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Wiśniewska Z, Kołodziejski P, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Konieczka P, Kinsner M, Górka P, Flaga J, Kowalik K, Hejdysz M, Kubiś M, Jarosz ŁS, Ciszewski A, Kaczmarek S. Combination of emulsifier and xylanase in triticale-based broiler chickens diets. Arch Anim Nutr 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37222576 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2023.2202591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the effect of supplementing an emulsifier, xylanase or a combination of both on the growth performance, digestibility of nutrients, microflora activity and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens fed triticale-based diets. A total of 480 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments: control (CON), control with an added emulsifier (EMU), control with added xylanase (ENZ) and control with emulsifier and xylanase (EMU+ENZ). Xylanase supplemented groups had diminished feed intake (FI) and enhanced body weight gain (BWG) only within the starter period (p ≤ 0.05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the ENZ and ENZ+EMU groups was lower than CON during the whole experiment period. There was significant ENZ and EMU interaction in apparent metabolisable energy corrected to N equilibrium (AMEN) as well as NDF and DM retention. The viscosity of ileum digesta was the lowest in groups with enzyme addition. Interactions show that caecal galactosidase-α activity was higher in the CON group compared to EMU supplementation, but similar to ENZ and EMU+ENZ (p < 0.05). Activity of glucosidase-α was higher in the CON group related to inclusion of EMU or ENZ alone (p < 0.05) but did not differ from the combined supplementation of EMU+ENZ, whereas the glucosidase-β activity was higher in the CON group compared to all supplemented diets (p < 0.05). Caecal C2 concentration was greater in the CON group than supplemented diets (p < 0.05). The expression of FATP1, PEPT1 and SGLT1 in the ileum was downregulated after emulsifier addition (p ≤ 0.05). The addition of emulsifier and xylanase indicates a mutual effect on broiler chickens' performance and nutrient digestibility in triticale diets with palm oil during the first nutritional period. Additionally, concomitantly additives usage influenced intestinal microbiome activity, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Wiśniewska
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Pruszyńska-Oszmałek
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Konieczka
- The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, PAS, Jablonna, Poland
| | - Misza Kinsner
- The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, PAS, Jablonna, Poland
| | - Paweł Górka
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Flaga
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kinga Kowalik
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Hejdysz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Animal Product Quality Assessment, University of Life Sciences, Złotniki, Poland
| | - Marta Kubiś
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Łukasz S Jarosz
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Artur Ciszewski
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Kaczmarek
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Wiśniewska Z, Kołodziejski P, Pruszyńska E, Konieczka P, Kinsner M, Górka P, Flaga J, Kowalik K, Hejdysz M, Kubiś M, Jarosz ŁS, Ciszewski A, Kaczmarek SA. Effect of emulsifier and multicarbohydrase enzyme supplementation on performance and nutrient digestibility in broiler diets containing rapeseed meal. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102268. [PMID: 36402039 PMCID: PMC9673097 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of emulsifier and multicarbohydrase enzyme supplementation on performance, nutrient utilization, and apparent metabolizable energy-nitrogen (AMEN) value of broiler diets containing rapeseed meal (RSM) as well as their influence on the gut morphological structures, excretion of total and free sialic acid, and cecum concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in broiler chickens. A total of 384 male broiler chicks were assigned to four dietary treatments. The diet of the control treatment (CON) consisted of soybean, maize, and RSM (5% in starter, 7% in grower, 15% in finisher) with soybean and palm oils. The diets used for the experimental treatments were the control diet supplemented with an emulsifier (EMU), enzyme (ENZ), or both (EMU + ENZ). The duodenum (n = 10/treatment) and ileum (n = 10/treatment) digesta samples were assessed to determine nutrient digestibility: crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), starch, Ca. Throughout the experimental period, EMU + ENZ treatment indicated the lowest total average feed intake and feed conversion ratio, with the highest average weight gain among the studied treatments (P < 0.05). The EMU + ENZ treatment also resulted in higher (P < 0.05): apparent prececal digestibility (APD) of CP, total tract neutral detergent fibre (NDF) degradation, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of EE, villus height to crypt depth ratio (P < 0.1). The highest APD of EE was noted in the EMU treatment (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found in the AMEN values of the diets. A greater jejunum villi surface area was found in groups supplemented by enzyme compared to CON (P < 0.05). The EMU + ENZ treatment presented lower sialic acid excretion in the ileum and concentration of cecum SCFAs compared to the CON treatment (P < 0.05). The obtained results indicate that simultaneous usage of additives had beneficial effect on production parameters, nutrient digestibility, NDF degradation, as well as gut mucosa morphology. Based on the SCFAs concentration results, separate or simultaneous addition of emulsifier or/and enzyme did not provoke excessive fermentation activity of cecal bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Wiśniewska
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Pruszyńska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Konieczka
- The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-110 Jablonna, Poland
| | - Misza Kinsner
- The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-110 Jablonna, Poland
| | - Paweł Górka
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Flaga
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kinga Kowalik
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Hejdysz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Animal Product Quality Assessment, University of Life Sciences, 62-002 Złotniki, Poland
| | - Marta Kubiś
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Łukasz S. Jarosz
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin 20-612, Poland
| | - Artur Ciszewski
- Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin 20-612, Poland
| | - Sebastian A. Kaczmarek
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland,Corresponding author:
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Kubiś M, Kołodziejski P, Pruszyńska E, Sassek M, Konieczka P, Górka P, Flaga J, Katarzyńska-Banasik D, Hejdysz M, Szumacher-Strabel M, Cieślak A, Kaczmarek SA. Combination of emulsifier and xylanase in wheat diets of broiler chickens. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Kołodziejski PA, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Hejdysz M, Sassek M, Leciejewska N, Ziarniak K, Bień J, Ślósarz P, Kubiś M, Kaczmarek S. Effect of Fasting on the Spexin System in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020518. [PMID: 33671411 PMCID: PMC7922423 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The regulation of physiological processes by biologically active substances such as peptides, proteins, or hormones is very important in the context of both the development of the basic sciences and their subsequent use in improving animal husbandry. One such substance is spexin (SPX), a recently discovered, very conservative peptide that has been shown in mammalian studies to be able to regulate food intake, as well as carbohydrate–lipid metabolism. Because there is no information on the role of SPX in the metabolism of birds in the literature, we first decided to determine whether the expression of the gene encoding this peptide is present in the various tissues of birds. A further object of the study was to determine whether the concentration of SPX in serum blood changes during the disturbance of the carbohydrate metabolism caused by starvation and whether these changes correlate with other metabolic parameters. These studies will help us fully understand the role of SPX in bird physiology, and this research should be further extended. Abstract Spexin (SPX) is a highly conservative peptide hormone containing 14 amino acids and was discovered in 2007 by bioinformatics methods. However, nothing is yet known about its role in the metabolism of birds, including broilers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of short-term fasting (2, 4, and 8 h) on the concentration of SPX in blood serum and the expression levels of the genes encoding this peptide (SPX1) and its receptors, GALR2 and GALR3, in the tissues involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (muscles, adipose tissue, and liver). We also analyzed the mRNA expression of these genes in various chicken tissues. Moreover, we studied the correlation between the serum level of SPX and other metabolic parameters (insulin, glucagon, glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol). Using RT-qPCR, we found that SPX1, GALR2, and GALR3 are expressed in all investigated tissues in broiler chicken. Moreover, using a commercially available radio-immunoassay, we noted an increase of the SPX level in blood serum after 4 and 8 h of fasting compared to nonfasted animals (p < 0.05). This increase was positively correlated with glucagon concentration (r = 0.341; p < 0.05) and negatively with glucose concentration (r = −0.484; p < 0.01). Additionally, we discovered that in the short term, food deprivation leads to the expression regulation of SPX1, GALR2, and GLAR3 in tissues associated with metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. The obtained results indicate that SPX is involved in the regulation of metabolism in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł A. Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (E.P.-O.); (M.S.); (N.L.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +48-511-468-396
| | - Ewa Pruszyńska-Oszmałek
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (E.P.-O.); (M.S.); (N.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Marcin Hejdysz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Sloneczna 1, 62-002 Zlotniki, Poland; (M.H.); (P.Ś.)
| | - Maciej Sassek
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (E.P.-O.); (M.S.); (N.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Natalia Leciejewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (E.P.-O.); (M.S.); (N.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Kamil Ziarniak
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-625 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jakub Bień
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (E.P.-O.); (M.S.); (N.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Piotr Ślósarz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Sloneczna 1, 62-002 Zlotniki, Poland; (M.H.); (P.Ś.)
| | - Marta Kubiś
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sebastian Kaczmarek
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (S.K.)
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Kubiś M, Kołodziejski P, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Sassek M, Konieczka P, Górka P, Flaga J, Katarzyńska-Banasik D, Hejdysz M, Wiśniewska Z, Kaczmarek SA. Emulsifier and Xylanase Can Modulate the Gut Microbiota Activity of Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122197. [PMID: 33255285 PMCID: PMC7760159 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Modern broiler nutrition, due to widely accepted goals of sustainable production, is concerned with the improvement of nutrient utilization. To achieve this, in our study, we used feed additives that improve the value of feed components. Due to the significant amounts of non-starch polysaccharides (which are not digested under broiler intestinal tract conditions and negatively affect broilers performance) in popular feed components like wheat, enzymes are needed. Furthermore, the use of emulsifiers to improve fat digestion is necessary, as young birds do not secrete sufficient enzyme and bile salts. Previous studies have shown that an additional increase in carbohydrate digestibility can be obtained by using an emulsifier containing xylanase in the feed. Presumably, the increase in carbohydrate digestibility occurred after adding the emulsifier. In our study, we aimed to investigate the effect of xylanase, emulsifier, and a combination of both in wheat diets with high level of tallow on the gastrointestinal tract microbiota activity of 480 one-day-old male ROSS 308 broiler chickens. The simultaneous usage of both additives in wheat-based diets with beef tallow reduces the ileum microbiota activity and enhances cecum microbiota activity. Presumably, the addition of both additives results in a cumulative effect on the gut microbiota activity. Abstract In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of xylanase (XYL), emulsifier (EMU), and a combination of both (XYL + EMU) in wheat diet with a high level of tallow on gastrointestinal tract microbiota activity, excretion of sialic acids, and selected gut segments morphology of 480 one-day-old male ROSS 308 broiler chickens. The activities of bacterial enzymes in the ileal digesta were lower in experimental groups compared to the control (CON) group. Enzyme activity in the cecum was significantly higher than in the ileum. The additives did not affect the excretion of sialic acid. The number of duodenum goblet cells on the villi decreased in all of the experimental groups (p < 0.05). The simultaneous use of XYL + EMU deepened the ileum crypts (p < 0.05). The total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentration in the cecal digesta was higher in experimental groups. The abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Escherichia coli did not change among experimental groups. The relative abundance of Clostridium was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in groups with emulsifier addition. In conclusion, the simultaneous usage of EMU and XYL in wheat-based diets with beef tallow reduces the ileum microbiota activity and enhances cecum microbiota activity. Presumably, the addition of both additives results in a cumulative effect on the gut microbiota activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kubiś
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (M.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Paweł Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostrructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 35, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (P.K.); (E.P.-O.); (M.S.)
| | - Ewa Pruszyńska-Oszmałek
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostrructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 35, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (P.K.); (E.P.-O.); (M.S.)
| | - Maciej Sassek
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostrructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 35, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (P.K.); (E.P.-O.); (M.S.)
| | - Paweł Konieczka
- The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3, 05-110 Jablonna, Poland;
| | - Paweł Górka
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (P.G.); (J.F.)
| | - Jadwiga Flaga
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (P.G.); (J.F.)
| | - Dorota Katarzyńska-Banasik
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Marcin Hejdysz
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (M.H.); (Z.W.)
- Department of Animal Breeding and Animal Product Quality Assessment, University of Life Sciences, Słoneczna 1, 62-002 Złotniki, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Wiśniewska
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (M.H.); (Z.W.)
| | - Sebastian A. Kaczmarek
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (M.H.); (Z.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Hejdysz M, Kaczmarek SA, Kubiś M, Wiśniewska Z, Peris S, Budnik S, Rutkowski A. The effect of protease and Bacillus licheniformis on nutritional value of pea, faba bean, yellow lupin and narrow-leaved lupin in broiler chicken diets. Br Poult Sci 2020; 61:287-293. [PMID: 31951479 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1716303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
1. This study investigated the nutritional value (digestibility of ileal crude protein and amino acids (AAs)) and the AMEN value of legumes (pea, faba bean, yellow lupin, and narrow-leaved lupin) with or without protease. 2. Two hundred, one-day-old, male Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly allocated to ten groups. Each group received one of five different protein raw materials - either peas, faba beans, yellow lupins or narrow-leaved lupins, with or without protease produced from Bacillus licheniformis. The birds were kept in individual cages. Nutrient digestibility was calculated using the difference method. The total duration of the study was 23 d, and the study involved two phases - accommodation phase (d 1-18) and experimental phase (d 18-23). 3. The effect of protease on response traits was not consistent between the legumes. The enzyme increased the digestibility of some AAs in the pea (arginine, leucine, phenylalanine, histidine, tyrosine, alanine, and proline), faba bean (lysine, arginine, glycine, and asparagine), and yellow lupin diets (lysine, valine, and serine), but this effect was not observed in the narrow-leaved lupin diet. The change in AMEN values due to protease addition was only statistically significant for the pea diet (P < 0.05), whereas in the case of other legume species, the difference was insignificant (P > 0.05). 4. Exogenous protease increased the digestibility of AAs present in pea, faba bean, and yellow lupin seeds but not in narrow-leaved lupin diets. The AMEN value of peas increased with protease supplementation, but no effect of protease was found for the AMEN values of faba bean and both the lupin diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hejdysz
- Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Life Sciences , Poznań, Poland
- Department of Animal Breeding and Animal Product Quality Assessment, University of Life Sciences , Poznań, Poland
| | - S A Kaczmarek
- Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Life Sciences , Poznań, Poland
| | - M Kubiś
- Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Life Sciences , Poznań, Poland
| | - Z Wiśniewska
- Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Life Sciences , Poznań, Poland
| | - S Peris
- Novus Europe , Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Budnik
- Novus Europe , Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Rutkowski
- Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Life Sciences , Poznań, Poland
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Kaczmarek SA, Hejdysz M, Kubiś M, Nowaczewski S, Mikuła R, Rutkowski A. Effects of feeding intact, ground and/or pelleted rapeseed on nutrient digestibility and growth performance of broiler chickens. Arch Anim Nutr 2019; 74:222-236. [PMID: 31852277 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2019.1688557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of grinding or pelleting of rapeseed on the digestibility, apparent metabolisable energy (AMEN), growth performance and gizzard weight of broiler chickens was evaluated. In Exp. 1, four treatments were tested (240 broiler chickens, 20 replications, 3 birds per cage). Birds received either a basal diet or were fed with rapeseed of different sized particles (fine, medium and coarse ground, respectively). In Exp. 2, 10 treatments were assessed (360 chickens, 12 replications, 3 birds per cage), where five different diets (a basal diet and four diets with intact rapeseed, fine ground, medium ground or coarse ground rapeseed, respectively) were fed non-pelleted or pelleted. In Exp. 3, two treatments were compared (224 broiler chickens, 14 replications, 8 birds per floor pen): fine ground rapeseed (FG) and intact rapeseed (IS). Compared with medium and coarse ground rapeseed, fine grinding increased in Exp. 1 the AMEN of rapeseed and the precaecal digestibility (PD) of dry matter and ether extract (EE) (p < 0.05). In Exp. 2, the content of AMEN and the PD of EE and crude protein (CP) increased as the degree of grinding increased when diets were not pelleted (p < 0.01). In contrast, the significantly highest values for these parameters were measured after pelleting without effect of grinding, resulting in a significant interaction between pelleting and grinding (p < 0.001). In Exp. 3, performance of chickens was not affected by dietary treatments, but gizzard weight and the PD of CP were higher when IS were included in the diet (p < 0.05). The results suggested that fine grinding may be used to increase the feeding value of full-fat rapeseed for broiler chickens. Nevertheless, pelleting of diets with rapeseed seemed to be much more effective in the reduction of particle size than grinding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcin Hejdysz
- Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland.,Department of Animal Breeding and Animal Product Quality Assessment, University of Life Sciences, Suchy Las, Poland
| | - Marta Kubiś
- Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sebastian Nowaczewski
- Department of Animal Breeding and Animal Product Quality Assessment, University of Life Sciences, Suchy Las, Poland
| | - Robert Mikuła
- Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Rutkowski
- Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Hejdysz M, Kaczmarek SA, Kubiś M, Adamski M, Perz K, Rutkowski A. The effect of faba bean extrusion on the growth performance, nutrient utilization, metabolizable energy, excretion of sialic acids and meat quality of broiler chickens. Animal 2019; 13:1583-1590. [PMID: 30621798 DOI: 10.1017/s175173111800366x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean meal in broiler chicken diets can partly be replaced by faba bean seeds. Unfortunately, high levels of antinutritional factors and resistant starch found in these seeds can have a detrimental impact on both broiler chickens' performance and nutrient digestibility. It is, however, possible to increase the usefulness of faba bean for broiler nutrition by a technological process known as extrusion. In this study, the authors made and attempt to investigate the effect of different forms of faba bean seeds (raw or extruded) on broiler chicken performance, nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy values (AMEN), nutrient utilization and meat quality, as well as on the excretion of total and free sialic acids. In the trial, the total of 160 1-day-old male broiler chicks of the Ross 308 strain were used. Experimental birds were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments, each containing 10 replication (floor pens); one replication included nine birds. The first group contained 300 g/kg diet of raw faba bean seeds, whereas the second group - 300 g/kg diet of extruded faba bean seeds. The applied extrusion process was found to exert a positive impact and led to a decrease in phytic phosphorus, H, NDF, ADF and resistant starch content in studied faba bean seeds. Experimental birds fed diets containing extruded faba bean seeds were characterized by a lower feed intake (2299 g) and feed conversion ratios (FCRs) (1.52 g/g) in comparison with the other group (feed intake 2466 g; FCR 1.61 g/g). Extrusion of faba bean seeds improved dry matter retention, dietary AMEN value, apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter and starch, as well as most amino acids. In addition, the above-mentioned process resulted in a decrease in the excretion of total and free sialic acids. Extruded faba bean seeds failed to have a significant impact on broiler meat quality. It was concluded that application of extrusion can increase the use of faba bean seeds in broiler chicken nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hejdysz
- 1Department of Animal Nutrition,University of Life Sciences,Wojska Polskiego 28,60-637 Poznań,Poland
| | - S A Kaczmarek
- 1Department of Animal Nutrition,University of Life Sciences,Wojska Polskiego 28,60-637 Poznań,Poland
| | - M Kubiś
- 1Department of Animal Nutrition,University of Life Sciences,Wojska Polskiego 28,60-637 Poznań,Poland
| | - M Adamski
- 3Department of Poultry Breeding and Animal Products Evaluation,University of Science and Technology,Mazowiecka 28,85-084 Bydgoszcz,Poland
| | - K Perz
- 2Department of Animal Breeding and Animal Product Quality Assessment,University of Life Sciences,Wojska Polskiego 28,60-637 Poznań,Poland
| | - A Rutkowski
- 1Department of Animal Nutrition,University of Life Sciences,Wojska Polskiego 28,60-637 Poznań,Poland
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Kubiś M, Kaczmarek SA, Nowaczewski S, Adamski M, Hejdysz M, Rutkowski A. Influence of graded inclusion of white lupin (Lupinus albus) meal on performance, nutrient digestibility and ileal viscosity of laying hens. Br Poult Sci 2018; 59:477-484. [PMID: 29595321 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2018.1459041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of white lupin (Lupinus albus) meal (WLM) addition on the intestinal viscosity, bird performance and nutrient utilisation of laying hens. 2. The experiment was conducted with 360 laying hens aged 21 weeks fed one of 6 treatments, including a corn-soybean meal control diet (CON) and 5 experimental diets containing 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 g/kg WLM. 3. A linear increase in feed intake (p < 0.001) was observed with higher levels of WLM from 0 to 300 g/kg. Laying rate decreased quadratically (p < 0.05) and egg weight (at 6th, 12th and 18th weeks of the trial) decreased linearly with WLM inclusion from 0 to 300 g/kg. Birds fed 60 g/kg or more of WLM laid lighter eggs (p < 0.05) than CON hens. When 240 g/kg or more WLM was included into the diet, laying rate was affected negatively (p < 0.05). 4. As WLM increased from 0 to 300 g/kg, apparent metabolisable energy and pre-caecal digestibility of dry matter and crude protein decreased quadratically (p < 0.05). When 300 g/kg of WLM was used, there was a tendency (p < 0.1) to decrease pre-caecal starch digestibility. WLM dose exerted a quadratic effect (p < 0.05) on total sialic acid excretion. As WLM increased, the viscosity of ileal digesta linearly increased (p < 0.05). 5. In the 6th and 12th weeks of the experiment (p < 0.05), eggshell thickness decreased linearly when 240 g/kg of WLM was added. At the 6th, 12th and 18th weeks, a linear decrease in eggshell content was observed (p < 0.05) after WLM addition. 6. In conclusion, the graded inclusion of WLM into laying hens' diets resulted in depressed performance, AMEN and eggshell quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kubiś
- a Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland
| | - S A Kaczmarek
- a Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland
| | - S Nowaczewski
- b Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Suchy Las , Poland
| | - M Adamski
- c Department of Poultry Breeding and Animal Products Evaluation , University of Science and Technology , Bydgoszcz , Poland
| | - M Hejdysz
- a Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland.,b Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Suchy Las , Poland
| | - A Rutkowski
- a Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management , Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland
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Hejdysz M, Kaczmarek S, Kubiś M, Jamroz D, Kasprowicz-Potocka M, Zaworska A, Rutkowski A. Effect of increasing levels of raw and extruded narrow-leafed lupin
seeds in broiler diet on performance parameters, nutrient digestibility and AME N value of diet. J Anim Feed Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/83015/2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kaczmarek SA, Hejdysz M, Kubiś M, Rutkowski A. Influence of graded inclusion of white lupin (Lupinus albus) meal on performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 2016; 57:364-74. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2016.1171295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Kaczmarek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - M. Hejdysz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - M. Kubiś
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - A. Rutkowski
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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