark masses using twisted-mass fermion gauge ensembles. Int J Clin Exp Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.104.074515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Payros D, Garofalo M, Pierron A, Soler-Vasco L, Al-Ayoubi C, Maruo VM, Alassane-Kpembi I, Pinton P, Oswald IP. Les mycotoxines en alimentation humaine : un défi pour la recherche. Cahiers de Nutrition et de Diététique 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cnd.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Garofalo M, Quintavalle C, Di Leva G, Zanca C, Romano G, Taccioli C, Liu CG, Croce CM, Condorelli G. Correction: MicroRNA signatures of TRAIL resistance in human non-small cell lung cancer. Oncogene 2021; 40:1204. [PMID: 33398039 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01608-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Garofalo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, IEOS, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C Quintavalle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, IEOS, Naples, Italy
| | - G Di Leva
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C Zanca
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, IEOS, Naples, Italy
| | - G Romano
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, IEOS, Naples, Italy
| | - C Taccioli
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C G Liu
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C M Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - G Condorelli
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. .,Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNR, IEOS, Naples, Italy. .,Facoltàdi Scienze Biotecnologiche, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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13
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Lupo M, Faggin E, Rattazzi M, Garofalo M, Camera M, Poggio P, Ferri N. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) stimulates a procalcific response in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Capitani S, Dimopoulos P, Frezzotti R, Garofalo M, Kostrzewa B, Pittler F, Rossi GC, Urbach C. Dynamical Generation of Elementary Fermion Mass: First Lattice Evidence. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:061802. [PMID: 31491142 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.061802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Using lattice simulations we demonstrate from first principles the existence of a nonperturbative mechanism for elementary particle mass generation in models with gauge fields, fermions, and scalars, if an exact invariance forbids power divergent fermion masses and fermionic chiral symmetries broken at UV scale are maximally restored. We show that in the Nambu-Goldstone phase a fermion mass term, unrelated to the Yukawa operator, is dynamically generated. In models with electroweak interactions weak boson masses are also generated, opening new scenarios for beyond the standard model physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Capitani
- Goethe U. Frankfurt, Inst. f. Theor. Phys, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - P Dimopoulos
- Centro Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, 00184 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - R Frezzotti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - M Garofalo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - B Kostrzewa
- HISKP (Theory), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Nussallee 14-16, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - F Pittler
- HISKP (Theory), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Nussallee 14-16, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - G C Rossi
- Centro Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, 00184 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Urbach
- HISKP (Theory), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Nussallee 14-16, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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15
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D'Alessandro M, Poli L, Lai Q, Gaeta A, Nazzari C, Garofalo M, Nudo F, Della Pietra F, Bachetoni A, Sargentini V, Angeloni A, Berloco P, Pretagostini R. Automated Intelligent Microscopy for the Recognition of Decoy Cells in Urine Samples of Kidney Transplant Patients. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:157-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Tinti F, Umbro I, Poli L, Cappoli A, Garofalo M, Bachetoni A, D'Alessandro M, Lai S, Berloco P, Mitterhofer A. Long-term Glomerular Filtration Rate and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Stage Stability After Conversion to Once-Daily Tacrolimus in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:147-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.04.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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17
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Giovanardi F, Nudo F, Lai Q, Garofalo M, Consolo A, Choppin De Janvry E, Arroyo Murillo GA, Ursi P, Stabile D, Melandro F, Berloco PB, Pretagostini R, Poli L. Surgical Technique Notes of Arterial Vascular Reconstruction During Kidney Transplantation: Personal Experience and Literature Review. Transplant Proc 2018; 51:128-131. [PMID: 30661896 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial vascular anomalies in patients undergoing kidney transplantation (KT) are correlated with a higher incidence of early surgical complications, potentially causing graft loss. Arterial reconstruction allows patients to overcome these surgical challenges, thus minimizing the risk of poor outcomes. The aim of the present study is to retrospectively investigate the safety and effectiveness of the multiple arterial reconstruction technique with a Teflon patch in case of an unavailable aortic patch: to do so, surgical complications, graft function, and patient survival were evaluated. METHODS During the period January 2009 to August 2016, 202 adult deceased-donor KTs were performed at our center. Group A (n = 27; reconstruction of multiple arteries) and Group B (n = 175; control group) were compared. RESULTS No differences were observed between the 2 groups in terms of early postoperative course, with no vascular complication observed in Group A. No vascular patch infections were reported, nor longer cold ischemia time rates. Similarly, long-term survival rates were similar between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS The Teflon-patch arterial reconstruction technique appears to be safe and effective, with an acceptable balance of benefits and potential risks of using a prosthetic material. Studies based on larger series are needed to further validate this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Giovanardi
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F Nudo
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Q Lai
- Hepato-bilio-pancreatic and Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Garofalo
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Consolo
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - E Choppin De Janvry
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G A Arroyo Murillo
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - P Ursi
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - D Stabile
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F Melandro
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - P B Berloco
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Pretagostini
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - L Poli
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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18
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Garofalo M, Saari H, Somersalo P, Crescenti D, Kuryk L, Aksela L, Capasso C, Madetoja M, Koskinen K, Oksanen T, Mäkitie A, Jalasvuori M, Cerullo V, Ciana P, Yliperttula M. Antitumor effect of oncolytic virus and paclitaxel encapsulated in extracellular vesicles for lung cancer treatment. J Control Release 2018; 283:223-234. [PMID: 29864473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Standard of care for cancer is commonly a combination of surgery with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. However, in some advanced cancer patients this approach might still remaininefficient and may cause many side effects, including severe complications and even death. Oncolytic viruses exhibit different anti-cancer mechanisms compared with conventional therapies, allowing the possibility for improved effect in cancer therapy. Chemotherapeutics combined with oncolytic viruses exhibit stronger cytotoxic responses and oncolysis. Here, we have investigated the systemic delivery of the oncolytic adenovirus and paclitaxel encapsulated in extracellular vesicles (EV) formulation that, in vitro, significantly increased the transduction ratio and the infectious titer when compared with the virus and paclitaxel alone. We demonstrated that the obtained EV formulation reduced the in vivo tumor growth in animal xenograft model of human lung cancer. Indeed, we found that combined treatment of oncolytic adenovirus and paclitaxel encapsulated in EV has enhanced anticancer effects both in vitro and in vivo in lung cancer models. Transcriptomic comparison carried out on the explanted xenografts from the different treatment groups revealed that only 5.3% of the differentially expressed genes were overlapping indicating that a de novo genetic program is triggered by the presence of the encapsulated paclitaxel: this novel genetic program might be responsible of the observed enhanced antitumor effect. Our work provides a promising approach combining anticancer drugs and viral therapies by intravenous EV delivery as a strategy for the lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garofalo
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Centre for Drug Research, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5, Helsinki 00790, Finland; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan 20133, Italy.
| | - H Saari
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Centre for Drug Research, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5, Helsinki 00790, Finland
| | - P Somersalo
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Centre for Drug Research, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5, Helsinki 00790, Finland; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - D Crescenti
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - L Kuryk
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Centre for Drug Research, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5, Helsinki 00790, Finland; National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, Department of Virology, 24 Chocimska str, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland; Targovax Oy, R&D, Clinical Science, R&D, Saukonpaadenranta 2, 00180 Helsinki, Finland
| | - L Aksela
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Centre for Drug Research, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5, Helsinki 00790, Finland
| | - C Capasso
- Laboratory of ImmunoViroTherapy, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5, Helsinki 00790, Finland
| | - M Madetoja
- Made Consulting, Tykistökatu 4 B, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - K Koskinen
- Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Survontie 9C, 40500, Finland
| | - T Oksanen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Centre for Drug Research, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5, Helsinki 00790, Finland
| | - A Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 263, FI_00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Jalasvuori
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Centre for Drug Research, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5, Helsinki 00790, Finland; Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Survontie 9C, 40500, Finland
| | - V Cerullo
- Laboratory of ImmunoViroTherapy, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5, Helsinki 00790, Finland
| | - P Ciana
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - M Yliperttula
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences and Centre for Drug Research, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5, Helsinki 00790, Finland.
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19
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Poli L, Arroyo G, Garofalo M, Choppin de Janvry E, Intini G, Saracino A, Pretagostini R, Della Pietra F, Berloco PB. Kidney Transplantation in Alström Syndrome: Case Report. Transplant Proc 2017; 49:733-735. [PMID: 28457383 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The Alström syndrome is a rare genetic disorder, inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. It has recently been classified as a ciliopathic disorder. Alström syndrome is a multiorgan pathology characterized by cone-rod dystrophy, hearing loss, childhood truncal obesity, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, short stature in adulthood, hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, dilated or restrictive cardiomyopathy, and progressive pulmonary, hepatic, and renal dysfunction. End-stage renal disease can occur as early as the late teens and is the leading cause of death. More than 900 people with Alström syndrome have been reported worldwide. We present a case of a 42-year-old man affected by this syndrome with end-stage renal disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and loss of visual function and hearing who received a kidney transplant from a cadaveric donor. Basiliximab and steroid were used as induction therapy. Tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and steroid were used as maintenance therapy. No complications were reported during the recovery. In selected patients affected by Alström syndrome, renal transplantation can be a successful treatment for chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Poli
- UOC Chirurgia Generale e Trapianti d'Organo, La Sapienza Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.
| | - G Arroyo
- UOC Chirurgia Generale e Trapianti d'Organo, La Sapienza Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - M Garofalo
- UOC Chirurgia Generale e Trapianti d'Organo, La Sapienza Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - E Choppin de Janvry
- UOC Chirurgia Generale e Trapianti d'Organo, La Sapienza Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - G Intini
- UOC Chirurgia Generale e Trapianti d'Organo, La Sapienza Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - A Saracino
- UOC Nefrologia, Coordinamento Regionale Trapianti Basilicata, Ospedale Madonna delle Grazie, Matera, Italy
| | - R Pretagostini
- UOC Chirurgia Generale e Trapianti d'Organo, La Sapienza Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - F Della Pietra
- UOC Chirurgia Generale e Trapianti d'Organo, La Sapienza Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - P B Berloco
- UOC Chirurgia Generale e Trapianti d'Organo, La Sapienza Università di Roma, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
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20
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Zhong H, van Soest J, Wang J, Valentini V, Geng H, Huang M, Cheng C, Garofalo M, Hong T, Lerma F, Keech J, Anne P, Perera F, Oldenburg N, Parikh P, DeNittis A, Zaki B, Nowlan A, Zhang B, Dekker A, Zhang Z, Xiao Y. External Validation of the European Rectal Cancer Prognosis Model Using NRG Oncology RTOG 0822 Clinical Trial Data. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Pretagostini R, Poli L, Lai Q, Russo G, Nudo F, Garofalo M, Melandro F, Gaeta A, Nazzari C, Fazio C, Di Simone E, Vullo V, Berloco P. Pre-Emptive Therapy for the Treatment of Cytomegalovirus After Kidney Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2017; 49:638-641. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Quintavalle C, Incoronato M, Puca L, Acunzo M, Zanca C, Romano G, Garofalo M, Iaboni M, Croce CM, Condorelli G. c-FLIPL enhances anti-apoptotic Akt functions by modulation of Gsk3β activity. Cell Death Differ 2017; 24:1134. [PMID: 28106885 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2010.65.
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23
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Pretagostini R, Lai Q, Pettorini L, Garofalo M, Poli L, Melandro F, Montalto GM, Berloco PB. Multiple Organ Failure Associated With Coxsackie Virus in a Kidney Transplant Patient: Case Report. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:438-40. [PMID: 27109973 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Viral myocarditis can emerge with various symptoms, including fatal arrhythmia and cardiogenic shock, potentially evolving in chronic myocarditis or dilatative cardiomyopathy. We report a case of a kidney transplant patient affected by coxsackie viral myocarditis. METHODS A 49-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with dyspnea and fever in August 2014. He underwent living donor kidney transplantation in 1986 and polar graft resection for papillary carcinoma in 2012. RESULTS The initial investigation showed pulmonary congestion, pancreatitis, increased serum troponin I, and increased liver enzyme levels. Echocardiogram revealed an ejection fraction (EF) of 20% and PAPS 45 mm Hg. He underwent coronary stent implantation, started hemodialysis, and continued on low-dose steroid immunosuppressive therapy. The clinical course improved rapidly, but endomyocardial biopsy showed acute myocarditis. Further investigation revealed a high antibody titer against coxsackievirus B4 and B5. Pancreatic enzyme levels normalized 2 months after patient admission; his cardiac condition improved after 6 months. The patient has been followed for 1 year, and his left ventricular EF is stable (45%). CONCLUSIONS Viral myocarditis represents a serious clinical condition requiring a fast therapeutic intervention. This patient's clinical course suggests that changes in his immunosuppressive therapy were associated with progressive amelioration of his viral myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pretagostini
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Q Lai
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila University, L'Aqulia, Italy
| | - L Pettorini
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - M Garofalo
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - L Poli
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - F Melandro
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - G M Montalto
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - P B Berloco
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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24
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Capasso C, Magarkar A, Cervera Carrascon V, Müller M, Garofalo M, Kuryk L, Fusciello M, Ylösmäki E, Bunker A, Cerullo V. Enhanced anti-cancer vaccines with a new epitope improvement system. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw525.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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25
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Pretagostini R, Poli L, Pettorini L, Lai Q, Garofalo M, Melandro F, Nudo F, Rossi M, Casciaro G, Della Pietra F, Berloco PB. Delayed Introduction of Everolimus in De Novo Renal Transplanted Patients: A Single-Center Experience. Transplant Proc 2016; 48:326-8. [PMID: 27109947 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunosuppressive protocols containing everolimus (EVR) preserve good renal function in kidney transplantation (KT), although they are often complicated by several adverse events. We have evaluated the efficacy and safety of a protocol with late (1 month after KT) EVR introduction. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study randomized 49 de novo patients undergoing KT between September 2012 and June 2014 into 2 groups: group A (n = 24) with late EVR introduction and tacrolimus reduction, and group B (control group; n = 25) with a standard immunosuppressive regimen. Primary aims were 1-year patient and graft survivals and acute rejection rates. Secondary aims were related to wound, metabolic, and hematologic complications. RESULTS Patient and graft survivals were similar in both groups. One year after KT, median serum creatinine was inferior in group A (1.4 vs 1.8 mg/dL; P = .004). Late acute rejection (8.3 vs 12.0%; P = 1.0) and wound complication (4.2 vs 4.0%; P = 1.0) rates were similar. Higher cholesterol and triglycerides and lower platelets and hemoglobin levels were observed in group A. CONCLUSIONS In our experience, delayed introduction of EVR shows similar results with respect to its early introduction, contemporaneously presenting fewer wound complications and lymphoceles. A higher rate of metabolic and hematologic complications are, however, observed in patients under EVR therapy. Further multicenter studies should be performed to confirm these preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pretagostini
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - L Poli
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - L Pettorini
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Q Lai
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila University, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - M Garofalo
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - F Melandro
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - F Nudo
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - M Rossi
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - G Casciaro
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - F Della Pietra
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - P B Berloco
- Department of General Surgery and Transplantation "P. Stefanini", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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Borioni R, Tomai F, Garofalo M. Re: 'Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Long-Term Survival After Elective Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair 1969-2011. Five Year Survival Remains Poor Despite Advances in Medical Care and Treatment Strategies'. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2016; 51:463. [PMID: 26776706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Borioni
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, 00149 Rome, Italy.
| | - F Tomai
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - M Garofalo
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, 00149 Rome, Italy
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27
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Pretagostini R, Poli L, Gozzer M, Pettorini L, Garofalo M, Novelli S, Cinti P, Berloco P. Plasmapheresis, Photopheresis, and Endovenous Immunoglobulin in Acute Antibody-mediated Rejection in Kidney Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:2142-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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28
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Borioni R, Tomai F, Garofalo M. Re: 'Long-term Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial Analyzing the Role of Systematic Pre-operative Coronary Angiography Before Elective Carotid Endarterectomy in Patients with Asymptomatic Coronary Artery Disease'. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2015; 50:387. [PMID: 26189607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Borioni
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, Rome 00149, Italy.
| | - F Tomai
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, Rome 00149, Italy
| | - M Garofalo
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, European Hospital, Via Portuense 700, Rome 00149, Italy
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29
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Guglielmo N, Montalto GM, Della Pietra F, Garofalo M, Mennini G, Melandro F, Berloco PB. Spontaneous Bilateral Adrenal Haemorrhage after Duodenopancreatectomy: a case report. Clin Ter 2015; 166:e111-3. [PMID: 25945442 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2015.1831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
it is difficult to diagnose because of its nonspecific presentation. This condition frequently occurs in association with an extreme physical stress and may lead to acute adrenal insufficiency or death if not promptly and properly treated. We report a rare case of acute bilateral adrenal hemorrhage with adrenal insufficiency following duodenopancreatectomy for ampulloma in absence of surgical complications. Early diagnosis and corticosteroid replacement with aggressive management of the precipitating pathology are essential to enable a successful outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Guglielmo
- Department "Paride Stefanini", General Surgery and Organ Transplant, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - G M Montalto
- Department "Paride Stefanini", General Surgery and Organ Transplant, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - F Della Pietra
- Department "Paride Stefanini", General Surgery and Organ Transplant, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - M Garofalo
- Department "Paride Stefanini", General Surgery and Organ Transplant, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - G Mennini
- Department "Paride Stefanini", General Surgery and Organ Transplant, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - F Melandro
- Department "Paride Stefanini", General Surgery and Organ Transplant, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - P B Berloco
- Department "Paride Stefanini", General Surgery and Organ Transplant, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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30
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Hong T, Moughan J, Garofalo M, Bendell J, Berger A, Oldenburg N, Anne P, Perera F, Lee R, Jabbour S, Nowlan A, DeNittis A, Crane C. Efficacy Outcomes from RTOG 0822: A Phase II Study of Neoadjuvant IMRT with Capecitabine (c) and Oxaliplatin (o) in Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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31
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Iovine B, Garofalo M, Orefice M, Giannini V, Gasparri F, Monfrecola G, Bevilacqua MA. Isoflavones in aglycone solution enhance ultraviolet B-induced DNA damage repair efficiency. Clin Exp Dermatol 2014; 39:391-4. [DOI: 10.1111/ced.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Iovine
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - M. Garofalo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - M. Orefice
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - V. Giannini
- Rottapharm-Madaus Dermo-Cosmetic R & D Division; Monza Italy
| | - F. Gasparri
- Rottapharm-Madaus Dermo-Cosmetic R & D Division; Monza Italy
| | - G. Monfrecola
- Section of Dermatology; Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
| | - M. A. Bevilacqua
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology; University of Naples Federico II; Naples Italy
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Borioni R, De Persio G, Leporace M, Di Capua C, Boggi U, Garofalo M. Endovascular treatment of multiple anomalous splenic artery aneurysms in a Jehovah witness. G Chir 2013; 34:42-45. [PMID: 23463933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present report describes a full endovascular treatment of a multiple anomalous (Splenic artery aneurysms) SAA with combination of coils embolization and proximal occlusion of the splenic artery with the Amplatzer vascular plug. CASE REPORT A 53-year-old Jehovah witness woman presented with multiple aneurysms arising from an anomalous splenic artery. An endovascular treatment was performed by implantation of multiple coils and an Amplatzer Vascular Plug. A CT scan 2 months after the procedure showed complete thrombosis of the aneurysms. DISCUSSION Aneurysms involving an anomalous or aberrant splenic artery are rarely reported in the literature. Their surgical treatment involves potential difficulties as a consequence of anatomical position and vascular anomalies. A fully endovascular technique can be much more attractive compared to any surgical management, providing an effective and minimally invasive option.
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33
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Quintavalle C, Donnarumma E, Iaboni M, Roscigno G, Garofalo M, Romano G, Fiore D, De Marinis P, Croce CM, Condorelli G. Effect of miR-21 and miR-30b/c on TRAIL-induced apoptosis in glioma cells. Oncogene 2012; 32:4001-8. [PMID: 22964638 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most frequent brain tumor in adults and is the most lethal form of human cancer. Despite the improvements in treatments, survival of patients remains poor. To define novel pathways that regulate susceptibility to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in glioma, we have performed genome-wide expression profiling of microRNAs (miRs). We show that in TRAIL-resistant glioma cells, levels of different miRs are increased, and in particular, miR-30b/c and -21. We demonstrate that these miRs impair TRAIL-dependent apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of key functional proteins. T98G-sensitive cells treated with miR-21 or -30b/c become resistant to TRAIL. Furthermore, we demonstrate that miR-30b/c and miR-21 target respectively the 3' untranslated region of caspase-3 and TAp63 mRNAs, and that those proteins mediate some of the effects of miR-30 and -21 on TRAIL resistance, even in human glioblastoma primary cells and in lung cancer cells. In conclusion, we show that high expression levels of miR-21 and -30b/c are needed to maintain the TRAIL-resistant phenotype, thus making these miRs as promising therapeutic targets for TRAIL resistance in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Quintavalle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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34
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Borioni R, Weltert L, De Paulis R, Bellisario A, Maselli D, Tomai F, Garofalo M. Early results of synchronous carotid endarterectomy and off-pump coronary revascularization. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2012; 53:363-367. [PMID: 22269891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study reports results of synchronous carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in further support of the hypothesis that carotid and coronary artery revascularization can be safely performed in most patients. METHODS The series includes 74 consecutive patients underwent synchronous CEA and off-pump CABG (group A) compared with 50 patients undergoing synchronous CEA and on-pump CABG (group B). Primary endpoint of this study are death, stroke, perioperative myocardial infarction and need for repeated revascularization within 30 days of the procedures. The secondary endpoint includes local and systemic complications. RESULTS No stroke was observed in group A. Ipsilateral minor stroke occurred in two patients of group B (4%). Two deaths within 30 days were observed in group A (2.7%) compared with 4 deaths in group B (8%). Combined stroke/death rate at 30 days was 2.7% in group A compared with 12% in group B (P< 0.05). No significant differences in myocardial infarction, local and systemic complications were observed. CONCLUSION Synchronous CEA and off-pump CABG may reduce the high surgical risk of patients who actually require combined carotid and coronary revascularization. This opinion has to be substantiated by larger studies and randomized trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Borioni
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, European Hospital, Rome, Italy.
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35
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Garofalo M, Quintavalle C, Romano G, Croce CM, Condorelli G. miR221/222 in cancer: their role in tumor progression and response to therapy. Curr Mol Med 2012; 12:27-33. [PMID: 22082479 DOI: 10.2174/156652412798376170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs of ~24 nt that can block mRNA translation and/or negatively regulate its stability. There is a large body of evidence that dysregulation of miRNAs is a hallmark of cancer. miRNAs are often aberrantly expressed and their function is linked to the regulation of oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes involved in cell signaling pathway. miR-221 and miR-222 are two highly homologous microRNAs, whose upregulation has been recently described in several types of human tumors. miR-221/222 have been considered to act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, depending on tumor system. Silencing oncomiRs or gene therapy approaches, based on re-expression of miRNAs that are down-regulated in cancer cells, could represent a novel anti-tumor approach for integrated cancer therapy. Here we will review the role of miR-221/222 in cancer progression and their use as prognostic and therapeutic tools in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garofalo
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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36
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Sharma N, Nichols E, Grabowski S, Amin P, Garofalo M, Hanlon A, Hanna N, Patel R, Horiba M, Moeslein F. PO-405 EARLY INTERVENTION WITH SELECTIVE INTERNAL RADIATION THERAPY (SIRT) IMPROVES SURVIVAL AND LOCAL/SYSTEMIC OPTIONS. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)72371-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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37
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Levi Sandri GB, Lai Q, Melandro F, Guglielmo N, Garofalo M, Morabito V, Cirelli C, Lucatelli P, Di Laudo M, Rossi M, Berloco PB. Hepatic resection for giant haemangioma in a patient with a contemporaneous adult polycystic liver disease. Clin Ter 2012; 163:401-402. [PMID: 23099970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic resection for giant haemangioma in a patient with a contemporaneous adult polycystic liver disease. According to Gigot classification, and to the characteristics of haemangioma surgery in these patients can be considered safe. We report the case of a 55 year-old man affected by an adult polycystic liver disease (PCLD) and a contemporaneous symptomatic haemangioma of the III segment. At the preoperative imaging scans, APCLD was classified in a type II grading according to Gigot classification. The patient underwent surgery: a wedge resection of the III segment with the exportation of the haemangioma and a fenestration of a large cyst placed in the VIII segment were performed. Post-operative course was regular and the patient was discharged uneventfully in post-operative 9th day, with a total regress of the initial symptoms. APCLD and haemangioma are two benign conditions that do not require surgery except if they cause important symptoms, such as pain. The good clinical conditions of the patient, the moderate gravity of the APCLD and the particular exofitic localisation of the cavernous haemangioma gave us the possibility to make a safe surgery for the patient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case reported in literature in which a liver resection for haemangioma in patient with APCLD was performed. In conclusion, liver resection for haemangioma is not contraindicated, mainly if it is symptomatic, even in the contemporaneous presence of an APCLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Levi Sandri
- Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplantation, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
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38
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Levi Sandri GB, Lai Q, Morabito V, Garofalo M, Guglielmo N, Melandro F, Di Laudo M, Montalto G, Lucatelli P, Berloco PB. Later diagnosed with a neuroendocrine tumor, case report of a 60-year-old. Clin Ter 2012; 163:e325-e326. [PMID: 23099981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumours of the colon and rectum are infrequent. Clinical manifestations are not different from standard adenocarcinoma. Symptoms are non specific; the most common are abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, weight loss and gastrointestinal blood loss. We report an advanced case of transverse colon neuroendocrine carcinoma with multiple metastasis. When these tumours are diagnosed, they have distance disease related to a poor prognosis for the patient. Surgery is the treatment that can offer a greater chance of survival to these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Levi Sandri
- Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplantation, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
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39
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Nichols E, Grabowski S, Hanlon A, Regine W, Patel R, Kudryasheva S, Moeslein F, Garofalo M, Amin P, Sharma N. Performance Status (PS), Number of Lesions and Interval from Metastatic Diagnosis to Treatment (IMDTT) Predict for Overall Survival (OS) in Patients Treated with Hepatic Transarterial Radioembolization (TARE) with Yttrium-90 (Y90) Microspheres. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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40
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Grabowski S, Nichols E, Kudryasheva S, Patel R, Garofalo M, Amin P, Moeslein F, Regine W, Sharma N. The Efficacy of Selective Internal Radiation Therapy (SIRT) With Yttrium-90 (Y90) is Enhanced When Given in Low Volume Disease and in Conjunction With Other Liver-Directed Therapies. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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Lai Q, Levi Sandri GB, Melandro F, Di Laudo M, Garofalo M, Guglielmo N, Grieco M, Di Tondo U, Rossi M, Berloco PB. An unusual case of hepatic carcinosarcoma. G Chir 2011; 32:372-373. [PMID: 22018259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report a rare case of a hepatic carcinosarcoma with rabdomyosarcomatous differentiation in its sarcomatous component. A 71-year old Caucasian female patient underwent a liver resection for a 4-cm lesion developed on an underlying HCV-related cirrhosis. Post-operative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged 5 days after surgery. At pathology, the tumor presented the features of hepatocellular carcinoma and rhabdomyosarcoma Three months later the patient experienced a liver recurrence, dying 2 months later for systemic disease. The reported case presents several peculiarities, i.e. the female gender, the HCV-related cirrhotic status, and the European origin of the patient. However, the outcome of our case confirms that this neoplasm pursues a highly aggressive course with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Lai
- Department of General Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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42
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Quintavalle C, Garofalo M, Zanca C, Romano G, Iaboni M, del Basso De Caro M, Martinez-Montero JC, Incoronato M, Nuovo G, Croce CM, Condorelli G. miR-221/222 overexpession in human glioblastoma increases invasiveness by targeting the protein phosphate PTPμ. Oncogene 2011; 31:858-68. [PMID: 21743492 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most frequent brain tumor in adults and is the most lethal form of human cancer. Despite the improvements in treatments, survival of patients remains poor. In order to identify microRNAs (miRs) involved in glioma tumorigenesis, we evaluated, by a miRarray, differential expression of miRs in the tumorigenic glioma LN-18, LN-229 and U87MG cells compared with the non-tumorigenic T98G cells. Among different miRs we focused our attention on miR-221 and -222. We demonstrated the presence of a binding site for these two miRs in the 3' untranslated region of the protein tyrosine phosphatase μ (PTPμ). Previous studies indicated that PTPμ suppresses cell migration and is downregulated in glioblastoma. Significantly, we found that miR-221 and -222 overexpression induced a downregulation of PTPμ as analyzed by both western blot and real-time PCR. Furthermore, miR-222 and -221 induced an increase in cell migration and growth in soft agar in glioma cells. Interestingly, the re-expression of PTPμ gene was able to revert the miR-222 and -221 effects on cell migration. Furthermore, we found an inverse correlation between miR-221 and -222 and PTPμ in human glioma cancer samples. In conclusion, our results suggest that miR-221 and -222 regulate glioma tumorigenesis at least in part through the control of PTPμ protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Quintavalle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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43
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Acunzo M, Visone R, Romano G, Veronese A, Lovat F, Palmieri D, Bottoni A, Garofalo M, Gasparini P, Condorelli G, Chiariello M, Croce CM. miR-130a targets MET and induces TRAIL-sensitivity in NSCLC by downregulating miR-221 and 222. Oncogene 2011; 31:634-42. [PMID: 21706050 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for ∼80% of all lung cancers. Although some advances in lung cancer therapy have been made, patient survival is still quite poor. Two microRNAs, miR-221 and miR-222, upregulated by the MET proto-oncogene, have been already described to enhance cell survival and to induce TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) resistance in NSCLC cell lines, through the downregulation of p27(kip1), PTEN and TIMP3. Here, we further investigated this pathway and showed that miR-130a, expressed at low level in lung cancer cell lines, by targeting MET was able to reduce TRAIL resistance in NSCLC cells through the c-Jun-mediated downregulation of miR-221 and miR-222. Moreover, we found that miR-130a reduced migratory capacity of NSCLC. A better understanding of MET-miR-221 and 222 axis regulation in drug resistance is the key in developing new strategies in NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Acunzo
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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44
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Lai Q, Nudo F, Levi Sandri G, Melandro F, Ferretti S, Grieco M, Garofalo M, Poli L, Pretagostini R, Berloco P. Survival after Kidney Transplantation Does Not Differ with 50–59- or Over 60-Year-Old Expanded-Criteria Donors. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:1030-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.01.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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45
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Quintavalle C, Incoronato M, Puca L, Acunzo M, Zanca C, Romano G, Garofalo M, Iaboni M, Croce CM, Condorelli G. c-FLIPL enhances anti-apoptotic Akt functions by modulation of Gsk3β activity. Cell Death Differ 2010; 17:1908-16. [PMID: 20508645 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2010.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Akt is a serine-threonine kinase that has an important role in transducing survival signals. Akt also regulates a number of proteins involved in the apoptotic process. To find new Akt interactors, we performed a two-hybrid screening in yeast using full-length Akt cDNA as bait and a human cDNA heart library as prey. Among 200 clones obtained, two of them were identified as coding for the c-FLIP(L) protein. c-FLIP(L) is an endogenous inhibitor of death receptor-induced apoptosis through the caspase-8 pathway. Using co-immunoprecipitation experiments of either transfected or endogenous proteins, we confirmed the interaction between Akt and c-FLIP(L). Furthermore, we observed that c-FLIP(L) overexpression interferes with Gsk3-β phosphorylation levels. Moreover, through its effects on Gsk3β, c-FLIP(L) overexpression in cancer cells induced resistance to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). This effect was mediated by the regulation of p27(Kip1) and caspase-3 expression. These results indicate the existence of a new mechanism of resistance to TRAIL in cancer cells, and unexpected functions of c-FLIP(L).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Quintavalle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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46
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Abstract
Death receptors, belonging to the TNF receptor superfamily, induce apoptosis through two different pathways, one involving the effector caspases directly (type I cells or mitochondria-independent death), the other one amplifying the death signal through the mitochondrial pathway (type II cells or mitochondria-dependent death). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that regulate the stability or translational efficiency of targeted messenger RNAs. MiRNAs are involved in many cellular processes that are altered in cancer, such as differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. In this review we will discuss recent findings implicating miRNAs as regulators of death receptors and pro- and antiapoptotic genes involved in programmed cell death pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garofalo
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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47
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Farsad M, Schiavina R, Franceschelli A, Sanguedolce F, Castellucci P, Bertaccini A, Brunocilla E, Manferrari F, Concetti S, Garofalo M, Rocca C, Borghesi M, Franchi R, Fanti S, Nanni C, Martorana G. Positron-emission tomography in imaging and staging prostate cancer. Cancer Biomark 2009; 4:277-84. [PMID: 18957716 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-2008-44-509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
With increasing application of positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging, familiarity with the applications of PET in genitourinary oncology, especially prostate-cancer (PCa) imaging, becomes important. PET studies provide functional information using radiolabeled tracers, with fluoro-dexoxy-glucose (FDG) being the most commonly used. Nevertheless FDG has limitations for evaluation of PCa patients and therefore alternative tracers are being investigated. To date, the best results have been obtained with 11C-choline and 11C-acetate PET, which seem to demonstrate similar values in this field. We review the current role of PET in PCa patients based on data published in the literature as well as our own experience. Most studies of PET imaging of PCa address three goals: a) detecting primary PCa; b) staging PCa; and c) assessing PCa recurrence. From available results, routine clinical use of 11C-choline PET cannot be recommended for detecting and staging primary PCa. At present, the only clinical indication for imaging PCa with 11C-choline-PET is evaluation of suspected recurrence after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Farsad
- Nuclear Medicine-PET Center, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Borioni R, Garofalo M, De Paulis R, Albano P, Caprara E, Fratticci L, Chiariello L. Surgical treatment of femoral artery pseudoaneurysms after cardiac catheterization. MINERVA CHIR 2008; 63:277-282. [PMID: 18607323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM To report a clinical experience about surgical treatment of iatrogenic peripheral artery pseudoaneurysms (FPA). METHODS This is a retrospective review of 90 consecutive patients (46 males, 44 females, mean age 66.2 years, range 33-86) with FPA complicating coronary angiography or angioplasty, observed between October 1990 through June 2006. RESULTS A 3 cm pseudoaneurysm or larger was confirmed by duplex ultrasound scanning in 90 out of 21 454 cardiac patients (0.42%), occurring more frequently in interventional (59/3 983) rather than diagnostic (31/17 471) procedures (1.48% vs 0.17%). The surgical treatment consisted in direct closure with polypropilene suture and occasionally, patch angioplasty or bypass. No limb loss occurred. There were 4 wound complications (4.4%), one pulmonary embolism (1.1%), 3 deaths (3.3%). CONCLUSION Classical results reported in literature demonstrate that the surgical repair of femoral pseudoaneurysms following cardiac catheterization is safe, effective and durable. In these series, although low major morbidity (1.1%) and no cases of limb loss were reported, the authors observed 3 death (4.4%), resulting from the severity of cardiac disease in 2 cases and from the vascular repair itself in one case (femoral endoarteritis). These results substantiate the common observation that patients who actually require invasive coronary diagnosis and treatment are often affected by advanced cardiovascular disease and suffer the occurrence of complications, having a high risk of death. Therefore, any surgical treatment should be performed with strict adherence to sound vascular surgical principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Borioni
- Vascular Unit, Aurelia Hospital, Rome, Italy.
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Garofalo M, Quintavalle C, Di Leva G, Zanca C, Romano G, Taccioli C, Liu CG, Croce CM, Condorelli G. MicroRNA signatures of TRAIL resistance in human non-small cell lung cancer. Oncogene 2008; 27:3845-55. [PMID: 18246122 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2008.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2007] [Revised: 12/21/2007] [Accepted: 01/04/2008] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
To define novel pathways that regulate susceptibility to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we have performed genome-wide expression profiling of microRNAs (miRs). We show that in TRAIL-resistant NSCLC cells, levels of different miRs are increased, and in particular, miR-221 and -222. We demonstrate that these miRs impair TRAIL-dependent apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of key functional proteins. Indeed, transfection with anti-miR-221 and -222 rendered CALU-1-resistant cells sensitive to TRAIL. Conversely, H460-sensitive cells treated with -221 and -222 pre-miRs become resistant to TRAIL. miR-221 and -222 target the 3'-UTR of Kit and p27(kip1) mRNAs, but interfere with TRAIL signaling mainly through p27(kip1). In conclusion, we show that high expression levels of miR-221 and -222 are needed to maintain the TRAIL-resistant phenotype, thus making these miRs as promising therapeutic targets or diagnostic tool for TRAIL resistance in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Garofalo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Chmura S, Garofalo M, Salama J, Silverberg W, Oh J, Roeske J. Does the dose protraction inherent to IMRT decreases tumor cell killing in vitro. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.07.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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