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Bastos RF, Tuleski GLR, Sousa MG. QT interval instability and QRS interval dispersion in healthy cats and cats with a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy phenotype. J Feline Med Surg 2023; 25:1098612X231151479. [PMID: 36745542 PMCID: PMC10812083 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x231151479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common heart disease in cats. Electrocardiographic (ECG) analysis can help with the diagnosis of HCM and also in the investigation of the secondary consequences of the disease. This study investigated ECG markers of QT interval variability (total instability [TI], short-term instability [STI], long-term instability [LTI], QT variance [QTv]), mean QT interval (QTa) and QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTac), as well as the duration (QRSd) and dispersion (QRSv) of the QRS interval in healthy cats and in those with HCM. METHODS Data were collected from 63 domestic cats: 40 in the control group and 23 in the HCM group. Fifty consecutive QT intervals were recorded for all cats and then QTa, QTac, QTv, TI, LTI and STI were calculated. QRSd and QRSv were also obtained for all animals. A Mann-Whitney U-test was used for group comparison. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of all markers for HCM. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the risks of cats having HCM, based on the studied indexes. RESULTS QTa (P <0.01), QTac (P <0.01), QRSd (P <0.01) and STI (P = 0.02) were higher in the HCM group. QTa >158.8 ms, QTac >27.4 ms and QRSd >0.045 s had an accuracy of 77.4%, 68.2% and 80.9%, respectively, in detecting HCM. Logistic regression showed that cats with QTa >158 ms, QTac >27.4 ms and QRSd >0.045 s had a 1.58-, 1,23- and 6.5-fold higher risk, respectively, of developing HCM. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Cats with HCM had higher ventricular instability as assessed by STI and showed a prolongation of the QT and QRS intervals via the QTa, QTac and QRSd markers. These markers show potential as ancillary screening tools for identifying the presence of HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Franco Bastos
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Giovana LR Tuleski
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Marlos Gonçalves Sousa
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
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Vila BDCP, Vanhoni MS, Sousa MG. QT interval instability and variability in dogs with naturally-occurring hypercortisolism. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:121-130. [PMID: 35575953 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-09936-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hypercortisolism is one of the most common endocrine diseases in dogs. In humans, it is clearly associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events, but studies in dogs are scarce. To investigate the arrhythmogenic risk of dogs with naturally-occurring hypercortisolism (NOHC), indices of variability and instability of the QT interval were retrospectively studied in 38 dogs with NOHC and prospectively studied in 12 healthy dogs: variance (QTv), total instability (TI), short-term (STI) and long-term (LTI), and mean (QTm). Except for QTm, all parameters studied were higher in the NOHC group than in the control group. In addition, STI and QTv showed moderate positive correlation with left ventricle wall thickness. The NOHC group was subdivided according to cortisol suppression pattern in the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test. All electrocardiographic indices of partial and absent suppression patterns were numerically higher than healthy dogs. QTv and TI were lower in the control group than in both NOHC subgroups. LTI and STI were lower in the CG than in the group with the partial suppression pattern. There was no statistical difference between sex groups in any of the electrocardiographic parameters studied. This result might indicate that the etiology of NOHC, and its consequent influence on hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis could interfere on the heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization parameters in different ways, especially in the short-term and the long-term stability; however further studies are necessary to understand the role of cortisol on electrical instability in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz de Carvalho Pato Vila
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil.
| | - Marcela Sigolo Vanhoni
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil
| | - Marlos Gonçalves Sousa
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil
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Bastos RF, Tuleski GLR, Franco LFC, Sousa MG. Tpeak—Tend, a novel electrocardiographic marker in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy—a brief communication. Vet Res Commun 2022; 47:559-565. [DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-10004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Oliveira ECD, Prieto WDS, Oliveira WJD, Brunkow C, Sousa MG, Froes TR. Aplasia segmentar da veia cava caudal, comunicação cavo-ázigos e aneurisma em cão: Relato de caso. Pubvet 2022. [DOI: 10.31533/pubvet.v16n11a1263.1-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As falhas nos processos embriológicos são uma das principais causas de anomalias vasculares em cães. Dentre elas destaca-se a aplasia segmentar da veia cava caudal com shunt cavo-ázigos. Usualmente, os cães com essa anormalidade não apresentam sinais clínicos diferentemente do paciente relatado neste estudo. Um cão macho de oito meses de idade, Border Collie foi atendido com sinais clínicos de incoordenação motora e intolerância ao exercício. Após descartar anomalias cardíacas pelo exame ecocardiográfico e detecção de anormalidade vascular abdominal, a angio tomografia foi utilizada para abordagem diagnóstica. O objetivo do relato de caso é apresentar os aspectos ultrassonográficos e angio tomográficos de um cão jovem com aplasia segmentar da veia cava caudal associada a shunt cavo-ázigos, consequentes aneurismas apresentando sinais clínicos de incoordenação e intolerância ao exercício.
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Oliveira WJD, Germano PC, Endrigh M, Costa BND, Bueno ALB, Barbosa CK, Sousa RSD, Stedile STDO, Sousa MG. Tromboembolismo arterial em felino decorrente de cardiomiopatia restritiva: Relato de caso. Pubvet 2022. [DOI: 10.31533/pubvet.v16n11a1266.1-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
O tromboembolismo arterial (TEA), é uma síndrome caracterizada pela formação de trombos que atingem a corrente sanguínea e podem se depositar nas artérias causando uma série de complicações. As cardiomiopatias que induzem aumento do átrio esquerdo dos gatos, é o fator predisponente à ocorrência da síndrome. O diagnóstico do TEA é feito através dos sinais clínicos e exames complementares, principalmente o ecocardiograma. A terapia antitrombótica é indicada como primeira escolha, mas o prognóstico varia de reservado a ruim. Analgesia é de extrema importância no protocolo terapêutico de pacientes com TEA. A cardiomiopatia restritiva é uma cardiomiopatia importante na clínica de felinos, no qual uma baixa porcentagem de gatos demonstra sinais clínicos anterior ao evento trombótico ou Insuficiência Cardíaca Congestiva. O objetivo deste relato foi descrever a evolução de um caso de tromboembolismo arterial decorrente de cardiomiopatia restritiva não tratada em uma gata de oito anos, castrada, pesando 4,9 kg com cianose de coxins e paralisia bilateral dos membros pélvicos. Após o diagnóstico, foi instituído o protocolo terapêutico com clopidorgel, rivaroxabana, analgesia e tratamento sintomático associado. A paciente respondeu favoravelmente à terapia clínica nos primeiros três dias e, após isso, teve piora clínica, no qual foi realizado eutanásia por questões pessoais da proprietária e prognóstico desfavorável.
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Silva VBC, Froes TR, Wolf M, Lucina SB, Sousa MG. Characterization of Doppler spectrum of hepatic veins in dogs with pulmonary hypertension. Res Vet Sci 2022; 150:131-136. [PMID: 35820267 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) triggers hemodynamic changes within the right heart, which may affect hepatic venous flow. The aims of this study were three-fold: to investigate, prospectively, the reliability of the hepatic vein Doppler waveform to diagnose and characterize the magnitude of PH in dogs; to evaluate whether a correlation exists between hepatic venous flow waves and the structural and functional characteristics of the right ventricle (RV); and to determine whether age, gender, body weight, heart rate (HR), heart rhythm and systolic blood pressure affect the hepatic venous waveform pattern. A cross-sectional observational study was carried out in 43 dogs with varying degrees of PH and a control group of 15 healthy dogs. The velocities of the hepatic A, S, V and D spectral waves and the phasic pattern varied according to the severity of PH. Weak to moderate correlations were documented between hepatic vein waves and age, HR, and the structural and functional variables of the RV. A D Wave cut-off of 11.6 cm ∙ s-1 had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 35% for differentiation of dogs with severe PH from healthy dogs. Doppler assessment of hepatic venous flow was shown to be a reliable technique for screening dogs for PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B C Silva
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná 80035-050, Brazil.
| | - T R Froes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná 80035-050, Brazil
| | - M Wolf
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná 80035-050, Brazil
| | - S B Lucina
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná 80035-050, Brazil
| | - M G Sousa
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná 80035-050, Brazil
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Tuleski GL, Pscheidt MJGR, Dos Santos JP, Sousa MG. Timolol 0.5% ophthalmic solution influences cardiac function in healthy cats. J Feline Med Surg 2022; 24:e57-e69. [PMID: 35470745 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x221083372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to ascertain the effect of a drop of timolol 0.5% ophthalmic solution on the systolic function of the left ventricle (LV) and left atrium (LA), and to confirm if timolol helped appraisal of diastolic function by reducing heart rate (HR) and separating the transmitral outflow waves from tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). METHODS A total of 41 client-owned healthy cats underwent two echocardiograms 20 mins apart. The timolol group (33 cats) received a drop of timolol solution after the first examination. Standard and speckle-tracking echocardiography evaluated the LV and LA function of both groups at the two time points evaluated. RESULTS Timolol reduced HR (19%), and fractional shortening from LV (20.3%) and LA (16.6%). Septal S' decreased by 51% (from 7.7 to 5.2 cm/s) and lateral S' dropped by 43.1% (7.3 to 5.1 cm/s). Most longitudinal techniques did not change after timolol, including the mitral annular plane systolic excursion from the interventricular annulus, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, LV longitudinal strain and LV tissue motion annular displacement. The isovolumic relaxation time increased by 15.2% (from 54 to 64.6 ms), with most cats presenting this variable above the reference (>60 ms). Timolol did not support diastolic assessment, enabling evaluation in only 2/11 cats when using lateral TDI and 1/9 cats using septal TDI. Regarding side effects, miosis occurred in 18 cats (54.5%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Timolol reduced systolic function, decreasing standard echocardiographic variables. Regarding diastolic evaluation, although timolol decreased HR, it did not separate the mitral diastolic waves, as expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Lr Tuleski
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Júlio Pereira Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marlos Gonçalves Sousa
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Buba Lucina S, Muehlbauer E, Bentivóglio Costa Silva V, Folgearini Silveira M, Wolf M, Pereira dos Santos J, Duque Moreno JC, Gonçalves Sousa M, Rodrigues Froes T. Conventional vs. Advanced Echocardiographic Parameters for Predict Fluid Responsiveness in Healthy Dogs. ACTA SCI VET 2022. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.121390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Volume replacement is considered an essential component in the treatment of critically ill patients, but excess fluid administration can be as harmful as the lack of fluid therapy. Therefore, the volume replacement is only beneficial in patients deemed to be fluid responsive, that is, when the individual has an increase in their stroke volume after administration of a volume challenge. This study aim to assess whether conventional and advanced echocardiographic parameters for assessing left ventricular systolic function are able to predict fluid responsiveness in healthy spontaneously breathing dogs. The hypothesis was that some of these parameters would differ between responsive and non-responsive animals and could be used as a complementary measure for assessment of fluid responsiveness.Materials, Methods & Results: A prospective study was carried out in which 22 client-owned healthy dogs over 1 year of age that presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital for elective neutering procedure were included. All dogs underwent conventional and advanced echocardiographic examination to obtain the left ventricular internal diameter in diastole normalized (LVIDDn), left ventricular internal diameter in systole normalized (LVIDSn), ejection fraction (EF) and shortening fraction (SF) according to the Teischholz methodology, global longitudinal strain (GLS) and tissue motion annular displacement (TMAD). There parameters were evaluated before and after administration of a volume challenge with 10 mL/kg lactate ringer intravenously for 20 min. Based on the variation in aortic velocity integral time, 31.82% of dogs were considered responsive and 68.18% were non-responsive to the volume challenge. For advanced echocardiography, TMAD indexed by body weight (mm/kg) > 0.89 (P = 0.004) and body surface area (mm/m2) >18.9 (P = 0.004) after volume challenge had the best area under the curve values (both 0.895) and smaller gray zone intervals (0.52 - 0.81 and 14.89 - 17.88) for the identification of responsive dogs. Although, TMAD (mm/kg and mm/m2) before volume challenge was also higher in the responsive dogs (P = 0.041 and P = 0.029). As for conventional echocardiography, the LVIDDn < 1.39 (P = 0.003) before volume challenge had the best area under the curve value (0.866) and the smallest gray zone interval (1.4 - 1.57) for the identification of responsive dogs. The GLS and the TMAD in milimeters (mm), percentage (%) and indexed by cubic root of weight (mm/∛kg) did not differ between the responsive and non-responsive dogs before and after volume challenge.Discussion: TMAD indexed by body weight (mm/kg) and body surface area (mm/m2) before and after volume challenge and the LVIDDn before volume challenge may be useful measures to complement the assessment of fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing dogs. This is the first study to use TMAD as a predictive parameter for fluid responsiveness in healthy, spontaneously breathing, dogs. Even it is an advanced echocardiographic technique, TMAD has advantages interms of execution time and the fact that it is less dependence on image quality or operator experience. It is possible that in the future such variables may form a useful part of the evaluation of fluid responsiveness in dogs. However, more studies are needed to better understand the applicability of these techniques, especially in dogs with hemodynamic changes.
Keywords: canine, global longitudinal strain, stroke volume, tissue motion annular displacement, TMAD, VTI.
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Bosak VL, Piontkovsky RJ, Mazur dos Santos A, Gonçalves Sousa M, Triches Dornbusch P, Duque JC. Ultrasound-guided superficial serratus plane block in multimodal analgesia for three dogs undergoing surgical correction of persistent ductus arteriosus. Vet Anaesth Analg 2022; 49:330-332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wolf M, Lucina SB, Silva VBC, Tuleski GLR, Sarraff AP, Komatsu EY, Sousa MG. Assessment of longitudinal systolic function using tissue motion annular displacement in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease. J Vet Cardiol 2021; 38:44-58. [PMID: 34800922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD) is essentially a disorder of the valve, the progression of the disease leads to structural myocardial changes that may compromise left ventricular systolic function. Tissue motion annular displacement (TMAD) is a surrogate for longitudinal fiber function based on speckle tracking assessment of the movement of the mitral annulus toward the apex during systole. The aim of this study was to evaluate longitudinal systolic function with TMAD in dogs with DMVD. ANIMALS Ninety-four dogs with DMVD and 32 healthy dogs. METHODS Prospective cross-sectional observational study. Dogs with DMVD of various American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine classification stages and healthy control dogs underwent physical examination, electrocardiography, systolic blood pressure measurement, as well as a standard and speckle tracking echocardiography. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) and TMAD were used to assess longitudinal systolic function. RESULTS The global TMADmm and global TMAD% were higher in American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine B2 animals than in the stage CD. Global TMAD (mm/kg,mm/bodyweight3, mm/m2) were correlated with GLS and ejection fraction. Global TMAD (mm/kg,mm/m2,%) and GLS were influenced by sex. In addition, systolic blood pressure influenced GLS (P < 0.01; r = -0.23), global TMADmm/kg (P = 0.017; r = -0.21) and global TMADmm/m2 (P = 0.031; r = -0.19). Tissue motion annular displacement was fast to be performed and produced good repeatability in dogs with DMVD. CONCLUSIONS Global TMAD (mm,%), was reduced in DMVD dogs with clinical signs of heart failure compared with stage B2. Tissue motion annular displacement was shown to be a repeatable technique for evaluation of longitudinal systolic function in dogs with DMVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wolf
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários 1540, Curitiba, 80035-050, Brazil.
| | - S B Lucina
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários 1540, Curitiba, 80035-050, Brazil
| | - V B C Silva
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários 1540, Curitiba, 80035-050, Brazil
| | - G L R Tuleski
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários 1540, Curitiba, 80035-050, Brazil
| | - A P Sarraff
- School of Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUC-PR), Rua Rockfeller 1311, Curitiba, 80230-130, Brazil
| | - E Y Komatsu
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários 1540, Curitiba, 80035-050, Brazil
| | - M G Sousa
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários 1540, Curitiba, 80035-050, Brazil
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Paiva TRP, Antunes AV, Oliveira LBD, Costa BND, Stedile STDO, Vieira TSWJ, Sousa MG. Espessamento miocárdico transitório em gato positivo para Bartonella spp.: Relato de Caso. Pubvet 2021. [DOI: 10.31533/pubvet.v15n05a825.1-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Um gato de dois anos de idade, sem raça definida, foi atendido por manifestar inapetência e apatia. Ao exame físico foram observados taquipneia, febre e sopro cardíaco. O animal apresentava também puliciose intensa e histórico de livre acesso à rua. O exame ecocardiográfico evidenciou espessamento miocárdico no ventrículo esquerdo. A partir de amostra de sangue, foi realizada reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) para detecção de Bartonella spp., com resultado positivo. Foi realizado ainda o teste rápido (ELISA) para o vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) e vírus da leucemia felina (FELV), sendo ambos negativos. O gato foi tratado por 30 dias com doxiciclina (10 mg/kg, VO, BID), mostrando boa recuperação. Após 1 ano e 4 meses do término do tratamento, um novo ecocardiograma foi realizado e revelou o ventrículo esquerdo com espessura normal, o que sugere que o gato apresentou um espessamento miocárdico transitório (EMT), por provável cardiomiopatia inflamatória, decorrente da infecção pela Bartonella spp. A bartonelose, apesar de ser uma doença pouco investigada na rotina clínica, deve ser levada em consideração no diagnóstico diferencial em gatos jovens com espessamento do miocárdio, principalmente naqueles com sinais clínicos compatíveis.
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Vila BCP, Camacho AA, Sousa MG. T-wave peak-end interval and ratio of T-wave peak-end and QT intervals: novel arrhythmogenic and survival markers for dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease. J Vet Cardiol 2021; 35:25-41. [PMID: 33812131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES In the past few years, novel markers such as the interval between the peak and the end of T-wave (Tpte) and Tpte/QT ratio have been shown to have high sensitivity for ventricular arrhythmias and mortality. We analyzed these and other parameters of ventricular repolarization, such as QT interval, QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc), and QT dispersion (QTd) in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). Additionally, we investigated their relationship with the progression of the disease, echocardiographic parameters, and ventricular arrhythmias and assessed their prognostic value with development of clinical signs or mortality as the final outcome. ANIMALS, MATERIALS AND METHODS Epidemiological, clinical, echocardiographic, and electrocardiographic data were obtained from 236 dogs with MMVD and 15 healthy dogs. Prognostic and survival information was also recorded for the MMVD group. All ventricular repolarization indices were measured in 10 lead electrocardiographic recordings. RESULTS With the exception of the QT interval, most repolarization markers increased along with the frequency of arrhythmias and with the progression of MMVD. The parameters that best identified ventricular arrhythmias (AUC > 0.7) were Tpte (aVR, rV2, average rV2-V10, average rV2-V4) and Tpte/QT (II, aVR, rV2). In survival analysis, statistically significant markers with the highest differences in median survival were Tpte (maximum of any lead, maximum rV2-V10), QTc aVR, and Tpte rV2. CONCLUSION Tpte and Tpte/QT are good non-invasive markers for clinical risk stratification in dogs with MMVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C P Vila
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil.
| | - A A Camacho
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - M G Sousa
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil
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Oliveira LBD, Antunes AV, Oliveira STD, Paiva TRP, Froes TR, Sousa MG. Ingestão acidental de ibuprofeno por cão filhote: Relato de caso. Pubvet 2021. [DOI: 10.31533/pubvet.v15n02a753.1-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
O ibuprofeno é amplamente utilizado na medicina devido suas características antipiréticas, anti-inflamatórias e analgésicas, e é relativamente seguro para humanos, mas quando administrados, de forma indevida, para animais de companhia, possuem efeitos colaterais indesejáveis. Os relatos da ingestão acidental de ibuprofeno por cães mostram que sinais gastrointestinais e renais de intoxicação são os mais comuns. O tratamento envolve a prevenção e manejo dos danos instalados. O objetivo do trabalho foi relatar o caso de uma cadela filhote que ingeriu uma cartela de ibuprofeno e manifestou alterações gastrointestinais e renais, e houve sucesso na terapêutica empregada.
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Beluque T, Camacho AA, Ampuero RN, Braz JB, Kirnew MD, Canola RAM, Carvalho E, Sousa MG. Heart rate variability and quality of life in dogs with mitral valve disease treated with metoprolol. Braz J Vet Med 2021. [DOI: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm003020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Bosak VL, Dayrell L, Da Veiga Argus AP, Gonçalves Sousa M, Triches Dornbusch P, Duque Moreno JC. ANESTESIA PARA CORREÇÃO CIRÚRGICA DA PERSISTÊNCIA DO DUCTO ARTERIOSO EM CÃES: RELATO DE CASOS ENTRE 2015 - 2020. AVS 2020. [DOI: 10.5380/avs.v15i5.77128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A persistência do duto arterioso é a anormalidade cardiovascular congênita mais comum em cães, ocorre quando o ducto não se fecha após a vida fetal e há desvio do fluxo da aorta para artéria pulmonar. A correção aumenta a expectativa de vida, porém as sequelas podem não se resolver completamente, por isso a cirurgia deve ocorrer na maior brevidade. A técnica para a correção mais tradicional é a ligadura cirúrgica por toracotomia. No entanto, procedimentos minimamente invasivos, como o transvascular e por toracoscopia têm sido descritos (SAUNDERS et al. 2014). A hemorragia, complicação mais comum do procedimento por ligadura, pode ocorrer em mais de 6% dos casos e, quando presente, é fatal em 79% dos casos. Também tem sido observada parada cardíaca durante a oclusão ou após a indução anestésica. Imediatamente após a correção pode ser observada diminuição da frequência cardíaca e aumento da pressão arterial diastólica, fenômeno denominado reflexo ou sinal de Branham (HUNT et al. 2001; SAUNDERS et al. 2014). A literatura sobre o manejo da anestesia nesses pacientes é escassa, por isso este trabalho procurou descrever a analgesia e anestesia, além das complicações e seu tratamento, pela avaliação retrospectiva dos últimos cinco anos em que 10 cães foram submetidos a correção de PDA por toracotomia videoassistida no HV – UFPR. Nove fêmeas e um macho, classificados segundo o American Society of Anesthesiologists como 3 (2 – 4), com idade média de 11,7 ± 10,5 meses (2 – 36) e com peso médio de 4,4 ± 4,7 kg (0,8 – 16,6), das raças Yorkshire terrier, Spitz alemão, Pinscher, Poodle ou sem raça definida. Todos os cães receberam anestesia locorregional, três o bloqueio do plano serrátil superficial (SSPB) guiado por ultrassom e o restante o bloqueio anestésico intercostal. O opioide sufentanil e midazolam foram administrados em seis animais (0,2 - 0,5 µg/kg e 0,3 mg/kg, respectivamente) na medicação pré-anestésica e etomidato associado a midazolam na indução (1 - 4 mg/kg e 0,2 - 0,3 mg/kg, respectivamente). Dois animais necessitaram da associação com o propofol (2 - 3 mg/kg) para facilitar a indução anestésica. Para manutenção da anestesia foi utilizada a anestesia intravenosa total (propofol-remifentanil) em quatro cães, anestesia parcial intravenosa em quatro cães (isofluorano-propofol-remifentanil ou isofluorano-remifentanil) e dos animais receberam exclusivamente isofluorano. A infusão de remifentanil foi administrada em 60% dos cães. Apenas um caso de hemorragia ocorreu, sendo rapidamente revertida com a autotransfusão. Esse mesmo paciente também foi o único a apresentar o sinal de Branham, sendo necessária a infusão de nitroprussiato de sódio durante as primeiras duas horas de pós-operatório. A metade dos cães apresentou hipotensão com normalização após ajuste do plano anestésico, dobutamina ou desafio volêmico. A hipotermia ocorreu em 40% e em 10% houve bradicardia responsiva à atropina. Até o momento nenhum óbito foi registrado durante os procedimentos anestésicos. Todas as complicações foram resolvidas com sucesso e a aplicação do SSPB mostrou também fornecer analgesia pós-operatória nas primeiras horas, sugerindo ser uma nova opção de anestesia loco regional guiado por ultrassom nestas cirurgias.
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Cidral LO, Shiguihara D, Pereira TG, Freitas FRD, Ribeiro CP, Costa BND, Stedile STDO, Sousa MG. ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO DA PREVALÊNCIA DE CARDIOPATIAS EM GATOS ATENDIDOS ENTRE 2015-2019 PELO LABORATÓRIO DE CARDIOLOGIA COMPARADA DO HOSPITAL VETERINÁRIO DA UFPR. AVS 2020. [DOI: 10.5380/avs.v15i5.77124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Diferentes doenças cardíacas, congênitas ou adquiridas, são comumente reconhecidas na medicina felina e compõem parte da casuística no atendimento desses animais. A ecocardiografia, por sua vez, é o exame de imagem mais utilizado para o diagnóstico destas afecções. Em gatos a cardiopatia mais comum é a cardiomiopatia fenótipo hipertrófico. Como dados sobre a prevalência de cardiopatias em gatos no Brasil é escassa, o objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar a prevalência das principais cardiopatias em gatos, diagnosticadas por meio da ecocardiografia, entre o período de 2015 a 2019 no Hospital Veterinário da UFPR (HV-UFPR). Foram encaminhados, neste período, ao Laboratório de Cardiologia Comparada do referido hospital, 224 gatos para exame ecocardiográfico. Destes, 32 foram excluídos por apresentarem diagnóstico incompleto ou inconclusivo. Assim, ao todo, 192 animais foram elegíveis para o estudo, sendo 140 sem alterações ecocardiográficas e 52 com uma ou mais cardiopatia. Foram acometidos mais machos do que fêmeas, sendo 29/52 (56%) e 23/52 (44%) respectivamente. Os gatos sem raça definida (SRD) foram os mais acometidos, correspondendo a 35/52 (67%) animais, seguidos pelas raças Persa com 13/52 (25%), Siamês com 3/52 (6%) e Himalaio com 1/52 (2%). A idade média dos gatos cardiopatas foi de 7,6 anos, sendo que 12/52 (23%) animais eram jovens (até um ano), 20/52 (38%) eram adultos (entre dois a dez anos) e 16/52 (31%) eram idosos (mais de 11 anos). Ainda, não havia dados sobre a idade de 4/52 animais (8%). Dentre os cardiopatas, 6/52 (12%) apresentaram duas cardiopatias congênitas associadas, sendo as mais prevalentes a comunicação interventricular e a comunicação interatrial. As afecções observadas foram cardiomiopatia fenótipo hipertrófico com 24/52 (46%) animais, comunicação interventricular com 6/52 (12%), displasia da valva tricúspide com 5/52 (10%), cardiomiopatia fenótipo não específico com 4/52 (8%), comunicação interatrial com 3/52 (6%), displasia da valva mitral com 3/52 (6%), neoplasia com 3/52 (6%), hérnia peritônio-pericárdica com 2/52 (4%), cardiomiopatia fenótipo restritivo com 2/52 (4%) e cardiomiopatia fenótipo dilatado, cor pulmonale, doença mixomatosa valvar mitral, estenose aórtica, estenose subaórtica, estenose pulmonar e vegetação aórtica com 1/52 (2%) animal cada. A alta prevalência da cardiomiopatia fenótipo hipertrófico observada neste estudo corrobora com dados encontrados na literatura (PAYNE; BRODBELT; FUENTES, 2015). Em um estudo de prevalência das doenças congênitas, no qual 57.025 gatos foram analisados, a doença mais prevalente foi a comunicação interventricular; em contrapartida, a displasia de valva tricúspide não mostrou ser representativa nesta espécie, afetando somente 4/57.025 animais (0,007%) (SCHROPE, 2015). Comparativamente, no presente estudo, a displasia da valva tricúspide foi uma doença importante na prevalência geral de cardiopatias em gatos atendidos no HV-UFPR, correspondendo a 5/192 (2,6%) dos gatos encaminhados ao Laboratório de Cardiologia Comparada. Estudos de prevalência fornecem informações complementares sobre doenças que são comuns em determinadas espécies e regiões, auxiliando, dessa forma, a conduta clínica de cada paciente.
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Ambrosini F, Stedille STDO, Sousa MG. AVALIAÇÃO DA PROTEINÚRIA RENAL EM GATOS SUPLEMENTADOS COM OMEGA 3 ASSOCIADO OU NÃO AO INIBIDOR DA ENZIMA CONVERSORA DE ANGIOTENSINA. AVS 2020. [DOI: 10.5380/avs.v15i5.77127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A doença renal crônica (DRC) é o distúrbio renal mais frequente na clínica médica de pequenos animais. Para o estadiamento, é necessário considerar sinais clínicos, histórico médico, exames laboratoriais, estudo de imagem e patologia renal (POLZIN, 2008). Sabe-se que os rins saudáveis possuem uma barreira seletiva e altamente especializada que impede a passagem de proteínas de alto peso molecular. Assim, a proteinúria de origem renal é um marcador de mau prognóstico da doença renal crônica, pois está associada à sua progressão. Através de métodos de mensuração da proteinúria pode-se avaliar o grau de lesão e acompanhamento dessa progressão. Lesões inflamatórias nas partes que compõem a barreira glomerular são responsáveis pela manutenção e progressão da mesma (HARALDSSON, NYSTRÖM e DEEN, 2008). Por esse motivo, o uso de antiinflamatórios, nesse caso o ômega 3 associado à controladores da pressão hidrostática glomerular, como inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina (enalapril), podem ser uma possibilidade de auxílio do tratamento da DRC. A avaliação desse efeito do omega 3 isolado ou em associação ainda não foi testado em gatos. Por esse motivo, teve-se por objetivo avaliar a proteinúria de gatos sob tratamento com ômega 3 associado ou não ao enalapril. Foram incluídos no estudo, até o momento, três gatos dentre 9 e 10 anos, com DRC e classificados de acordo com a International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) em IRIS II. Foram excluídos pacientes em síndrome urêmica, síndrome nefrótica ou aspectos clínicos que comprometessem a absorção dos fármacos ou impedissem seu uso, bem como o não comprometimento do tutor. Os animais receberam tratamento com ômega 3 (Organnact®) na dose de 1ml/gato durante 60 dias. Cada animal foi avaliado quanto à relação proteína/creatinina uirnária (RPC), pressão arterial sistólica e avalição clínica a cada 15 dias. No dia 30 associou-se 0,5mg/kg de enalapril e as mesmas avaliações foram repetidas a cada 15 dias, totalizando cinco avaliações. Com utilização do software Minitab para análise estatística, realizou-se o teste de normalidade de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, teste T de Student ou teste T pareado para comparação entre as médias das avaliações. Com 30 dias de uso de ômega 3, houve diminuição da proteinúria comparado ao dia zero (p=0,035). Comparando o 60º dia de tratamento com o dia zero, também houve diminuição da RPC (p=0,070). Não houve diferença comparando o 30º dia de tratamento com o 60º, ou seja, associar o enalapril a partir do dia 30, não promoveu maior redução se comparado apenas ao uso do ômega 3. Com esses resultados pode-se sugerir que somente o uso de ômega 3 tenha efeito antiinflamatório, por reduzir a proteinúria a partir de um mês de uso. A redução da proteinúria em gatos correlaciona-se com melhora do prognóstico e associar ômega 3 ao tratamento pode ser uma opção a ser considerada.
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Rodrigues de Freitas F, Orthey Cidral L, Godzinski Pereira T, Pereira Ribeiro C, Shiguihara D, Da Costa BN, Tostes de Oliveira Stedile S, Gonçalves Sousa M. ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO DA PREVALÊNCIA DE CARDIOPATIAS EM CÃES ATENDIDOS ENTRE 2015-2019 PELO LABORATÓRIO DE CARDIOLOGIA COMPARADA DO HOSPITAL VETERINÁRIO DA UFPR. AVS 2020. [DOI: 10.5380/avs.v15i5.77123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Doenças cardíacas, congênitas ou adquiridas, representam grande parte da casuística do atendimento de cães. Estima-se que aproximadamente 10% dos atendimentos iniciais em cães ocorrem devido a doença cardíaca, e a doença mixomatosa valvar mitral (DMVM) corresponde à maioria das cardiopatias nessa espécie (Keene et al., 2019). A ecocardiografia é um exame complementar não invasivo, importante para o diagnóstico das cardiopatias. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a prevalência de cães cardiopatas diagnosticados por meio da ecocardiografia, atendidos pelo Laboratório de Cardiologia Comparada do Hospital Veterinário da UFPR, durante o período de 2015 a 2019. Foram descartados da amostra os pacientes com diagnósticos incompletos, e apenas o exame mais recente do mesmo animal foi considerado. Sendo assim, foram analisados 2703 cães, dos quais 1668 possuíam pelo menos uma cardiopatia. Dentre os cardiopatas, 953/1668 eram fêmeas (57,1%) e 715/1668 eram machos (42,9%). Cães sem raça definida foram os mais acometidos 552/1668 (33,1%), seguidos das raças Poodle 235/1668 (14,1%), Lhasa Apso 123/1668 (7,4%), Pinscher 103/1668 (6,2%), Dachshund 95/1668 (5,7%) e demais raças 560/1668 (33,6%). A maioria dos animais 1580/1668 (94,7%) foi diagnosticada com cardiopatias adquiridas. Destes, 40/1580 (2,5%) apresentavam idade entre dois e cinco anos, 548/1580 (34,7%) entre seis e dez anos, 841/1580 (52,3%) entre 11 e 15 anos, 93/1580 (5,9%) acima de 15 anos e 58/1580 (3,7%) não tiveram suas idades informadas. Os outros 88/1668 (5,3%) cães apresentaram doenças congênitas, destes 21/88 (23,9%) apresentavam menos de um ano de idade, 11/88 (12,5%) entre dois e cinco anos, 32/88 (36,4%) entre seis e dez anos, 21/88 (23,9%) entre 11 e 15 anos, 1/88 (1,1%) acima de 15 anos e 2/88 (2,3%) não tiveram as idades informadas. A DMVM foi a cardiopatia mais diagnosticada, observada em 1560/1668 (93,5%) cães. A segunda maior afecção foi a degeneração mixomatosa da valva tricúspide (DMVT), observada em 756/1668 (45,3%) cães. O terceiro diagnóstico mais comum foi a cardiomiopatia dilatada acometendo 39/1668 (2,3%) animais, seguido por neoplasias cardíacas observadas em 20/1668 (1,2%) cães. As demais doenças tiveram menor prevalência, afetando dez indivíduos ou menos, sendo elas: estenose aórtica, comunicação interatrial, estenose pulmonar, displasia de mitral, displasia de tricúspide, endocardite, cor pulmonale, comunicação interventricular, persistência do ducto arterioso, estenose subaórtica, estenose mitral, persistência da veia cava cranial esquerda, hérnia diafragmática peritoneopericárdica, dirofilariose, degeneração aórtica, coronária anômala, cardiomiopatia arritmogênica, aneurisma, tromboembolismo pulmonar, trombo em átrio direito, tetralogia de Fallot, miocardite, cor triatriatum sinister e calcificação aórtica, respectivamente. Ao todo, 907/1668 (54,4%) animais apresentaram apenas uma doença cardíaca, 737/1668 (44,2%) apresentaram duas doenças concomitantes, e 24/1668 (1,4%) apresentaram três ou mais doenças conjuntas. O estudo de prevalência das cardiopatias auxilia na elaboração de diagnósticos diferenciais e, portanto, na escolha do plano terapêutico.
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Silva VBC, Wolf M, Lucina SB, Sarraff-Lopes AP, Sousa MG. Assessment of right ventricular systolic function by tissue motion annular displacement in healthy dogs. J Vet Cardiol 2020; 32:40-48. [PMID: 33137658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES There are few parameters for assessment of right ventricular (RV) systolic function on echocardiographic examination. Morphofunctional studies are limited by the irregular shape of the RV. Recently, tissue motion annular displacement (TMAD), a technique that evaluates valve annulus displacement toward the cardiac apex, has shown a good correlation with left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) in healthy dogs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal systolic function of the RV of healthy dogs using TMAD. ANIMALS A hundred healthy client-owned dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional study. Physical examination, electrocardiogram, blood pressure measurement, and echocardiography were recorded. The systolic function of the RV was evaluated by GLS free wall and TMAD. Data were compared with those derived from conventional echocardiography. RESULTS TMAD values varied according to body weight. There was a correlation of TMAD in millimeters with all indices of RV systolic function, including GLS free wall (R:-0.239; p:0.017). TMAD had a correlation with age and heart rate; whereas there was no relationship with sex and blood pressure. The coefficient of variation for the intraobserver evaluation was lower for the TMAD in millimeters (9.9%) compared with the GLS free wall (17.9%). In addition, the mean time to perform TMAD (8.1 s) was lower than that of the GLS free wall (37.7 s). CONCLUSIONS TMAD is a fast, reproducible, and promising method for assessing RV systolic function in healthy dogs. However, further studies are needed to understand the applicability of this technique in patients with heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B C Silva
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários 1540, Curitiba, 80035-050, Brazil.
| | - M Wolf
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários 1540, Curitiba, 80035-050, Brazil
| | - S B Lucina
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários 1540, Curitiba, 80035-050, Brazil
| | - A P Sarraff-Lopes
- School of Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUC-PR), Rua Rockfeller 1311, Curitiba, 80230-130, Brazil
| | - M G Sousa
- Laboratory of Comparative Cardiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Rua dos Funcionários 1540, Curitiba, 80035-050, Brazil
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Bentivóglio Costa Silva V, Gonçalves Sousa M. O PAPEL DA VITAMINA D NAS CARDIOPATIAS. AVS 2020. [DOI: 10.5380/avs.v25i1.64639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A nutrição potencialmente desempenha uma utilidade importante no manejo de pacientes cardiopatas. Mediante os crescentes estudos e interesse que apontam para a relevância da vitamina D no desenvolvimento e como valor preditivo de alterações cardiovasculares, a presente revisão tem por objetivo destacar os conceitos, aplicações e perspectivas quanto ao uso desse composto. A vitamina D classifica-se como um nutriente dietético essencial para cães e há evidências crescentes de que a sua deficiência é uma importante condição para a patogênese das cardiopatias, ademais, está associada ao aumento da morbidade e mortalidade. Portanto, mais estudos devem ser encorajados perante resultados tão atrativos, no intuito de consolidar tais informações.
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Janiszewski JDR, Lorga AD, Gomes ARC, Strugava L, Rosa BMA, Rios CR, Sousa MG, Dornbusch PT. Quadricuspid aortic valve and supracrystal interventricular communication in a Brazilian equestrian horse. Braz J Vet Med 2020. [DOI: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm112320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Paraguassu de Sá Rodrigues R, Vieira Freitag FA, Pinheiro dos Santos AA, Gonçalves Sousa M. ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF THE ATRIA IN SMALL ANIMALS. AVS 2019. [DOI: 10.5380/avs.v24i4.65867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Silva VBC, Rodrigues Froes T, Gil EMU, Wolf M, Lucina SB, Sousa MG. Characterization of Doppler spectrum of hepatic veins and correlation with structural and functional variables of the right ventricle in healthy dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2019; 34:45-52. [PMID: 31875342 PMCID: PMC6979083 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spectral Doppler assessment of hepatic veins may provide information on heart function. Hypothesis/Objectives To assess the normal pattern of hepatic venous flow using spectral Doppler ultrasound examination; to correlate this information with structural and functional variables of the right ventricle (RV), and to analyze the impact of age, sex, body weight quartiles, heart rate, cardiac rhythm, and systolic arterial pressure on the results in healthy dogs. Animals Sixty‐five healthy dogs. Methods Cross‐sectional observational study. The direction and maximum velocity of each of the 4 possible components of venous flow were determined from pulsed‐wave Doppler examination of the hepatic veins. In addition, structural and functional parameters (TAPSE, longitudinal strain, FAC%, S′, Et/At, and E′t/ A′t) of the RV were evaluated. Results The same phase patterns for different waves were seen in all animals: A and V were retrograde waves, and S and D were anterograde waves. The velocity of the spectral waves increased with body weight (P < .05) and could be correlated with functional indices of the RV. A significant difference was found when comparing morphometric indices with body weight quartiles (P < .05). In addition, intra‐and inter‐observer assessments showed low variability. The mean duration of the examinations was 5.2 minutes. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Hepatic spectral Doppler findings can be correlated with systolic and diastolic indices of the RV and vary with body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcela Wolf
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Stephany Buba Lucina
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Jojima FS, Sousa MG, Froes TR. Reliability of smartphone-based radiographic interpretation for evaluating cardiogenic pulmonary oedema in dogs. J Small Anim Pract 2019; 60:671-677. [PMID: 31364174 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the accuracy of radiological diagnosis of cardiogenic pulmonary oedema in dogs using two viewing platforms. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study including cases admitted between January 2012 and December 2016. Thoracic radiographs from 121 dogs with and without cardiogenic pulmonary oedema were included. The study was divided into two phases, and images were interpreted by two observers: a radiologist (R1) and a cardiologist (R2). In the first phase, images were sent in JPEG format for interpretation using a smartphone. In the second phase, DICOM images were interpreted at the standard workstation using a DICOM viewer. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to evaluate the accuracy of each method of radiological evaluation, and Spearman correlation was used to evaluate the correlation between the evaluations performed by R1 and R2. RESULTS The accuracy of R1 in diagnosing pulmonary oedema was 94.1% (95% confidence interval: 88.3 to 97.5) for DICOM images and 90.7% (95% confidence interval: 84.1 to 95.1) for JPEG/smartphone. The accuracy of R2 was 89.5% (95% confidence interval: 82.6 to 94.4) for DICOM images and 90.6% (95% confidence interval: 83.9 to 95.2) for JPEG/smartphone. There was no statistically significant difference between these evaluation methods. The correlation coefficient for R1 and R2 was 0.815 and 0.761, respectively. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Cardiogenic pulmonary oedema may be reliably diagnosed on thoracic radiographs viewed on a smartphone by a specialist, which may expedite treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- F S Jojima
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Palotina, Paraná, CEP 85950-000, Brazil
| | - M G Sousa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 80035-050, Brazil
| | - T R Froes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 80035-050, Brazil
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Carvalho ER, Fenerich M, Zacché E, Camacho AA, Sousa MG. CARDIOMIOPATIA ARRITMOGÊNICA DO VENTRÍCULO DIREITO EM CÃES DA RAÇA BOXER: ATUALIDADES NO DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO. AVS 2018. [DOI: 10.5380/avs.v23i2.56842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A cardiomiopatia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito (CAVD) é uma doença miocárdica hereditária observada no Boxer adulto, caracterizada pela substituição dos cardiomiócitos do ventrículo direito (VD) por tecido fibroadiposo, gerando áreas propensas à formação de arritmias ventriculares, que podem culminar em morte súbita. Devido aos avanços no mapeamento genético em cães domésticos, pode-se concluir que os Boxers são acometidos pela CAVD de maneira similar ao que ocorre em pessoas, e, portanto, são considerados um modelo animal natural para o estudo da CAVD humana. Não há um teste de diagnóstico único e específico para CAVD, portanto, em Medicina Veterinária o diagnóstico baseia-se na presença de uma combinação de achados, que podem incluir presença de taquiarritmia ventricular sem outras causas documentáveis para a arritmia e histórico familiar de CAVD. O tratamento é direcionado ao manejo da arritmia, e sotalol e/ou mexiletine são os antiarrítmicos mais comumente prescritos. Embora alguns cães afetados apresentem morte súbita ou desenvolvam insuficiência cardíaca congestiva, muitos deles apresentam arritmias ventriculares controláveis por antiarrítmicos e vivem uma vida normal.
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Camacho RR, Carvalho ER, Pereira EZ, Gava FN, Camacho AA, Sousa MG. INFLAMMATORY PROFILE IN DOGS WITH MYXOMATOUS MITRAL VALVE DISEASE. AVS 2017. [DOI: 10.5380/avs.v22i4.56769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Silva VBC, Stedile STDO, De Sousa RS, Sousa MG. Síndrome hemorrágica pulmonar em cão associada à leptospirose. ACTA SCI VET 2017. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.86234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Leptospirosis is probably the most widespread and prevalent zoonosis in the world, being classified as an emerging infectious disease for humans and dogs. Sporadically, dogs may present with cough and dyspnea, indicative of pulmonary involvement, associated with interstitial pneumonia and pulmonary hemorrhage with alveolar consolidation. Such changes stem from pulmonary haemorrhagic syndrome, which has emerged as a fatal complication, being documented in some areas in Europe and little described in North America. In this sense, the present study aims to report pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome in a dog with leptospirosis.Case: A dog with no defined breed, aged 45 days, weighing 2.2 kg, with a history of apathy, anorexia, jaundice, hematochezia and vocalisation with a two day evolution was seen. Physical examination revealed a rectal temperature of 37.2°C, icteric mucosa, capillary filling time of two seconds, respiratory rate of 80 movements per minute and heart rate of 140 beats per minute, dehydration rate estimated at 8%, prostration, adequate body score, normal cardiac sounds and clean lung fields, in addition to petechiae in the abdominal region, whose palpation evidenced the presence of fluid in intestinal loops. The blood sample sent to the macroscopic serum agglutination was reagent for the serovar Icterohaemorragiae, titration of 200. Blood count revealed leukocytosis due to neutrophilia, with left-sided deviation, eosinopenia, presence of rare hypersegmentated neutrophils, rare toxic neutrophils, mild cytoplasmic basophilia and rare reactive lymphocytes. Platelet estimation demonstrated thrombocytopenia. No haemoparasites were seen. Regarding the biochemical evaluation, there were changes in liver enzymes and markers of renal failure. Fluid therapy was used with 0.9% NaCl solution, 5 mg/ kg doxycycline intravenously every 12 h and nasogastric probe for administration of nutritional support. One day after the initial evaluation, hemoptysis and diffuse crackling occurred in pulmonary lobes on auscultation. In the radiograph of the chest, pulmonary fields were characterized by a diffuse interstitial bronchial pattern and a focal area, located in the left caudal lobe, with opacification tending to the alveolar pattern. Due to pulmonary alterations, the animal presented respiratory arrest and evolved to death. During necropsy, the macroscopic evaluation revealed a pinkish coloration pattern, with multifocal reddish areas with coalescent interspersed in the parenchyma and hypocrepitation. Regarding the morphology, multifocal hemorrhagic pneumonia was observed, focally extensive, moderate to severe.Discussion: Recently, pulmonary haemorrhagic syndrome has emerged as a severe form of leptospirosis in many species, including humans and dogs. Patients may develop fulminant pulmonary haemorrhage and result in a high mortality rate. Physiopathogenesis is poorly understood, however, it is believed that there is a multifactorial pathogenesis involving factors related to both pathogen and host, such as immunological mechanisms and coagulopathies. Studies in humans have shown a better evolution after the use of cyclophosphamide, but the benefits of this therapy have not yet been determined in dogs. Therefore, pulmonary haemorrhagic syndrome should be considered in patients with leptospirosis who show respiratory changes, due to the severity of the clinical signs and the high lethality associated with this clinical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlos Gonçalves Sousa
- Small Animal Section, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Cabral, Curitiba, PR, Brazil 80035-060 e-mail:
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Giannico AT, Garcia DAA, Gil EMU, Sousa MG, Froes TR. Assessment of umbilical artery flow and fetal heart rate to predict delivery time in bitches. Theriogenology 2016; 86:1654-61. [PMID: 27543362 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to quantitatively investigate the oscillation of the fetal heart rate (HR) in advance of normal delivery and whether this index could be used to indicate impending delivery. In addition, fetal HR oscillation and umbilical artery resistive index (RI) were correlated to determine if the combination of these parameters provided a more accurate prediction of the time of delivery. Sonographic evaluation was performed in 11 pregnant bitches to evaluate the fetal HR and umbilical artery RI at the following antepartum times: 120 to 96 hours, 72 to 48 hours, 24 to 12 hours, and 12 to 1 hours. Statistical analysis indicated a correlation between the oscillation of fetal HR and the umbilical artery RI. As delivery approached a considerable reduction in the umbilical artery RI was documented and greater oscillations between maximum and minimum HRs occurred. We conclude that the quantitative analysis of fetal HR oscillations may be used to predict the time of delivery in bitches. The combination of fetal HR and umbilical artery RI together may provide more accurate predictions of time of delivery.
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Abstract
The cardiotoxicity of Coffee senna (Senna occidentalis) was investigated in sheep that were fed diets containing its seeds, which are recognized as the most poisonous part of such weed. Dianthrone, the main toxic component of S. occidentalis, is known to impair mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, leading to myofiber degeneration. In this study, fifteen ewes were fed 0%, 2% or 4% of seeds of S. occidentalis for 63 days. Non-specific markers of myocyte injury and electrocardiograms were undertaken at baseline, and at 14, 35, and 63 days after the animals were first fed the diets, while histopathology of heart samples was performed at the very end of the study. Our results showed an increase in serum AST and LDH over time, while CK-MB did not change significantly. Changes that could be ascribed to myocardial damage were not documented in the electrocardiograms. Cardiac histopathology demonstrated only mild-to-moderate vacuolar degeneration, myofiber edema and disarray, structural disorganization, and cellular necrosis. In conclusion, S. occidentalis caused myocardial fiber degeneration in a dose-dependent fashion, but the electrocardiogram was not able to identify these lesions non-invasively. Because the markers of myofiber injury used in this study lack specificity, they may not be used to support cardiac impairment objectively, despite some of them did change over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- D I S Lopes
- Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Araguaina, TO, Brazil
| | - M G Sousa
- Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Department of Veterinary Medicine, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - A T Ramos
- Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), College of Veterinary Medicine, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - V M Maruo
- Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Araguaina, TO, Brazil
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Mazzinghy CL, Almeida KDS, Veschi JLA, Castro RSD, Martins NÉX, Sousa MG. Frequência de ovinos soropositivos para lentivírus de pequenos ruminantes no município de Colinas do Tocantins, estado do Tocantins, Brasil. Arq Inst Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1808-1657000542014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO: Maedi-Visna (MV) é uma enfermidade causada por lentivírus de pequenos ruminantes com evolução crônica e em grande parte dos casos sinais clínicos inaparentes. O diagnóstico da doença é baseado em sinais clínicos e dados epidemiológicos, sendo a imunodifusão em gel de ágar (IDGA) o método padrão para a detecção sorológica de anticorpos contra o lentivírus. Sabendo que o estado do Tocantins possui potencial para o desenvolvimento da ovinocultura e que grande parte dos produtores de Colinas do Tocantins, no referido estado, possui interesse em estabelecer criação racional, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo a realização de um estudo acerca da soroprevalência da doença. Foram coletadas 369 amostras de sangue de ovinos, independentemente de raça, sexo e idade, de diferentes propriedades rurais do município para diagnóstico de MV utilizando a técnica de IDGA. Após as análises laboratoriais, para avaliação dos resultados no tocante às categorias, foi utilizado o teste exato de Fisher e também foi calculado o odds ratio , com intervalo de confiança de 95% para verificação da idade como possível fator de risco ou de proteção. Constatou-se que 6 animais (1,62%) se apresentaram positivos no IDGA. Diante desses resultados, foi possível concluir que a frequência de ovinos soropositivos no município é baixa.
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Morais AN, Sousa MG, Meireles LR, Kesper N, Umezawa ES. Canine visceral leishmaniasis and Chagas disease among dogs in Araguaína, Tocantins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 22:225-9. [PMID: 23802237 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612013005000024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study analyzed serum samples from 111 male and female dogs of various ages from the municipality of Araguaína in the State of Tocantins, Brazil. Serological diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) was initially performed at the Central Laboratory (Laboratório Central - LACEN) of Araguaína, resulting in 61 positive samples by an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIFA) (≥1:40) and 50 non-reactive samples. The same samples were analyzed at the São Paulo Institute of Tropical Medicine (Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo - IMTSP) by an enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA), resulting in 57 positive samples (51.35%) and 54 negative samples (48.64%). The Kappa coefficient of agreement between the tests was 0.74. The serum samples were also subjected to a diagnostic assay for Trypanosoma cruzi (Trypomastigote Excreted/Secreted Antigens -TESA-blot) that detected five suspect animals; three of those animals were positive for leishmaniasis by ELISA but negative by IIFA. These findings suggest that the canine population of Araguaína may be simultaneously infected with Leishmania chagasi and T. cruzi. The results obtained demonstrate the difficulty of using serology to detect CVL, thus emphasizing the necessity for a reference test to diagnose CVL, particularly in regions where the infection is endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Nunes Morais
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Tocantins, Araguaína, TO, Brazil.
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Sousa MG, Paulino-Junior D, Pascon JPE, Pereira-Neto GB, Carareto R, Camacho AA. Assesment of the TEI index of myocardial performance in dogs with doxorubicin-induced cardiomiopathy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4067/s0301-732x2014000100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ximenes Martins NÉ, De Moura Almeida JD, Giannoccaro Silva M, Gonçalves Sousa M, Mathias LA, De Sousa Almeida K. PREVALÊNCIA DE ANTICORPOS ANTI-B. ovis E ANTI-B. abortus EM OVINOS DO MUNICÍPIO DE COLINAS, TOCANTINS, BRASIL. Rev Patol Trop 2013. [DOI: 10.5216/rpt.v42i2.25525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Lopes PCF, Sousa MG, Camacho AA, Carareto R, Nishimori CTD, Santos PSP, Nunes N. Comparison between two methods for cardiac output measurement in propofol‐anesthetized dogs: thermodilution and Doppler. Vet Anaesth Analg 2010; 37:401-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2010.00552.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Trindade HID, Silva GRDA, Teixeira MCA, Sousa MG, Machado RZ, Freitas FLDC, Almeida KDS. Detection of antibodies against Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina in calves from the region of Araguaína, State of Tocantins, Brazil. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2010; 19:169-73. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612010000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies against B. bovis and B. bigemina in calves from the region of Araguaína, State of Tocantins, Brazil. In this research we used sera obtained from 506 calves, from both genders and of 8 to 24 months old, to detect antibodies by indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA-test). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the Chi-square (χ2) test with Yates correction. The seroprevalence obtained was 90.5 and 91.7% for B. bigemina and B. bovis, respectively, characterizing the region as an area of enzootic stability for the species analyzed. The seroprevalence to B. bovis showed higher positivity among calves 19-24 months old.
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Lopes PCF, Nunes N, Carareto R, Nishimori CTD, Paula DPD, Sousa MG, Santos PSPD, Thiesen R. Efeitos de diferentes frações inspiradas de oxigênio sobre a dinâmica respiratória em cães submetidos à infusão contínua de propofol e mantidos em ventilação espontânea. Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2007.26587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Avaliaram-se os efeitos do fornecimento de diferentes frações inspiradas de oxigênio (FiO2) sobre a dinâmica respiratória em cães submetidos a infusão contínua de propofol e mantidos em ventilação espontânea. Oito cães foram submetidos a cinco anestesias diferenciando uma da outra pela FiO2 fornecida. Formaram-se cinco grupos denominados G100 (FiO2 = 1), G80 (FiO2 = 0,8), G60 (FiO2 = 0,6), G40 (FiO2 = 0,4) e G20 (FiO2 = 0,21). Os animais foram induzidos à anestesia com propofol na dose necessária para intubação, e ato contínuo iniciou-se a infusão do fármaco e o fornecimento de oxigênio conforme a FiO2 determinada para cada grupo. As primeiras mensurações foram efetuadas 30 minutos após o início da infusão do anestésico (M0), em seguida em intervalos de 15 minutos (M15, M30, M45 e M60). Os dados numéricos obtidos foram submetidos a Análise de Variância, seguida pelo teste Tukey (p<0,05). Os valores registrados de saturação de oxihemoglobina (SpO2) e SaO2 foram significativamente menores para G20, enquanto que a pressão parcial de oxigênio no sangue arterial (PaO2) variou conforme a fração de oxigênio fornecida. Para a pressão parcial de dióxido de carbono no sangue arterial (PaCO2) foram registradas diferenças em M30, no qual G100 apresentou médias superiores a G20. Conclui-se que o fornecimento de oxigênio a 100%, 80% e 21% devem ser evitados, pois proporciona prejuízos significativos ao sistema respiratório de cães anestesiados com infusão contínua de propofol na dose de 0,7mg/kg/min sob ventilação espontânea.
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Sousa MG, Carareto R, De-Nardi AB, Brito FL, Nunes N, Camacho AA. Effects of isoflurane on Tei-index of myocardial performance in healthy dogs. Can Vet J 2007; 48:277-82. [PMID: 17436904 PMCID: PMC1800963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the Tei-index, a noninvasive index that combines systolic and diastolic time intervals, has been proposed to assess global cardiac performance. However, the effects of isoflurane on the Tei-index have not been characterized. This study aimed at studying the effects of 1.0 minimal alveolar concentration isoflurane anesthesia on the pre-ejection period (PEP), left ventricular ejection time (LVET), PEP/LVET ratio, isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), stroke index (SI), cardiac index (CI), heart rate (HR), and the Tei-index in healthy unpremedicated dogs. We observed significant increases in PEP, PEP/LVET ratio, IVRT, and TEI, whose maximal increases obtained throughout the study were 47%, 48%, 78%, and 56%, respectively. The LVET and HR did not change significantly, whereas the SI and CI decreased during anesthesia (29% and 26%, respectively). In conclusion, isoflurane produced direct effects on the Tei-index. The changes in systolic and diastolic parameters were supportive of this finding and were consistent with an overall impairment of left ventricular function during anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Newton Nunes
- Address all correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Newton Nunes; e-mail:
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Sousa MG, Pereira-Neto GB, Carareto R, Gerardi DG, Camacho AA. Assessment of electrocardiographic parameters in healthy dogs undergoing dobutamine stress testing. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2006; 147:541-5. [PMID: 16398192 DOI: 10.1024/0036-7281.147.12.541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The electrocardiographic effects of dobutamine stress testing (10 to 40 microg/kg/minute) were investigated in five conscious healthy dogs. We studied the changes in the duration and amplitude of P wave, PR interval, duration of QRS complex, R wave amplitude, QT interval, and heart rate. Development of arrhythmias and ST segment abnormalities were also recorded. It was observed that dobutamine significantly affects atrioventricular-nodal conduction and total electrical systole time at higher infusion rates. Only a single episode of sustained ventricular tachycardia was observed, which was promptly restored to sinus rhythm shortly after dobutamine infusion was discontinued. No ST segment abnormalities were detected. Dobutamine stress testing was concluded to play a role in some ECG parameters at higher infusion rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Sousa
- São Paulo State University, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Paes-Alves AF, Azevêdo ES, Sousa MG, Almeida-Melo N, Oliveira-Filho OJ. Autosomal recessive malformation syndrome with minor manifestation in the heterozygotes: a preliminary report of a possible new syndrome. Am J Med Genet 1991; 41:141-52. [PMID: 1785624 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320410202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe 3 patients with a new malformation syndrome in 2 sibships in a large kindred from Bahia, Brazil. The parents in both sibships are consanguineous. The syndrome is characterized by malformations of the face, ears, hands and feet, plus mixed deafness and pseudopapilledema. Fifty-four relatives were examined clinically and scored by the number of anomalies. A control sample of 54 individuals was equally examined. The distribution of the number of anomalies per individual (score) is bimodal in the relatives of the patients but unimodal in the control individuals. Detection of heterozygotes was based on the score distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Paes-Alves
- Laboratório de Genética Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil
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Sousa MG, Silva MC, Duarte AF, Azevêdo ES. Delta-aminolevulinate dehydrase (ALAD) polymorphism in mixed Brazilians from the State of Bahia. Gene Geogr 1991; 5:33-7. [PMID: 1820152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Electrophoretic polymorphism of delta-aminolevulinate dehydrase (ALAD) was studied on 519 individuals from Bahia, Brazil. Subjective assessment of Black ancestries carried out in a five point visual scale (White, Light Mulatto, Medium Mulatto, Dark Mulatto and Black) allowed to show that the ALAD*2 allele frequency decreases from 8% in Whites to 0% in Blacks. These findings agree with previous reports of ALAD in Africans, American Indians and Spanish. The powerful peculiarity of the ALAD system in assessing racial admixture is stressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Sousa
- Hospital Universitário Prof. Edgard Santos, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Bahia, Brazil
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Silva MC, Sousa MG, Carvalho RD, Passos-Bueno MR, Azevêdo ES. Null allele in a human polymorphism restricted to the placenta: call for a search. Hum Biol 1991; 63:167-78. [PMID: 2019409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The identification of a null allele in a human genetic system restricted to the placenta is a great challenge for two reasons: the impossibility of carrying out family studies and the unviability of sample recollections because the placenta itself is a disposable universe. Thus, in addition to reporting the finding of a null phenotype of placental alkaline phosphatase in a dark mulatto newborn from a black mixed population of Bahia, Brazil, here we present other evidence for the presence of the ALPP*Q0 allele with considerably high frequency in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Silva
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
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Sousa MG, Bueno MR, da Silva MC, Duarte AF, Azevêdo ES. The contribution of sex, electrophoretic phenotype, pregnancy and race to the variability of delta-aminolevulinate dehydrase (ALADH) levels in human erythrocytes. A study in black mixed Brazilians. Clin Chim Acta 1990; 194:229-34. [PMID: 2093475 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(90)90137-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M G Sousa
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
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Azevêdo ES, Fortuna CM, Silva KM, Sousa MG, Machado MA, Lima AM, Aguiar ME, Abé K, Eulálio MC, Conceição MM, Silva MC, Santos MG. Spread and diversity of human populations in Bahia, Brazil. Hum Biol 1982; 54:329-41. [PMID: 7095799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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