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Asadi K, Heidari R, Hamidi M, Ommati MM, Yousefzadeh-Chabok S, Samiraninezhad N, Khoshneviszadeh M, Hashemzaei M, Gholami A. Trinitroglycerin-loaded chitosan nanogels: Shedding light on cytotoxicity, antioxidativity, and antibacterial activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130654. [PMID: 38553395 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
AIM AND BACKGROUND Trinitroglycerin (TNG) is a remarkable NO-releasing agent. Here, we synthesized TNG based on chitosan Nanogels (Ngs) for ameliorating complications associated with high-dose TNG administration. METHOD TNG-Ngs fabricated through ionic-gelation technique. Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR), zeta-potential, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and electron microscopy techniques evaluated the physicochemical properties of TNG-Ngs. MTT was used to assess the biocompatibility of TNG-Ngs, as the antioxidative properties were determined via lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipid peroxide (LPO) assays. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE). RESULTS Physicochemical characterization reveals that TNG-Ngs with size diameter (96.2 ± 29 nm), polydispersity index (PDI, 0.732), and negative zeta potential (-1.1 mv) were fabricated. The encapsulation efficacy (EE) and loading capacity (LC) were obtained at 71.1 % and 2.3 %, respectively, with no considerable effect on particle size and morphology. The cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that HepG2 cells exposed to TNG-Ngs showed relative cell viability (RCV) of >80 % for 70 μg/ml compared to the TNG-free drug at the same concentration (P < 0.05). TNG-Ngs showed significant differences with the TNG-free drug for LDH, LPO, and ROS formation at the same concentration (P < 0.001). The antibacterial activity of the TNG-Ngs against S. aureus, E. coli, VRE, and MRSA was higher than the TNG-free drug and Ngs (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION TNG-Ngs with enhanced antibacterial and antioxidative activity and no obvious cytotoxicity might be afforded as novel nanoformulation for promoting NO-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatereh Asadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Science and Technology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hamidi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Ommati
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | | | | | - Mehdi Khoshneviszadeh
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoud Hashemzaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Science and Technology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Hashemzaei M, Ghoshoon MB, Jamshidi M, Moradbeygi F, Hashemzehi A. A Review on Romiplostim Mechanism of Action and the Expressive Approach in E. coli. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2024; 18:95-109. [PMID: 38282441 DOI: 10.2174/1872208317666230503094451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder determined by immune-mediated platelet demolition and reduction of platelet production. Romiplostim is a new thrombopoiesis motivating peptibody that binds and stimulates the human thrombopoietin receptor the patent of which was registered in 2008. It is used to treat thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Romiplostim is a 60 kDa peptibody designed to inhibit cross-reacting immune responses. It consists of four high-affinity TPO-receptor binding domains for the Mpl receptor and one human IgG1 Fc domain. Escherichia coli is a good host for the fabrication of recombinant proteins such as romiplostim. The expression of a gene intended in E. coli is dependent on many factors such as a protein's inherent ability to fold, mRNA's secondary structure, its solubility, its toxicity preferential codon use, and its need for post-translational modification (PTM). This review focuses on the structure, function, mechanism of action, and expressive approach to romiplostim in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Hashemzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mehrnaz Jamshidi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradbeygi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Hashemzehi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Satvati S, Ghasemi Y, Najafipour S, Eskandari S, Mahmoodi S, Nezafat N, Hashemzaei M. Finding and engineering the newly found bacterial superoxide dismutase enzyme to increase its thermostability and decrease the immunogenicity: a computational and experimental research. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:260. [PMID: 37291420 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is one of the most important antioxidant enzymes that can reduce oxidative stress in the cell environment. Nowadays, bacterial sources of enzyme are commercially applicable in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries, but the allergenic effect of proteins from non-human sources has been mentioned as disadvantage of these kinds of enzymes. In this study, to find the suitable bacterial SOD candidate for decreasing immunogenicity, the sequences of five thermophilic bacteria were selected as reference species. Then, linear and conformational B-cell epitopes of the SOD were analyzed by different servers. The stability and immunogenicity of mutant positions were also evaluated. The mutant gene was inserted into the pET-23a expression vector and transformed into E. Coli BL21 (DE3) for expression of the recombinant enzyme. Afterward, the expression of the mutant enzyme was evaluated by SDS-PAGE analysis and the recombinant enzyme activity was assessed. Anoxybacillus gonensis was selected as a reasonable SOD source according to BLAST search, physicochemical properties analysis, and prediction of allergenic features. Regarding our results, five residues including E84, E142, K144, G147, and M148 were predicted as candidates for mutagenesis. Finally, the K144A was chosen as the final modification due to the increase in the stability of the enzyme and decreased immunogenicity of the enzyme as well. The enzyme activity was 240 U/ml at room temperature. Alternation in K144 to alanine caused increased stability of the enzyme. In silico studies confirmed non-antigenic protein after mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saha Satvati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Computational vaccine and Drug Design Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sohrab Najafipour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Eskandari
- Computational vaccine and Drug Design Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shirin Mahmoodi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Navid Nezafat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Computational vaccine and Drug Design Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Masoud Hashemzaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Computational vaccine and Drug Design Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Hashemzaei M, Negahdaripour M, Heidari R, Ghoshoon MB. Protein Expression and Purification of Romiplostim and Analysis of Its Secretory Production Using an In Silico Investigated Signal Peptide in E. Coli. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 12:27-35. [PMID: 37724139 PMCID: PMC10505470 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.12.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Romiplostim is a thrombopoietin receptor agonist approved for the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia. It is produced by recombinant DNA technology in Escherichia coli. Many researchers have studied the periplasmic or extracellular production of recombinant proteins in E. coli by using signal peptide sequences due to its advantages compared to intracellular production. In this study, the effect of the pelB signal peptide on Romiplostim production was analyzed. Methods The nucleotide sequence of Romiplostim was codon optimized for expression in E. coli BL21. For analysis of the effect of the pelB signal peptide, pET-22b (+) and pET-15b plasmids were used. The probability of signal peptide cleavage and pathway was predicted by using the SignalP 5.0 program, and expression, purification, and biological activity of the recombinant protein were analyzed. Results In-silico analysis predicted the correct cleavage of the pelB signal peptide. However, the experimental results showed intracellular accumulation of the protein in fusion with this signal peptide without any detectable protein band in periplasmic or extracellular spaces. The in-vivo experiment of purified protein without signal peptide exhibited a significant increment in platelets compared to the control group. Conclusions Romiplostim was expressed in E. coli with and without signal peptide. The latest one showed suitable in-vivo bioactivity. Despite the results of in-silico prediction, the pelB signal peptide could not transport the protein into the periplasm or extracellular environment in the experimental condition. Trying different signal peptides and more in-silico analysis might be helpful for the efficient secretion of the Romiplostim protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Hashemzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Manica Negahdaripour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Bagher Ghoshoon
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Mashatan N, Heidari R, Altafi M, Amini A, Ommati MM, Hashemzaei M. Probiotics in vaginal health. Pathog Dis 2023; 81:ftad012. [PMID: 37286796 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftad012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis, a type of vaginal inflammation, can be considered the main reason for abnormal discharges of the vagina and vaginal dysbiosis during reproductive years. Epidemiological investigations of females suffering from vaginitis demonstrated that at least 30% to 50% of all women had Bacterial vaginosis (BV). One of the fields of treatment is the use of probiotics, probiotics are commonly defined as viable microorganisms (yeasts or bacteria) that can positively affect the health of their hosts. They are used in foods, notably fermented milk products, and medicine-related products. The development of new probiotic strains is aimed at more active advantageous organisms. Lactobacillus species are the dominant bacteria in a normal vagina that can decrease the pH of the vagina by the production of lactic acid. A number of lactobacilli types can produce hydrogen peroxide as well. The presence of hydrogen peroxide-induced low pH can prevent the growth of several other microorganisms. The vaginal flora of BV cases can modify by replacing the Lactobacillus species with a high density of anaerobic bacteria (i.e. Mobiluncus sp. Bacteroides sp.), Mycoplasma hominis, and Gardnerella vaginalis. More vaginal infections are treated with medications, while there is a possibility of recurrence and chronic infection because of the adverse effects on the indigenous lactobacilli. Probiotics and prebiotics have shown capacities for optimizing, maintaining, and restoring the vaginal microflora. Therefore, biotherapeutics can offer alternative approaches to reduce infections of the vagina and thus promote consumers' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Mashatan
- Graduated, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Mana Altafi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Shiraz Pardis Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Amini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Ommati
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Products Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Masoud Hashemzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
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Hashemzaei M, Nezafat N, Ghoshoon MB, Negahdaripour M. In-silico selection of appropriate signal peptides for romiplostim secretory production in Escherichia coli. Informatics in Medicine Unlocked 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2022.101146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Asghari A, Sadeghipour Z, Hassanipour S, Abbasali Z, Ebrahimzadeh-Parikhani H, Hashemzaei M, Alimardani V, Hatam G. Association between Blastocystis sp. infection and immunocompromised patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:60308-60328. [PMID: 34528202 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The significance of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients and the enigmatic pathogenicity of Blastocystis directed us to conduct the first global systematic review and meta-analysis on Blastocystis prevalence, odds ratios (ORs), and subtypes distribution in various immunocompromised patients (HIV/AIDS, cancer and hemodialysis patients, as well as transplant recipients). The systematic searching procedure was done in Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases for relevant published literature until November 11, 2020. Random-effects model was utilized to calculate the weighted estimates and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). The computed pooled prevalence of Blastocystis inferred from 118 papers (128 datasets) on immunocompromised patients was 10.3% (95% CI: 8.7-12.2%), with 16.1% (95% CI: 11.3-22.2%), 12.5% (95% CI: 8.5-18%), 8.4% (95 % CI: 6.6-10.6%), and 6% (95% CI: 2.6-13.3%) for hemodialysis patients, cancer patients, HIV/AIDS patients, and transplant recipients, respectively. Based on 50 case-control studies (54 datasets), the highest ORs were associated with cancer [2.81 (95% CI: 1.24-6.38, P = 0.013)] and hemodialysis patients [2.78 (95% CI: 1.19-6.48, P = 0.018)]. The most frequent subtype being found in immunocompromised patients was ST3 [41.7% (95% CI: 31.4-52.7%)], followed by ST1 [31.7% (95% CI: 23.2-41.8%)] and ST2 [23.1% (95% CI: 14.8-34.1%)]. Also, the weighted frequency of Blastocystis in various subgroups (publication year, WHO regions, geographical distribution, continents, and country income) was analyzed separately. In total, the results of the present meta-analysis highlighted that one's immunodeficiency status is probably associated with an increased Blastocystis infection, underpinning strict preventive measures to be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Asghari
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Sadeghipour
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Soheil Hassanipour
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zahra Abbasali
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Ebrahimzadeh-Parikhani
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Hashemzaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Alimardani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Hatam
- Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Tabrizian K, Musavi SS, Rigi M, Hosseindadi F, Kordi S, Shamshirgaran F, Bazi A, Shahraki J, Rezaee R, Hashemzaei M. Behavioral and molecular effects of intrahippocampal infusion of auraptene, resveratrol, and curcumin on H-89-induced deficits on spatial memory acquisition and retention in Morris water maze. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 38:775-784. [PMID: 30943761 DOI: 10.1177/0960327119839160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to investigate the effects of resveratrol, auraptene, and curcumin on the spatial learning and spatial memory retention in the Morris water maze (MWM). The effects of 4-day bilateral intrahippocampal (i.h.) infusions of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), H-89 as a protein kinase AII inhibitor, auraptene/H-89, resveratrol/H-89, and curcumin/H-89 were investigated on spatial memory acquisition in MWM. The rats were trained for 4 days; each day included one block of four trials. Post-training probe tests were performed on day 5 in acquisition test. For retention assessments, different animals were trained for 4 days and then infused (i.h.) with either DMSO, H-89, auraptene/H-89, resveratrol/H-89, or curcumin/H-89. The retention test was performed 48 h after the last training trial. The bilateral infusion of H-89 led to a significant impairment in spatial memory in acquisition and retention tests accompanied with a significant decrease in expressions of cAMP response-element binding (CREB) and pCREB proteins in hippocampus. Resveratrol and curcumin reversed the H-89-induced spatial memory acquisition and retention impairments with significant increases in both CREB and pCREB proteins expressions compared to H-89-treated animals. Auraptene showed significant effects in reversing H-89-induced impairments in spatial memory retention but not spatial memory acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tabrizian
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
- 2 Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - S S Musavi
- 3 Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - M Rigi
- 3 Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - F Hosseindadi
- 3 Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - S Kordi
- 3 Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - F Shamshirgaran
- 3 Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - A Bazi
- 4 Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - J Shahraki
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - R Rezaee
- 5 Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- 6 Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- 7 Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- 8 HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - M Hashemzaei
- 1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
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Hashemzaei M, Mohamadpour A, Shahidi MI, Moallem S, Abnous K. Mechanistic evaluation of protective effects of granulocyte colony stimulating factor on carbon monoxide poisoning by measuring jak2, STAT3 and Akt1 proteins. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Mashayekhi V, Tehrani KHME, Hashemzaei M, Tabrizian K, Shahraki J, Hosseini MJ. Mechanistic approach for the toxic effects of perfluorooctanoic acid on isolated rat liver and brain mitochondria. Hum Exp Toxicol 2015; 34:985-96. [PMID: 25586001 DOI: 10.1177/0960327114565492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is one of the most widely used perfluoroalkanes as surfactants, lubricants and processing aids in the production of polymers, which has also been detected in the environment, wildlife and human body. Animal studies indicated that PFOA caused a wide array of toxic effects including liver and brain dysfunction, carcinogenicity and reproductive and developmental toxicity. Based on the established role of mitochondria-mediated pathways in the observed toxic effects of many drugs and chemicals, in this study, the potential toxic effects of PFOA on mitochondria isolated from rat liver and brain have been investigated. METHOD Mitochondria were isolated by differential centrifugation method and incubated with different concentrations of PFOA (0.5-1.5 mM). The effects of PFOA were assessed on a series of mitochondrial parameters including reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, activities of mitochondrial complexes I/II/III, reduced glutathione (GSH) content, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, membrane potential, lipid peroxidation (LPO), mitochondrial swelling and cytochrome c release. RESULTS The data on liver mitochondria indicated that PFOA-induced ROS elevation in both mitochondrial complexes I and III, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, swelling, cytochrome c release and decreased ATP level which induces apoptosis or necrosis. On brain mitochondria, PFOA showed fairly similar effects on the above-mentioned parameters. However, different results were obtained when the effect of PFOA was assessed on LPO and complex II activity. CONCLUSIONS Due to the fact that PFOA had toxic effects on the mitochondria isolated, it could be suggested that mitochondrial toxicity could be a plausible mechanism for the toxic effects of this fluorochemical on liver and brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Mashayekhi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | | | - M Hashemzaei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - K Tabrizian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - J Shahraki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - M-J Hosseini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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