1
|
Duch P, Díaz-Valdivia N, Gabasa M, Ikemori R, Arshakyan M, Fernández-Nogueira P, Llorente A, Teixido C, Ramírez J, Pereda J, Chuliá-Peris L, Galbis JM, Hilberg F, Reguart N, Radisky DC, Alcaraz J. Aberrant TIMP-1 production in tumor-associated fibroblasts drives the selective benefits of nintedanib in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1505-1519. [PMID: 38476010 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The fibrotic tumor microenvironment is a pivotal therapeutic target. Nintedanib, a clinically approved multikinase antifibrotic inhibitor, is effective against lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) but not squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Previous studies have implicated the secretome of tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) in the selective effects of nintedanib in ADC, but the driving factor(s) remained unidentified. Here we examined the role of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), a tumor-promoting cytokine overproduced in ADC-TAFs. To this aim, we combined genetic approaches with in vitro and in vivo preclinical models based on patient-derived TAFs. Nintedanib reduced TIMP-1 production more efficiently in ADC-TAFs than SCC-TAFs through a SMAD3-dependent mechanism. Cell culture experiments indicated that silencing TIMP1 in ADC-TAFs abolished the therapeutic effects of nintedanib on cancer cell growth and invasion, which were otherwise enhanced by the TAF secretome. Consistently, co-injecting ADC cells with TIMP1-knockdown ADC-TAFs into immunocompromised mice elicited a less effective reduction of tumor growth and invasion under nintedanib treatment compared to tumors bearing unmodified fibroblasts. Our results unveil a key mechanism underlying the selective mode of action of nintedanib in ADC based on the excessive production of TIMP-1 in ADC-TAFs. We further pinpoint reduced SMAD3 expression and consequent limited TIMP-1 production in SCC-TAFs as key for the resistance of SCC to nintedanib. These observations strongly support the emerging role of TIMP-1 as a critical regulator of therapy response in solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Duch
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Díaz-Valdivia
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Gabasa
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Ikemori
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marselina Arshakyan
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Nogueira
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Llorente
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Teixido
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Pathology Service, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Ramírez
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Pathology Service, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network for Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Pereda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Lourdes Chuliá-Peris
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| | | | - Frank Hilberg
- Boehringer Ingelheim Austria RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Noemí Reguart
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Derek C Radisky
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Jordi Alcaraz
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center Network for Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Almici E, Arshakyan M, Carrasco JL, Martínez A, Ramírez J, Enguita AB, Monsó E, Montero J, Samitier J, Alcaraz J. Quantitative Image Analysis of Fibrillar Collagens Reveals Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers and Histotype-dependent Aberrant Mechanobiology in Lung Cancer. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100155. [PMID: 36918057 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Fibrillar collagens are the most abundant extracellular matrix components in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Yet, the potential of collagen fiber descriptors as a source of clinically-relevant biomarkers in NSCLC is mainly unknown. Likewise, our understanding of the aberrant collagen organization and associated tumor-promoting effects needs to be better defined. To address these limitations, we identified a digital pathology approach that can be easily implemented in pathology units based on the Curvelet Transform filtering and single Fiber Reconstruction (CT-FIRE) software analysis of picrosirius (PSR) stains of fibrillar collagens imaged with polarized light (PL). CT-FIRE settings were pre-optimized to assess a panel of collagen fiber descriptors in PSR-PL images of tissue microarrays from surgical NSCLC patients (106 adenocarcinomas (ADC), 89 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC)). Using this approach, we identified straightness as the single high-accuracy diagnostic collagen fiber descriptor (average area under the curve AUC = 0.92) and fiber density as the single descriptor consistently associated with poor prognosis in both ADC and SCC independently of the gold standard based on tumor size, lymph node involvement and metastasis (TNM) staging (Hazard ratio HR = 2.69 (1.55-4.66), p < 0.001). Moreover, we found that collagen fibers were markedly straighter, longer, and more aligned in tumors compared to paired samples from uninvolved pulmonary tissue, particularly in ADC, which is indicative of increased tumor stiffening. Consistently, we observed an increase in a panel of stiffness-associated processes in the high collagen fiber density patient group selectively in ADC, including venous/lymphatic invasion, fibroblast activation (alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)), and immune evasion (programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)). Likewise, transcriptional correlation analysis supported the potential involvement of the major Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP)/TAZ mechanobiology pathway in ADC. Our results provide a proof-of-principle to use CT-FIRE analysis of PSR-PL images to assess new collagen fiber-based diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in pathology units, which may improve the clinical management of surgical NSCLC patients. Our findings also unveil an aberrant stiff microenvironment in lung ADC that may foster immune evasion and dissemination, encouraging future work to identify therapeutic opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Almici
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marselina Arshakyan
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Lluís Carrasco
- Unit of Biostatistics, Department of Basic Clinical Practice, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Martínez
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Ramírez
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Pathology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Enguita
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pathology, Hospital 12 Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Monsó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Joan Montero
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Networking Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain; Department of Biomedicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Samitier
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Networking Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain; Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Physics, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jordi Alcaraz
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Duch P, Díaz-Valdivia N, Ikemori R, Gabasa M, Radisky ES, Arshakyan M, Gea-Sorlí S, Mateu-Bosch A, Bragado P, Carrasco JL, Mori H, Ramírez J, Teixidó C, Reguart N, Fillat C, Radisky DC, Alcaraz J. Aberrant TIMP-1 overexpression in tumor-associated fibroblasts drives tumor progression through CD63 in lung adenocarcinoma. Matrix Biol 2022; 111:207-225. [PMID: 35787446 PMCID: PMC9667815 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) is an important regulator of extracellular matrix turnover that has been traditionally regarded as a potential tumor suppressor owing to its inhibitory effects of matrix metalloproteinases. Intriguingly, this interpretation has been challenged by the consistent observation that increased expression of TIMP-1 is associated with poor prognosis in virtually all cancer types including lung cancer, supporting a tumor-promoting function. However, how TIMP-1 is dysregulated within the tumor microenvironment and how it drives tumor progression in lung cancer is poorly understood. We analyzed the expression of TIMP-1 and its cell surface receptor CD63 in two major lung cancer subtypes: lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and defined the tumor-promoting effects of their interaction. We found that TIMP-1 is aberrantly overexpressed in tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) in ADC compared to SCC. Mechanistically, TIMP-1 overexpression was mediated by the selective hyperactivity of the pro-fibrotic TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway in ADC-TAFs. Likewise, CD63 was upregulated in ADC compared to SCC cells. Genetic analyses revealed that TIMP-1 secreted by TGF-β1-activated ADC-TAFs is both necessary and sufficient to enhance growth and invasion of ADC cancer cells in culture, and that tumor cell expression of CD63 was required for these effects. Consistently, in vivo analyses revealed that ADC cells co-injected with fibroblasts with reduced SMAD3 or TIMP-1 expression into immunocompromised mice attenuated tumor aggressiveness compared to tumors bearing parental fibroblasts. We also found that high TIMP1 and CD63 mRNA levels combined define a stronger prognostic biomarker than TIMP1 alone. Our results identify an excessive stromal TIMP-1 within the tumor microenvironment selectively in lung ADC, and implicate it in a novel tumor-promoting TAF-carcinoma crosstalk, thereby pointing to TIMP-1/CD63 interaction as a novel therapeutic target in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Duch
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Natalia Díaz-Valdivia
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Rafael Ikemori
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Marta Gabasa
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Evette S Radisky
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States
| | - Marselina Arshakyan
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Sabrina Gea-Sorlí
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 08029, Spain
| | - Anna Mateu-Bosch
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 08029, Spain
| | - Paloma Bragado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, 28040, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Lluís Carrasco
- Unit of Biostatistics, Department of Basic Clinical Practice, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hidetoshi Mori
- Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Josep Ramírez
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Pathology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Cristina Teixidó
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain; Pathology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Noemí Reguart
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Cristina Fillat
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid 08029, Spain; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Derek C Radisky
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States
| | - Jordi Alcaraz
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gabasa M, Radisky ES, Ikemori R, Bertolini G, Arshakyan M, Hockla A, Duch P, Rondinone O, Llorente A, Maqueda M, Perera A, Reguart N, Roz L, Radisky DC, Alcaraz J. Abstract 2515: MMP1 and TGF-β1 cooperate to drive tumor progression in large cell carcinoma of the lung through fibroblast senescence. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-2515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Large cell carcinoma (LCC) is an aggressive lung cancer subtype with poor prognosis and no targeted therapies. We previously reported that tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) derived from LCC tumors exhibit premature senescence, and coculture of pulmonary fibroblasts with LCC cell lines selectively induces fibroblast senescence, which in turn drives LCC cell growth and invasion. Here we report that MMP1 is overexpressed specifically in LCC cell lines. Notably, silencing MMP1 expression in LCC cancer cell lines using shRNA revealed that MMP1 expression by LCC cells is necessary for induction of fibroblast senescence in coculture experiments with normal pulmonary fibroblasts, as revealed by the analysis of a panel of standard senescence markers, including β-galactosidase (SA-βgal) staining, permanent growth arrest and expression of senescence-associated secretory factors. Injecting control (shScr) or shMMP1 LCC cells into immunodeficient nude mice revealed that tumor growth, tumor take and cancer cell dissemination to the lung were reduced in shMMP1 H460 tumors compared to control tumors. We also observed fewer senescent fibroblasts in tumors from shMMP1 H460 cells using Sentragor staining, which allows identification of senescent cells in paraffin embedded tissues. Moreover, we found that recombinant active MMP1 in combination with TGF-β1 were sufficient to induce normal fibroblast senescence. In terms of the potential underlying mechanisms, treatment with the antioxidant n-acetyl cysteine (NAC) significantly attenuated the increase in SA-βgal+ fibroblasts elicited by co-stimulation with rMMP1 and TGF-β1, and its corresponding conditioned medium elicited a significantly lower growth and invasion in LCC cancer cells, revealing the oxidative stress implication in fibroblast senescence induction and associated pro-tumorigenic secretome. In summary, our results establish a new role for MMP1 in cancer and support that LCC cells elicit a tumor-supporting niche through the aberrant secretion of MMP1 and TGF-β1 to induce senescence in adjacent fibroblasts. Furthermore, we implicate oxidative stress in MMP1/TGF-β1-induced TAF senescence and support a novel therapeutic strategy in LCC based on targeting senescent TAFs.
Citation Format: Marta Gabasa, Evette S. Radisky, Rafael Ikemori, Giulia Bertolini, Marselina Arshakyan, Alexandra Hockla, Paula Duch, Ornella Rondinone, Alejandro Llorente, Maria Maqueda, Alexandre Perera, Noemí Reguart, Luca Roz, Derek C. Radisky, Jordi Alcaraz. MMP1 and TGF-β1 cooperate to drive tumor progression in large cell carcinoma of the lung through fibroblast senescence [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 2515.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Paula Duch
- 1Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Maria Maqueda
- 4Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandre Perera
- 4Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Luca Roz
- 3Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Duch P, Díaz-Valdivia N, Gabasa M, Ikemori R, Arshakyan M, Hillberg F, Reguart N, Radisky D, Alcaraz J. Abstract 3167: Stromal TIMP-1 drives tumor progression in lung adenocarcinoma through CD63 interaction. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-3167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The two most common lung cancer subtypes are adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Even though both subtypes are epithelial in origin, it is now clear that tumor associated fibroblasts (TAFs) are key regulators of tumor progression and response to therapies. Nintedanib is an antifibrotic drug that targets the tumor stroma and has been clinically approved to treat lung ADC patients owing to the therapeutic benefits exhibited by this drug selectively in ADC (but not in SCC) in the LUME-1 cinical trial. We have implicated recently both ADC-TAFs and ADC cancer cells in the selective effects of nintedanib in ADC, since this drug reduced the growth and invasion induction elicited by the secretome of TGF-β-activated ADC-TAFs on a panel of ADC cells, whereas such reduction was not observed in SCC-TAFs. However, the key molecules involved in the aberrant TAF-carcinoma crosstalk in ADC remain unknown. TIMP-1 is a multifunctional protein that has been associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer and is downregulated by nintedanib in a bleomycin model of pulmonary fibrosis. Our preliminary results revealed that the TIMP-1 receptor CD63 is overexpressed in ADC patients compared to SCC. Therefore, our working hypothesis was that nintedanib reduces ADC cells growth and invasion by abrogating the TAF-carcinoma crosstalk driven by TIMP-1 and CD63.To test this hypothesis, we used primary TAFs obtained with the patient informed consent, and using protocols approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital Clinic. TGF-β1-activated ADC-TAFs and SCC-TAFs were treated with nintedanib, and their secreted TIMP-1 was determined by ELISA. Two high-CD63 cell lines (H1437 and H23) were used in some experiments, and siRNA was used to knock-down either TIMP-1 in TAFs or CD63 in cancer cellsOur in vitro results showed that the secretion of TIMP-1 was significantly larger in ADC-TAFs compared to SCC-TAFs. Likewise, nintedanib elicited a higher TIMP-1 downregulation in ADC-TAFs compared SCC-TAFs. Of note, TIMP-1 and CD63 were both implicated in the pro-tumorigenic crosstalk, since knocking-down TIMP-1 in ADC-TAFs or CD63 in ADC cells was sufficient to abrogate the growth and invasion enhancement elicited by the secretome of TAFs. Moreover, CD63 was necessary to enhance the invasion of ADC cells upon stimulation with recombinant TIMP-1. In addition, we found that knocking-down TIMP-1 in ADC-TAFs was sufficient to compromise the inhibitory effects of nintedanib on the growth and invasion enhancement elicited by the secretome of TAFs on ADC cells. Collectively, our results support a novel TAF-carcinoma crosstalk driven by TIMP-1 and CD63 in lung ADC, and support that such heterotypic crosstalk may underlie the aberrant tumor-promoting effects of ADC-TAFs that are selectively downregulated by nintedanib.
Citation Format: Paula Duch, Natalia Díaz-Valdivia, Marta Gabasa, Rafael Ikemori, Marselina Arshakyan, Frank Hillberg, Noemí Reguart, Derek Radisky, Jordi Alcaraz. Stromal TIMP-1 drives tumor progression in lung adenocarcinoma through CD63 interaction [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 3167.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Duch
- 1University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Frank Hillberg
- 2Boehringer Ingelheim Austria RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Noemí Reguart
- 3Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gabasa M, Radisky ES, Ikemori R, Bertolini G, Arshakyan M, Hockla A, Duch P, Rondinone O, Llorente A, Maqueda M, Davalos A, Gavilán E, Perera A, Ramírez J, Gascón P, Reguart N, Roz L, Radisky DC, Alcaraz J. MMP1 drives tumor progression in large cell carcinoma of the lung through fibroblast senescence. Cancer Lett 2021; 507:1-12. [PMID: 33684534 PMCID: PMC8026696 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Large cell carcinoma (LCC) is a rare and aggressive lung cancer subtype with poor prognosis and no targeted therapies. Tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) derived from LCC tumors exhibit premature senescence, and coculture of pulmonary fibroblasts with LCC cell lines selectively induces fibroblast senescence, which in turn drives LCC cell growth and invasion. Here we identify MMP1 as overexpressed specifically in LCC cell lines, and we show that expression of MMP1 by LCC cells is necessary for induction of fibroblast senescence and consequent tumor promotion in both cell culture and mouse models. We also show that MMP1, in combination with TGF-β1, is sufficient to induce fibroblast senescence and consequent LCC promotion. Furthermore, we implicate PAR-1 and oxidative stress in MMP1/TGF-β1-induced TAF senescence. Our results establish an entirely new role for MMP1 in cancer, and support a novel therapeutic strategy in LCC based on targeting senescent TAFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gabasa
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Evette S Radisky
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Rafael Ikemori
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Giulia Bertolini
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Marselina Arshakyan
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Alexandra Hockla
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Paula Duch
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Ornella Rondinone
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Alejandro Llorente
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Maria Maqueda
- Department of ESAII, Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | | | - Elena Gavilán
- Cell Dynamics and Signaling Department, Andalusian Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Centre (CABIMER), CSIC, Sevilla, 41092, Spain
| | - Alexandre Perera
- Department of ESAII, Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Josep Ramírez
- Pathology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain; Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Pere Gascón
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemí Reguart
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Luca Roz
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Derek C Radisky
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
| | - Jordi Alcaraz
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain; Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, 08028, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Duch P, Gabasa M, Ikemori R, Arshakyan M, Hillberg F, Reguart N, Radisky D, Alcaraz J. Abstract 5091: TIMP-1 in tumor-associated fibroblasts drives tumor progression in lung adenocarcinoma through CD63 interaction. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-5091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Tumor associated fibroblasts (TAFs) are important regulators of tumor growth and resistance to therapies. We have recently shown that lung TAFs in vitro respond to the antifibrotic drug nintedanib in adenocarcinoma (ADC) but not squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We also showed that the tumor-promoting effects of TAFs are driven by different mechanisms in ADC and SCC, which remain to be elucidated. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1) has been associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer, its expression is downregulated by nintedanib, and our preliminary results reveal that its putative receptor, CD63, is overexpressed in ADC patients compared to SCC, supporting a selective crosstalk between TAFs and cancer cells in ADC through TIMP-1 and CD63. The aim of this study was to test this hypothesis using in vitro preclinical models. Primary fibroblasts were obtained with the patient informed consent, and using protocols approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital Clinic. ADC-TAFs and SCC-TAFs were stimulated with TGF-β1 in the presence or absence of nintedanib, and the TIMP-1 content in their conditioned medium was determined by ELISA. TIMP-1 was knocked-down in ADC-TAFs by siRNA, and the corresponding conditioned medium was used to stimulate growth and invasion of the high-CD63 ADC cell line, H1437. Likewise, CD63 expression in H1437 cells was reduced by siRNA. Our in vitro results showed that TIMP-1 secretion induced by TGF-β1 is significantly larger in ADC-TAFs compared to SCC-TAFs. Likewise, nintedanib elicited a higher downregulation of secreted TIMP-1 in ADC-TAFs compared to SCC-TAFs. Of note, TIMP-1 from ADC-TAFs was necessary to induce growth and invasion of H1437 cells. Likewise, knocking-down CD63 in H1437 ADC cells was sufficient to reduce the growth and invasion elicited by the conditioned medium of TGF-β1 activated ADC-TAFs. Collectively, our results unveil a novel stroma-carcinoma crosstalk driven by TIMP-1 and CD63 selectively in lung ADC, and support that such heterotypic crosstalk may underlie the aberrant tumor-promoting effects of ADC-TAFs that are selectively downregulated by nintedanib.
Citation Format: Paula Duch, Marta Gabasa, Rafael Ikemori, Marselina Arshakyan, Frank Hillberg, Noemí Reguart, Derek Radisky, Jordi Alcaraz. TIMP-1 in tumor-associated fibroblasts drives tumor progression in lung adenocarcinoma through CD63 interaction [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 5091.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Duch
- 1University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Noemí Reguart
- 3Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gabasa M, Ikemori R, Arshakyan M, Radisky E, Reguard N, Radisky D, Alcaraz J. Abstract 5099: Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma cells of the lung induce a tumor-promoting senescent phenotype in fibroblasts through MMP1 overexpression and TGFβ1. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-5099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) exhibit an activated/fibrotic phenotype in all subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer. In contrast, we previously reported that lung TAFs exhibit premature senescence selectively in large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung (LCNEC), which is among the most aggressive subtypes of lung cancer. Moreover, we also reported that senescent fibroblasts enhance the growth and invasion of LCNEC cells in vitro and in vivo, and that the co-culture of LCNEC cells with normal fibroblasts was sufficient to induce fibroblast senescence. Intriguingly, whole-genome transcriptional profiling identified MMP1 as highly overexpressed in a panel of LCNEC cells versus non-LCNEC cell lines. Here we examined the role of MMP1 in LCNEC paracrine induction of fibroblast senescence.
MMP-1 expression was silenced in LCNEC cancer cell lines by shRNA, and common senescent markers were analyzed after co-culture with normal fibroblasts, including β-galactosidase staining, cyclin-dependent kinase Inhibitor 2A expression (CDKN2A) and growth arrest. In addition, the tumor-promoting effects of fibroblast conditioned medium in LCNEC growth and invasion were measured.
We confirmed that the LCNEC cell lines used in this study exhibited an increased expression of 3 neuroendocrine markers (CHGA, NCAM1 and SYP) compared to non-LCNEC cells. Induction of fibroblast senescence was confirmed after coculture with shScramble LCNEC cells. Moreover, knocking-down MMP1 in LCNEC cells was sufficient to abrogate fibroblast induced senescence upon co-culture, as well as the tumor-promoting traits of fibroblast's conditioned medium. The addition of active recombinant MMP1 (rMMP1) partially rescued the fibroblast senescent phenotype in co-culture with knocked-down MMP1 LCNEC cells, yet it was not sufficient to induce senescence when added to fibroblasts cultured alone. In contrast, treating fibroblasts with rMMP1 and the potent pro-fibrotic cytokine TGFβ1 was sufficient to induce both senescence and protumorigenic properties.
Our results unveil a process of “niche construction” by LCNEC cells that is driven by their overexpression of MMP1, which induces senescence in adjacent fibroblasts that secrete factors that enhance the growth and invasion of LCNEC cells, thereby contributing to the aggressive nature of these tumors. In addition, our results reveal a new pathologic synergy between MMP1 and TGFβ1 in eliciting fibroblast senescence and enhancing its tumor-promoting traits. Moreover, our findings support that the aberrant carcinoma cell-fibroblast crosstalk mediated by MMP1 may be a suitable therapeutic target in LCNEC, which currently lacks targeted therapies.
Citation Format: Marta Gabasa, Rafael Ikemori, Marselina Arshakyan, Evette Radisky, Noemí Reguard, Derek Radisky, Jordi Alcaraz. Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma cells of the lung induce a tumor-promoting senescent phenotype in fibroblasts through MMP1 overexpression and TGFβ1 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 5099.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ikemori R, Gabasa M, Duch P, Vizoso M, Bragado P, Arshakyan M, Luis IC, Marín A, Morán S, Castro M, Fuster G, Gea-Sorli S, Jauset T, Soucek L, Montuenga LM, Esteller M, Monsó E, Peinado VI, Gascon P, Fillat C, Hilberg F, Reguart N, Alcaraz J. Epigenetic SMAD3 Repression in Tumor-Associated Fibroblasts Impairs Fibrosis and Response to the Antifibrotic Drug Nintedanib in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2019; 80:276-290. [PMID: 31694906 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The tumor-promoting fibrotic stroma rich in tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAF) is drawing increased therapeutic attention. Intriguingly, a trial with the antifibrotic drug nintedanib in non-small cell lung cancer reported clinical benefits in adenocarcinoma (ADC) but not squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), even though the stroma is fibrotic in both histotypes. Likewise, we reported that nintedanib inhibited the tumor-promoting fibrotic phenotype of TAFs selectively in ADC. Here we show that tumor fibrosis is actually higher in ADC-TAFs than SCC-TAFs in vitro and patient samples. Mechanistically, the reduced fibrosis and nintedanib response of SCC-TAFs was associated with increased promoter methylation of the profibrotic TGFβ transcription factor SMAD3 compared with ADC-TAFs, which elicited a compensatory increase in TGFβ1/SMAD2 activation. Consistently, forcing global DNA demethylation of SCC-TAFs with 5-AZA rescued TGFβ1/SMAD3 activation, whereas genetic downregulation of SMAD3 in ADC-TAFs and control fibroblasts increased TGFβ1/SMAD2 activation, and reduced their fibrotic phenotype and antitumor responses to nintedanib in vitro and in vivo. Our results also support that smoking and/or the anatomic location of SCC in the proximal airways, which are more exposed to cigarette smoke particles, may prime SCC-TAFs to stronger SMAD3 epigenetic repression, because cigarette smoke condensate selectively increased SMAD3 promoter methylation. Our results unveil that the histotype-specific regulation of tumor fibrosis in lung cancer is mediated through differential SMAD3 promoter methylation in TAFs and provide new mechanistic insights on the selective poor response of SCC-TAFs to nintedanib. Moreover, our findings support that patients with ADC may be more responsive to antifibrotic drugs targeting their stromal TGFβ1/SMAD3 activation. SIGNIFICANCE: This study implicates the selective epigenetic repression of SMAD3 in SCC-TAFs in the clinical failure of nintedanib in SCC and supports that patients with ADC may benefit from antifibrotic drugs targeting stromal TGFβ1/SMAD3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Ikemori
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Gabasa
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Duch
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Vizoso
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paloma Bragado
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marselina Arshakyan
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iuliana-Cristiana Luis
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Marín
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastian Morán
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Castro
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Fuster
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sabrina Gea-Sorli
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Jauset
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Edifici Cellex, Hospital Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Soucek
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Edifici Cellex, Hospital Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Luis M Montuenga
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research Institution (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Monsó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Victor Ivo Peinado
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pere Gascon
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Fillat
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frank Hilberg
- Boehringer Ingelheim Austria RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Noemí Reguart
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Alcaraz
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Picceri GG, Leonardi P, Iotti M, Gallo M, Baldi F, Zambonelli A, Amicucci A, Vallorani L, Piccoli G, Ciccimarra G, Arshakyan M, Burattini S, Falcieri E, Chiarantini L. Bacteria-produced ferric exopolysaccharide nanoparticles as iron delivery system for truffles (Tuber borchii). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 102:1429-1441. [PMID: 29189902 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8615-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Iron exopolysaccharide nanoparticles were biogenerated during ferric citrate fermentation by Klebsiella oxytoca DSM 29614. Before investigating their effects on Tuber borchii ("bianchetto" truffle) mycelium growth and morphology, they were tested on human K562 cell line and Lentinula edodes pure culture and shown to be non-toxic. Using these nanoparticles as iron supplement, the truffles showed extremely efficient iron uptake of over 300 times that of a commercial product. This avoided morphological changes in T. borchii due to lack of iron during growth and, with optimum nanoparticle dosage, increased growth without cell wall disruption or alteration of protoplasmatic hyphal content, the nuclei, mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticula being preserved. No significant modifications in gene expression were observed. These advantages derive from the completely different mechanism of iron delivery to mycelia compared to commercial iron supplements. The present data, in fact, show the nanoparticles attached to the cell wall, then penetrating it non-destructively without damage to cell membrane, mitochondria, chromatin, or ribosome. Low dosage significantly improved mycelium growth, without affecting hyphal morphology. Increases in hyphal diameter and septal distance indicated a healthier state of the mycelia compared to those grown in the absence of iron or with a commercial iron supplement. These positive effects were confirmed by measuring fungal biomass as mycelium dry weight, total protein, and ergosterol content. This "green" method for biogenerating iron exopolysaccharide nanoparticles offers many advantages, including significant economic savings, without toxic effects on the ectomycorrhizal fungus, opening the possibility of using them as iron supplements in truffle plantations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giada Giusi Picceri
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, via Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Pamela Leonardi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, viale Fanin 46, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mirco Iotti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio (Coppito), 1, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Michele Gallo
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Cà Foscari University, via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre, Venice, Italy
| | - Franco Baldi
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Cà Foscari University, via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre, Venice, Italy
| | - Alessandra Zambonelli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, viale Fanin 46, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Amicucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, via Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Luciana Vallorani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, via Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, via Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ciccimarra
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, via Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Marselina Arshakyan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, via Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Sabrina Burattini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, via Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Falcieri
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, via Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Laura Chiarantini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, via Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Catalani S, Carbonaro V, Palma F, Arshakyan M, Galati R, Nuvoli B, Battistelli S, Canestrari F, Benedetti S. Metabolism modifications and apoptosis induction after Cellfood™ administration to leukemia cell lines. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2013; 32:63. [PMID: 24016597 PMCID: PMC3847119 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Cellfood™ (CF) is a nutritional supplement containing deuterium sulphate, minerals, amino acids, and enzymes, with well documented antioxidant properties. Its organic and inorganic components are extracted from the red algae Lithothamnion calcareum, whose mineral extract has shown growth-inhibitory effect both on in vitro and in vivo models. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of CF on leukemic cells. In fact, according to its capacity to modulate O2 availability and to improve mitochondrial respiratory metabolism, we wondered if CF could affect cancer cell metabolism making cells susceptible to apoptosis. Methods Three leukemic cell lines, Jurkat, U937, and K562, were treated with CF 5 μl/ml up to 72 hours. Cell viability, apoptosis (i.e. caspase-3 activity and DNA fragmentation), hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) concentration, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) expression, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and lactate release in the culture medium were detected and compared with untreated cells. Results CF significantly inhibited leukemic cell viability by promoting cell apoptosis, as revealed by caspase-3 activation and DNA laddering. In particular, CF treated cells showed lower HIF-1α levels and lower GLUT-1 expression as compared to untreated cells. At the same time, CF was able to reduce LDH activity and, consequently, the amount of lactate released in the extracellular environment. Conclusions We supplied evidence for an antiproliferative effect of CF on leukemia cell lines by inducing cell death through an apoptotic mechanism and by altering cancer cell metabolism through HIF-1α and GLUT-1 regulation. Thanks to its antioxidative and proapoptotic properties, CF might be a good candidate for cancer prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Catalani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Clinical Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Ubaldini 7, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|