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Yokota M, Häffner N, Kassier M, Brunner M, Shambat SM, Brennecke F, Schniering J, Marques Maggio E, Distler O, Zinkernagel AS, Maurer B. Staphylococcus aureus impairs dermal fibroblast functions with deleterious effects on wound healing. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21695. [PMID: 34160101 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902836r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic wounds are a major disease burden worldwide. The breach of the epithelial barrier facilitates transition of skin commensals to invasive facultative pathogens. Therefore, we investigated the potential effects of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) on dermal fibroblasts as key cells for tissue repair. In co-culture systems combining live or heat-killed SA with dermal fibroblasts derived from the BJ-5ta cell line, healthy individuals, and patients with systemic sclerosis, we assessed tissue repair including pro-inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), myofibroblast functions, and host defense responses. Only live SA induced the upregulation of IL-1β/-6/-8 and MMP1/3 as co-factors of tissue degradation. Additionally, the increased cell death reduced collagen production, proliferation, migration, and contractility, prerequisite mechanisms for wound closure. Intracellular SA triggered inflammatory and type I IFN responses via intracellular dsDNA sensor molecules and MyD88 and STING signaling pathways. In conclusion, live SA affected various key tissue repair functions of dermal fibroblasts from different sources to a similar extent. Thus, SA infection of dermal fibroblasts should be taken into account for future wound management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Yokota
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nicola Häffner
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthew Kassier
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Brunner
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Srikanth Mairpady Shambat
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Brennecke
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Janine Schniering
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ewerton Marques Maggio
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Distler
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annelies Sophie Zinkernagel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Britta Maurer
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Bern, University Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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