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Monnens M, Halajian A, Littlewood DTJ, Briscoe AG, Artois T, Vanhove MP. Can avian flyways reflect dispersal barriers of clinostomid parasites? First evidence from the mitogenome of Clinostomum complanatum. Gene X 2023; 851:146952. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Tessens B, Monnens M, Backeljau T, Jordaens K, Van Steenkiste N, Breman FC, Smeets K, Artois T. Is ‘everything everywhere’? Unprecedented cryptic diversity in the cosmopolitan flatworm
Gyratrix hermaphroditus. ZOOL SCR 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bart Tessens
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology Centre for Environmental Sciences Hasselt University Diepenbeek Belgium
| | - Marlies Monnens
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology Centre for Environmental Sciences Hasselt University Diepenbeek Belgium
| | - Thierry Backeljau
- Department of Biology Evolutionary Ecology Group University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS: Taxonomy and Phylogeny & JEMU) Brussels Belgium
| | - Kurt Jordaens
- Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA: Entomology Section & JEMU) Tervuren Belgium
| | - Niels Van Steenkiste
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology Centre for Environmental Sciences Hasselt University Diepenbeek Belgium
- Departments of Botany and Zoology University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Floris C. Breman
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINS: Taxonomy and Phylogeny & JEMU) Brussels Belgium
| | - Karen Smeets
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology Centre for Environmental Sciences Hasselt University Diepenbeek Belgium
| | - Tom Artois
- Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology Centre for Environmental Sciences Hasselt University Diepenbeek Belgium
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Gobert S, Diez YL, Monnens M, Reygel P, Steenkiste NWLVAN, Leander BS, Artois T. A revision of the genus Cheliplana de Beauchamp, 1927 (Rhabdocoela: Schizorhynchia), with the description of six new species. Zootaxa 2021; 4970:453494. [PMID: 34186884 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive morphological and taxonomic account of the members of the genus Cheliplana de Beauchamp, 1927 is presented. Six new species are described: Cheliplana asinaraensis n. sp., C. cubana n. sp., C. curacaoensis n. sp., C. hawaiiensis n. sp., C. longissima n. sp. and C. mauii n. sp. The new species are mainly distinguished from each other and from other representatives of Cheliplana by the organisation of the reproductive system and the structure of the cirrus. Furthermore, C. triductibus Van Steenkiste, Volonterio, Schockaert Artois, 2008 is considered a junior synonym of Cheliplana deverticula Ax, 2008. The two subspecies of Cheliplana asica Marcus, 1952, C. asica asica and C. asica terminalis Brunet, 1968, are considered separate species. The systematic position of the genus Dactyloplana Armonies, 2018 is discussed, and its synonymy with Cheliplana is retained. As such, this brings the total number of species of Cheliplana to 49. Finally, we provide an identification key to the members of the genus, based on characters that enable identification to species level in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Gobert
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium..
| | - Yander L Diez
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. University of Oriente, Departement of Biology and Geography, Avenida Patricio Lumumba s/n, CP 90500, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba..
| | - Marlies Monnens
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium..
| | - Patrick Reygel
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium..
| | - Niels W L VAN Steenkiste
- Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, Departments of Botany and Zoology, University of British Columbia, 3529-6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 Canada..
| | - Brian S Leander
- Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, Departments of Botany and Zoology, University of British Columbia, 3529-6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 Canada..
| | - Tom Artois
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium..
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Diez YL, Monnens M, Aguirre RI, Yurduseven R, Jouk P, VAN Steenkiste NWL, Leander BS, Schockaert E, Reygel P, Smeets K, Artois T. Taxonomy and phylogeny of Koinocystididae (Platyhelminthes, Kalyptorhynchia), with the description of three new genera and twelve new species. Zootaxa 2021; 4948:zootaxa.4948.4.1. [PMID: 33757005 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4948.4.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The taxon Koinocystididae is the third most species-rich family within Eukalyptorhynchia. However, its diversity and phylogeny have been largely neglected in former studies. We introduce three new genera and twelve new species of Koinocystididae including Simplexcystis asymmetrica gen. n. sp. n., Galapagetula cubensis sp. n., eight species of Reinhardorhynchus gen. n. and two species of Itaipusa. This raises the total number of species within Koinocystididae from 51 to 63. We also report on new distribution records for six known species: I. divae (Cuba, Panama and New Caledonia), I. karlingi (Sardinia and Lanzarote), Reinhardorhynchus riegeri comb. n. (Cuba), R. ruffinjonesi comb. n. (Cuba and Panama), Utelga heinckei (Cuba and Lanzarote), and U. pseudoheinckei (Sardinia). Simplexcystis asymmetrica gen. n. sp. n. is characterised by a male duct running eccentrically through the copulatory bulb, lack of any hard structures in the male system, lack of a bursa, and the fact that the epithelia of the female, the male, and part of the common atrium are covered by a brush border. Galapagetula cubensis sp. n. has a caudal gonopore, a divisa-type copulatory bulb with an unarmed penis papilla, and a female duct without a sphincter. The new species of Itaipusa and Reinhardorhynchus gen. n. differ from their congeners in the detailed structure of the copulatory bulb and especially the hard structures associated with it. In a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on all available 18S and 28S rDNA sequences of koinocystidids, we found support for the monophyly of the family and the genus Utelga Marcus, 1949. The genus Itaipusa is not monophyletic in that I. sinensis forms a clade with Rhinolasius dillonicus, while other species of Itaipusa that have a copulatory bulb armed with hooks form a clade together with Sekerana stolzi. As the type species of Itaipusa (I. divae) is in neither of these clades, we erected a new genus for I. sinensis (Koinogladius gen. n.) and one for species of Itaipusa having a hook-bearing copulatory bulb (Reinhardorhynchus gen. n.), respectively. Whether the remaining species of Itaipusa form a monophylum remains uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yander L Diez
- Universidad de Oriente, Biology Geography Department, Ave. Patricio Lumumba s/n, CP 90500, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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Monnens M, Thijs S, Briscoe AG, Clark M, Frost EJ, Littlewood DTJ, Sewell M, Smeets K, Artois T, Vanhove MPM. The first mitochondrial genomes of endosymbiotic rhabdocoels illustrate evolutionary relaxation of atp8 and genome plasticity in flatworms. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:454-469. [PMID: 32512097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The first three mitochondrial (mt) genomes of endosymbiotic turbellarian flatworms are characterised for the rhabdocoels Graffilla buccinicola, Syndesmis echinorum and S. kurakaikina. Interspecific comparison of the three newly obtained sequences and the only previously characterised rhabdocoel, the free-living species Bothromesostoma personatum, reveals high mt genomic variability, including numerous rearrangements. The first intrageneric comparison within rhabdocoels shows that gene order is not fully conserved even between congeneric species. Atp8, until recently assumed absent in flatworms, was putatively annotated in two sequences. Selection pressure was tested in a phylogenetic framework and is shown to be significantly relaxed in this and another protein-coding gene: cox1. If present, atp8 appears highly derived in platyhelminths and its functionality needs to be addressed in future research. Our findings for the first time allude to a large degree of undiscovered (mt) genomic plasticity in rhabdocoels. It merits further attention whether this variation is correlated with a symbiotic lifestyle. Our results illustrate that this phenomenon is widespread in flatworms as a whole and not exclusive to the better-studied neodermatans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Monnens
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Sofie Thijs
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Environmental Biology, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Andrew G Briscoe
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom.
| | - Miriam Clark
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Emily Joy Frost
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - D Tim J Littlewood
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom.
| | - Mary Sewell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Karen Smeets
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Tom Artois
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Maarten P M Vanhove
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, University of Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Zoology Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 17, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland; Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Monnens M, Frost EJ, Clark M, Sewell MA, Vanhove MPM, Artois T. Description and ecophysiology of a new species of Syndesmis Silliman, 1881 (Rhabdocoela: Umagillidae) from the sea urchin Evechinus chloroticus (Valenciennes, 1846) Mortensen, 1943 in New Zealand. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2019; 10:71-82. [PMID: 31372337 PMCID: PMC6658996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A new rhabdocoel of the genus Syndesmis Silliman, 1881 (Umagillidae) is described from the intestine of the New Zealand sea urchin Evechinus chloroticus (Valenciennes, 1846) Mortensen, 1943a. This new species, Syndesmis kurakaikina n. sp., is morphologically distinct and can easily be recognised by its very long (±1 mm) stylet and its bright-red colour. In addition to providing a formal description, we present some observations on reproduction and life history of this new species. Fecundity is comparable to that of other umagillids and the rate of egg production and development increases with temperature. Hatching in this species is induced by intestinal fluids of its host. Relevant to global warming, we assessed the effect of temperature on survival, fecundity, and development. The tests indicate that Syndesmis kurakaikina n. sp. is tolerant of a wide range of temperatures (11-25 °C) and that its temperature optimum lies between 18.0 and 21.5 °C. Egg viability is, however, significantly compromised at the higher end of this temperature range, with expelled egg capsules often being deformed and showing increasingly lower rates of hatching. Given this, a rise in global temperature might increase the risk of Syndesmis kurakaikina n. sp. infecting new hosts and would possibly facilitate the spread of these endosymbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Monnens
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Emily J Frost
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Miriam Clark
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mary A Sewell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Maarten P M Vanhove
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-611 37, Brno, Czech Republic.,Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, University of Leuven, Charles Debériotstraat 32, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Zoology Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 17, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tom Artois
- Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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