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Fujita K, Isozumi N, Zhu Q, Matsubayashi M, Taniguchi T, Arakawa H, Shirasaka Y, Mori E, Tamai I. Unique Binding Sites of Uricosuric Agent Dotinurad for Selective Inhibition of Renal Uric Acid Reabsorptive Transporter URAT1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024:JPET-AR-2023-002096. [PMID: 38670801 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.124.002096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dotinurad was developed as a uricosuric agent, inhibiting urate (UA) reabsorption through the UA transporter URAT1 in the kidneys. Due to its high selectivity for URAT1 among renal UA transporters, we investigated the mechanism underlying this selectivity by identifying dotinurad binding sites specific to URAT1. Dotinurad was docked to URAT1 using AutoDock4, utilizing the AlphaFold2-predicted structure. The inhibitory effects of dotinurad on wild-type and mutated URAT1 at the predicted binding sites were assessed through URAT1-mediated [14C]UA uptake in Xenopus oocytes. Nine amino acid residues in URAT1 were identified as dotinurad-binding sites. Sequence alignment with UA-transporting organic anion transporters (OATs) revealed that H142 and R487 were unique to URAT1 among renal UA-transporting OATs. For H142, IC50 values of dotinurad increased to 62, 55, and 76 nM for mutated URAT1 (H142A, H142E, and H142R, respectively), compared to 19 nM for the wild-type, indicating that H142 contributes to URAT1-selective interaction with dotinurad. H142 was predicted to interact with the phenyl-hydroxyl group of dotinurad. The IC50 of the hydroxyl group methylated dotinurad (F13141) was 165 μM, 8,420-fold higher than dotinurad, suggesting the interaction of H142 and the phenyl-hydroxyl group by forming a hydrogen bond. Regarding R487, URAT1-R487A exhibited a loss of activity. Interestingly, the URAT1-H142A/R487A double mutant restored UA transport activity, with the IC50 value of dotinurad for the mutant (388 nM) significantly higher than that for H142A (73.5 nM). These results demonstrate that H142 and R487 of URAT1 determine its selectivity for dotinurad, a uniqueness observed only in URAT1 among UA-transporting OATs. Significance Statement Dotinurad selectively inhibits the urate reabsorption transporter URAT1 in renal urate-transporting OATs. This study demonstrates that dotinurad interacts with H142 and R487 of URAT1, located in the extracellular domain and unique among OATs when aligning amino acid sequences. Mutations in these residues reduce affinity of dotinurad for URAT1, confirming their role in conferring selective inhibition. Additionally, the interaction between dotinurad and URAT1 involving H142 was found to mediate hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yoshiyuki Shirasaka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Mori
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Japan
| | - Ikumi Tamai
- Facylty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Japan
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2
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Sakaguchi YM, Wiriyasermkul P, Matsubayashi M, Miyasaka M, Sakaguchi N, Sahara Y, Takasato M, Kinugawa K, Sugie K, Eriguchi M, Tsuruya K, Kuniyasu H, Nagamori S, Mori E. Identification of three distinct cell populations for urate excretion in human kidneys. J Physiol Sci 2024; 74:1. [PMID: 38166558 PMCID: PMC10763458 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-023-00894-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
In humans, uric acid is an end-product of purine metabolism. Urate excretion from the human kidney is tightly regulated by reabsorption and secretion. At least eleven genes have been identified as human renal urate transporters. However, it remains unclear whether all renal tubular cells express the same set of urate transporters. Here, we show renal tubular cells are divided into three distinct cell populations for urate handling. Analysis of healthy human kidneys at single-cell resolution revealed that not all tubular cells expressed the same set of urate transporters. Only 32% of tubular cells were related to both reabsorption and secretion, while the remaining tubular cells were related to either reabsorption or secretion at 5% and 63%, respectively. These results provide physiological insight into the molecular function of the transporters and renal urate handling on single-cell units. Our findings suggest that three different cell populations cooperate to regulate urate excretion from the human kidney, and our proposed framework is a step forward in broadening the view from the molecular to the cellular level of transport capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko M Sakaguchi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
- Center for SI Medical Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Pattama Wiriyasermkul
- Center for SI Medical Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Masaya Matsubayashi
- Biological Research Department, Research Institute, Fuji Yakuhin Co., Ltd., Saitama, Japan
| | - Masaki Miyasaka
- Center for SI Medical Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nau Sakaguchi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sahara
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Minoru Takasato
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kinugawa
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sugie
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Masahiro Eriguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Tsuruya
- Department of Nephrology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Shushi Nagamori
- Center for SI Medical Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Collaborative Research for Bio-Molecular Dynamics, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - Eiichiro Mori
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
- V-iCliniX Laboratory, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
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3
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Morikane S, Ishida K, Taniguchi T, Ashizawa N, Matsubayashi M, Kurita N, Kobashi S, Iwanaga T. Identification of a DBA/2 Mouse Sub-strain as a Model for Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum-Like Tissue Calcification. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:1737-1744. [PMID: 38044132 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic calcification in the cardiovascular system adversely affects life prognosis. DBA/2 mice experience calcification owing to low expression of Abcc6 as observed in pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) patients; however, little is known about its characteristics as a calcification model. In this study, we explore the suitability of a DBA/2 sub-strain as a PXE-like tissue calcification model, and the effect of a bisphosphonate which prevents calcification of soft tissues in hypercalcemic models was evaluated. The incidence of calcification of the heart was compared among several sub-strains and between both sexes of DBA/2 mice. mRNA expression of calcification-related genes was compared with DBA/2 sub-strains and other mouse strains. In addition, progression of calcification and calciprotein particle formation in serum were examined. Among several sub-strains of DBA/2 mice, male DBA/2CrSlc mice showed the most remarkable cardiac calcification. In DBA/2CrSlc mice, expression of the anti-calcifying genes Abcc6, Enpp1 and Spp1 was lower than that in C57BL/6J, and expression of Enpp1 and Spp1 was lower compared with other sub-strains. Calcification was accompanied by accelerated formation of calciprotein particle, which was prevented by daily treatment with bisphosphonate. A model suitable for ectopic calcification was identified by choosing a sub-strain of DBA/2 mice, in which genetic characteristics would contribute to extended calcification.
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Shiota T, Nagata R, Kikuchi S, Nanaura H, Matsubayashi M, Nakanishi M, Kobashigawa S, Isozumi N, Kiriyama T, Nagayama K, Sugie K, Yamashiro Y, Mori E. C9orf72-Derived Proline:Arginine Poly-Dipeptides Modulate Cytoskeleton and Mechanical Stress Response. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:750829. [PMID: 35399536 PMCID: PMC8983821 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.750829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Proline:arginine (PR) poly-dipeptides from the GGGGCC repeat expansion in C9orf72 have cytotoxicity and bind intermediate filaments (IFs). However, it remains unknown how PR poly-dipeptides affect cytoskeletal organization and focal adhesion (FA) formation. Here, we show that changes to the cytoskeleton and FA by PR poly-dipeptides result in the alteration of cell stiffness and mechanical stress response. PR poly-dipeptides increased the junctions and branches of the IF network and increased cell stiffness. They also changed the distribution of actin filaments and increased the size of FA and intracellular calcium concentration. PR poly-dipeptides or an inhibitor of IF organization prevented cell detachment. Furthermore, PR poly-dipeptides induced upregulation of mechanical stress response factors and led to a maladaptive response to cyclic stretch. These results suggest that the effects of PR poly-dipeptides on mechanical properties and mechanical stress response may serve as a pathogenesis of C9orf72-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomo Shiota
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Riko Nagata
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Sotaro Kikuchi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hitoki Nanaura
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Masaya Matsubayashi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Mari Nakanishi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shinko Kobashigawa
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Isozumi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Takao Kiriyama
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nagayama
- Micro-Nano Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Ibaraki University, Hitachi, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sugie
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yoshito Yamashiro
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, Tsukuba, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yoshito Yamashiro, ; Eiichiro Mori,
| | - Eiichiro Mori
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
- V-iCliniX Laboratory, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yoshito Yamashiro, ; Eiichiro Mori,
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5
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Iwasa N, Matsui TK, Iguchi N, Kinugawa K, Morikawa N, Sakaguchi YM, Shiota T, Kobashigawa S, Nakanishi M, Matsubayashi M, Nagata R, Kikuchi S, Tanaka T, Eura N, Kiriyama T, Izumi T, Saito K, Kataoka H, Saito Y, Kimura W, Wanaka A, Nishimura Y, Mori E, Sugie K. Gene Expression Profiles of Human Cerebral Organoids Identify PPAR Pathway and PKM2 as Key Markers for Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reoxygenation. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:605030. [PMID: 34168538 PMCID: PMC8217463 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.605030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the most common neurological diseases. However, the impact of ischemic stroke on human cerebral tissue remains largely unknown due to a lack of ischemic human brain samples. In this study, we applied cerebral organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells to evaluate the effect of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Pathway analysis showed the relationships between vitamin digestion and absorption, fat digestion and absorption, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, and complement and coagulation cascades. Combinational verification with transcriptome and gene expression analysis of different cell types revealed fatty acids-related PPAR signaling pathway and pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) as key markers of neuronal cells in response to OGD/R. These findings suggest that, although there remain some limitations to be improved, our ischemic stroke model using human cerebral organoids would be a potentially useful tool when combined with other conventional two-dimensional (2D) mono-culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Iwasa
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Takeshi K Matsui
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.,Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Naohiko Iguchi
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kinugawa
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Naritaka Morikawa
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Tomo Shiota
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shinko Kobashigawa
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Mari Nakanishi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Masaya Matsubayashi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Riko Nagata
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Sotaro Kikuchi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Tatsuhide Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Eura
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Takao Kiriyama
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Tesseki Izumi
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kozue Saito
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kataoka
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yuichi Saito
- Laboratory for Heart Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Wataru Kimura
- Laboratory for Heart Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akio Wanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yuhei Nishimura
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Mori
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.,V-iCliniX Laboratory, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sugie
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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6
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Miyata S, Kawashima Y, Sakai M, Matsubayashi M, Motoki K, Miyajima Y, Watanabe Y, Chikamatsu N, Taniguchi T, Tokuyama R. Discovery, optimization, and evaluation of non-bile acid FXR/TGR5 dual agonists. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9196. [PMID: 33911126 PMCID: PMC8080777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although several potent bile acid Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5, GPBAR1) dual agonists such as INT-767 have been reported, no non-bile acid FXR/TGR5 dual agonist has been investigated to date. Therefore, we attempted to discover potent non-bile acid FXR/TGR5 dual agonists and identified some non-bile acid FXR/TGR5 dual agonists, such as isonicotinamide derivatives in vitro assay. Compound 20p was evaluated in C57BL/6J mice, that were administered a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) consisting of 60 kcal% fat and 0.1% methionine by weight for one week. Compound 20p dose-dependently induced small heterodimer partner (SHP) mRNA and decreased cytochrome P450 7A1 (CYP7A1) in the liver at 10 and 30 mg/kg, respectively, which were used as FXR agonist markers. Compound 20p significantly increased the plasma levels of GLP-1 as a TGR5 agonist, and a high concentration of GLP-1 lowered blood glucose levels. We confirmed that compound 20p was a non-bile acid FXR/TGR5 dual agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiho Miyata
- Research Laboratory 1, FUJI YAKUHIN. CO., LTD, 1-32-3, Nishi-Omiya, Nishi-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Yuji Kawashima
- Research Laboratory 1, FUJI YAKUHIN. CO., LTD, 1-32-3, Nishi-Omiya, Nishi-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Miku Sakai
- Research Laboratory 2, FUJI YAKUHIN. CO., LTD, Nishi-ku, Iida-Shinden, Saitama City, Saitama, 636-1, Japan
| | - Masaya Matsubayashi
- Research Laboratory 2, FUJI YAKUHIN. CO., LTD, Nishi-ku, Iida-Shinden, Saitama City, Saitama, 636-1, Japan
| | - Keisuke Motoki
- Research Laboratory 2, FUJI YAKUHIN. CO., LTD, Nishi-ku, Iida-Shinden, Saitama City, Saitama, 636-1, Japan
| | - Yui Miyajima
- Research Laboratory 1, FUJI YAKUHIN. CO., LTD, 1-32-3, Nishi-Omiya, Nishi-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yousuke Watanabe
- Research Laboratory 2, FUJI YAKUHIN. CO., LTD, Nishi-ku, Iida-Shinden, Saitama City, Saitama, 636-1, Japan
| | - Noriko Chikamatsu
- Research Laboratory 2, FUJI YAKUHIN. CO., LTD, Nishi-ku, Iida-Shinden, Saitama City, Saitama, 636-1, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Taniguchi
- Research Laboratory 2, FUJI YAKUHIN. CO., LTD, Nishi-ku, Iida-Shinden, Saitama City, Saitama, 636-1, Japan
| | - Ryukou Tokuyama
- Research Laboratory 1, FUJI YAKUHIN. CO., LTD, 1-32-3, Nishi-Omiya, Nishi-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, Japan.
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7
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Matsubayashi M, Sakaguchi YM, Sahara Y, Nanaura H, Kikuchi S, Asghari A, Bui L, Kobashigawa S, Nakanishi M, Nagata R, Matsui TK, Kashino G, Hasegawa M, Takasawa S, Eriguchi M, Tsuruya K, Nagamori S, Sugie K, Nakagawa T, Takasato M, Umetani M, Mori E. 27-Hydroxycholesterol regulates human SLC22A12 gene expression through estrogen receptor action. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21262. [PMID: 33368618 PMCID: PMC7771643 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002077r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The excretion and reabsorption of uric acid both to and from urine are tightly regulated by uric acid transporters. Metabolic syndrome conditions, such as obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and insulin resistance, are believed to regulate the expression of uric acid transporters and decrease the excretion of uric acid. However, the mechanisms driving cholesterol impacts on uric acid transporters have been unknown. Here, we show that cholesterol metabolite 27‐hydroxycholesterol (27HC) upregulates the uric acid reabsorption transporter URAT1 encoded by SLC22A12 via estrogen receptors (ER). Transcriptional motif analysis showed that the SLC22A12 gene promoter has more estrogen response elements (EREs) than other uric acid reabsorption transporters such as SLC22A11 and SLC22A13, and 27HC‐activated SLC22A12 gene promoter via ER through EREs. Furthermore, 27HC increased SLC22A12 gene expression in human kidney organoids. Our results suggest that in hypercholesterolemic conditions, elevated levels of 27HC derived from cholesterol induce URAT1/SLC22A12 expression to increase uric acid reabsorption, and thereby, could increase serum uric acid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yoshiki Sahara
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan.,Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoki Nanaura
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Sotaro Kikuchi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Arvand Asghari
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Linh Bui
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shinko Kobashigawa
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Mari Nakanishi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Riko Nagata
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Takeshi K Matsui
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Genro Kashino
- Radioisotope Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hasegawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shin Takasawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiko Tsuruya
- Department of Nephrology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shushi Nagamori
- Department of Collaborative Research, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sugie
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Takahiko Nakagawa
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Minoru Takasato
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan.,Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michihisa Umetani
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,HEALTH Research Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eiichiro Mori
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.,V-iCliniX Laboratory, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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8
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Ozawa S, Matsubayashi M, Nanaura H, Yanagita M, Mori K, Asanuma K, Kajiwara N, Hayashi K, Ohashi H, Kasahara M, Yokoi H, Kataoka H, Mori E, Nakagawa T. Proteolytic cleavage of Podocin by Matriptase exacerbates podocyte injury. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16002-16012. [PMID: 32907879 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury is a critical step toward the progression of renal disease and is often associated with a loss of slit diaphragm proteins, including Podocin. Although there is a possibility that the extracellular domain of these slit diaphragm proteins can be a target for a pathological proteolysis, the precise mechanism driving the phenomenon remains unknown. Here we show that Matriptase, a membrane-anchored protein, was activated at podocytes in CKD patients and mice, whereas Matriptase inhibitors slowed the progression of mouse kidney disease. The mechanism could be accounted for by an imbalance favoring Matriptase over its cognate inhibitor, hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 (HAI-1), because conditional depletion of HAI-1 in podocytes accelerated podocyte injury in mouse model. Matriptase was capable of cleaving Podocin, but such a reaction was blocked by either HAI-1 or dominant-negative Matriptase. Furthermore, the N terminus of Podocin, as a consequence of Matriptase cleavage of Podocin, translocated to nucleoli, suggesting that the N terminus of Podocin might be involved in the process of podocyte injury. Given these observations, we propose that the proteolytic cleavage of Podocin by Matriptase could potentially cause podocyte injury and that targeting Matriptase could be a novel therapeutic strategy for CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Ozawa
- TMK Project at the Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Research Unit/Innovative Medical Science, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masaya Matsubayashi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hitoki Nanaura
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Motoko Yanagita
- TMK Project at the Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Mori
- TMK Project at the Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Asanuma
- TMK Project at the Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Nephrology, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Kazuyuki Hayashi
- Department of Nephrology, Ikeda City Hospital, Ikeda, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohashi
- Department of Pathology, Ikeda City Hospital, Ikeda, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masato Kasahara
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hideki Yokoi
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kataoka
- Department of Pathology, University of Miyazaki, Kihara, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Mori
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - Takahiko Nakagawa
- TMK Project at the Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
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9
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Ito SS, Nakagawa Y, Matsubayashi M, Sakaguchi YM, Kobashigawa S, Matsui TK, Nanaura H, Nakanishi M, Kitayoshi F, Kikuchi S, Kajihara A, Tamaki S, Sugie K, Kashino G, Takahashi A, Hasegawa M, Mori E, Kirita T. Inhibition of the ATR kinase enhances 5-FU sensitivity independently of nonhomologous end-joining and homologous recombination repair pathways. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:12946-12961. [PMID: 32675286 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The anticancer agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is cytotoxic and often used to treat various cancers. 5-FU is thought to inhibit the enzyme thymidylate synthase, which plays a role in nucleotide synthesis and has been found to induce single- and double-strand DNA breaks. ATR Ser/Thr kinase (ATR) is a principal kinase in the DNA damage response and is activated in response to UV- and chemotherapeutic drug-induced DNA replication stress, but its role in cellular responses to 5-FU is unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of ATR inhibition on 5-FU sensitivity of mammalian cells. Using immunoblotting, we found that 5-FU treatment dose-dependently induced the phosphorylation of ATR at the autophosphorylation site Thr-1989 and thereby activated its kinase. Administration of 5-FU with a specific ATR inhibitor remarkably decreased cell survival, compared with 5-FU treatment combined with other major DNA repair kinase inhibitors. Of note, the ATR inhibition enhanced induction of DNA double-strand breaks and apoptosis in 5-FU-treated cells. Using gene expression analysis, we found that 5-FU induced the activation of the intra-S cell-cycle checkpoint. Cells lacking BRCA2 were sensitive to 5-FU in the presence of ATR inhibitor. Moreover, ATR inhibition enhanced the efficacy of the 5-FU treatment, independently of the nonhomologous end-joining and homologous recombination repair pathways. These findings suggest that ATR could be a potential therapeutic target in 5-FU-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro S Ito
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yosuke Nakagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Masaya Matsubayashi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko M Sakaguchi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Shinko Kobashigawa
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Takeshi K Matsui
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan; Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hitoki Nanaura
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan; Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Mari Nakanishi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Fumika Kitayoshi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Sotaro Kikuchi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Atsuhisa Kajihara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Tamaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sugie
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Genro Kashino
- Radioisotope Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Masatoshi Hasegawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Mori
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - Tadaaki Kirita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
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10
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Okamura K, Inagaki Y, Matsui TK, Matsubayashi M, Komeda T, Ogawa M, Mori E, Tanaka Y. RT-qPCR analyses on the osteogenic differentiation from human iPS cells: an investigation of reference genes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11748. [PMID: 32678244 PMCID: PMC7367276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68752-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is used to quantify gene expression and require standardization with reference genes. We sought to identify the reference genes best suited for experiments that induce osteogenic differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells. They were cultured in an undifferentiated maintenance medium and after confluence, further cultured in an osteogenic differentiation medium for 28 days. RT-qPCR was performed on undifferentiation markers, osteoblast and osteocyte differentiation markers, and reference gene candidates. The expression stability of each reference gene candidate was ranked using four algorithms. General rankings identified TATA box binding protein in the first place, followed by transferrin receptor, ribosomal protein large P0, and finally, beta-2-microglobulin, which was revealed as the least stable. Interestingly, universally used GAPDH and ACTB were found to be unsuitable. Our findings strongly suggest a need to evaluate the expression stability of reference gene candidates for each experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Okamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yusuke Inagaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
| | - Takeshi K Matsui
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Masaya Matsubayashi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Tomoya Komeda
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Munehiro Ogawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Mori
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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11
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Eura N, Matsui TK, Luginbühl J, Matsubayashi M, Nanaura H, Shiota T, Kinugawa K, Iguchi N, Kiriyama T, Zheng C, Kouno T, Lan YJ, Kongpracha P, Wiriyasermkul P, Sakaguchi YM, Nagata R, Komeda T, Morikawa N, Kitayoshi F, Jong M, Kobashigawa S, Nakanishi M, Hasegawa M, Saito Y, Shiromizu T, Nishimura Y, Kasai T, Takeda M, Kobayashi H, Inagaki Y, Tanaka Y, Makinodan M, Kishimoto T, Kuniyasu H, Nagamori S, Muotri AR, Shin JW, Sugie K, Mori E. Brainstem Organoids From Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:538. [PMID: 32670003 PMCID: PMC7332712 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The brainstem is a posterior region of the brain, composed of three parts, midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata. It is critical in controlling heartbeat, blood pressure, and respiration, all of which are life-sustaining functions, and therefore, damages to or disorders of the brainstem can be lethal. Brain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) recapitulate the course of human brain development and are expected to be useful for medical research on central nervous system disorders. However, existing organoid models are limited in the extent hPSCs recapitulate human brain development and hence are not able to fully elucidate the diseases affecting various components of the brain such as brainstem. Here, we developed a method to generate human brainstem organoids (hBSOs), containing midbrain/hindbrain progenitors, noradrenergic and cholinergic neurons, dopaminergic neurons, and neural crest lineage cells. Single-cell RNA sequence (scRNA-seq) analysis, together with evidence from proteomics and electrophysiology, revealed that the cellular population in these organoids was similar to that of the human brainstem, which raises the possibility of making use of hBSOs in investigating central nervous system disorders affecting brainstem and in efficient drug screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Eura
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Takeshi K. Matsui
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Joachim Luginbühl
- Laboratory for Advanced Genomics Circuit, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama,Japan
| | - Masaya Matsubayashi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hitoki Nanaura
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Tomo Shiota
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kinugawa
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Naohiko Iguchi
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Takao Kiriyama
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Canbin Zheng
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Tsukasa Kouno
- Laboratory for Advanced Genomics Circuit, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama,Japan
| | - Yan Jun Lan
- Laboratory for Advanced Genomics Circuit, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama,Japan
| | - Pornparn Kongpracha
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Dynamics, Department of Collaborative Research, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Pattama Wiriyasermkul
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Dynamics, Department of Collaborative Research, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Riko Nagata
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Tomoya Komeda
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Naritaka Morikawa
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Fumika Kitayoshi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Miyong Jong
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shinko Kobashigawa
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Mari Nakanishi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hasegawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Saito
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Takashi Shiromizu
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Yuhei Nishimura
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Takahiko Kasai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Japan
| | - Maiko Takeda
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yusuke Inagaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shushi Nagamori
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Dynamics, Department of Collaborative Research, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Alysson R. Muotri
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jay W. Shin
- Laboratory for Advanced Genomics Circuit, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama,Japan
| | - Kazuma Sugie
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Mori
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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12
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Nakagawa Y, Kajihara A, Takahashi A, Murata AS, Matsubayashi M, Ito SS, Ota I, Nakagawa T, Hasegawa M, Kirita T, Ohnishi T, Mori E. BRCA2 protects mammalian cells from heat shock. Int J Hyperthermia 2017; 34:795-801. [PMID: 28891354 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2017.1370558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Heat shock induces DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in mammalian cells. Mammalian cells are capable of repairing DSBs by utilising the homologous recombination (HR) pathway. Breast cancer susceptibility gene 2 (BRCA2) is known to regulate the HR pathway. Here, we investigate the role of BRCA2 in repairing DNA damage induced by heat shock. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cell lines and human tongue squamous cell carcinoma SAS cells were used. RAD51 foci formation assay was used as an HR indicator. Heat sensitivity was analysed with colony forming assays. Phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX) intensity, which correlates with the number of DSBs, was analysed with flow cytometry. RESULTS RAD51 foci appeared with heat shock, and the number of cells with RAD51 foci was maximal at about 4 h after heat shock. Heat-induced RAD51 foci co-localised with γH2AX foci. BRCA2-deficient cells were sensitive to heat when compared to their parental wild-type cells. Heat-induced γH2AX was higher in BRCA2-deficient cells compared to parental cells. In SAS cells, cells transfected with BRCA2-siRNA were more sensitive to heat than cells transfected with negative control siRNA. Apoptotic bodies increased in number more rapidly in BRCA2-siRNA transfected cells than in cells transfected with negative control siRNA when cells were observed at 48 h after a heat treatment. In addition, cells deficient in BRCA2 were incapable of activating heat-induced G2/M arrest. CONCLUSION BRCA2 has a protecting role against heat-induced cell death. BRCA2 might be a potential molecular target for hyperthermic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Nakagawa
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Nara Medical University , Nara , Japan
| | - Atsuhisa Kajihara
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Nara Medical University , Nara , Japan
| | | | - Akiho S Murata
- c Department of Future Basic Medicine , Nara Medical University , Nara , Japan
| | - Masaya Matsubayashi
- c Department of Future Basic Medicine , Nara Medical University , Nara , Japan
| | - Soichiro S Ito
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Nara Medical University , Nara , Japan
| | - Ichiro Ota
- d Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery , Nara Medical University , Nara , Japan
| | - Takahiko Nakagawa
- c Department of Future Basic Medicine , Nara Medical University , Nara , Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hasegawa
- e Department of Radiation Oncology , Nara Medical University , Nara , Japan
| | - Tadaaki Kirita
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Nara Medical University , Nara , Japan
| | - Takeo Ohnishi
- e Department of Radiation Oncology , Nara Medical University , Nara , Japan
| | - Eiichiro Mori
- c Department of Future Basic Medicine , Nara Medical University , Nara , Japan
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13
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Yamamoto S, Yamazaki T, Komazaki S, Yamashita T, Osaki M, Matsubayashi M, Kidoya H, Takakura N, Yamazaki D, Kakizawa S. Contribution of calumin to embryogenesis through participation in the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation activity. Dev Biol 2014; 393:33-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Kiyanagi Y, Shinohara T, Kai T, Kamiyama T, Sato H, Kino K, Aizawa K, Arai M, Harada M, Sakai K, Oikawa K, Ooi M, Maekawa F, Iikura H, Sakai T, Matsubayashi M, Segawa M, Kureta M. Present Status of Research on Pulsed Neutron Imaging in Japan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phpro.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Putra A, Iwase H, Yamaguchi D, Koizumi S, Maekawa Y, Matsubayashi M, Hashimoto T. In-situ observation of dynamic water behavior in polymer electrolyte fuel cell by combined method of Small-Angle Neutron Scattering and Neutron Radiography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/247/1/012044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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16
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Matsubayashi M, Takami K, Kimata I, Nakanishi T, Tani H, Sasai K, Baba E. Survey of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. infections in various animals at a zoo in Japan. J Zoo Wildl Med 2007; 36:331-5. [PMID: 17323580 DOI: 10.1638/04-032.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 284 fecal samples of 89 species (43 mammalian species and 46 avian species) were examined for Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts from 1999 to 2002. Each sample was collected at the zoo located at Osaka in Japan and examined by microscopy after performing the sucrose flotation method and by two immunofluorescent assay kits for detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts. Cryptosporidium spp. was found only in a raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides), and Giardia spp. was detected in a mandarin duck (Aix galericulata) and two ruddy shelducks (Tadorna ferruginea). In this study, the prevalences of these parasites were found to be low. However, these results suggested that the infected animals could serve as a source of contamination for surface water. This is the first report about the survey of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. at a zoo in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Matsubayashi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Osaka Yuhigaoka Gakuen Junior College, Osaka, Osaka 543-0073, Japan
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17
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Saito Y, Mishima K, Matsubayashi M. Void fraction and velocity measurement of simulated bubble in a rotating disc using high frame rate neutron radiography. Appl Radiat Isot 2004; 61:667-74. [PMID: 15246416 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.03.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate measurement error of local void fraction and velocity field in a gas-molten metal two-phase flow by high-frame-rate neutron radiography, experiments using a rotating stainless-steel disc, which has several holes of various diameters and depths simulating gas bubbles, were performed. Measured instantaneous void fraction and velocity field of the simulated bubbles were compared with the calculated values based on the rotating speed, the diameter and the depth of the holes as parameters and the measurement error was evaluated. The rotating speed was varied from 0 to 350 rpm (tangential velocity of the simulated bubbles from 0 to 1.5 m/s). The effect of shutter speed of the imaging system on the measurement error was also investigated. It was revealed from the Lagrangian time-averaged void fraction profile that the measurement error of the instantaneous void fraction depends mainly on the light-decay characteristics of the fluorescent converter. The measurement error of the instantaneous local void fraction of simulated bubbles is estimated to be 20%. In the present imaging system, the light-decay characteristics of the fluorescent converter affect the measurement remarkably, and so should be taken into account in estimating the measurement error of the local void fraction profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Saito
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Noda, Sennan, Osaka 590-0494, Japan.
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18
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Saito Y, Mishima K, Tobita Y, Suzuki T, Matsubayashi M. Velocity field measurement in gas–liquid metal two-phase flow with use of PIV and neutron radiography techniques. Appl Radiat Isot 2004; 61:683-91. [PMID: 15246418 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.03.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To establish reasonable safety concepts for the realization of commercial liquid-metal fast breeder reactors, it is indispensable to demonstrate that the release of excessive energy due to re-criticality of molten core could be prevented even if a severe core damage accident took place. Two-phase flow due to the boiling of fuel-steel mixture in the molten core pool has a larger liquid-to-gas density ratio and higher surface tension in comparison with those of ordinary two-phase flows such as air-water flow. In this study, to investigate the effect of the recirculation flow on the bubble behavior, visualization and measurement of nitrogen gas-molten lead bismuth in a rectangular tank was performed by using neutron radiography and particle image velocimetry techniques. Measured flow parameters include flow regime, two-dimensional void distribution, and liquid velocity field in the tank. The present technique is applicable to the measurement of velocity fields and void fraction, and the basic characteristics of gas-liquid metal two-phase mixture were clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Saito
- Research Reactor Institute, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Kyoto University, Noda, Sennan, Osaka 590-0494, Japan.
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Constantinoiu CC, Lillehoj HS, Matsubayashi M, Hosoda Y, Tani H, Matsuda H, Sasai K, Baba E. Analysis of cross-reactivity of five new chicken monoclonal antibodies which recognize the apical complex of Eimeria using confocal laser immunofluorescence assay. Vet Parasitol 2003; 118:29-35. [PMID: 14651872 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2003.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
For Apicomplexa (members) the host cell invasion is realized with the help of the organelles located at the apical tip of parasites. In this research paper the characterization of five chicken monoclonal antibodies (mabs) produced against Eimeria acervulina sporozoites is described. All mabs reacted with molecules belonging to the apical complex of chicken Eimeria sporozoites. On immunofluorescence assay (IFA) one mab, 8E-1, recognized an apical tip molecule present on all chicken Eimeria sporozoites, two mabs (8D-2 and HE-4) recognized an antigen present on the apical tip of the same two Eimeria species (E. acervulina and E. brunetti), another mab (5D-11) recognized an antigen present on the apical tip of other two species (E. acervulina and E. maxima) while one mab (8C-3) identified antigens present on the sporozoites and sporocysts wall of only E. acervulina. Besides the apical tip antigens, two mabs (HE-4 and 8D-2) recognized some proteins located in the anterior half of the sporozoites. Collectively, these mabs proved that the apical complex of chicken Eimeria sporozoites share one or more antigens that are expected to play a role in host cell recognition and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Constantinoiu
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Division of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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21
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Tokita H, Kaufmann GR, Matsubayashi M, Okuda I, Tanaka T, Harada H, Mukaide M, Suzuki K, Cooper DA. Hepatitis C virus core mutations reduce the sensitivity of a fluorescence enzyme immunoassay. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:3450-2. [PMID: 10970401 PMCID: PMC87404 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.9.3450-3452.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Four of 107 samples obtained from hepatitis C virus (HCV) carriers showed lower HCV core antigen levels in a fluorescence enzyme immunoassay (FEIA) than expected from corresponding HCV RNA levels. Nucleotide sequencing revealed a mutation in the HCV core region (Thr49Pro) that appears to have reduced the FEIA sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tokita
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Tokyo Hospital, Kiyose-Shi, Tokyo 204-0023, Japan
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22
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Hibiki T, Saito Y, Mishima K, Tobita Y, Konishi K, Matsubayashi M. Study on flow characteristics in gas-molten metal mixture pool. Nuclear Engineering and Design 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0029-5493(99)00293-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Kuze N, Suzuki E, Siratani M, Amako T, Okuda T, Kondo G, Kuriyama T, Matsubayashi M, Sakaizumi T, Ohashi O. The Microwave Spectrum of n-Butyraldehyde Oxime. J Mol Spectrosc 1998; 191:1-8. [PMID: 9724574 DOI: 10.1006/jmsp.1998.7605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The microwave spectrum of n-butyraldehyde oxime was observed in the frequency region 26.5-40 GHz. Four rotational conformers were found to exist in the gas phase; among these, two conformers belonged to the (E)-geometrical isomer and the other two to the (Z)-geometrical isomer. The microwave spectrum attributed to one of these two rotational conformers of (E)-butyraldehyde oxime was analyzed, and its rotational constants for the ground vibrational state were determined: A = 15883(379), B = 1269.97(1), C = 1251.60(1) MHz. The conformational structure of the molecule is discussed, referring to the rotational constants obtained and the ab initio molecular orbital calculation. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kuze
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
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Takenaka N, Asano H, Fujii T, Matsubayashi M. Three-dimensional visualization of void fraction distribution in steady two-phase flow by thermal neutron radiography. Nuclear Engineering and Design 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0029-5493(98)00197-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) recorded during a two-tone discrimination (oddball) task were examined in 36 drug-free depressed patients and 36 control subjects. At remission, the ERPs of 12 of the depressed patients were reexamined. In the depressed patients, although a group difference was not detected in the peak latency and amplitude of N200 to rare stimuli, the mean amplitude for the N200 latency range in the difference waves was smaller than in the control subjects. Mismatch negativity (N2a), which was elicited by rare stimuli, was reduced in amplitude; but N2b may have been evoked to frequent stimuli more in the patients than in the control subjects. Depressed subjects may have a deviance in the fully automatic cerebral mismatch process that is assumed to be related to mismatch negativity and provoke the controlled mismatch detection process (presumed to be associated with N2b) even to nontarget frequent stimuli. These findings were observed during remission; however, there was a tendency for the N2b amplitude to decrease and recover toward the level of the control subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ogura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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Ogura C, Nageishi Y, Matsubayashi M, Omura F, Kishimoto A, Shimokochi M. Abnormalities in event-related potentials, N100, P200, P300 and slow wave in schizophrenia. Jpn J Psychiatry Neurol 1991; 45:57-65. [PMID: 1753491 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.1991.tb00506.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Event-related potentials were recorded in 54 schizophrenics and 88 age-matched controls during a two-tone discrimination (odd ball) task. All the subjects were free from medication. In the schizophrenics, the mean amplitudes of the N100, P300 and Slow Wave latency ranges were decreased, and the amplitude of the P200 latency range was greater than that for the controls. These reductions and the increase were found both for the ERPs elicited by rare target stimuli and for those elicited by frequent nontarget stimuli. The peak latency of N200 to rare stimuli was more prolonged in the schizophrenics than in the controls. This finding confirms the prolongation of N200 latency that Brecher et al. (1987) found for a different visual stimuli task. Neither the N100 nor P300 latency differed between the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ogura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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Kitagawa S, Matsubayashi M, Kotani K, Usui K, Kametani F. Asymmetry of membrane fluidity in the lipid bilayer of blood platelets: fluorescence study with diphenylhexatriene and analogs. J Membr Biol 1991; 119:221-7. [PMID: 2056522 DOI: 10.1007/bf01868727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Membrane fluidity of bovine platelets was examined with diphenylhexatriene (DPH), its cationic trimethylammonium derivative (TMA-DPH) and anionic propionic acid derivative (DPH-PA). After addition of these probes to platelet suspensions at 37 degrees C, the fluorescence intensity of DPH-PA reached equilibrium within 2 min, whereas those of DPH and TMA-DPH increased gradually. With increase in the fluorescence intensity of TMA-DPH, its fluorescence anisotropy decreased significantly, but the fluorescence anisotropies of DPH-PA and DPH did not change during incubation. The gradual increase of fluorescence intensity of TMA-DPH was due to its penetration into the cytoplasmic side of the platelet membrane, as shown quantitatively by monitoring decrease in its extractability with albumin. Transbilayer movement of TMA-DPH was markedly temperature-dependent, and was scarcely observed at 15 degrees C. The fluorescence intensity of TMA-DPH was much higher in platelet membranes and vesicles of extracted membrane lipids than the initial intensity in intact platelets. Moreover, the fluorescence anisotropy of TMA-DPH was much lower in the former preparations than the initial value in intact platelets. These results suggest that binding sites for TMA-DPH in the cytoplasmic side of the platelet membrane are more fluid than those in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. Platelet activation by ionomycin induced specific change in the fluorescence properties of TMA-DPH without causing transbilayer incorporation of the probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kitagawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Japan
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Ogura C, Kishimoto A, Kunimoto N, Omura F, Matsubayashi M, Tsutsui T, Shimizu M. Clinical pharmacology of a new antidepressant, Y-8894 in healthy young and elderly volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1987; 23:537-43. [PMID: 3593624 PMCID: PMC1386189 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1987.tb03089.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the first experiment the influences of a single oral administration of a new antidepressant, Y-8894 50 mg, nortriptyline 50 mg, and placebo on physiological and psychological parameters were evaluated by a double-blind, crossover method in 10 healthy male volunteers. As the second experiment eight elderly healthy men were also recruited to examine the clinical pharmacology of Y-8894. Y-8894 50 mg showed no significant anticholinergic, sedative, or cardiovascular effect on any of the measures used in young subjects. In the elderly Y-8894 50 mg increased pulse rate (P less than 0.05-0.01), lowered systolic blood pressure (P less than 0.05-0.005), and decreased salivary flow (P less than 0.05) compared with those of pre-drug baseline. C.f.f. was improved after Y-8894 50 mg, but not significantly. Neither psychomotor performance nor immediate memory was influenced after either treatment in young subjects. Furthermore, in the elderly Y-8894 50 mg did not affect these parameters. In the elderly both k21 and ke were smaller, t1/2,z was longer, and AUC was larger compared with young subjects (P less than 0.01). In conclusion, Y-8894 50 mg seemed to lack the anticholinergic, sedative and cardiovascular effects which were observed after nortriptyline 50 mg in young subjects. In the elderly some affects were recognized, in part, due to pharmacokinetic alteration.
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Ogura C, Kishimoto A, Mizukawa R, Matsubayashi M, Omura F, Kunimoto N. Comparative study of the effects of 9 antidepressants on several physiological parameters in healthy volunteers. Neuropsychobiology 1987; 17:139-44. [PMID: 3683803 DOI: 10.1159/000118354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Effects on physiological parameters were compared among 9 antidepressants (amitriptyline 50 mg, imipramine 50 mg, nortriptyline 50 mg, amoxapine 50 mg, maprotiline 50 mg, mianserin 20 mg, zimelidine 100 mg, nomifensine 50 mg, and Y-8894 50 mg) after a single oral administration in healthy volunteers. Critical fusion frequency of flicker, body sway distance, salivary flow rate, near blurred point, and pulse rate were employed as parameters. The degree of the drug effects on the physiological parameters could be roughly classified into two to four groups according to maximum percent deviation of each parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ogura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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Nakazawa S, Shimoyama M, Maeda A, Matsubayashi M. [Laboratory studies on acetylspiramycin, a new derivative of spiramycin. 2]. J Antibiot B 1967; 20:259-61. [PMID: 5299958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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