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Emanuele Lisa AV, Salgarello M, Huscher A, Corsi F, Piovani D, Rubbino F, Andreoletti S, Papa G, Klinger F, Tinterri C, Testori A, Scorsetti M, Veronesi P, Leonardi MC, Rietjens M, Cortinovis U, Summo V, Rampino Cordaro E, Parodi PC, Persichetti P, Barone M, De Santis G, Murolo M, Riccio M, Aquinati A, Cavaliere F, Vaia N, Pagura G, Dalla Venezia E, Bassetto F, Vindigni V, Ciuffreda L, Bocchiotti MA, Sciarillo A, Renzi N, Meneghini G, Kraljic T, Loreti A, Fortunato L, Pino V, Vinci V, Klinger M. The Effect of Adjuvant Radiotherapy on One- and Two-Stage Prosthetic Breast Reconstruction and on Autologous Reconstruction: A Multicenter Italian Study among 18 Senonetwork Breast Centres. Breast J 2023; 2023:6688466. [PMID: 37205012 PMCID: PMC10188256 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6688466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Purpose In modern breast cancer treatment, a growing role has been observed for breast reconstruction together with an increase in clinical indications for postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT). Choosing the optimum type of reconstructive technique is a clinical challenge. We therefore conducted a national multicenter study to analyze the impact of PMRT on breast reconstruction. Methods We conducted a retrospective case-control multicenter study on women undergoing breast reconstruction. Data were collected from 18 Italian Breast Centres and stored in a cumulative database which included the following: autologous reconstruction, direct-to-implant (DTI), and tissue expander/immediate (TE/I). For all patients, we described complications and surgical endpoints to complications such as reconstruction failure, explant, change in type of reconstruction, and reintervention. Results From 2001 to April 2020, 3116 patients were evaluated. The risk for any complication was significantly increased in patients receiving PMRT (aOR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.33-2.24; p < 0.001). PMRT was associated with a significant increase in the risk of capsular contracture in the DTI and TE/I groups (aOR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.57-3.20; p < 0.001). Comparing type of procedures, the risk of failure (aOR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.06-3.12, p=0.030), explant (aOR, 3.34; 95% CI, 3.85-7.83, p < 0.001), and severe complications (aOR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.88-3.43, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the group undergoing DTI reconstruction as compared to TE/I reconstruction. Conclusion Our study confirms that autologous reconstruction is the procedure least impacted by PMRT, while DTI appears to be the most impacted by PMRT, when compared with TE/I which shows a lower rate of explant and reconstruction failure. The trial is registered with NCT04783818, and the date of registration is 1 March, 2021, retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vittorio Emanuele Lisa
- Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA-Plastic Surgery Unit, University of Milan, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marzia Salgarello
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Director of the Residency Program of Plastic Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Huscher
- Department of Radiotherapy, Fondazione Poliambulanza “Guido Berlucchi” Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Breast Unit, Department of Surgery, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Piovani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, IRCCS Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Rubbino
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Andreoletti
- Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA-Plastic Surgery Unit, University of Milan, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Papa
- Department of Plastic Surgery, UCO, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Corrado Tinterri
- Breast Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Testori
- Breast Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Scorsetti
- Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery Department, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Veronesi
- Division of Senology, Department of Oncology and Oncohematology, IEO, IRCCS European Institute of Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mario Rietjens
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, IEO, IRCCS European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Cortinovis
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Summo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Emanuele Rampino Cordaro
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | | | | | - Mauro Barone
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Policlinico di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio, Modena, Italy
| | - Giorgio De Santis
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Policlinico di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio, Modena, Italy
| | - Matteo Murolo
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria-Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Michele Riccio
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria-Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Angelica Aquinati
- Department of Breast Surgery and Integrated Senology Centre, Belcolle Hospital, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Francesco Cavaliere
- Department of Breast Surgery and Integrated Senology Centre, Belcolle Hospital, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Nicola Vaia
- Department of Breast Surgery, AULSS 3 Veneziana, Venice, Italy
| | - Giulia Pagura
- Department of Breast Surgery, AULSS 3 Veneziana, Venice, Italy
| | - Erica Dalla Venezia
- Unit of Plastic Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Franco Bassetto
- Unit of Plastic Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Vindigni
- Department of Breast Surgery and Breast Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigi Ciuffreda
- Department of Breast Surgery and Breast Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Sciarillo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, ASUGI Cattinara Hospital, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nadia Renzi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, ASUGI Cattinara Hospital, Trieste, Italy
| | - Graziano Meneghini
- Functional Department Transmural Breast Surgery, AULSS 8 Berica, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Tajna Kraljic
- Department of Breast Surgery, AULSS 8 Berica, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Andrea Loreti
- Department of Plastic Surgery, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucio Fortunato
- Department of Breast Surgery and Breast Unit, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Pino
- Istituto di Clinica Chirurgica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeriano Vinci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, IRCCS Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Klinger
- Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA-Plastic Surgery Unit, University of Milan, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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Caviggioli F, Agnelli B, Murolo M, Siliprandi M, Bozzo G, Vinci V. Additional Thoughts on the Future of Fat Grafting. Aesthet Surg J 2022; 42:NP83-NP84. [PMID: 34324629 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjab298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Caviggioli
- University of Milan, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, MultiMedica Holding S.p.A., Plastic Surgery Unit, Sesto San Giovanni (Milan), Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Agnelli
- Humanitas University Department of Biomedical Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Murolo
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center—IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Bozzo
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center—IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeriano Vinci
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center—IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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Caviggioli F, Agnelli B, Murolo M, Siliprandi M, Vinci V. Comment to "Treating Anisomastia and Tuberous Breast with Fat Grafting: Technique and Evaluation of Outcomes Using BREAST-Q Surveys". Aesthetic Plast Surg 2021; 46:16-17. [PMID: 34255154 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-021-02450-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lisa A, Belgiovine C, Maione L, Rimondo A, Battistini A, Agnelli B, Murolo M, Galtelli L, Monari M, Klinger M, Vinci V. Study of Inflammatory and Infection Markers in Periprosthetic Fluid: Correlation with Blood Analysis in Retrospective and Prospective Studies. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:6650846. [PMID: 33791369 PMCID: PMC7997767 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6650846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical site infection represents the most severe complication in prosthetic breast reconstruction. Risk profiling represents a useful tool for both clinicians and patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our hospital, 534 breast reconstructions with tissue expander implants, in 500 patients, were performed. Several clinical variables were collected. In our study, we evaluated the different inflammatory markers present in the periprosthetic fluid and we compared them with the ones present in plasma. RESULTS The surgical site infection rate resulted to be 10.5%, and reconstruction failed in 4.5% of the cases. The hazard ratio for complications was 2.3 in women over 60 (CI: 1.3-4.07; p = 0.004), 2.57 in patients with expander volume ≥ 500 cc (CI: 1.51-4.38; p < 0.001), 2.14 in patients submitted to previous radiotherapy (CI: 1.05-4.36; p < 0.037), and 1.05 in prolonged drain use (CI: 1.03-1.07; p < 0.001). 25-OH, PCT, and total protein were less concentrated, and ferritin and LDH were more concentrated in the periprosthetic fluid than in plasma (p < 0.001). CRP (p = 0.190) and β-2 microglobulin (p = 0.344) did not change in the two fluids analyzed. PCT initial value is higher in patients who underwent radiotherapy, and it could be related to the higher rate of their postoperative complications. Patients with a tissue expander with a volume ≥ 500 cc show an increasing trend for CRP in time (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS Several risk factors (prolonged time of drains, age older than 60 years, and radiotherapy) have been confirmed by our study. The study of markers in the periprosthetic fluid with respect to their study in plasma could point toward earlier infection detection and support early management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lisa
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Belgiovine
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano Milan, Italy
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Microbiologia e Virologia, Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Maione
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano Milan, Italy
- University of Milan, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School-Clinica San Carlo-Plastic Surgery Unit-Paderno Dugnano (Milan), Italy
| | - Andrea Rimondo
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Battistini
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Agnelli
- Humanitas University Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Murolo
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano Milan, Italy
| | - Leonardo Galtelli
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Monari
- Clinical Investigation Laboratory, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Alessandro Manzoni 56 20089 Rozzano Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Klinger
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, University of Milan, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, Milan 20090, Italy
| | - Valeriano Vinci
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano Milan, Italy
- Humanitas University Department of Biomedical Sciences, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
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Lisa AVE, Murolo M, Maione L, Vinci V, Battistini A, Morenghi E, De Santis G, Klinger M. Autologous fat grafting efficacy in treating PostMastectomy pain syndrome: A prospective multicenter trial of two Senonetwork Italia breast centers. Breast J 2020; 26:1652-1658. [PMID: 32524696 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Postmastectomy pain syndrome (PMPS) represents a common complication following breast surgery defined as a chronic neuropathic pain located in the front of the chest, in the axilla and in the upper arm that for more than 3 months after surgery. Several medications prove to be ineffective while autologous fat grafting revealed to be an innovative solution in the treatment of neuropathic pain syndromes based on retrospective studies. For this reason, we performed a prospective multicenter trial to reduce the memory bias and further increase the evidence of the results. From February 2018 to March 2019, 37 female patients aged between 18 and 80 years, underwent mastectomy or quadrantectomy with pathologic scarring and chronic persistent neuropathic pain, compatible with PMPS, are been included in the study and treated with autologous fat grafting. During the enrollment phase, patients were asked to estimate pain using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and POSAS questionnaire in order to evaluate scar outcomes. The VAS scale, starting from 6.9 (1.3), decreased in the first month by 3.10 (1.59), continuing to fall by 0.83 (1.60) to 3 months and by 0.39 (2.09) at 6 months. Statistical analysis showed a significant reduction after 1 month (P < .0001) and 3 months (P < .005). All POSAS grades documented a statistically significant reduction (P < .0001) of the scores by both observers and patients. We observed that no significant association was found between age, BMI, menopausal status of patients, days from oncologic surgery to autologous fat grafting and reduction of VAS values over time while both smoking and axillary dissection were observed as the main factor significantly associated with a reduced clinical efficacy (respectively, P = .0227 and P = .0066). Our prospective multicenter trial confirms the efficacy of fat grafting in the treatment of PMPS based on the principle of regenerative medicine with a satisfactory response in terms of pain reduction and improvement of the quality of the treated tissues. Clinical questionnaires show that the cicatricial areas improve in terms of color, thickness, skin pliability, and surface irregularities. Regenerative effect is based also on the adoption of needles. The combined effect of fat grafting and needles determines a clinical full response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vittorio Emanuele Lisa
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Murolo
- Chirurgia Plastica, Università di Modena e Reggio, Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Maione
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeriano Vinci
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Battistini
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Morenghi
- Biostatistics Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Giorgio De Santis
- Chirurgia Plastica, Università di Modena e Reggio, Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Marco Klinger
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Colombo F, Taurino L, Colombo G, Amato M, Rizzo S, Murolo M, Facchetti R, Ruggeri R. The Niguarda MEWS, a new and refined tool to determine criticality and instability in Internal Medicine Ward and Emergency Medicine Unit. Ital J Med 2017. [DOI: 10.4081/itjm.2017.826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compares the effect of the modified early warning score (MEWS) <em>versus</em> a new early warning system (Niguarda MEWS) for detecting instability and criticality in hospital medical departments. A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Internal Medicine ward of Niguarda Ca’ Granda Hospital in Milan between November 2013 and October 2014. MEWS and Niguarda-MEWS were gathered using: systolic blood pressure, respiratory frequency, heart rate, temperature, level of consciousness, oxygen saturation, creatinine level, hematocrit level and age. In order to determine if the patient was critical or not the MEWS criticality cut-off value chosen was 3, while in the Niguarda MEWS it was 6. The primary outcome was the correlation between the critical level of the two scores and in-hospital mortality. The secondary endpoint was the correlation between a specific disease and the two scores. In the study, 471 patients were included, using both the MEWS and the Niguarda MEWS score at admittance: 33.4% of patients turned out to be critically ill using the former, 40.98% when using the latter. Therefore, the specificity of scores was 70% for MEWS and 73% for Niguarda MEWS, the sensitivity 58% for MEWS and 63% for Niguarda MEWS, Niguarda MEWS area under the curve (AUC): 0.736, MEWS AUC: 0.670. For the secondary outcome, the new score is higher for genitourinary and respiratory diseases. Niguarda-MEWS could be an optimal tool to detect criticality and instability in order to address the patient to the right level of care.
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Lisa A, Klinger F, Caviggioli F, Maione L, Murolo M, Klinger M. Response to "autologous fat grafting: in search of the optimal technique". Surg Innov 2015; 22:320-1. [PMID: 25857806 DOI: 10.1177/1553350615579732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lisa
- University of Milan, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Klinger
- University of Milan, MultiMedica Holding S.p.A., Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Caviggioli
- University of Milan, MultiMedica Holding S.p.A., Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Maione
- University of Milan, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Murolo
- University of Milan, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Klinger
- University of Milan, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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Caraglia M, Giuberti G, Marra M, Addeo R, Montella L, Murolo M, Sperlongano P, Vincenzi B, Naviglio S, Prete SD, Abbruzzese A, Stiuso P. Oxidative stress and ERK1/2 phosphorylation as predictors of outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with sorafenib plus octreotide LAR. Cell Death Dis 2011; 2:e150. [PMID: 21525937 PMCID: PMC3122065 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2011.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We reported a relevant activity of the combination between sorafenib and octreotide long-acting release (LAR) in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. In this work, we have studied if oxidative stress in both serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and pERK activation status in PBMC could be predictive of response. In the 20 responsive patients, the decrease of reactive oxygen species levels was already detectable after 10 days (T10) from the beginning of sorafenib administration, and this effect was enhanced by the combined treatment with sorafenib+octreotide LAR (T21). This effect correlated with the modulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (physiological scavenger of O(2-)) and of serum nitric oxide (NO) levels. Sorafenib alone induced an increase of about 40% of NO levels and of about two-fold of SOD activity in responsive patients, and both effects were significantly potentiated by the combined treatment. We found a gradual reduction of Erk1/2 activity, as evaluated by cytofluorimetric analysis, in 15 responsive patients reaching about 50% maximal decrease at T21. On the other hand, in 17 resistant patients, Erk1/2 activity was about 80% increased at T21. The determination of both the oxidative stress status and pERK activity in PBMC has high value in the prediction of response to sorafenib+octreotide therapy in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
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Ruocco LA, Di Pizzo A, Carnevale UAG, Murolo M, Sadile AG, Arra C, Topo E, D'Aniello A, Curcio A, Melisi D, Rimoli MG. Excitatory amino acids in the forebrain of the Naples high-excitability rats: neurochemical and behavioural effects of subchronic D-aspartate and its diethyl ester prodrug. Behav Brain Res 2009; 198:37-44. [PMID: 19041899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2008.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 11/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The excitatory amino acids (EAA) L-glutamate (L-Glu), L-aspartate (L-Asp) and D-aspartate (D-Asp) are thought to play a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator role in neuronal communications. Recently, a high level of EAA L-Glu, D- and L-Asp isomers has been found in the forebrain of Naples high-excitability (NHE) rat line that models the mesocortical variant of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The aim of this study was to assess the functions of D-Asp using two forms, i.e. free D-Asp or D-Asp diethyl ester (DEE) as prodrug, on brain and behaviour. Thus, prepuberal rats were given, for two weeks daily, an i.p. injection of D-Asp or DEE or vehicle. Then rats were exposed to two spatial novelties i.e. Làt and radial Olton maze. Behaviour was monitored for indices of activity, non-selective attention (NSA), selective spatial attention (SSA) and emotional reactivity. L-Glu and D- and L-Asp were detected by HPLC in cognitive and non-cognitive brain areas such as prefrontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus and hypothalamus. Results indicate that subchronic D-Asp or DEE (i) reduced EAA levels in the NHE and increased it in the random-bred controls (NRB) rats, (ii) in the Làt-maze D-Asp increased horizontal activity in NHE but DEE decreased it in NRB rats, (iii) in the Olton maze D-Asp and DEE decreased vertical activity in NHE and NRB rats respectively, (iv) D-Asp impaired attention only in NRB decreasing number of arms visited before first repetition. Therefore, data demonstrate differential effects of prepuberal subchronic D-Asp and DEE that may be related to different basal EAA levels in NHE and NRB rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Ruocco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via S. Andrea delle Dame, 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
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