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Weigl M, Krammer TL, Pultar M, Wieser M, Chaib S, Suda M, Diendorfer A, Khamina-Kotisch K, Giorgadze N, Pirtskhalava T, Johnson KO, Inman CL, Xue A, Lämmermann I, Meixner B, Wang L, Xu M, Grillari R, Ogrodnik M, Tchkonia T, Hackl M, Kirkland JL, Grillari J. Profiling microRNA expression during senescence and aging: mining for a diagnostic tool of senescent-cell burden. bioRxiv 2024:2024.04.10.588794. [PMID: 38645053 PMCID: PMC11030445 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.10.588794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
In the last decade cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, has come into focus for pharmacologically targeting aging processes. Senolytics are one of these interventive strategies that have advanced into clinical trials, creating an unmet need for minimally invasive biomarkers of senescent cell load to identify patients at need for senotherapy. We created a landscape of miRNA and mRNA expression in five human cell types induced to senescence in-vitro and provide proof-of-principle evidence that miRNA expression can track senescence burden dynamically in-vivo using transgenic p21 high senescent cell clearance in HFD fed mice. Finally, we profiled miRNA expression in seven different tissues, total plasma, and plasma derived EVs of young and 25 months old mice. In a systematic analysis, we identified 22 candidate senomiRs with potential to serve as circulating biomarkers of senescence not only in rodents, but also in upcoming human clinical senolytic trials.
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2
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Zillig AL, Pauli P, Wieser M, Reicherts P. Better safe than sorry?-On the influence of learned safety on pain perception. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289047. [PMID: 37934741 PMCID: PMC10629634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The experience of threat was found to result-mostly-in increased pain, however it is still unclear whether the exact opposite, namely the feeling of safety may lead to a reduction of pain. To test this hypothesis, we conducted two between-subject experiments (N = 94; N = 87), investigating whether learned safety relative to a neutral control condition can reduce pain, while threat should lead to increased pain compared to a neutral condition. Therefore, participants first underwent either threat or safety conditioning, before entering an identical test phase, where the previously conditioned threat or safety cue and a newly introduced visual cue were presented simultaneously with heat pain stimuli. Methodological changes were performed in experiment 2 to prevent safety extinction and to facilitate conditioning in the first place: We included additional verbal instructions, increased the maximum length of the ISI and raised CS-US contingency in the threat group from 50% to 75%. In addition to pain ratings and ratings of the visual cues (threat, safety, arousal, valence, and contingency), in both experiments, we collected heart rate and skin conductance. Analysis of the cue ratings during acquisition indicate successful threat and safety induction, however results of the test phase, when also heat pain was administered, demonstrate rapid safety extinction in both experiments. Results suggest rather small modulation of subjective and physiological pain responses following threat or safety cues relative to the neutral condition. However, exploratory analysis revealed reduced pain ratings in later trials of the experiment in the safety group compared to the threat group in both studies, suggesting different temporal dynamics for threat and safety learning and extinction, respectively. Perspective: The present results demonstrate the challenge to maintain safety in the presence of acute pain and suggest more research on the interaction of affective learning mechanism and pain processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lena Zillig
- Department of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paul Pauli
- Department of Psychology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Wieser
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Erasmus University of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Philipp Reicherts
- Department of Medical Psychology and Sociology, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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3
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Schnegg B, Muster C, Wieser M, Pavlicek-Bahlo M, Wiedermann S, Dobner S, Bruno J, Capek L, Potratz P, Jenni H, Sidler D, Chanias I, Daskalakis M, Consiglio J, Schwitz F, Thomet C, Schwerzmann M, Immer F, Longnus S, Martinelli M, Hunziker L, Siepe M, Reineke D. From Vpra of 100% to Transplantation, Journey of the First Ocs-dbd Case in Switzerland. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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4
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Persson M, Aizawa S, André N, Barabash S, Saito Y, Harada Y, Heyner D, Orsini S, Fedorov A, Mazelle C, Futaana Y, Hadid LZ, Volwerk M, Collinson G, Sanchez-Cano B, Barthe A, Penou E, Yokota S, Génot V, Sauvaud JA, Delcourt D, Fraenz M, Modolo R, Milillo A, Auster HU, Richter I, Mieth JZD, Louarn P, Owen CJ, Horbury TS, Asamura K, Matsuda S, Nilsson H, Wieser M, Alberti T, Varsani A, Mangano V, Mura A, Lichtenegger H, Laky G, Jeszenszky H, Masunaga K, Signoles C, Rojo M, Murakami G. BepiColombo mission confirms stagnation region of Venus and reveals its large extent. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7743. [PMID: 36522338 PMCID: PMC9755131 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35061-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The second Venus flyby of the BepiColombo mission offer a unique opportunity to make a complete tour of one of the few gas-dynamics dominated interaction regions between the supersonic solar wind and a Solar System object. The spacecraft pass through the full Venusian magnetosheath following the plasma streamlines, and cross the subsolar stagnation region during very stable solar wind conditions as observed upstream by the neighboring Solar Orbiter mission. These rare multipoint synergistic observations and stable conditions experimentally confirm what was previously predicted for the barely-explored stagnation region close to solar minimum. Here, we show that this region has a large extend, up to an altitude of 1900 km, and the estimated low energy transfer near the subsolar point confirm that the atmosphere of Venus, despite being non-magnetized and less conductive due to lower ultraviolet flux at solar minimum, is capable of withstanding the solar wind under low dynamic pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Persson
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Université Paul Sabatier—Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - S. Aizawa
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Université Paul Sabatier—Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - N. André
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Université Paul Sabatier—Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - S. Barabash
- grid.425140.60000 0001 0706 1867Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - Y. Saito
- grid.62167.340000 0001 2220 7916Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y. Harada
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - D. Heyner
- grid.6738.a0000 0001 1090 0254Institute for Geophysics and Extraterrestrial Physics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - S. Orsini
- grid.4293.c0000 0004 1792 8585Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Rome, Italy
| | - A. Fedorov
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Université Paul Sabatier—Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - C. Mazelle
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Université Paul Sabatier—Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Y. Futaana
- grid.425140.60000 0001 0706 1867Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - L. Z. Hadid
- grid.508893.fLaboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Saclay, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Paris, France
| | - M. Volwerk
- grid.4299.60000 0001 2169 3852Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - G. Collinson
- grid.133275.10000 0004 0637 6666National Aeronautic and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
| | - B. Sanchez-Cano
- grid.9918.90000 0004 1936 8411School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - A. Barthe
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Université Paul Sabatier—Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - E. Penou
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Université Paul Sabatier—Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - S. Yokota
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Earth and Space Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - V. Génot
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Université Paul Sabatier—Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - J. A. Sauvaud
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Université Paul Sabatier—Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - D. Delcourt
- grid.508893.fLaboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Saclay, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Paris, France
| | - M. Fraenz
- grid.435826.e0000 0001 2284 9011Max-Planck-Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - R. Modolo
- Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Pierre Marie Curie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Guyancourt, France
| | - A. Milillo
- grid.4293.c0000 0004 1792 8585Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Rome, Italy
| | - H.-U. Auster
- grid.6738.a0000 0001 1090 0254Institute for Geophysics and Extraterrestrial Physics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - I. Richter
- grid.6738.a0000 0001 1090 0254Institute for Geophysics and Extraterrestrial Physics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - J. Z. D. Mieth
- grid.6738.a0000 0001 1090 0254Institute for Geophysics and Extraterrestrial Physics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - P. Louarn
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Université Paul Sabatier—Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - C. J. Owen
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, UK
| | - T. S. Horbury
- grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - K. Asamura
- grid.62167.340000 0001 2220 7916Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S. Matsuda
- grid.9707.90000 0001 2308 3329Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - H. Nilsson
- grid.425140.60000 0001 0706 1867Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - M. Wieser
- grid.425140.60000 0001 0706 1867Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - T. Alberti
- grid.4293.c0000 0004 1792 8585Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Rome, Italy
| | - A. Varsani
- grid.4299.60000 0001 2169 3852Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - V. Mangano
- grid.4293.c0000 0004 1792 8585Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Rome, Italy
| | - A. Mura
- grid.4293.c0000 0004 1792 8585Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Rome, Italy
| | - H. Lichtenegger
- grid.4299.60000 0001 2169 3852Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - G. Laky
- grid.4299.60000 0001 2169 3852Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - H. Jeszenszky
- grid.4299.60000 0001 2169 3852Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - K. Masunaga
- grid.62167.340000 0001 2220 7916Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Kyoto, Japan
| | - C. Signoles
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Université Paul Sabatier—Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - M. Rojo
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Université Paul Sabatier—Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - G. Murakami
- grid.62167.340000 0001 2220 7916Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Kyoto, Japan
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5
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Orsini S, Milillo A, Lichtenegger H, Varsani A, Barabash S, Livi S, De Angelis E, Alberti T, Laky G, Nilsson H, Phillips M, Aronica A, Kallio E, Wurz P, Olivieri A, Plainaki C, Slavin JA, Dandouras I, Raines JM, Benkhoff J, Zender J, Berthelier JJ, Dosa M, Ho GC, Killen RM, McKenna-Lawlor S, Torkar K, Vaisberg O, Allegrini F, Daglis IA, Dong C, Escoubet CP, Fatemi S, Fränz M, Ivanovski S, Krupp N, Lammer H, Leblanc F, Mangano V, Mura A, Rispoli R, Sarantos M, Smith HT, Wieser M, Camozzi F, Di Lellis AM, Fremuth G, Giner F, Gurnee R, Hayes J, Jeszenszky H, Trantham B, Balaz J, Baumjohann W, Cantatore M, Delcourt D, Delva M, Desai M, Fischer H, Galli A, Grande M, Holmström M, Horvath I, Hsieh KC, Jarvinen R, Johnson RE, Kazakov A, Kecskemety K, Krüger H, Kürbisch C, Leblanc F, Leichtfried M, Mangraviti E, Massetti S, Moissenko D, Moroni M, Noschese R, Nuccilli F, Paschalidis N, Ryno J, Seki K, Shestakov A, Shuvalov S, Sordini R, Stenbeck F, Svensson J, Szalai S, Szego K, Toublanc D, Vertolli N, Wallner R, Vorburger A. Inner southern magnetosphere observation of Mercury via SERENA ion sensors in BepiColombo mission. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7390. [PMID: 36450728 PMCID: PMC9712576 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34988-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mercury's southern inner magnetosphere is an unexplored region as it was not observed by earlier space missions. In October 2021, BepiColombo mission has passed through this region during its first Mercury flyby. Here, we describe the observations of SERENA ion sensors nearby and inside Mercury's magnetosphere. An intermittent high-energy signal, possibly due to an interplanetary magnetic flux rope, has been observed downstream Mercury, together with low energy solar wind. Low energy ions, possibly due to satellite outgassing, were detected outside the magnetosphere. The dayside magnetopause and bow-shock crossing were much closer to the planet than expected, signature of a highly eroded magnetosphere. Different ion populations have been observed inside the magnetosphere, like low latitude boundary layer at magnetopause inbound and partial ring current at dawn close to the planet. These observations are important for understanding the weak magnetosphere behavior so close to the Sun, revealing details never reached before.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Orsini
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy.
| | - A Milillo
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - H Lichtenegger
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - A Varsani
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - S Barabash
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - S Livi
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- University of Michigan, Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E De Angelis
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - T Alberti
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - G Laky
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - H Nilsson
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - M Phillips
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - A Aronica
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - E Kallio
- Aalto University, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P Wurz
- University of Bern, Institute of Physics, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - J A Slavin
- University of Michigan, Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - I Dandouras
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, CNRS, CNES, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - J M Raines
- University of Michigan, Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - J Zender
- ESA-ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
| | | | - M Dosa
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - G C Ho
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, 20723, USA
| | - R M Killen
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | | | - K Torkar
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - O Vaisberg
- IKI Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - F Allegrini
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- University of Texas at San Antonio, Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - I A Daglis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Physics, Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Space Center, Athens, Greece
| | - C Dong
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory and Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - S Fatemi
- Department of Physics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M Fränz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, MPS, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Ivanovski
- Astronomincal Observatory, INAF, Trieste, Italy
| | - N Krupp
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, MPS, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - H Lammer
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | | | - V Mangano
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - A Mura
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - R Rispoli
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - M Sarantos
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - H T Smith
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, 20723, USA
| | - M Wieser
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | | | | | - G Fremuth
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - F Giner
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - R Gurnee
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J Hayes
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, 20723, USA
| | - H Jeszenszky
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - B Trantham
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - J Balaz
- Institute of Experimental Physics SAS, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - W Baumjohann
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - M Delva
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - M Desai
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - H Fischer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, MPS, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Galli
- University of Bern, Institute of Physics, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Grande
- Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, UK
| | - M Holmström
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - I Horvath
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - K C Hsieh
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - R Jarvinen
- Aalto University, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Meteorological Institute FMI, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R E Johnson
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - A Kazakov
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - K Kecskemety
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - H Krüger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, MPS, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - C Kürbisch
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | | | - M Leichtfried
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | | | - S Massetti
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - D Moissenko
- IKI Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Moroni
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - R Noschese
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - F Nuccilli
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - N Paschalidis
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - J Ryno
- Finnish Meteorological Institute FMI, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Seki
- University of Tokyo, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Shestakov
- IKI Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Shuvalov
- IKI Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - R Sordini
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - F Stenbeck
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - J Svensson
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - S Szalai
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - K Szego
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - D Toublanc
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, CNRS, CNES, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - N Vertolli
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, Roma, Italy
| | - R Wallner
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - A Vorburger
- University of Bern, Institute of Physics, Bern, Switzerland
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6
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Romain B, Wieser M, Rohr S. Surgical treatment of a recto-urinary fistula using the York Mason procedure (with video). J Visc Surg 2022; 159:252-254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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Wieser M, Rohr S, Romain B. Inguinal hernia repair using the Lichtenstein technique under local anesthesia (with video). J Visc Surg 2021; 158:276-278. [PMID: 33992576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Wieser
- Service de chirurgie générale et digestive, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, hôpital de Hautepierre, 1, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - S Rohr
- Service de chirurgie générale et digestive, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, hôpital de Hautepierre, 1, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - B Romain
- Service de chirurgie générale et digestive, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, hôpital de Hautepierre, 1, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg cedex, France.
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8
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Orsini S, Livi SA, Lichtenegger H, Barabash S, Milillo A, De Angelis E, Phillips M, Laky G, Wieser M, Olivieri A, Plainaki C, Ho G, Killen RM, Slavin JA, Wurz P, Berthelier JJ, Dandouras I, Kallio E, McKenna-Lawlor S, Szalai S, Torkar K, Vaisberg O, Allegrini F, Daglis IA, Dong C, Escoubet CP, Fatemi S, Fränz M, Ivanovski S, Krupp N, Lammer H, Leblanc F, Mangano V, Mura A, Nilsson H, Raines JM, Rispoli R, Sarantos M, Smith HT, Szego K, Aronica A, Camozzi F, Di Lellis AM, Fremuth G, Giner F, Gurnee R, Hayes J, Jeszenszky H, Tominetti F, Trantham B, Balaz J, Baumjohann W, Brienza D, Bührke U, Bush MD, Cantatore M, Cibella S, Colasanti L, Cremonese G, Cremonesi L, D'Alessandro M, Delcourt D, Delva M, Desai M, Fama M, Ferris M, Fischer H, Gaggero A, Gamborino D, Garnier P, Gibson WC, Goldstein R, Grande M, Grishin V, Haggerty D, Holmström M, Horvath I, Hsieh KC, Jacques A, Johnson RE, Kazakov A, Kecskemety K, Krüger H, Kürbisch C, Lazzarotto F, Leblanc F, Leichtfried M, Leoni R, Loose A, Maschietti D, Massetti S, Mattioli F, Miller G, Moissenko D, Morbidini A, Noschese R, Nuccilli F, Nunez C, Paschalidis N, Persyn S, Piazza D, Oja M, Ryno J, Schmidt W, Scheer JA, Shestakov A, Shuvalov S, Seki K, Selci S, Smith K, Sordini R, Svensson J, Szalai L, Toublanc D, Urdiales C, Varsani A, Vertolli N, Wallner R, Wahlstroem P, Wilson P, Zampieri S. SERENA: Particle Instrument Suite for Determining the Sun-Mercury Interaction from BepiColombo. Space Sci Rev 2021; 217:11. [PMID: 33487762 PMCID: PMC7803725 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-020-00787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The ESA-JAXA BepiColombo mission to Mercury will provide simultaneous measurements from two spacecraft, offering an unprecedented opportunity to investigate magnetospheric and exospheric particle dynamics at Mercury as well as their interactions with solar wind, solar radiation, and interplanetary dust. The particle instrument suite SERENA (Search for Exospheric Refilling and Emitted Natural Abundances) is flying in space on-board the BepiColombo Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) and is the only instrument for ion and neutral particle detection aboard the MPO. It comprises four independent sensors: ELENA for neutral particle flow detection, Strofio for neutral gas detection, PICAM for planetary ions observations, and MIPA, mostly for solar wind ion measurements. SERENA is managed by a System Control Unit located inside the ELENA box. In the present paper the scientific goals of this suite are described, and then the four units are detailed, as well as their major features and calibration results. Finally, the SERENA operational activities are shown during the orbital path around Mercury, with also some reference to the activities planned during the long cruise phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Orsini
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - S A Livi
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
- Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - H Lichtenegger
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - S Barabash
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - A Milillo
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - E De Angelis
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Phillips
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - G Laky
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - M Wieser
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | | | | | - G Ho
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723 USA
| | - R M Killen
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - J A Slavin
- Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - P Wurz
- Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - I Dandouras
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, CNRS, CNES, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - E Kallio
- School of Electrical Engineering, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - S Szalai
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - K Torkar
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - O Vaisberg
- IKI Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - F Allegrini
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - I A Daglis
- Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Space Center, Athens, Greece
| | - C Dong
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences and Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA
| | | | - S Fatemi
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - M Fränz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, MPS, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Ivanovski
- Astronomical Observatory, INAF, Trieste, Italy
| | - N Krupp
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, MPS, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - H Lammer
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | | | - V Mangano
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - A Mura
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - H Nilsson
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - J M Raines
- Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - R Rispoli
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Sarantos
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - H T Smith
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723 USA
| | - K Szego
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A Aronica
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - G Fremuth
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - F Giner
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - R Gurnee
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Boulder, CO USA
| | - J Hayes
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723 USA
| | - H Jeszenszky
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | | | - B Trantham
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - J Balaz
- Institute of Experimental Physics SAS, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - W Baumjohann
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - D Brienza
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - U Bührke
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, MPS, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - M D Bush
- Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - S Cibella
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia (CNR-ISM), 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - L Colasanti
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Cremonese
- Astronomical Observatory, INAF, Padova, Italy
| | | | - M D'Alessandro
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia (CNR-ISM), 00133 Roma, Italy
| | | | - M Delva
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - M Desai
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - M Fama
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, cnea, Centro Atómico Bariloche, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - M Ferris
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - H Fischer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, MPS, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Gaggero
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia (CNR-ISM), 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - D Gamborino
- Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Garnier
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, CNRS, CNES, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - W C Gibson
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - R Goldstein
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - M Grande
- Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3FL UK
| | - V Grishin
- IKI Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Haggerty
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723 USA
| | - M Holmström
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - I Horvath
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - K-C Hsieh
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
| | - A Jacques
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - R E Johnson
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA
| | - A Kazakov
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - K Kecskemety
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - H Krüger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, MPS, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - C Kürbisch
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - M Leichtfried
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | | | - A Loose
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, MPS, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - D Maschietti
- Istituto Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, CNR-IFN, Roma, Italy
| | - S Massetti
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | - G Miller
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - D Moissenko
- IKI Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Morbidini
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - R Noschese
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - F Nuccilli
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - C Nunez
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - N Paschalidis
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - S Persyn
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - D Piazza
- Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Oja
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - J Ryno
- Finnish Meteorological Institute FMI, Helsinki, Finland
| | - W Schmidt
- Finnish Meteorological Institute FMI, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - A Shestakov
- IKI Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Shuvalov
- IKI Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Seki
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Selci
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia (CNR-ISM), 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - K Smith
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - R Sordini
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | - L Szalai
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - D Toublanc
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, CNRS, CNES, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - C Urdiales
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - A Varsani
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - N Vertolli
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - R Wallner
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - P Wahlstroem
- Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Wilson
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - S Zampieri
- Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology, INAF, via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Joerger F, Wieser M, Niemann L, Steblaj B, Turunen H, Kutter A. Evaluation of the cardiovascular effects of an intramuscular medetomidine-vatinoxan combination drug in comparison to medetomidine in Beagle dogs – a randomized blinded crossover laboratory study. Vet Anaesth Analg 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2020.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Gatzke-Kopp L, Karayanidis F, Bartholow BD, Fabiani M, Hess U, Hazlett EA, Larson CL, McTeague L, Moser J, Page-Gould E, Sass S, Silton R, Ullsperger M, Weinberg A, Wieser M, Yee-Bradbury C. SPR statement on racial justice. Psychophysiology 2020; 57:e13634. [PMID: 32614474 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wieser M, Francisci T, Lackner D, Buerckstuemmer T, Wasner K, Eilenberg W, Stift A, Wahrmann M, Böhmig GA, Grillari J, Grillari-Voglauer R. CD46 knock-out using CRISPR/Cas9 editing of hTERT immortalized human cells modulates complement activation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214514. [PMID: 30958843 PMCID: PMC6453361 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney is especially sensitive to diseases associated with overactivation of the complement system. While most of these diseases affect kidney glomeruli and the microvasculature, there is also evidence for tubulointerstitial deposition of complement factors. Complement inactivating factors on cell membranes comprise CD55, CD59 and CD46, which is also termed membrane cofactor protein (MCP). CD46 has been described as localized to glomeruli, but especially also to proximal tubular epithelial cells (RPTECs). However, human cell culture models to assess CD46 function on RPTECs are still missing. Therefore, we here performed gene editing of RPTEC/TERT1 cells generating a monoclonal CD46-/- cell line that did not show changes of the primary cell like characteristics. In addition, factor I and CD46-mediated cleavage of C4b into soluble C4c and membrane deposited C4d was clearly reduced in the knock-out cell line as compared to the maternal cells. Thus, human CD46-/- proximal tubular epithelial cells will be of interest to dissect the roles of the epithelium and the kidney in various complement activation mediated tubulointerstitial pathologies or in studying CD46 mediated uropathogenic internalization of bacteria. In addition, this gives proof-of-principle, that telomerized cells can be used in the generation of knock-out, knock-in or any kind of reporter cell lines without losing the primary cell characteristics of the maternal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kamilla Wasner
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolf Eilenberg
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anton Stift
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Wahrmann
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg A. Böhmig
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Evercyte GmbH, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Regina Grillari-Voglauer
- Evercyte GmbH, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biotechnology, BOKU Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
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12
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Basoli V, Santaniello S, Rinaldi S, Fontani V, Pigliaru G, Wieser M, Strajeriu A, Castagna A, Redl H, Ventura C, Grillari R, Maioli M. Physical stimulation by REAC and BMP4/WNT-1 inhibitor synergistically enhance cardiogenic commitment in iPSCs. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211188. [PMID: 30673752 PMCID: PMC6343882 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It is currently known that pluripotent stem cells can be committed in vitro to the cardiac lineage by the modulation of specific signaling pathways, but it is also well known that, despite the significant increase in cardiomyocyte yield provided by the currently available conditioned media, the resulting cardiogenic commitment remains a highly variable process. Previous studies provided evidence that radio electric fields asymmetrically conveyed through the Radio Electric Asymmetric Conveyer (REAC) technology are able to commit R1 embryonic stem cells and human adipose derived stem cells toward a cardiac phenotype. The present study aimed at investigating whether the effect of physical stimulation by REAC in combination with specific chemical inductors enhance the cardiogenic potential in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The appearance of a cardiac-like phenotype in iPSCs cultured in the presence of a cardiogenic medium, based upon BMP4 and a WNT-inhibitor, was consistently increased by REAC treatment used only during the early fate differentiation for the first 72 hours. REAC-exposed iPSCs exhibited an upregulation in the expression of specific cardiogenic transcripts and morphologically in the number of beating clusters, as compared to cells cultured in the cardiogenic medium alone. Our results indicate that physical modulation of cellular dynamics provided by the REAC offers an affordable strategy to mimic iPSC cardiac-like fates in the presence of a cardiogenic milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Basoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Research Department, Rinaldi Fontani Foundation, Florence, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sara Santaniello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering - National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems-Eldor Lab, at Innovation Accelerators, CNR, Bologna, Italy
| | - Salvatore Rinaldi
- Research Department, Rinaldi Fontani Foundation, Florence, Italy
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Rinaldi Fontani Institute, Florence, Italy
- IRF Shanghai Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Vania Fontani
- Research Department, Rinaldi Fontani Foundation, Florence, Italy
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Rinaldi Fontani Institute, Florence, Italy
- IRF Shanghai Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gianfranco Pigliaru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering - National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems-Eldor Lab, at Innovation Accelerators, CNR, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matthias Wieser
- Evercyte GmbH, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Agata Strajeriu
- Evercyte GmbH, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessandro Castagna
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Rinaldi Fontani Institute, Florence, Italy
| | - Heinz Redl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carlo Ventura
- National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering - National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems-Eldor Lab, at Innovation Accelerators, CNR, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Rinaldi Fontani Institute, Florence, Italy
| | - Regina Grillari
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Evercyte GmbH, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margherita Maioli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- IRF Shanghai Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Center for developmental biology and reprogramming - CEDEBIOR, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari and National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Sassari, Italy
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Husa AM, Strobl MR, Strajeriu A, Wieser M, Strehl S, Fortschegger K. Generation of CD34 Fluorescent Reporter Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Monitoring Hematopoietic Differentiation. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:1376-1384. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Husa
- Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Regina Strobl
- Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Sabine Strehl
- Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Fortschegger
- Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna, Austria
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Juravle G, Reicherts P, Weinstein-Riechmann ML, Wieser M, von Leupoldt A. Psychophysiological correlates of affective picture processing during perceived and anticipated breathlessness. Biol Psychol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Manaligod M, Roberts K, Wieser M, Mueller D, Todd R. The role of naturally occurring differences in norepinephrine availability in modulating electrocortical indices of affectively biased attention. J Vis 2017. [DOI: 10.1167/17.10.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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16
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Brothers HM, Boehmer T, Campbell RA, Dorn S, Kerbleski JJ, Lewis S, Mund C, Pero D, Saito K, Wieser M, Zoller W. Determination of cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in personal care products by gas chromatography. Int J Cosmet Sci 2017; 39:580-588. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. M. Brothers
- Analytical Sciences Department; Dow Corning Corporation; P.O. Box 994 Midland MI 48686-0994 USA
| | - T. Boehmer
- Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH; Goldschmidtstrasse 100 Essen 45127 Germany
| | - R. A. Campbell
- Analytical Sciences Department; Dow Corning Corporation; P.O. Box 994 Midland MI 48686-0994 USA
| | - S. Dorn
- Momentive Performance Materials; 260 Hudson River Road Waterford NY 12188 USA
| | - J. J. Kerbleski
- Analytical Sciences Department; Dow Corning Corporation; P.O. Box 994 Midland MI 48686-0994 USA
| | - S. Lewis
- Momentive Performance Materials; 260 Hudson River Road Waterford NY 12188 USA
| | - C. Mund
- Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH; Goldschmidtstrasse 100 Essen 45127 Germany
| | - D. Pero
- Momentive Performance Materials; 260 Hudson River Road Waterford NY 12188 USA
| | - K. Saito
- Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.; 13-1, Isobe 2-chome Annaka-shi Gunma Japan
| | - M. Wieser
- Wacker Chemie AG; Johannes-Hess-Strasse 24 Burghausen 84489 Germany
| | - W. Zoller
- Wacker Chemie AG; Johannes-Hess-Strasse 24 Burghausen 84489 Germany
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Weilner S, Schraml E, Wieser M, Messner P, Schneider K, Wassermann K, Micutkova L, Fortschegger K, Maier AB, Westendorp R, Resch H, Wolbank S, Redl H, Jansen‐Dürr P, Pietschmann P, Grillari‐Voglauer R, Grillari J. Secreted microvesicular miR-31 inhibits osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Aging Cell 2016; 15:744-54. [PMID: 27146333 PMCID: PMC4933673 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage to cells and tissues is one of the driving forces of aging and age-related diseases. Various repair systems are in place to counteract this functional decline. In particular, the property of adult stem cells to self-renew and differentiate is essential for tissue homeostasis and regeneration. However, their functionality declines with age (Rando, 2006). One organ that is notably affected by the reduced differentiation capacity of stem cells with age is the skeleton. Here, we found that circulating microvesicles impact on the osteogenic differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem cells in a donor-age-dependent way. While searching for factors mediating the inhibitory effect of elderly derived microvesicles on osteogenesis, we identified miR-31 as a crucial component. We demonstrated that miR-31 is present at elevated levels in the plasma of elderly and of osteoporosis patients. As a potential source of its secretion, we identified senescent endothelial cells, which are known to increase during aging in vivo (Erusalimsky, 2009). Endothelial miR-31 is secreted within senescent cell-derived microvesicles and taken up by mesenchymal stem cells where it inhibits osteogenic differentiation by knocking down its target Frizzled-3. Therefore, we suggest that microvesicular miR-31 in the plasma of elderly might play a role in the pathogenesis of age-related impaired bone formation and that miR-31 might be a valuable plasma-based biomarker for aging and for a systemic environment that does not favor cell-based therapies whenever osteogenesis is a limiting factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Weilner
- Department of BiotechnologyBOKU ‐ University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical TraumatologyAUVA Research CenterDonaueschingenstrasse 13A‐1200ViennaAustria
- Evercyte GmbHMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
| | - Elisabeth Schraml
- Department of BiotechnologyBOKU ‐ University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
| | - Matthias Wieser
- Department of BiotechnologyBOKU ‐ University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
- ACIBMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
| | - Paul Messner
- Department of NanoBiotechnologyVienna Institute of BioTechnologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Karl Schneider
- Department of BiotechnologyBOKU ‐ University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical TraumatologyAUVA Research CenterDonaueschingenstrasse 13A‐1200ViennaAustria
| | - Klemens Wassermann
- Department of BiotechnologyBOKU ‐ University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical TraumatologyAUVA Research CenterDonaueschingenstrasse 13A‐1200ViennaAustria
| | - Lucia Micutkova
- Institute of Biomedical Aging ResearchAustrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Klaus Fortschegger
- Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI)St. Anna KinderkrebsforschungViennaAustria
| | - Andrea B. Maier
- Department of Medicine and Aged CareRoyal Melbourne HospitalUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia
- Department of Human Movement SciencesMOVE Research Institute AmsterdamVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Rudi Westendorp
- Department of public health and center for healthy aginguniversity of CopenhagenDenmark
| | - Heinrich Resch
- Department of Medicine 2St. Vincent Hospital1060ViennaAustria
| | - Susanne Wolbank
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical TraumatologyAUVA Research CenterDonaueschingenstrasse 13A‐1200ViennaAustria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue RegenerationViennaAustria
| | - Heinz Redl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical TraumatologyAUVA Research CenterDonaueschingenstrasse 13A‐1200ViennaAustria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue RegenerationViennaAustria
| | - Pidder Jansen‐Dürr
- Institute of Biomedical Aging ResearchAustrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Peter Pietschmann
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of PathophysiologyInfectiology and ImmunologyMedical University of Vienna1090ViennaAustria
| | - Regina Grillari‐Voglauer
- Department of BiotechnologyBOKU ‐ University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
- Evercyte GmbHMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
- ACIBMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Department of BiotechnologyBOKU ‐ University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
- Evercyte GmbHMuthgasse 181190ViennaAustria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue RegenerationViennaAustria
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18
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Abstract
Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy (NFD) is a novel fibrosing disorder of the skin with characteristic histopathology. It affects patients with impaired renal function and appears to be independent from the type of kidney disease. Its aetiopathology is unknown and presently no standard therapy exists. We report a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and glomerulonephritis who developed diffuse indurated erythematous plaques covering nearly the entire legs and trunk. She had never received dialysis. The second patient suffered from SLE and antiphospholipid syndrome related thrombotic glomerulopathy. After 10 weeks of haemodialysis she developed the same skin condition. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first reports of NFD occurring in patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Obermoser
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Husa AM, Strobl MR, Strajeriu A, Wieser M, Strehl S, Grillari R, Fortschegger K. Utilization of hiPSC in leukemia research. Klin Padiatr 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1582528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Kühnel H, Adilijiang A, Dadak A, Wieser M, Upur H, Stolze K, Grillari J, Strasser A. Investigations into cytotoxic effects of the herbal preparation Abnormal Savda Munziq. Chin J Integr Med 2015. [PMID: 25967604 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2132-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of Abnormal Savda Munziq (ASMq), a traditional herbal medicine, for the prevention and treatment of human diseases, e.g. bowel cancer. METHODS The parameters total polyphenol content, cell proliferation and DNA-damage as well as RNA and protein-oxidation were analysed in vitro. Besides, the expressions of miRNA and tumor suppressor genes as well as cellular senescence were evaluated. RESULTS ASMq had a high polyphenol content and induced damage to proteins, RNA as well as to DNA, which is correlated with its cytotoxicity. Furthermore ASMq up-regulated the tumor suppressor genes p21, p53 and p16 and down-regulated the micro-RNAs hsa-mir-17 and hsa-mir-106b. In addition cellular growth arrest and SA-β-gal-staining were induced. CONCLUSION ASMq has the ability to induce DNA damage and cellular senescence, which are double-edged mechanisms in fighting cancer, as they might also have harmful side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Kühnel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, A-1210, Austria
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21
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Sendler T, Luka-Guth K, Wieser M, Lokamani, Wolf J, Helm M, Gemming S, Kerbusch J, Scheer E, Huhn T, Erbe A. Light-Induced Switching of Tunable Single-Molecule Junctions. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2015; 2:1500017. [PMID: 27980936 PMCID: PMC5115361 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201500017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2023]
Abstract
A major goal of molecular electronics is the development and implementation of devices such as single-molecular switches. Here, measurements are presented that show the controlled in situ switching of diarylethene molecules from their nonconductive to conductive state in contact to gold nanoelectrodes via controlled light irradiation. Both the conductance and the quantum yield for switching of these molecules are within a range making the molecules suitable for actual devices. The conductance of the molecular junctions in the opened and closed states is characterized and the molecular level E0, which dominates the current transport in the closed state, and its level broadening Γ are identified. The obtained results show a clear light-induced ring forming isomerization of the single-molecule junctions. Electron withdrawing side-groups lead to a reduction of conductance, but do not influence the efficiency of the switching mechanism. Quantum chemical calculations of the light-induced switching processes correlate these observations with the fundamentally different low-lying electronic states of the opened and closed forms and their comparably small modification by electron-withdrawing substituents. This full characterization of a molecular switch operated in a molecular junction is an important step toward the development of real molecular electronics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Sendler
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf Bautzner Landstraße 400 01328 Dresden Germany
| | | | - Matthias Wieser
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf Bautzner Landstraße 400 01328 Dresden Germany
| | - Lokamani
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Jannic Wolf
- Fachbereich Chemie Universität Konstanz 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Manfred Helm
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf Bautzner Landstraße 40001328 Dresden Germany; Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Sibylle Gemming
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf Bautzner Landstraße 40001328 Dresden Germany; Faculty of Science Technische Universität Chemnitz 09107 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Jochen Kerbusch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf Bautzner Landstraße 40001328 Dresden Germany; Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Elke Scheer
- Department of Physics Universität Konstanz 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Thomas Huhn
- Fachbereich Chemie Universität Konstanz 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Artur Erbe
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf Bautzner Landstraße 400 01328 Dresden Germany
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22
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Fliedl L, Kast F, Grillari J, Wieser M, Grillari-Voglauer R. Optimization of a quantitative PCR based method for plasmid copy number determination in human cell lines. N Biotechnol 2015; 32:716-9. [PMID: 25796475 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transient gene expression (TGE) is an essential tool for the production of recombinant proteins, especially in early drug discovery and development phases of biopharmaceuticals. The need for fast production of sufficient recombinant protein for initial tests has dramatically increased with increase in the identification of potential novel pharmaceutical targets. One of the critical factors for transient transfection is plasmid copy number (PCN), for which we here provide an optimized qPCR based protocol. Thereby, we show the loss of PCN during a typical batch process of HEK293 cells after transfection from 606,000 to 4560 copies per cell within 5 days. Finally two novel human kidney cell lines, RS and RPTEC/TERT1 were compared to HEK293 and proved competitive in terms of PCN and specific productivity. In conclusion, since trafficking and degradation of plasmid DNA is not fully understood yet, improved methods for analysis of PCN may contribute to design specific and more stable plasmids for high yield transient gene expression systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Johannes Grillari
- ACIB, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria; Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Regina Grillari-Voglauer
- ACIB, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria; Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
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23
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Fliedl L, Manhart G, Kast F, Katinger H, Kunert R, Grillari J, Wieser M, Grillari-Voglauer R. Novel human renal proximal tubular cell line for the production of complex proteins. J Biotechnol 2014; 176:29-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Waaijer MEC, Wieser M, Grillari-Voglauer R, van Heemst D, Grillari J, Maier AB. MicroRNA-663 induction upon oxidative stress in cultured human fibroblasts depends on the chronological age of the donor. Biogerontology 2014; 15:269-78. [PMID: 24664125 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-014-9496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs, regulators of messenger RNA translation, have been observed to influence many physiological processes, amongst them the process of aging. Higher levels of microRNA-663 (miR-663) have previously been observed in human dermal fibroblasts subject to both replicative and stress-induced senescence compared to early passage cells. Also, higher levels of miR-663 have been found in memory T-cells and in human fibroblasts derived from older donors compared to younger donors. In previous studies we observed that dermal fibroblasts from donors of different chronological and biological age respond differentially to oxidative stress measured by markers of cellular senescence and apoptosis. In the present study we set out to study the association between miR-663 levels and chronological and biological age. Therefore we tested in a total of 92 human dermal fibroblast strains whether the levels of miR-663 in non-stressed and stressed conditions (fibroblasts were treated with 0.6 μM rotenone in stressed conditions) were different in young, middle aged and old donors and whether they were different in middle aged donors dependent on their biological age, as indicated by the propensity for familial longevity. In non-stressed conditions the level of miR-663 did not differ between donors of different age categories and was not dependent on biological age. Levels of miR-663 did not differ dependent on biological age in stressed conditions either. However, for different age categories the level of miR-663 in stressed conditions did differ: the level of miR-663 was higher at higher age categories. Also, the ratio of miR-663 induction upon stress was significantly higher in donors from older age categories. In conclusion, we present evidence for an association of miR-663 upon stress and chronological age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariëtte E C Waaijer
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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25
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Fliedl L, Wieser M, Manhart G, Gerstl MP, Khan A, Grillari J, Grillari-Voglauer R. Controversial role of gamma-glutamyl transferase activity in cisplatin nephrotoxicity. ALTEX 2014; 31:269-78. [PMID: 24664430 DOI: 10.14573/altex.1311152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nephrotoxicity of chemotherapeutics is a major hindrance in the treatment of various tumors. Therefore, test systems that reflect mechanisms of human kidney toxicity are necessary, and to reduce animal testing cell culture based systems have to be developed. One cell type that is of specific interest in this regard are renal proximal tubular epithelial cells, as they reabsorb substances from human primary urine filtrates and thus are exposed to urinary excreted xenobiotics and are a major target of cisplatin toxicity. While animal studies using gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) knock-out mice or GGT inhibitors show that GGT activity increases kidney toxicity of cisplatin, the use of various cell models gives contradictory results. We therefore used a cell panel of immortalized human renal proximal tubular epithelial (RPTECs) cell lines differing in GGT activity. Low GGT activity resulted in high cisplatin sensitivity, as observed in RPTEC-SV40 cells or after siRNA mediated knock-down of GGT in RPTEC/TERT1 cells that have high GGT activity. However, the addition of GGT did not rescue, but also increased cisplatin sensitivity and adding GGT inhibitor as well as substrate (glutathione) or product (cysteinyl-glycine) of GGT resulted in decreased sensitivity. While our data suggest that the use of cell panels are of value in toxicology and toxicogenomics, they also emphasize on the complex interplay of toxins with the intracellular and extracellular microenvironment. In addition, we hypothesize that especially epithelial barrier formation and polarity of RPTECs need to be considered in toxicity models to validly predict the in vivo situation.
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26
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Dellago H, Preschitz‐Kammerhofer B, Terlecki‐Zaniewicz L, Schreiner C, Fortschegger K, Chang MW, Hackl M, Monteforte R, Kühnel H, Schosserer M, Gruber F, Tschachler E, Scheideler M, Grillari‐Voglauer R, Grillari J, Wieser M. High levels of oncomiR-21 contribute to the senescence-induced growth arrest in normal human cells and its knock-down increases the replicative lifespan. Aging Cell 2013; 12:446-58. [PMID: 23496142 PMCID: PMC3864473 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence of normal human cells has by now far exceeded its initial role as a model system for aging research. Many reports show the accumulation of senescent cells in vivo, their effect on their microenvironment and its double-edged role as tumour suppressor and promoter. Importantly, removal of senescent cells delays the onset of age-associated diseases in mouse model systems. To characterize the role of miRNAs in cellular senescence of endothelial cells, we performed miRNA arrays from HUVECs of five different donors. Twelve miRNAs, comprising hsa-miR-23a, hsa-miR-23b, hsa-miR-24, hsa-miR-27a, hsa-miR-29a, hsa-miR-31, hsa-miR-100, hsa-miR-193a, hsa-miR-221, hsa-miR-222 and hsa-let-7i are consistently up-regulated in replicatively senescent cells. Surprisingly, also miR-21 was found up-regulated by replicative and stress-induced senescence, despite being described as oncogenic. Transfection of early passage endothelial cells with miR-21 resulted in lower angiogenesis, and less cell proliferation mirrored by up-regulation of p21CIP1 and down-regulation of CDK2. These two cell-cycle regulators are indirectly regulated by miR-21 via its validated direct targets NFIB (Nuclear factor 1 B-type), a transcriptional inhibitor of p21CIP1, and CDC25A, which regulates CDK2 activity by dephosphorylation. Knock-down of either NFIB or CDC25A shows a phenocopy of over-expressing miR-21 in regard to cell-cycle arrest. Finally, miR-21 over-epxression reduces the replicative lifespan, while stable knock-down by sponges extends the replicative lifespan of endothelial cells. Therefore, we propose that miR-21 is the first miRNA that upon its knock-down extends the replicative lifespan of normal human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Dellago
- Department of Biotechnology BOKU‐VIBT University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
| | - Barbara Preschitz‐Kammerhofer
- Department of Biotechnology BOKU‐VIBT University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
| | - Lucia Terlecki‐Zaniewicz
- Department of Biotechnology BOKU‐VIBT University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
| | - Carina Schreiner
- Department of Biotechnology BOKU‐VIBT University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
| | - Klaus Fortschegger
- CCRI ‐ Children's Cancer Research Institute Zimmermannplatz 101090 Vienna Austria
| | - Martina W.‐F. Chang
- Department of Biotechnology BOKU‐VIBT University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
| | - Matthias Hackl
- Department of Biotechnology BOKU‐VIBT University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
| | - Rossella Monteforte
- Department of Biotechnology BOKU‐VIBT University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
| | - Harald Kühnel
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Veterinärplatz 1A‐1210Vienna Austria
| | - Markus Schosserer
- Department of Biotechnology BOKU‐VIBT University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
| | - Florian Gruber
- Department of Dermatology Medical University of Vienna A‐1090Vienna Austria
| | - Erwin Tschachler
- Department of Dermatology Medical University of Vienna A‐1090Vienna Austria
- C.E.R.I.E.S. ‐ Centre de Recherches et d'Investigations Epidermiques et Sensorielles 20 Rue Victor Noir 92200 Neuilly‐sur‐Seine France
| | - Marcel Scheideler
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics Graz University of Technology Petersgasse 148010Graz Austria
| | - Regina Grillari‐Voglauer
- Department of Biotechnology BOKU‐VIBT University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
- Evercyte GmbH Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH) Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Department of Biotechnology BOKU‐VIBT University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
- Evercyte GmbH Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
| | - Matthias Wieser
- Department of Biotechnology BOKU‐VIBT University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB GmbH) Muthgasse 181190Vienna Austria
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27
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Fliedl L, Pontiller J, Dunzinger S, Jennings P, Wieser M, Grillari J, Grillari-Voglauer R. Novel human kidney cell lines for better prediction of nephrotoxicity. N Biotechnol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2012.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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28
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Jadhav V, Hackl M, Bort JAH, Wieser M, Harreither E, Kunert R, Borth N, Grillari J. A screening method to assess biological effects of microRNA overexpression in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2012; 109:1376-85. [PMID: 22407745 DOI: 10.1002/bit.24490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2011] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a novel class of short non-coding RNAs, which negatively regulate target gene expression at post-transcriptional level. They mediate an important layer of control in the global regulation of gene networks, controlling a broad range of physiological as well as patho-physiological pathways including development, cancer, metabolism, proliferation, and stress resistance. So far, more than 365 miRNA genes have been identified in CHO cells. The functional analysis of the physiological effect of such large numbers of miRNAs, however, requires an efficient functional screening method. In the current study, we therefore established and evaluated a protocol to perform miRNA overexpression and to screen their effect on bio-industrially relevant phenotypes, such as growth, viability and productivity, using a recombinant, Epo-Fc producing CHO cell line. For protocol optimization, four CHO miRNAs (cgr-miR-17, cgr-miR-221, cgr-miR-21, and cgr-miR-210) were cloned into small hairpin vectors including a GFP cassette and transfected. After transfection cells were analyzed for growth and productivity over a 4-day period. Even from this small set of four miRNAs, the overexpression of miR-17, one of the members of the oncogenic miR-17-92 cluster, gave proof of principle that this method enables the identification of miRNA engineering candidates as its overexpression increased the speed of cell proliferation without negatively impacting specific productivity. The here presented method is applicable for medium-throughput screening for microRNA, miR-sponge, siRNA, or mRNA overexpression along with detailed functional characterization using the same experimental set up. As the same procedure can be applied to different production cell lines, the protocol can also be used to test for individual, cell line specific responses to microRNAs. Thus our system represents a general platform to functionally screen candidates for rational cell factory design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Jadhav
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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29
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Zhou T, Benda C, Duzinger S, Huang Y, Li X, Li Y, Guo X, Cao G, Chen S, Hao L, Chan YC, Ng KM, Ho JC, Wieser M, Wu J, Redl H, Tse HF, Grillari J, Grillari-Voglauer R, Pei D, Esteban MA. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from urine. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011; 22:1221-8. [PMID: 21636641 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2011010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Forced expression of selected transcription factors can transform somatic cells into embryonic stem cell (ESC)-like cells, termed induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). There is no consensus regarding the preferred tissue from which to harvest donor cells for reprogramming into iPSCs, and some donor cell types may be more prone than others to accumulation of epigenetic imprints and somatic cell mutations. Here, we present a simple, reproducible, noninvasive method for generating human iPSCs from renal tubular cells present in urine. This procedure eliminates many problems associated with other protocols, and the resulting iPSCs display an excellent ability to differentiate. These data suggest that urine may be a preferred source for generating iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Group, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Hackl M, Jakobi T, Blom J, Doppmeier D, Brinkrolf K, Szczepanowski R, Bernhart SH, Höner Zu Siederdissen C, Bort JAH, Wieser M, Kunert R, Jeffs S, Hofacker IL, Goesmann A, Pühler A, Borth N, Grillari J. Next-generation sequencing of the Chinese hamster ovary microRNA transcriptome: Identification, annotation and profiling of microRNAs as targets for cellular engineering. J Biotechnol 2011; 153:62-75. [PMID: 21392545 PMCID: PMC3119918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the predominant cell factory for the production of recombinant therapeutic proteins. Nevertheless, the lack in publicly available sequence information is severely limiting advances in CHO cell biology, including the exploration of microRNAs (miRNA) as tools for CHO cell characterization and engineering. In an effort to identify and annotate both conserved and novel CHO miRNAs in the absence of a Chinese hamster genome, we deep-sequenced small RNA fractions of 6 biotechnologically relevant cell lines and mapped the resulting reads to an artificial reference sequence consisting of all known miRNA hairpins. Read alignment patterns and read count ratios of 5' and 3' mature miRNAs were obtained and used for an independent classification into miR/miR* and 5p/3p miRNA pairs and discrimination of miRNAs from other non-coding RNAs, resulting in the annotation of 387 mature CHO miRNAs. The quantitative content of next-generation sequencing data was analyzed and confirmed using qPCR, to find that miRNAs are markers of cell status. Finally, cDNA sequencing of 26 validated targets of miR-17-92 suggests conserved functions for miRNAs in CHO cells, which together with the now publicly available sequence information sets the stage for developing novel RNAi tools for CHO cell engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hackl
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 19, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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Mader RM, Wieser M, Berger W, Kalipciyan M, Hackl M, Steger GG, Grillari J. Relevance of microRNA modulation in chemoresistant colon cancer in vitro. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2011; 49:67-68. [PMID: 21176732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R M Mader
- Dept. of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Department of Clinical Oncology, Währinger Gürtel 18 – 20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Laschober GT, Ruli D, Hofer E, Muck C, Carmona-Gutierrez D, Ring J, Hutter E, Ruckenstuhl C, Micutkova L, Brunauer R, Jamnig A, Trimmel D, Herndler-Brandstetter D, Brunner S, Zenzmaier C, Sampson N, Breitenbach M, Fröhlich KU, Grubeck-Loebenstein B, Berger P, Wieser M, Grillari-Voglauer R, Thallinger GG, Grillari J, Trajanoski Z, Madeo F, Lepperdinger G, Jansen-Dürr P. Identification of evolutionarily conserved genetic regulators of cellular aging. Aging Cell 2010; 9:1084-97. [PMID: 20883526 PMCID: PMC2997327 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2010.00637.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify new genetic regulators of cellular aging and senescence, we performed genome-wide comparative RNA profiling with selected human cellular model systems, reflecting replicative senescence, stress-induced premature senescence, and distinct other forms of cellular aging. Gene expression profiles were measured, analyzed, and entered into a newly generated database referred to as the GiSAO database. Bioinformatic analysis revealed a set of new candidate genes, conserved across the majority of the cellular aging models, which were so far not associated with cellular aging, and highlighted several new pathways that potentially play a role in cellular aging. Several candidate genes obtained through this analysis have been confirmed by functional experiments, thereby validating the experimental approach. The effect of genetic deletion on chronological lifespan in yeast was assessed for 93 genes where (i) functional homologues were found in the yeast genome and (ii) the deletion strain was viable. We identified several genes whose deletion led to significant changes of chronological lifespan in yeast, featuring both lifespan shortening and lifespan extension. In conclusion, an unbiased screen across species uncovered several so far unrecognized molecular pathways for cellular aging that are conserved in evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard T Laschober
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Doris Ruli
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of GrazHumboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Edith Hofer
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Graz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Muck
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Didac Carmona-Gutierrez
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of GrazHumboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Ring
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of GrazHumboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Eveline Hutter
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Ruckenstuhl
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of GrazHumboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lucia Micutkova
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Regina Brunauer
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Angelika Jamnig
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniela Trimmel
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Stefan Brunner
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Zenzmaier
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natalie Sampson
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Kai-Uwe Fröhlich
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of GrazHumboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Peter Berger
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matthias Wieser
- Aging and Immortalization Research, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Regina Grillari-Voglauer
- Aging and Immortalization Research, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard G Thallinger
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Graz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Aging and Immortalization Research, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Zlatko Trajanoski
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Graz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Biocenter, Section for Bioinformatics, Innsbruck Medical UniversityInnsbruck, Austria
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of GrazHumboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Günter Lepperdinger
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pidder Jansen-Dürr
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Conesa HM, Wieser M, Gasser M, Hockmann K, Evangelou MWH, Studer B, Schulin R. Effects of three amendments on extractability and fractionation of Pb, Cu, Ni and Sb in two shooting range soils. J Hazard Mater 2010; 181:845-850. [PMID: 20542377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.05.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Revised: 05/18/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of shooting range soils with toxic trace elements, in particular Pb and Sb, is of increasing environmental concern worldwide. We studied the extractability of Sb, and other metals in two shooting range soils: a calcareous soil (pH 8) with low organic carbon (0.5%) and a non-calcareous soil (pH 6.3) with elevated organic carbon content (5%). Both soils contained total concentrations of around 500 mg kg(-1) Pb, 65 mg kg(-1) Cu, 100 mg kg(-1) Zn and 20 mg kg(-1) Sb. We tested the effects of Ca(OH)(2), phosphate and sodium humate amendments on metals and Sb extractability. Extracts with H(2)O and NaNO(3) contained 0.02-0.05% of the total Zn and Pb; 0.1-0.5% of total Ni and Cu and approximately 1% of total Sb. Sequential extraction procedure of Zeien and Brümmer resulted in similar percentages for the sum of the two most labile fractions (F1+F2) in two soils: 10% Pb, and 15-20% Sb. Water and NaNO(3)-extractable Sb concentrations increased after phosphate addition, but were not affected by the addition of sodium humate. The results show that leaching of Sb from shooting ranges into ground and surface waters may generate a serious environmental risk under widely different soils conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Conesa
- Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Mader RM, Wieser M, Berger W, Kalipciyan M, Hackl M, Steger GG, Grillari J. Abstract A12: Differential micro-RNA expression in a multistage 5-fluorouracil resistant colon cancer model. Clin Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.tcme10-a12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: Among small non-coding RNAs, micro-RNAs have demonstrated a variety of essential functions under both physiological and pathological conditions such as cell cycle progression, oncogenic transformation and apoptosis. Thus, we hypothesized that micro-RNAs may play a major role in cellular stress adaptation.
Methods: To attain this aim, we evaluated a multi-stage colon cancer system with increasing degrees of resistance to the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil by i) differential expression profiling (micro-RNA arrays) and ii) subsequent validation of the candidate RNAs by quantitative PCR.
Results: Among 15 differential expressed micro-RNAs in our model system, 9 were confirmed by qPCR and selected for further investigations. Noteworthy, for every level of drug resistance (low, intermediate, and high) specific micro-RNAs were identified indicating an individual response to escalating cytotoxic stress at the molecular level. With regard to micro-RNA functions, our findings point at an involvement - if not a regulatory function - of the recognized micro-RNAs in the following processes (data from the literature): doxorubicin resistance (miR-130a), survival signaling, DNA-oriented stress, and oncogenic properties (all miR-19), epithelial-mesenchymal transition (miR-141 and miR-200), as well as invasion and metastasis (miR-10b). Some of these features are currently under investigation by transfection of the corresponding micro-RNA precursors or antagomirs in the chemoresistant model in order to assess the contribution of the identified micro-RNAs to the resistance phenotype.
Conclusions: Previous work from our team has demonstrated the orchestrated response of cancer cells to xenobiotics at the molecular level by global gene expression profiling. The investigated subclones, derived from the metastatic colon cancer cell line CCL 227, were characterized by stage dependent mRNA regulations affecting vital cellular functions such as cytoskeleton, cell-cell communication, signal transduction, cell cycle control and apoptosis. Remarkably, different degrees of chemoresistance addressed different cellular mechanisms, thus providing to the cancer cell the necessary flexibility to adapt to different levels of stress. Likewise, micro-RNAs seem to follow a similar behavior with different micro-RNA patterns reflecting the development of resistance to 5-fluorouracil. As micro-RNAs are very likely to play a decisive role in the cellular response to therapeutic stress, their regulation might offer novel starting points to understand and to oppose drug resistance. This work has been supported by the “Initiative Krebsforschung”, Austria.
Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(7 Suppl):A12
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias Wieser
- 2University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Matthias Hackl
- 2University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Johannes Grillari
- 2University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Hackl M, Brunner S, Fortschegger K, Schreiner C, Micutkova L, Mück C, Laschober GT, Lepperdinger G, Sampson N, Berger P, Herndler-Brandstetter D, Wieser M, Kühnel H, Strasser A, Rinnerthaler M, Breitenbach M, Mildner M, Eckhart L, Tschachler E, Trost A, Bauer JW, Papak C, Trajanoski Z, Scheideler M, Grillari-Voglauer R, Grubeck-Loebenstein B, Jansen-Dürr P, Grillari J. miR-17, miR-19b, miR-20a, and miR-106a are down-regulated in human aging. Aging Cell 2010; 9:291-6. [PMID: 20089119 PMCID: PMC2848978 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2010.00549.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial process where deterioration of body functions is driven by stochastic damage while counteracted by distinct genetically encoded repair systems. To better understand the genetic component of aging, many studies have addressed the gene and protein expression profiles of various aging model systems engaging different organisms from yeast to human. The recently identified small non-coding miRNAs are potent post-transcriptional regulators that can modify the expression of up to several hundred target genes per single miRNA, similar to transcription factors. Increasing evidence shows that miRNAs contribute to the regulation of most if not all important physiological processes, including aging. However, so far the contribution of miRNAs to age-related and senescence-related changes in gene expression remains elusive. To address this question, we have selected four replicative cell aging models including endothelial cells, replicated CD8+ T cells, renal proximal tubular epithelial cells, and skin fibroblasts. Further included were three organismal aging models including foreskin, mesenchymal stem cells, and CD8+ T cell populations from old and young donors. Using locked nucleic acid-based miRNA microarrays, we identified four commonly regulated miRNAs, miR-17 down-regulated in all seven; miR-19b and miR-20a, down-regulated in six models; and miR-106a down-regulated in five models. Decrease in these miRNAs correlated with increased transcript levels of some established target genes, especially the cdk inhibitor p21/CDKN1A. These results establish miRNAs as novel markers of cell aging in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hackl
- Aging and Immortalization Research, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna
| | - Stefan Brunner
- Departments of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (IBA)
| | - Klaus Fortschegger
- Aging and Immortalization Research, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna
| | - Carina Schreiner
- Aging and Immortalization Research, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna
| | - Lucia Micutkova
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (IBA)
| | - Christoph Mück
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (IBA)
| | - Gerhard T Laschober
- Extracellular Matrix Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (IBA)
| | - Günter Lepperdinger
- Extracellular Matrix Research, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (IBA)
| | - Natalie Sampson
- Endocrinology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (IBA)
| | - Peter Berger
- Endocrinology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (IBA)
| | - Dietmar Herndler-Brandstetter
- Departments of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (IBA)
| | - Matthias Wieser
- Aging and Immortalization Research, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna
| | - Harald Kühnel
- Department of Natural Sciences, Institute of Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine ViennaVeterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Wien, Austria
| | - Alois Strasser
- Department of Natural Sciences, Institute of Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine ViennaVeterinärplatz 1, A-1210 Wien, Austria
| | - Mark Rinnerthaler
- Department of Genetics, University of SalzburgHeilbrunnerstraße 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Breitenbach
- Department of Genetics, University of SalzburgHeilbrunnerstraße 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Mildner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of ViennaA-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Leopold Eckhart
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of ViennaA-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Erwin Tschachler
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of ViennaA-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Trost
- Department of Dermatology, SALK and Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg, Austria
| | - Johann W Bauer
- Department of Dermatology, SALK and Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg, Austria
| | - Christine Papak
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Graz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Zlatko Trajanoski
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Graz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Marcel Scheideler
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Graz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Regina Grillari-Voglauer
- Aging and Immortalization Research, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna
| | - Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein
- Departments of Immunology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (IBA)
| | - Pidder Jansen-Dürr
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of SciencesRennweg 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (IBA)
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Aging and Immortalization Research, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria, Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna
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Wieser M, Buetler L, Koenig A, Riener R. Quantitative description of the state of awareness of patients in vegetative and minimally conscious state. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2010; 2010:5533-5536. [PMID: 21096471 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2010.5626763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Clinical scales represent the golden standard in characterizing awareness for patients in vegetative or in a minimally conscious state. Clinical scales suffer from problems of sensitivity, specificity, subjectivity, and inter-rater reliability. This leads to a misdiagnosis rate of up to 40% and consequences associated with inappropriate treatment decisions. In this study, objective measures including physiological and neurological signals are used to quantify the patient status. Using linear backward regression analysis, 13 variables (based on frequency analysis of the electrocardiogram, heart rate variability, amplitude and latency of the P300, skin conductance responses, changes in the blood pressure and respiration signal) were found to be sufficient to describe 74.7% of the variability of the scores. In this regression model, the P300, electrocardiogram and the blood pressure signal account for most of the variability. More patient data and additional measures will enable refinement of the methods. This new objective-measurement based model of the state of awareness will complement the clinical scales in order to increase the quality of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wieser
- Sensory-Motor Systems (SMS) Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems (IRIS), ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 1, 8092, Switzerland.
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Wolbank S, Stadler G, Peterbauer A, Gillich A, Karbiener M, Streubel B, Wieser M, Katinger H, van Griensven M, Redl H, Gabriel C, Grillari J, Grillari-Voglauer R. Telomerase immortalized human amnion- and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells: maintenance of differentiation and immunomodulatory characteristics. Tissue Eng Part A 2009; 15:1843-54. [PMID: 19125642 PMCID: PMC3092731 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell banking of mesenchymal stem cells (SCs) from various human tissues has significantly increased the feasibility of SC-based therapies. Sources such as adipose tissue and amnion offer outstanding possibilities for allogeneic transplantation due to their high differentiation potential and their ability to modulate immune reaction. Limitations, however, concern the reduced replicative potential as a result of progressive telomere erosion, which hampers scaleable production and long-term analysis of these cells. Here we report the establishment and characterization of two human amnion-derived and two human adipose-derived SC lines immortalized by ectopic expression of the catalytic subunit of human telomerase (hTERT). hTERT overexpression resulted in continuously growing SC lines that were largely unaltered concerning surface marker profile, morphology, karyotype, and immunosuppressive capacity with similar or enhanced differentiation potential for up to 87 population doublings. While all generated lines showed equal immunomodulation compared to the parental cells, one of the amnion-derived immortalized lines resulted in significantly increased immunogenicity. Although telomerase proves as important tool for immortalizing cells, our data emphasize the need for careful and standardized characterization of each individual cell population for cell banks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Wolbank
- Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service of Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna/Linz, Austria
| | - Guido Stadler
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna/Linz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology/AUVA Research Center, Vienna/Linz, Austria
- Bio-Products & Bio-Engineering AG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja Peterbauer
- Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service of Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna/Linz, Austria
| | - Astrid Gillich
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Karbiener
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Berthold Streubel
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Wieser
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermann Katinger
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martijn van Griensven
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna/Linz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology/AUVA Research Center, Vienna/Linz, Austria
| | - Heinz Redl
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna/Linz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology/AUVA Research Center, Vienna/Linz, Austria
| | - Christian Gabriel
- Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service of Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna/Linz, Austria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Regina Grillari-Voglauer
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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Pichler J, Hesse F, Wieser M, Kunert R, Galosy SS, Mott JE, Borth N. A study on the temperature dependency and time course of the cold capture antibody secretion assay. J Biotechnol 2009; 141:80-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2009.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2008] [Revised: 02/24/2009] [Accepted: 03/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Riener R, Duschau-Wicke A, König A, Bolliger M, Wieser M, Vallery H. Automation in Rehabilitation: How to Include the Human into the Loop. IFMBE Proceedings 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-03895-2_52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Schmiegel W, Reinacher-Schick A, Arnold D, Graeven U, Heinemann V, Porschen R, Riemann J, Rödel C, Sauer R, Wieser M, Schmitt W, Schmoll HJ, Seufferlein T, Kopp I, Pox C. [Update S3-guideline "colorectal cancer" 2008]. Z Gastroenterol 2008; 46:799-840. [PMID: 18759205 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W Schmiegel
- Verantwortliche Institution (Leitliniensekretariat): Medizinische Klinik, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-Universität Bochum und die AWMF im Auftrag der DGVS und der DKG (Koordinatoren und Mitglieder der Konferenz siehe Anlage 1 - 3).
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Kraft P, Gadeholt O, Wieser M, Claßen J. Störung der relativen Körperachsenorientierung – ein neues klinisches Demenzzeichen. Akt Neurol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1086748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Wieser M, Stadler G, Jennings P, Streubel B, Pfaller W, Ambros P, Riedl C, Katinger H, Grillari J, Grillari-Voglauer R. hTERT alone immortalizes epithelial cells of renal proximal tubules without changing their functional characteristics. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2008; 295:F1365-75. [PMID: 18715936 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.90405.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere-dependent replicative senescence is one of the mechanisms that limit the number of population doublings of normal human cells. By overexpression of telomerase, cells of various origins have been successfully immortalized without changing the phenotype. While a limited number of telomerase-immortalized cells of epithelial origin are available, none of renal origin has been reported so far. Here we have established simple and safe conditions that allow serial passaging of renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTECs) until entry into telomere-dependent replicative senescence. As reported for other cells, senescence of RPTECs is characterized by arrest in G1 phase, shortened telomeres, staining for senescence-associated beta-galactosidase, and accumulation of gamma-H2AX foci. Furthermore, ectopic expression of the catalytic subunit of telomerase (TERT) was sufficient to immortalize these cells. Characterization of immortalized RPTEC/TERT1 cells shows characteristic morphological and functional properties like formation of tight junctions and domes, expression of aminopeptidase N, cAMP induction by parathyroid hormone, sodium-dependent phosphate uptake, and the megalin/cubilin transport system. No genomic instability within up to 90 population doublings has been observed. Therefore, these cells are proposed as a valuable model system not only for cell biology but also for toxicology, drug screening, biogerontology, as well as tissue engineering approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Wieser
- Aging and Immortalization Research, Institute of Applied Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Applied Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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Wieser M, Wurz P, Moebius E, Fuselier SA, Hertzberg E, McComas DJ. The ion-optical prototype of the low energy neutral atom sensor of the Interstellar Boundary Explorer Mission (IBEX). Rev Sci Instrum 2007; 78:124502. [PMID: 18163739 DOI: 10.1063/1.2821235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The direct measurement of the energetic neutral atoms originating from the heliospheric termination shock and beyond as well as neutral interstellar gas penetrating into the heliosphere requires a very sensitive neutral particle imaging instrument in the energy range of 10-1000 eV. We present the development of the prototype of the low energy sensor for the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) mission: IBEX-Lo is a neutral particle mass spectrometer dedicated to the measurement of energetic neutral atoms in this energy range. The response of the sensor to incident neutral hydrogen, helium, and oxygen atoms is discussed as well as the properties of the sensor's ion optics, the neutral-to-negative conversion surfaces, and other instrumental parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wieser
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the effects of a maximal resistance training following the principles of the most effective resistance training known from sport adapted to elderly people. Twenty-four subjects were randomly assigned into a training group (10 females and 4 males, age; 76.2 +/- 3.2 years) that underwent a training program and a control group (6 females and 4 males, age; 76.6 +/- 2.7 years) that did not participate in the training program. Before and after the training period, both groups were identically examined (blood and urine sample, spiroergometric testing, morphological measurements). The training group underwent a 12-week training program. Eight different exercises for the largest muscle groups of the largest joints were defined as one training circle. Training took place twice a week and commenced with two training circles per week (one circle per training session). After every four weeks, one training circle per week was added until four training circles per week were reached. Before, after every four weeks (changes in training amount) and after the training period, the maximum strength was measured. Data was analysed by the independent T-test and the analysis of variance, in case of significance, the dependent T-test and the Scheffé-test were used. In the resistance training group, the fat-free body mass was increased by approximately 2.9 +/- 0.5 kg, with no significant difference between females and males. Ergometrical fitness was increased by approximately 15 %, while the maximum oxygen uptake was increased by approximately 12 %. Maximum strength was increased between 26 % (bench pull) and 38 % (leg press). Resistance training that consisted of two training sessions per week was found to be at least as efficient as resistance training that included three training sessions per week, provided that the number of sets performed were equal. Seventy-five-year-old females were found to have a significantly higher body fat content than males of the same age (37 % versus 26 %, respectively). However, the decrease in body fat mass due to resistance training was found to be equal in both females and males (- 4 +/- 0.8 kg). Furthermore, there was almost no difference in muscle strength between the sexes for this age group (for example; leg press: females 86 kg versus males 82 kg).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wieser
- Department of Sports Medicine at the Clinic of Internal Medicine IV, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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Stadler G, Wieser M, Steindl F, Grillari J, Katinger H, Pfragner R, Voglauer R. Development of standardized cell culture conditions for tumor cells with potential clinical application. Cytotherapy 2007; 9:488-98. [PMID: 17786610 DOI: 10.1080/14653240701385836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor cell lines have enormous value for the study of different aspects of cancer biology and have also recently gained great importance in autologous cell-based anti-tumor therapies. However, the use of these cells is still limited because in vitro growth is hampered by suboptimal culture conditions and current media contain fetal bovine serum (FBS), which poses serious safety concerns regarding clinical application. METHODS To address this drawback, we aimed to develop a strategy for optimization of the culture medium for human medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) cell lines as a model system. We combined the general cell screening system (GCSS), which continuously measured the growth behavior of cells in a 96-well plate format, with statistically based experimental designs. RESULTS The results obtained clearly demonstrated that, just by changing the composition of the basal medium, a significantly enhanced growth rate could be observed, and by subsequent addition of several substances a serum-free cell culture medium could be developed. This medium allowed the propagation of two MTC cell lines comparable with conventionally used serum-supplemented medium. DISCUSSION We present a fast and easy way to screen for substances that are essential for tumor cell growth in vitro. Furthermore, these tumor cells can be adapted to culture conditions that allow the use of the cells in safe cell-based therapies. This is of utmost importance because of increasing regulatory requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Stadler
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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Fehrer C, Voglauer R, Wieser M, Pfister G, Brunauer R, Cioca D, Grubeck-Loebenstein B, Lepperdinger G. Techniques in gerontology: Cell lines as standards for telomere length and telomerase activity assessment. Exp Gerontol 2006; 41:648-51. [PMID: 16677791 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2006.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2005] [Revised: 03/24/2006] [Accepted: 03/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The length of telomeres is believed to critically influence cellular aging processes and disease development. In order to reliably monitor telomere length and the corresponding cellular telomerase activity by optimized procedures, either based on flow cytometry or quantitative PCR technique, we here propose three commonly used cell lines, HEK293, K562 and TCL1301 as standards. In this contribution, efficient methods to determine mean telomere length of eukaryotic chromosomal DNA and determination of the corresponding telomeras activity are outlined. In particular, wide-range standard curves for a precise assessment of telomere length of genomic DNA by quantitative PCR technique are presented, measures, which greatly simplify the evaluation of respective functional roles of telomeres when studying biological processes such as disease progression and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Fehrer
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Rennweg 10, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Brachner A, Sasgary S, Pirker C, Rodgarkia C, Mikula M, Mikulits W, Bergmeister H, Setinek U, Wieser M, Chin SF, Caldas C, Micksche M, Cerni C, Berger W. Telomerase- and Alternative Telomere Lengthening–Independent Telomere Stabilization in a Metastasis-Derived Human Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line: Effect of Ectopic hTERT. Cancer Res 2006; 66:3584-92. [PMID: 16585183 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-2839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the majority of human malignancies, maintenance of telomeres is achieved by reactivation of telomerase, whereas a smaller fraction uses an alternative telomere lengthening (ALT) mechanism. Here, we used 16 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines to investigate telomere stabilization mechanisms and their effect on tumor aggressiveness. Three of 16 NSCLC cell lines (VL-9, SK-LU-1, and VL-7) lacked telomerase activity, correlating with significantly reduced tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. Of the three telomerase-negative cell lines, only SK-LU-1 displayed characteristics of an ALT mechanism (i.e., highly heterogeneous telomeres and ALT-associated promyelocytic leukemia bodies). VL-9 cells gained telomerase during in vitro propagation, indicating incomplete immortalization in vivo. In contrast, NSCLC metastasis-derived VL-7 cells remained telomerase and ALT negative up to high passage numbers and following transplantation in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Telomeres of VL-7 cells were homogeneously short, and chromosomal instability (CIN) was comparable with most telomerase-positive cell lines. This indicates the presence of an efficient telomere stabilization mechanism different from telomerase and ALT in VL-7 cells. To test the effect of ectopic telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in these unique ALT- and telomerase-negative tumor backgrounds, hTERT was transfected into VL-7 cells. The activation of telomerase led to an excessively rapid gain of telomeric sequences resulting in very long ( approximately 14 kb), uniform telomeres. Additionally, hTERT expression induced a more aggressive growth behavior in vitro and in vivo without altering the level of CIN. These data provide further evidence for a direct oncogenic activity of hTERT not based on the inhibition of CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brachner
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Voglauer R, Chang MWF, Dampier B, Wieser M, Baumann K, Sterovsky T, Schreiber M, Katinger H, Grillari J. SNEV overexpression extends the life span of human endothelial cells. Exp Cell Res 2006; 312:746-59. [PMID: 16388800 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2005.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2005] [Revised: 11/12/2005] [Accepted: 11/21/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In a recent screening for genes down regulated in replicatively senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), we have isolated the novel protein SNEV. Since then SNEV has proven as a multifaceted protein playing a role in pre-mRNA splicing, DNA repair, and the ubiquitin/proteosome system. Here, we report that SNEV mRNA decreases in various cell types during replicative senescence, and that it is increased in various immortalized cell lines, as well as in breast tumors, where SNEV transcript levels also correlate with the survival of breast cancer patients. Since these mRNA profiles suggested a role of SNEV in the regulation of cell proliferation, the effect of its overexpression was tested. Thereby, a significant extension of the cellular life span was observed, which was not caused by altered telomerase activity or telomere dynamics but rather by enhanced stress resistance. When SNEV overexpressing cells were treated with bleomycin or bleomycin combined with BSO, inducing DNA damage as well as reactive oxygen species, a significantly lower fraction of apoptotic cells was found in comparison to vector control cells. These data suggest that high levels of SNEV might extend the cellular life span by increasing the resistance to stress or by improving the DNA repair capacity of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Voglauer
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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Wieser M, Stadler G, Böhm E, Borth N, Katinger H, Grillari J, Voglauer R. Nuclear Flow FISH: Isolation of cell nuclei improves the determination of telomere lengths. Exp Gerontol 2006; 41:230-5. [PMID: 16311000 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2005.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2005] [Revised: 09/08/2005] [Accepted: 09/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding telomere biology is of utmost importance for aging and cancer research. An essential tool is the determination of telomere length, which traditionally is done by telomere restriction fragment analysis, a laborious and time consuming method. Therefore, large efforts have been made to establish alternative methods like flow FISH analysis. This method, combining fluorescence in situ hybridization with a telomere specific peptide nucleic acid probe and flow cytometry, measures single cells, is suitable for analysis of non-dividing cells, and can be performed within 24 h. However, when performing flow FISH analysis with normal human kidney epithelial cells, we observed strong variation of autofluorescence at different population doubling levels, especially at replicative senescence, which limits the suitability of this method for the analysis of normal human cells. Since molecules responsible for autofluorescence are predominantly accumulating in the cytoplasm, we decided to isolate the nuclei to perform flow FISH analysis. With this novel nuclear flow FISH (NFF) technique we were able to minimize autofluorescence and its variability, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio and consequently, allowing the determination of telomere length during in vitro aging with high accuracy. Moreover, NFF will find broader applications, whenever in situ hybridization signals have to be quantitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Wieser
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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Voglauer R, Grillari J, Fortschegger K, Wieser M, Sterovsky T, Gunsberg P, Katinger H, Pfragner R. Establishment of human fibroma cell lines from a MEN1 patient by introduction of either hTERT or SV40 early region. Int J Oncol 2005; 26:961-70. [PMID: 15753990 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.26.4.961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishment of tumor cell lines as model systems for studying tumor biology or as a part of immunotherapeutic anti-cancer strategies is of high importance, whereby the highest possible preservation of the original tumor cell phenotype is a prerequisite for these aims. Since overexpression of the catalytic subunit of human telomerase (hTERT) is known to minimally alter the cellular phenotype, we focused on the establishment of cell lines derived from human fibroma from a MEN1 patient by ectopic expression of hTERT. Additionally, a cell line was generated by introduction of the early region of SV40 (SV40 ER). Both approaches resulted in continuous cell lines, and neither T1-LOHG (hTERT) nor SV1-LOHG (SV40 ER) showed a transformed phenotype. While SV40 ER-transfected cells underwent dramatic changes in morphology and growth characteristics, hTERT-expressing cells indeed retained a phenotype highly similar to the parental cells. Nevertheless, hTERT overexpression resulted in increased growth rates after about 70 population doublings (PD) and alterations of mRNA levels of genes associated with tumor pathogenesis. Thus, our data suggest that ectopic hTERT expression leads to immortalization of LOHG-F, sustaining many characteristics of the non-transfected counterparts, but continuous growth in vitro is associated with changes of the cellular phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Voglauer
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
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