1
|
Fonseca JJ, Yeats AL, Blue B, Zalalutdinov MK, Brintlinger T, Simpkins BS, Ratchford DC, Culbertson JC, Grim JQ, Carter SG, Ishigami M, Stroud RM, Cress CD, Robinson JT. Enabling remote quantum emission in 2D semiconductors via porous metallic networks. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5. [PMID: 31911592 PMCID: PMC6946668 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13857-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report how two-dimensional crystal (2DC) overlayers influence the recrystallization of relatively thick metal films and the subsequent synergetic benefits this provides for coupling surface plasmon-polaritons (SPPs) to photon emission in 2D semiconductors. We show that annealing 2DC/Au films on SiO2 results in a reverse epitaxial process where initially nanocrystalline Au films gain texture, crystallographically orient with the 2D crystal overlayer, and form an oriented porous metallic network (OPEN) structure in which the 2DC can suspend above or coat the inside of the metal pores. Both laser excitation and exciton recombination in the 2DC semiconductor launch propagating SPPs in the OPEN film. Energy in-/out- coupling occurs at metal pore sites, alleviating the need for dielectric spacers between the metal and 2DC layer. At low temperatures, single-photon emitters (SPEs) are present across an OPEN-WSe2 film, and we demonstrate remote SPP-mediated excitation of SPEs at a distance of 17 μm. Here, the authors develop a reverse epitaxial process whereby a nanocrystalline Au film becomes highly textured and support a suspended 2D WSe2 overlayer. Surface plasmon polaritons are launched in nanostructured Au by laser excitation and couple remotely to single photon emitters present in WSe2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose J Fonseca
- U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA.
| | - Andrew L Yeats
- U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Brandon Blue
- Department of Physics and Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Joel Q Grim
- U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | | | - Masa Ishigami
- Department of Physics and Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | | | - Cory D Cress
- U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Imai H, Kamei H, Onishi Y, Ishizu Y, Ishigami M, Goto H, Ogura Y. Diagnostic Usefulness of APRI and FIB-4 for the Prediction of Liver Fibrosis After Liver Transplantation in Patients Infected with Hepatitis C Virus. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:1431-1436. [PMID: 29705278 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspartate transaminase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) and fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) are well known as representative indirect serum biomarkers related to liver fibrosis. The usefulness of these markers for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis after liver transplantation (LT) in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients and the influence of splenectomy were investigated. METHODS From June 2003 to May 2014, 31 HCV-infected patients who underwent LT and postoperative follow-up liver biopsies were included in this study. The association between liver fibrosis and serum biomarkers and the influence of splenectomy on APRI and FIB-4 were also investigated. RESULTS A total of 195 biopsy specimens were collected, and liver fibrosis was identified as: F0, 59.7%; F1, 34.1%; and F2, 6.3%. Both APRI and FIB-4 were significantly higher in patients who showed F1 and F2 in liver biopsy specimen than F0 (P values, .009 and .022, respectively); sensitivity and specificity of APRI were, respectively, 63.4% and 66.7%, and those of FIB-4 were 57.7% and 69.6%. In 11 patients (35.5%) who underwent splenectomy at the time of LT, the cutoff values for APRI and FIB-4 were 0.61 and 1.41, which were significantly lower than the corresponding values (1.00 and 3.64) of patients without splenectomy. CONCLUSIONS APRI and FIB-4 could effectively estimate liver fibrosis after LT for HCV-related liver disease. For LT patients with splenectomy, APRI and FIB-4 were also useful to estimate liver fibrosis, but the standard values should be adjusted lower than those for patients without splenectomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Imai
- Department of Transplantation Surgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - H Kamei
- Department of Transplantation Surgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Onishi
- Department of Transplantation Surgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Ishizu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Ishigami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - H Goto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Ogura
- Department of Transplantation Surgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Honda T, Ishigami M, Ishizu Y, Kuzuya T, Hayashi K, Ishikawa T, Murakami Y, Iwadate M, Umeyama H, Toyoda H, Kumada T, Katano Y, Goto H, Hirooka Y. Core I97L mutation in conjunction with P79Q is associated with persistent low HBV DNA and HBs antigen clearance in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 23:407.e1-407.e7. [PMID: 27998820 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES When considering treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB), it is important to discriminate between patients with persistent low HBV DNA and patients with active hepatitis, who may proceed to cirrhosis. In this study, we sought to identify mutations in patients expected to have persistent low HBV DNA and ultimately exhibit clearance of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). METHODS Serum samples were obtained from 33 CHB genotype C patients, divided based on HBV DNA and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels following observation for >2 years: Group A (n=10), transient HBV DNA ≥5.0 log copies/mL and ALT ≥120 IU/L; Group B (n=11), persistent HBV DNA <5.0 and ALT <60; and Group C (n=12), persistent HBV DNA <4.0 and ALT <30. Full-length HBV sequences were compared among groups. Subsequently, 82 patients with CHB were evaluated for the I97L mutation and the additional mutation P79Q. We compared cumulative incidences of persistent low HBV DNA and HBsAg clearance in patients with or without I97L and P79Q by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS Incidence of Core mutation I97L differed significantly among groups: A, 30% (3/10); B, 36.4% (4/11); C, 83.3% (10/12) (p = 0.021). Cumulative incidences of persistent low HBV DNA and HBsAg clearance were significantly higher in patients with I97L than in those with wild-type I97 (p = 0.003 and p = 0.016, respectively), and even higher in those with P79Q. CONCLUSIONS In patients with CHB, measurement of I97L and additional mutation P79Q would be useful for predicting persistent low HBV DNA, normal ALT, and HBsAg clearance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Ishigami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Y Ishizu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T Kuzuya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Murakami
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Iwadate
- Department of Biological Science, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Umeyama
- Department of Biological Science, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Toyoda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Gifu, Japan
| | - T Kumada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Gifu, Japan
| | - Y Katano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Banbuntane Hotokukai Hospital, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - H Goto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Hirooka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lodge MS, Tang C, Blue BT, Hubbard WA, Martini A, Dawson BD, Ishigami M. Lubricity of gold nanocrystals on graphene measured using quartz crystal microbalance. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31837. [PMID: 27554595 PMCID: PMC4995488 DOI: 10.1038/srep31837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to test recently predicted ballistic nanofriction (ultra-low drag and enhanced lubricity) of gold nanocrystals on graphite at high surface speeds, we use the quartz microbalance technique to measure the impact of deposition of gold nanocrystals on graphene. We analyze our measurements of changes in frequency and dissipation induced by nanocrystals using a framework developed for friction of adatoms on various surfaces. We find the lubricity of gold nanocrystals on graphene to be even higher than that predicted for the ballistic nanofriction, confirming the enhanced lubricity predicted at high surface speeds. Our complementary molecular dynamics simulations indicate that such high lubricity is due to the interaction strength between gold nanocrystals and graphene being lower than previously assumed for gold nanocrystals and graphite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Lodge
- Department of Physics and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - C Tang
- School of Engineering, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - B T Blue
- Department of Physics and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - W A Hubbard
- Department of Physics and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - A Martini
- School of Engineering, University of California Merced, Merced, CA 95343, USA
| | - B D Dawson
- Department of Physics and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - M Ishigami
- Department of Physics and NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tachi Y, Hirai T, Kojima Y, Miyata A, Ohara K, Ishizu Y, Honda T, Kuzuya T, Hayashi K, Ishigami M, Goto H. Liver stiffness measurement using acoustic radiation force impulse elastography in hepatitis C virus-infected patients with a sustained virological response. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016; 44:346-55. [PMID: 27291657 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography is a non-invasive method for measuring liver stiffness. However, there are no reports evaluating the value of ARFI elastography for liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients with a sustained virological response (SVR). AIM To investigate the diagnostic performance of ARFI elastography for the assessment of liver fibrosis in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients with an SVR. METHODS In this prospective study, we enrolled 336 patients: 121 HCV patients with an SVR (44.6% women) and 215 patients with HCV (47.9% women). ARFI elastography measurements of all patients were performed on the same day of liver biopsy. RESULTS The diagnostic accuracies, expressed as areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for ARFI elastography, in HCV patients with an SVR and those in patients with HCV were 0.818 and 0.875 for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis (≥F2), 0.909 and 0.888 for the diagnosis of severe fibrosis (≥F3), and 0.981 and 0.890 for the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis (F4), respectively. The optimum cut-off values for ARFI elastography were 1.26 m/s for ≥F2, 1.31 m/s for ≥F3 and 1.49 m/s for F4 in HCV patients with an SVR. The liver stiffness values were lower in patients with SVR compared with those in patients with HCV at the same stage of fibrosis. The liver stiffness values were affected by the necroinflammatory activity and the time after SVR. CONCLUSION Acoustic radiation force impulse elastography is an acceptable method for predicting the severity of fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C virus and a sustained viral response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Tachi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan
| | - T Hirai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan
| | - Y Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan
| | - A Miyata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan
| | - K Ohara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan
| | - Y Ishizu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T Kuzuya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Ishigami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - H Goto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kimura H, Onishi Y, Sunada S, Kishi S, Suzuki N, Tsuboi C, Yamaguchi N, Imai H, Kamei H, Fujisiro H, Okada T, Ishigami M, Ogura Y, Kiuchi T, Ozaki N. Postoperative Psychiatric Complications in Living Liver Donors. Transplant Proc 2016; 47:1860-5. [PMID: 26293064 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To understand the impact of psychologic variables on donor quality of life, we studied long-term data on postoperative psychiatric complications in living liver donors. This study is a focused psychological investigation of diagnoses, treatments, and long-term clinical courses of living liver donors with psychiatric complications. METHODS Of the 142 donors who underwent live-donor liver transplantation at Nagoya University Hospital between April 2004 and July 2014, we investigated those without a history of mental illness who had developed such illness after transplantation and required psychiatric treatment. RESULTS A total of 6 (4.2%) donors developed the following psychiatric complications after transplantation: major depressive disorder (n = 2), panic disorder (n = 2), conversion disorder (n = 1), and substance use disorder (n = 1). Concerning psychiatric treatment, all donors received antianxiety drugs, 3 took antidepressants, and supportive psychiatric therapy was concomitantly provided to all subjects. The average treatment period was 53.3 months. Regarding subject outcomes, 3 donors achieved remission, and the other 3 continued treatment. All subjects showed improvement in Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. CONCLUSION It is important to accurately diagnose postoperative psychiatric complications and provide long-term treatment in close coordination with transplant surgeons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Kimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Y Onishi
- Transplantation Surgery, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Sunada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Kishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - N Suzuki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - C Tsuboi
- Transplantation Surgery, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - N Yamaguchi
- Transplantation Surgery, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - H Imai
- Transplantation Surgery, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - H Kamei
- Transplantation Surgery, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - H Fujisiro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T Okada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Ishigami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Y Ogura
- Transplantation Surgery, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - T Kiuchi
- Sing-Kobe Liver Transplant Centre, Mount Elizabeth Novena Hospital, Singapore
| | - N Ozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Katoch J, Le D, Singh S, Rao R, Rahman TS, Ishigami M. Scattering strength of the scatterer inducing variability in graphene on silicon oxide. J Phys Condens Matter 2016; 28:115301. [PMID: 26902181 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/11/115301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Large variability of carrier mobility of graphene-based field effect transistors hampers graphene science and technology. We show that the number of the scatterer responsible for the observed variability on graphene devices on silicon oxide can be determined by finding the number of hydrogen that can be chemisorbed on graphene. We use the relationship between the number of the scatterer and the mobility of graphene devices to determine that the variability-inducing scatterer possesses scattering strength 10 times smaller than that of adsorbed potassium atoms and 50 times smaller than that of ion-beam induced vacancies. Our results provide an important, quantitative input towards determining the origin of the variability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Katoch
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816-2385, USA. Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816-2385, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Imai H, Kamei H, Onishi Y, Yamada K, Ishizu Y, Ishigami M, Goto H, Ogura Y. Successful Living-Donor Liver Transplantation for Cholestatic Liver Failure Induced by Allopurinol: Case Report. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:2778-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
9
|
Jeon J, Lodge MS, Dawson BD, Ishigami M, Shewmaker F, Chen B. Superb resolution and contrast of transmission electron microscopy images of unstained biological samples on graphene-coated grids. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:3807-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
10
|
Dean CR, Wang L, Maher P, Forsythe C, Ghahari F, Gao Y, Katoch J, Ishigami M, Moon P, Koshino M, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Shepard KL, Hone J, Kim P. Hofstadter's butterfly and the fractal quantum Hall effect in moiré superlattices. Nature 2013; 497:598-602. [PMID: 23676673 DOI: 10.1038/nature12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 561] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Electrons moving through a spatially periodic lattice potential develop a quantized energy spectrum consisting of discrete Bloch bands. In two dimensions, electrons moving through a magnetic field also develop a quantized energy spectrum, consisting of highly degenerate Landau energy levels. When subject to both a magnetic field and a periodic electrostatic potential, two-dimensional systems of electrons exhibit a self-similar recursive energy spectrum. Known as Hofstadter's butterfly, this complex spectrum results from an interplay between the characteristic lengths associated with the two quantizing fields, and is one of the first quantum fractals discovered in physics. In the decades since its prediction, experimental attempts to study this effect have been limited by difficulties in reconciling the two length scales. Typical atomic lattices (with periodicities of less than one nanometre) require unfeasibly large magnetic fields to reach the commensurability condition, and in artificially engineered structures (with periodicities greater than about 100 nanometres) the corresponding fields are too small to overcome disorder completely. Here we demonstrate that moiré superlattices arising in bilayer graphene coupled to hexagonal boron nitride provide a periodic modulation with ideal length scales of the order of ten nanometres, enabling unprecedented experimental access to the fractal spectrum. We confirm that quantum Hall features associated with the fractal gaps are described by two integer topological quantum numbers, and report evidence of their recursive structure. Observation of a Hofstadter spectrum in bilayer graphene means that it is possible to investigate emergent behaviour within a fractal energy landscape in a system with tunable internal degrees of freedom.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C R Dean
- Department of Physics, The City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shevitski B, Mecklenburg M, Hubbard WA, White ER, Dawson B, Lodge MS, Ishigami M, Regan BC. Dark-field transmission electron microscopy and the Debye-Waller factor of graphene. Phys Rev B Condens Matter Mater Phys 2013. [PMID: 25242882 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.87.045317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Graphene's structure bears on both the material's electronic properties and fundamental questions about long range order in two-dimensional crystals. We present an analytic calculation of selected area electron diffraction from multi-layer graphene and compare it with data from samples prepared by chemical vapor deposition and mechanical exfoliation. A single layer scatters only 0.5% of the incident electrons, so this kinematical calculation can be considered reliable for five or fewer layers. Dark-field transmission electron micrographs of multi-layer graphene illustrate how knowledge of the diffraction peak intensities can be applied for rapid mapping of thickness, stacking, and grain boundaries. The diffraction peak intensities also depend on the mean-square displacement of atoms from their ideal lattice locations, which is parameterized by a Debye-Waller factor. We measure the Debye-Waller factor of a suspended monolayer of exfoliated graphene and find a result consistent with an estimate based on the Debye model. For laboratory-scale graphene samples, finite size effects are sufficient to stabilize the graphene lattice against melting, indicating that ripples in the third dimension are not necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Shevitski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Matthew Mecklenburg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- Microelectronics Technology Department, The Aerospace Corporation, Los Angeles, California 90009, USA
| | - William A Hubbard
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - E R White
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Ben Dawson
- Department of Physics and Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - M S Lodge
- Department of Physics and Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Masa Ishigami
- Department of Physics and Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - B C Regan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shevitski B, Mecklenburg M, Hubbard WA, White ER, Dawson B, Lodge MS, Ishigami M, Regan BC. Dark-field transmission electron microscopy and the Debye-Waller factor of graphene. Phys Rev B Condens Matter Mater Phys 2013. [PMID: 25242882 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.88.045416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Graphene's structure bears on both the material's electronic properties and fundamental questions about long range order in two-dimensional crystals. We present an analytic calculation of selected area electron diffraction from multi-layer graphene and compare it with data from samples prepared by chemical vapor deposition and mechanical exfoliation. A single layer scatters only 0.5% of the incident electrons, so this kinematical calculation can be considered reliable for five or fewer layers. Dark-field transmission electron micrographs of multi-layer graphene illustrate how knowledge of the diffraction peak intensities can be applied for rapid mapping of thickness, stacking, and grain boundaries. The diffraction peak intensities also depend on the mean-square displacement of atoms from their ideal lattice locations, which is parameterized by a Debye-Waller factor. We measure the Debye-Waller factor of a suspended monolayer of exfoliated graphene and find a result consistent with an estimate based on the Debye model. For laboratory-scale graphene samples, finite size effects are sufficient to stabilize the graphene lattice against melting, indicating that ripples in the third dimension are not necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Shevitski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Matthew Mecklenburg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- Microelectronics Technology Department, The Aerospace Corporation, Los Angeles, California 90009, USA
| | - William A Hubbard
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - E R White
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Ben Dawson
- Department of Physics and Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - M S Lodge
- Department of Physics and Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Masa Ishigami
- Department of Physics and Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - B C Regan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shevitski B, Mecklenburg M, Hubbard WA, White ER, Dawson B, Lodge MS, Ishigami M, Regan BC. Dark-field transmission electron microscopy and the Debye-Waller factor of graphene. Phys Rev B Condens Matter Mater Phys 2013; 87:045417. [PMID: 25242882 PMCID: PMC4167771 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.87.045417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Graphene's structure bears on both the material's electronic properties and fundamental questions about long range order in two-dimensional crystals. We present an analytic calculation of selected area electron diffraction from multi-layer graphene and compare it with data from samples prepared by chemical vapor deposition and mechanical exfoliation. A single layer scatters only 0.5% of the incident electrons, so this kinematical calculation can be considered reliable for five or fewer layers. Dark-field transmission electron micrographs of multi-layer graphene illustrate how knowledge of the diffraction peak intensities can be applied for rapid mapping of thickness, stacking, and grain boundaries. The diffraction peak intensities also depend on the mean-square displacement of atoms from their ideal lattice locations, which is parameterized by a Debye-Waller factor. We measure the Debye-Waller factor of a suspended monolayer of exfoliated graphene and find a result consistent with an estimate based on the Debye model. For laboratory-scale graphene samples, finite size effects are sufficient to stabilize the graphene lattice against melting, indicating that ripples in the third dimension are not necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Shevitski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Matthew Mecklenburg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- Microelectronics Technology Department, The Aerospace Corporation, Los Angeles, California 90009, USA
| | - William A. Hubbard
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - E. R. White
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| | - Ben Dawson
- Department of Physics and Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - M. S. Lodge
- Department of Physics and Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Masa Ishigami
- Department of Physics and Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - B. C. Regan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kamei H, Onishi Y, Horie T, Kimura H, Ishigami M, Kiuchi T. Relation Between the Time for Decision-Making for Donation and Psychological Status of Donors Following Living Donor Liver Transplantation. Transplantation 2012. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-201211271-01253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
15
|
Abstract
Here we examine the effects of folding and scrolling on the Raman spectra of mechanically exfoliated single- and bilayer graphene prepared on SiO(2) substrates. We find that incommensurate folding in bilayer graphene results in a shift of the second-order G' band frequency, similar to that observed in folded single-layer graphene due to fold-induced changes in the phonon/electronic energy dispersion. Importantly, we show that the contrasting Raman shifts reported for the G' band frequency in folded graphene can be rationalized by taking into account the relative strength of fold-induced electron/phonon renormalization. More interestingly, we find that curvature in scrolled graphene lifts the degeneracy of the G band and results in a splitting of the G band and the appearance of low-frequency radial breathing-like (RBLM) modes. This study highlights a variety of Raman signatures for fold-induced and curvature-induced graphene and sets the stage for further theoretical and experimental studies of these novel structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Podila
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Katoch J, Kim SN, Kuang Z, Farmer BL, Naik RR, Tatulian SA, Ishigami M. Structure of a peptide adsorbed on graphene and graphite. Nano Lett 2012; 12:2342-2346. [PMID: 22471315 DOI: 10.1021/nl300286k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Noncovalent functionalization of graphene using peptides is a promising method for producing novel sensors with high sensitivity and selectivity. Here we perform atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations to investigate peptide-binding behavior to graphene and graphite. We studied a dodecamer peptide identified with phage display to possess affinity for graphite. Optical spectroscopy reveals that the peptide forms secondary structures both in powder form and in an aqueous medium. The dominant structure in the powder form is α-helix, which undergoes a transition to a distorted helical structure in aqueous solution. The peptide forms a complex reticular structure upon adsorption on graphene and graphite, having a helical conformation different from α-helix due to its interaction with the surface. Our observation is consistent with our molecular dynamics calculations, and our study paves the way for rational functionalization of graphene using biomolecules with defined structures and, therefore, functionalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Katoch
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816-2385, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chandra B, Perebeinos V, Berciaud S, Katoch J, Ishigami M, Kim P, Heinz TF, Hone J. Low bias electron scattering in structure-identified single wall carbon nanotubes: role of substrate polar phonons. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:146601. [PMID: 22107221 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.146601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We have performed temperature-dependent electrical transport measurements on known structure single wall carbon nanotubes at low bias. The experiments show a superlinear increase in nanotube resistivity with temperature, which is in contradiction with the linear dependence expected from nanotube acoustic-phonon scattering. The measured electron mean free path is also much lower than expected, especially at medium to high temperatures (>100 K). A theoretical model that includes scattering due to surface polar phonon modes of the substrates reproduces the experiments very well. The role of surface phonons is further confirmed by resistivity measurements of nanotubes on aluminum nitride.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhupesh Chandra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Ordered assemblies of dye molecules, dye aggregates, possess significantly larger molar optical absorptivity than dye monomers. Yet, aggregates have not been utilized for photosensitizing nanoscale electronic devices. We find that single-walled carbon nanotubes, which are cleaned down to the atomic scale, template the growth of squaraine dye aggregates and these aggregates effectively photosensitize nanotubes. Templating of aggregates by nanotubes and functionalization of nanotubes with ordered molecular films are reported for the first time. The sensitivity achieved by aggregate-functionalized nanotube network devices is approximately an order of magnitude better than those of similar nanotube devices functionalized with dye monomers and photoactive polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Tsuchikawa
- Department of Physics and Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hayashi K, Katano Y, Ishigami M, Itoh A, Hirooka Y, Nakano I, Urano F, Yoshioka K, Toyoda H, Kumada T, Goto H. Mutations in the core and NS5A region of hepatitis C virus genotype 1b and correlation with response to pegylated-interferon-alpha 2b and ribavirin combination therapy. J Viral Hepat 2011; 18:280-6. [PMID: 20367792 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01305.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in two regions of hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been implicated in influencing response to interferon (IFN) therapy. Substitutions in the NS5A region of HCV have been associated with response to IFN therapy, and this region has been known as the IFN sensitivity-determining region (ISDR). The mutations in the core region of HCV have also been reported to predict IFN response. The aim of this study was to investigate whether amino acid substitutions in the core region and ISDR among patients with HCV genotype 1b affect the response to IFN therapy. A total of 213 patients who completed IFN treatment were randomly selected. All patients received pegylated-IFN-alpha 2b once each week, plus oral ribavirin daily for 48 weeks. Of the 213 patients, 117 (54.9%) showed early virologic response (EVR), with HCV-negativity, at 12 weeks. Factors related to EVR on multivariate analysis were non-Gln70 and Leu91 in the core region, and ISDR mutant-type. One hundred and two (47.9%) showed a sustained virologic response (SVR). SVR occurred more frequently in patients without Gln70 (55.4%) than in those with Gln70 (21.3%) (P < 0.0001). SVR was achieved in 43.6% of patients with wild-type ISDR and 62.5% of patients with mutant-type (P = 0.0227). Of the 34 patients who simultaneously had non-Gln70 and mutant-type ISDR, 26 (76.5%) achieved SVR. Factors related to SVR on multivariate analysis were non-Gln70 and ISDR mutant-type. In conclusion, amino acid substitutions in the core region and ISDR were useful for predicting the response to IFN in patients with HCV genotype 1b.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rao R, Podila R, Tsuchikawa R, Katoch J, Tishler D, Rao AM, Ishigami M. Effects of layer stacking on the combination Raman modes in graphene. ACS Nano 2011; 5:1594-1599. [PMID: 21204569 DOI: 10.1021/nn1031017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We have observed new combination modes in the range from 1650 to 2300 cm(-1) in single-(SLG), bi-, few-layer and incommensurate bilayer graphene (IBLG) on silicon dioxide substrates. A peak at ∼1860 cm(-1) (iTALO-) is observed due to a combination of the in-plane transverse acoustic (iTA) and the longitudinal optical (LO) phonons. The intensity of this peak decreases with increasing number of layers and this peak is absent for bulk graphite. The overtone of the out-of-plane transverse optical (oTO) phonon at ∼1750 cm(-1), also called the M band, is suppressed for both SLG and IBLG. In addition, two previously unidentified modes at ∼2200 and ∼1880 cm(-1) are observed in SLG. The 2220 cm(-1) (1880 cm(-1)) mode is tentatively assigned to the combination mode of in-plane transverse optical (iTO) and TA phonons (oTO+LO phonons) around the K point in the graphene Brillouin zone. Finally, the peak frequency of the 1880 (2220) cm(-1) mode is observed to increase (decrease) linearly with increasing graphene layers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Rao
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, WPAFB, Ohio 45433, United States.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kawase R, Ohama T, Matsuyama A, Okura H, Matsuwaki T, Yuasa-Kawase M, Nakatani K, Inagaki M, Sandoval J, Tsubakio-Yamamoto K, Masuda D, Nakagawa-Toyama Y, Nishida M, Ishigami M, Ohmoto Y, Nishihara M, Komuro I, Yamashita S. P354 A NOVEL HDL-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN, PROGRANULIN, IS INVOLVED IN LIPID METABOLISM AND MACROPHAGE RECRUITMENT INTO ADIPOSE TISSUES. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70421-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
22
|
Tsubakio-Yamamoto K, Ohama T, Masuda D, Sandoval J, Inagaki M, Nakatani K, Yuasa-Kawase M, Kawase R, Nakaoka H, Nakagawa-Toyama Y, Nishida M, Ishigami M, Kihara S, Shimomura I, Komuro I, Yamashita S. P294 ADIPONECTIN ENHANCES DE NOVO HEPATIC HDL SYNTHESIS THROUGH LXR ALPHA- AND COUP-TFII-DEPENDENT PATHWAYS. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70361-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
23
|
Inagaki M, Nakagawa-Toyama Y, Kawase R, Nakaoka H, Nakatani K, Yuasa-Kawase M, Tsubakio-Yamamoto K, Sandoval J, Masuda D, Ohama T, Nishida M, Ishigami M, Yamashita S. P300 EFFECT OF PROBUCOL ON AN ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTY OF HDL IN PATIENTS WITH HETEROZYGOUS FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70367-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
24
|
Nakatani K, Sugimoto T, Kawase R, Nakaoka H, Inagaki M, Yuasa-Kawase M, Tsubakio-Yamamoto K, Sandoval J, Masuda D, Ohama T, Nakagawa-Toyama Y, Nishida M, Ishigami M, Komuro I, Yamashita S. MS54 SERUM APOLIPOPROTEIN B-48 LEVEL IS CORRELATED WITH CAROTID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS (IMT) IN SUBJECTS WITH NORMAL SERUM TRIGLYCERIDE LEVEL. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70555-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
25
|
Masuda D, Nakagawa-Toyama Y, Nakatani K, Inagaki M, Tsubakio-Yamamoto K, Sandoval JC, Ohama T, Nishida M, Ishigami M, Yamashita S. Ezetimibe improves postprandial hyperlipidaemia in patients with type IIb hyperlipidaemia. Eur J Clin Invest 2009; 39:689-98. [PMID: 19490064 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2009.02163.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postprandial hyperlipidaemia is known to be a high-risk factor for atherosclerotic disease because of rapid and lasting accumulations of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and remnants. The Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 (NPC1L1) protein acts as an intestinal cholesterol transporter and ezetimibe, which inhibits NPC1L1, has been used in patients with hypercholesterolaemia. We investigated effects of ezetimibe on fasting lipid and lipoprotein profiles and postprandial hyperlipidaemia in patients with type IIb hyperlipidaemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ezetimibe 10 mg per day was administered in ten patients with type IIb hyperlipidaemia for 2 months, and lipid and lipoprotein profiles were examined during fasting and after an oral fat loading (OFL) test. RESULTS In the fasting state, ezetimibe significantly decreased not only total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and apolipoproteinB-100 (apoB-100) levels but triglycerides (TG), apoB-48 and remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RemL-C) levels. High performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that ezetimibe decreased cholesterol and TG levels in the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and LDL size ranges as well as apoB-100 levels, suggesting a decrease in numbers of VLDL and LDL particles. After OFL, ezetimibe decreased the area under the curve for TG, apoB-48 and RemL-C. Ezetimibe decreased postprandial elevations of cholesterol and TG levels in the chylomicrons (CM) size range, suggesting that the postprandial production of CM particles was suppressed by ezetimibe. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that ezetimibe improves fasting lipoprotein profiles and postprandial hyperlipidaemia by suppressing intestinal CM production in patients with type IIb hyperlipidaemia and such treatment may prove to be effective in reducing atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Masuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tsubakio-Yamamoto K, Ohama T, Inagaki M, Nakatani K, Sandoval J, Masuda D, Nakagawa-Toyama Y, Nishida M, Ishigami M, Yamashita S. Abstract: P862 SERUM OXYSTEROL LEVELS ARE ELEVATED IN A PATIENT WITH GIANT NECROTIC TENDON XANTHOMATOSIS AND CAROTID AND CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)70983-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
27
|
Ohama T, Yamamoto K, Nakatani K, Inagaki M, Sandoval J, Masuda D, Toyama Y, Nishida M, Ishigami M, Yamashita S. Abstract: P430 ROLE OF ADIPONECTIN IN THE ATHEROPROTECTIVE SYSTEM VIA HDL-CHOLESTEROL. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)70725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
28
|
Masuda D, Inagaki M, Nakatani K, Tsubakio-Yamamoto K, Ohama T, Nakagawa-Toyama Y, Nishida M, Ishigami M, Yamashita S. Abstract: P749 SERUM CONCENTRATIONS OF LINOLEIC ACIDS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES BY LIPID PEROXIDATION ARE INCREASED IN PATIENTS WITH CD36 DEFICIENCY. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)70118-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
29
|
Inagaki M, Masuda D, Nakatani K, Tsubakio-Yamamoto K, Ohama T, Nakagawa-Toyama Y, Nishida M, Ishigami M, Yamashita S. Abstract: P410 EZETIMIBE IMPROVES POSTPRANDIAL HYPERLIPIDEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE IIB HYPERLIPIDEMIA. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)70705-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
30
|
Ishigami M, Taguchi M, Nishida M, Moriyama T, Yamashita S, Yamamura T. Abstract: P926 CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF REMNANT LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL DETERMINATION IN METABOLIC SYNDROMESTUDIES WITH A NEWLY DEVELOPED HOMOGENOUS ASSAY-. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)71047-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
31
|
Koseki M, Tsubakio-Yamamoto K, Yuasa-Kawase M, Oku H, Sandoval J, Masuda D, Matsuura F, Nishida M, Ishigami M, Hirano K, Hattori H, Shimomura I, Hori M, Yamashita S. EZETIMIBE MARKEDLY REDUCED SERUM PLANT STEROLS IN JAPANESE PATIENTS WITH SITOSTEROLEMIA. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(08)70744-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
32
|
Yamamoto K, Koseki M, Matsuura F, Oku H, Sandoval J, Kawase M, Masuda D, Nishida M, Ishigami M, Hirano K, Kihara S, Hori M, Shimomura I, Yamashita S. ADIPONECTIN ENHANCES APOA-1- AND HDL- MEDIATED CHOLESTEROL EFFLUX FROM HUMAN MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(08)70202-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
33
|
Chen JH, Jang C, Xiao S, Ishigami M, Fuhrer MS. Intrinsic and extrinsic performance limits of graphene devices on SiO2. Nat Nanotechnol 2008; 3:206-9. [PMID: 18654504 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2008.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 910] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2007] [Accepted: 02/19/2008] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The linear dispersion relation in graphene gives rise to a surprising prediction: the resistivity due to isotropic scatterers, such as white-noise disorder or phonons, is independent of carrier density, n. Here we show that electron-acoustic phonon scattering is indeed independent of n, and contributes only 30 Omega to graphene's room-temperature resistivity. At a technologically relevant carrier density of 1 x1012 cm-2, we infer a mean free path for electron-acoustic phonon scattering of >2 microm and an intrinsic mobility limit of 2 x 105 cm2 V-1 s-1. If realized, this mobility would exceed that of InSb, the inorganic semiconductor with the highest known mobility ( approximately 7.7 x 104 cm2 V-1 s-1; ref. 9) and that of semiconducting carbon nanotubes ( approximately 1 x 105 cm2 V-1 s-1; ref. 10). A strongly temperature-dependent resistivity contribution is observed above approximately 200 K (ref. 8); its magnitude, temperature dependence and carrier-density dependence are consistent with extrinsic scattering by surface phonons at the SiO2 substrate and limit the room-temperature mobility to approximately 4 x 104 cm2 V-1 s-1, indicating the importance of substrate choice for graphene devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hao Chen
- Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kawase M, Masuda D, Hirano K, Ikegami C, Oku H, Sandoval J, Yamamoto K, Takada M, Ishikawa Y, Kirino M, Koseki M, Matsuura F, Yamane M, Nishida M, Ishigami M, Shimomura I, Yamashita S. PO18-513 CD36 DEFICIENCY IS ASSOCIATED WITH PHENOTYPES OF THE METABOLIC SYNDROME AND ENHANCED ATHEROSCLEROTIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(07)71523-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
35
|
Masuda D, Hirano K, Tochino Y, Ikegami C, Oku H, Sandoval J, Kawase M, Yamamoto K, Koseki M, Matsuura F, Nishida M, Ishigami M, Shimomura I, Yamashita S. PO2-36 POSTPRANDIAL HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA IN CD36 DEFICIENCY IS CAUSED BY AN ACCELERATED LIPOPROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN THE SMALL INTESTINES. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(07)71046-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
36
|
Abstract
We employ scanning probe microscopy to reveal atomic structures and nanoscale morphology of graphene-based electronic devices (i.e., a graphene sheet supported by an insulating silicon dioxide substrate) for the first time. Atomic resolution scanning tunneling microscopy images reveal the presence of a strong spatially dependent perturbation, which breaks the hexagonal lattice symmetry of the graphitic lattice. Structural corrugations of the graphene sheet partially conform to the underlying silicon oxide substrate. These effects are obscured or modified on graphene devices processed with normal lithographic methods, as they are covered with a layer of photoresist residue. We enable our experiments by a novel cleaning process to produce atomically clean graphene sheets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masa Ishigami
- Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Matsuura F, Koseki M, Oku Y, Ikegami C, Kawase M, Yamamoto K, Masuda D, Nishida M, Ishigami M, Hirano K, Kihara S, Shimomura I, Yamashita S. PO1-4 ADIPONECTIN ACCELERATES REVERSE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT BY INCREASING HDL ASSEMBLY THROUGH UPREGULATION OF ABCA1 PATHWAY AND APOA-I SYNTHESIS IN THE LIVER. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(07)71014-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
38
|
Abstract
We have imaged boron nitride nanotubes with atomic scale resolution using scanning tunneling microscopy. While some nanotubes show the expected triangular lattice pattern, the majority of the nanotubes show unusual stripe patterns which break the underlying symmetry of the boron nitride lattice. We identify the origin of the symmetry breaking and demonstrate that conventional STM imaging analysis is inadequate for boron nitride nanotubes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masa Ishigami
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yorifuji S, Iwatani Y, Kawano S, Inagaki S, Sugiyama H, Matsuura N, Yamanura T, Yamamoto Y, Higashi T, Horio M, Oji Y, Yamaguchi H, Watanabe M, Kawaguchi N, Ohoka Y, Hirata M, Ishigami M, Eguchi H, Hamada Y. [Extensive educational program for high performance medical technologists]. Rinsho Byori 2006; 54:295-8. [PMID: 16637580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The education system for medical technologists has recently been revolutionized, their educational periods vary from 2 to 9 years, and some already have doctoral degrees. In such a new situation, our faculty thinks that the most important point for new medical technologists is the ability to have a broad view of the clinical fields, especially the view of patients. Special training in bed-side education and a stint in several divisions, such as the surgical operation room, rehabilitation. radiological examination room, pharmacy, central storage room of medical records, and medical informatics, and so on, of the hospital is a powerful tool to obtain a broad view of the various clinical fields and can be essential for developing high performance medical technologists. As nine years have passed since starting this education, we evaluated this practice through systematic personal communication. As a result, it was found to be extremely effective for many reasons such as having a continuous image of the patient when they examine the blood sample in the hospital laboratory, showing advanced laboratory performance, and having no mental barrier to visiting the wards and so on. The abilities of our alumni are praised highly by many large scale hospitals around the country and 50% of them are working in the clinical laboratory division of these hospitals. About 40% are working in the division of research and development in various companies. We express sincere thanks to the director and all cooperative individuals for this course in the Osaka University Hospital.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Yorifuji
- Laboratory Science, Allied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ishigami M, Yamashita S, Sakai N, Miyauchi K, Yamamura T. Th-P15:79 New assay for remnant lipoprotein cholesterol using selective detergents and phospholipase D-clinical significance in postprandial hyperlipidemia. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)82039-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
41
|
Yoshioka K, Ito H, Watanabe K, Yano M, Ishigami M, Mizutani T, Sasaki Y, Goto H. Interferon sensitivity-determining region of nonstructural region 5A of hepatitis C virus genotype 1b correlates with serum alanine aminotransferase levels in chronic infection. J Viral Hepat 2005; 12:139-45. [PMID: 15720528 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2005.00561.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The mutations in the interferon (IFN) sensitivity-determining region (ISDR) of nonstructural region 5A (NS5A) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been correlated with response to IFN therapy. NS5A appears to disrupt a host antiviral pathway that plays a role in suppressing virus replication and protects hepatocytes from apoptosis. We assessed whether ISDR correlates with viral load and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Serum viral load and ALT levels were prospectively measured bimonthly by HCV core protein assay and monthly, respectively, for 22 months in 87 patients chronically infected with HCV genotype 1b. ISDR of HCV was directly sequenced from the products of reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction of HCV RNA. Five patients had four or more substitutions (mutant type), 33 had 1-3 (intermediate type), and 49 had no substitutions (wild type) in ISDR. The numbers of substitutions in ISDR were inversely correlated with mean viral load over a 22-month period (r = 0.292, P = 0.0060) and directly with mean serum ALT levels (r = 0.360, P = 0.0006). The numbers of substitutions in ISDR was significantly larger in the patients with changes of viral load more than fivefold during the 22 months (1.4 +/- 2.4) than in those without changes (0.6 +/- 0.8) (P = 0.0188). The present study demonstrates that the patients with more substitutions in ISDR had significantly higher serum ALT levels and smaller viral load. These results suggest that NS5A with more substitutions in ISDR may lose the ability to block host antiviral pathways and to protect hepatocytes from apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshioka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ishigami M, Sau JD, Aloni S, Cohen ML, Zettl A. Observation of the giant stark effect in boron-nitride nanotubes. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:056804. [PMID: 15783676 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.056804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Bias dependent scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy have been used to characterize the influence of transverse electric fields on the electronic properties of boron-nitride nanotubes (BNNTs). We find experimental evidence for the theoretically predicted giant Stark effect. The observed giant Stark effect significantly reduces the band gap of BNNTs and thus greatly enhances the utility of BNNTs for nanoscale electronic, electromechanical, and optoelectronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masa Ishigami
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
We have developed a novel iterative experimental-theoretical technique which can identify the atomic structure of defects in many-atom nanoscale materials from scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy data. A given model for a defect structure is iteratively improved until calculated microscopy and spectroscopy data based on the model converge on the experimental results. We use the technique to identify a defect responsible for the electronic properties of a carbon nanotube intramolecular junction. Our technique can be extended for analysis of defect structures in nanoscale materials in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masa Ishigami
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Matsuyama A, Sakai N, Ishigami M, Kashine S, Hirata A, Nakamura T, Hiraoka H, Yamashita S. M.584 Matrix metalloproteinases as novel disease markers in takayasu arteritis. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(04)90582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
45
|
Matsuyama A, Sakai N, Ishigami M, Kashine S, Hirata A, Nakamura T, Hiraoka H, Yamashita S. M.585 Minocycline has a steroid-sparing effect in treatment of Takayasu arteritis. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(04)90583-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
46
|
Saika Y, Sakai N, Takahashi M, Maruyama T, Kihara S, Ouchi N, Ishigami M, Hiraoka H, Nakamura T, Yamashita S, Matsuzawa Y. Novel LPL mutation (L303F) found in a patient associated with coronary artery disease and severe systemic atherosclerosis. Eur J Clin Invest 2003; 33:216-22. [PMID: 12641539 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2362.2003.01129.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency had been generally thought to be spared accelerated atherosclerosis in spite of a marked elevation of plasma triglyceride levels. However, it has been recently reported that some heterozygous and homozygous LPL-deficient patients are associated with premature atherosclerosis. In this paper, we report a 55-year-old type I hyperlipidaemic patient with a novel missense mutation in the LPL gene. PATIENT AND RESULTS The patient had suffered from coronary artery disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and stenoses of the bilateral renal arteries and superficial femoral arteries. Sequencing of the genomic DNA revealed that the patient was a homozygote for the mutation, a G to C transition at nucleotide position 1069 in the exon 6, resulting in an amino acid substitution of Phe for Leu303 (L303F). Approximately 6% and approximately 40% of normal LPL activity and LPL mass, respectively, were detected in the patient's postheparin plasma. An in vitro expression study demonstrated that COS7 cells transfected with L303F mutant cDNA produced a 40% amount of LPL protein in cell lysates compared with normal cDNA, but no protein was detected in the media. Lipoprotein lipase activity was completely absent in both lysates and media of the cells transfected with the mutant cDNA, suggesting that this mutation in the LPL gene results in the production of a functionally inactive protein. CONCLUSION This case suggests that the LPL missense mutation (L303F), which impairs lipolysis but preserves the LPL mass, is proatherogenic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Saika
- Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Koseki M, Matsuyama A, Ishigami M, Hirano K, Sakai N, Hiraoka H, Nakamura T, Hattori H, Nagano M, Egashira T, Yamashita S, Matsuzawa Y. 2P-0450 Identification of a novel mutation in the ATP-binding cassette transporter G5 (ABCG5) in a Japanese patient with sitosterolemia. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)90592-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
48
|
Ohama T, Hirano K, Zhang Z, Tsujii K, Nakagawa-Toyoma Y, Matsuyama A, Ishigami M, Sakai N, Hiraoka H, Ueda K, Yamashita S, Matsuzawa Y. 2P-0441 Dominant expression of ATP binding cassette transporter A1 on basolateral surface of human intestinal epithelium. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)90583-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
49
|
Ishigami M, Yamashita S, Sakai N, Hirano K, Hiraoka H, Nakamura T, Matsuzawa Y. 2P-0556 Effects of atorvastatin on remnant lipoprotein metabolism in type III hyperlipoproteinemia - comparison with fenofibrate. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)90695-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
50
|
Kuwasako T, Hirano KI, Sakai N, Ishigami M, Hiraoka H, Yamashita S, Matsuzawa Y. 3P-0751 Postprandial hyperlipidemia and increased remnant lipoproteins in human genetic CD36 deficiency. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)90969-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|