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Maisonneuve E, Sohier Lepine M, Maurice P, Pissard S, Lafon B, Mailloux A, Dhombres F, Leverger G, Jouannic JM. Prenatal management of fetal anemia due to pyruvate kinase deficiency: A case report. Transfusion 2023; 63:257-262. [PMID: 36349479 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyruvate Kinase (PK) deficiency is the most common enzyme defect of glycolysis, leading to congenital hemolytic anemia, which can occur during the neonatal period. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We report the prenatal management of fetal anemia related to PK deficiency in a family with a severe proband. RESULTS The couple had a first child born with hydrops, whose PK deficiency was diagnosed at 18 months of life. He was treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. The second child was free from disease. For the third pregnancy, the amniocentesis revealed a PK deficiency. Weekly ultrasound monitoring of the middle cerebral artery velocity allowed the detection of severe fetal anemia. Two intrauterine red blood cell transfusions (IUTs) were performed, raising the fetal hemoglobin from 6.6 to 14.5 g/dl at 28 weeks' gestation and from 8.9 to 15.3 g/dl at 31 weeks. A hematopoietic stem cell allograft was discussed prenatally but not chosen, as it would not have significantly changed the perinatal prognosis. The patient delivered a 2730 g girl at 37 weeks, with hemoglobin of 13.6 g/dl. The child presented with neonatal jaundice treated with phototherapy and received postnatal transfusions. DISCUSSION When a proband is identified in a family, fetal investigation is warranted, to set up third-trimester ultrasound surveillance and perinatal management. In case of fetal severe anemia of unknown etiology, the workup on fetal blood sampling before IUT should comprise the search for erythrocytes enzymopathies, such as PK deficiency. IUTs allow safer full-term delivery in cases with PK deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Maisonneuve
- Institute for Primary Health Care (BIHAM), Bern, Switzerland.,Department Woman-Mother-Child, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Fetal Medicine, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Perinatal Hemobiology (CNRHP), Clinic Unit, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marlène Sohier Lepine
- Department of Fetal Medicine, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Paul Maurice
- Department of Fetal Medicine, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Perinatal Hemobiology (CNRHP), Clinic Unit, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Serge Pissard
- Department of Genetics, APHP, GHU Henri Mondor Hospital, and IMRB-InsermU955 eq2, Créteil, France
| | - Bertrand Lafon
- Department of Fetal Medicine, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Perinatal Hemobiology (CNRHP), Clinic Unit, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Agnès Mailloux
- Centre National de Référence en Hémobiologie Périnatale (CNRHP), Biologic Unit, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Ferdinand Dhombres
- Department of Fetal Medicine, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Perinatal Hemobiology (CNRHP), Clinic Unit, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Guy Leverger
- Department of Hemato-Immuno-Oncology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marie Jouannic
- Department of Fetal Medicine, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France.,National Reference Center for Perinatal Hemobiology (CNRHP), Clinic Unit, Armand Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France
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