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Gardino AK, Collins C, Lynes MS, Boriack-Sjodin PA, Copeland RA, Ribich SA. Abstract B130: Elevated cancer-intrinsic type I interferon signaling confers a dependency on the RNA editor ADAR1. Mol Cancer Ther 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.targ-19-b130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The deamination of adenosine to inosine (known as A-to-I editing) is one of the most prevalent RNA modifications that occurs in metazoans and is mediated by the Adenosine Deaminase Acting on RNA (ADAR) family of enzymes. The enzyme ADAR/ADAR1 catalyzes the majority of A-to-I editing where it has been demonstrated to effect coding sequence, miRNA function and silencing of Alu repetitive elements1. A critical function of ADAR1 is to edit double stranded RNA (dsRNA) structures that can activate the cytoplasmic nucleoside sensors MDA5 and PKR, preventing aberrant activation of an innate immune type I interferon (IFN) response2,3. Consistent with this hypothesis, mutations in ADAR1 and other enzymes involved in nucleoside metabolism and/or sensing are found in Aicardi-Goutiéres Syndrome (AGS), an interferonopathy associated with spontaneous interferon production4. Through analysis of pooled CRISPR and shRNA screening data, we have identified that cancer cell lines with elevated expression of specific type I interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) are dependent on ADAR1 for their survival. Tumor cells can display elevated intrinsic type I interferon signaling and associated dsRNA burden due to multiple factors, including chronic cytoplasmic DNA activation of STING, oncovirus infection and other proinflammatory signals. We have identified a core subset of 26 ISGs that predict a cellular dependency on ADAR1 and demonstrate elevated expression of these ISGs in a diverse range of tumor types including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, breast cancer, esophageal cancer, and lung cancer. Utilizing an isogenic cell line with low basal type I interferon signaling and knockout of ADAR1, we demonstrate that we can induce cell death through exogenous treatment with the dsRNA mimetic poly-(I:C) or type I interferons (IFNα or IFNβ) but not the type II interferon IFNγ. We believe that chronic ISG expression and dsRNA burden creates a dependency on ADAR1 to prevent activation of MDA5 and PKR. These data suggest an ADAR1 inhibitor could be beneficial for the treatment of tumors with elevated ISG expression.
Eisenberg et al., Nature Review Genetics (2018)
Ahmad et al., Cell (2018)
Chung et al., Cell (2018)
Crow et al., Nature Review Immunology (2015)
Citation Format: Alexandra K. Gardino, Cindy Collins, Maureen S. Lynes, P. Ann Boriack-Sjodin, Robert A. Copeland, Scott A. Ribich. Elevated cancer-intrinsic type I interferon signaling confers a dependency on the RNA editor ADAR1 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2019 Oct 26-30; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2019;18(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B130. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.TARG-19-B130
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Schlaeger TM, Daheron L, Brickler TR, Entwisle S, Chan K, Cianci A, DeVine A, Ettenger A, Fitzgerald K, Godfrey M, Gupta D, McPherson J, Malwadkar P, Gupta M, Bell B, Doi A, Jung N, Li X, Lynes MS, Brookes E, Cherry ABC, Demirbas D, Tsankov AM, Zon LI, Rubin LL, Feinberg AP, Meissner A, Cowan CA, Daley GQ. A comparison of non-integrating reprogramming methods. Nat Biotechnol 2014; 33:58-63. [PMID: 25437882 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.3070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are useful in disease modeling and drug discovery, and they promise to provide a new generation of cell-based therapeutics. To date there has been no systematic evaluation of the most widely used techniques for generating integration-free hiPSCs. Here we compare Sendai-viral (SeV), episomal (Epi) and mRNA transfection mRNA methods using a number of criteria. All methods generated high-quality hiPSCs, but significant differences existed in aneuploidy rates, reprogramming efficiency, reliability and workload. We discuss the advantages and shortcomings of each approach, and present and review the results of a survey of a large number of human reprogramming laboratories on their independent experiences and preferences. Our analysis provides a valuable resource to inform the use of specific reprogramming methods for different laboratories and different applications, including clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten M Schlaeger
- 1] Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | - Karrie Chan
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amelia Cianci
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander DeVine
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew Ettenger
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kelly Fitzgerald
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michelle Godfrey
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dipti Gupta
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jade McPherson
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Prerana Malwadkar
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Manav Gupta
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Blair Bell
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Akiko Doi
- 1] Center for Epigenetics and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. [2] Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Namyoung Jung
- Center for Epigenetics and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Center for Epigenetics and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Emily Brookes
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anne B C Cherry
- 1] Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Didem Demirbas
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander M Tsankov
- 1] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leonard I Zon
- 1] Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lee L Rubin
- 1] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew P Feinberg
- Center for Epigenetics and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexander Meissner
- 1] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chad A Cowan
- 1] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [4] Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George Q Daley
- 1] Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [2] Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. [3] Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. [4] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Hospital Boston and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Naryshkin NA, Weetall M, Dakka A, Narasimhan J, Zhao X, Feng Z, Ling KKY, Karp GM, Qi H, Woll MG, Chen G, Zhang N, Gabbeta V, Vazirani P, Bhattacharyya A, Furia B, Risher N, Sheedy J, Kong R, Ma J, Turpoff A, Lee CS, Zhang X, Moon YC, Trifillis P, Welch EM, Colacino JM, Babiak J, Almstead NG, Peltz SW, Eng LA, Chen KS, Mull JL, Lynes MS, Rubin LL, Fontoura P, Santarelli L, Haehnke D, McCarthy KD, Schmucki R, Ebeling M, Sivaramakrishnan M, Ko CP, Paushkin SV, Ratni H, Gerlach I, Ghosh A, Metzger F. Motor neuron disease. SMN2 splicing modifiers improve motor function and longevity in mice with spinal muscular atrophy. Science 2014; 345:688-93. [PMID: 25104390 DOI: 10.1126/science.1250127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 346] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disease caused by mutation or deletion of the survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. A paralogous gene in humans, SMN2, produces low, insufficient levels of functional SMN protein due to alternative splicing that truncates the transcript. The decreased levels of SMN protein lead to progressive neuromuscular degeneration and high rates of mortality. Through chemical screening and optimization, we identified orally available small molecules that shift the balance of SMN2 splicing toward the production of full-length SMN2 messenger RNA with high selectivity. Administration of these compounds to Δ7 mice, a model of severe SMA, led to an increase in SMN protein levels, improvement of motor function, and protection of the neuromuscular circuit. These compounds also extended the life span of the mice. Selective SMN2 splicing modifiers may have therapeutic potential for patients with SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marla Weetall
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Amal Dakka
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Jana Narasimhan
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Xin Zhao
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Zhihua Feng
- Section of Neurobiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Karen K Y Ling
- Section of Neurobiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Gary M Karp
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Hongyan Qi
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Matthew G Woll
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Guangming Chen
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Nanjing Zhang
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | | | - Priya Vazirani
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | | | - Bansri Furia
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Nicole Risher
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Josephine Sheedy
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Ronald Kong
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Jiyuan Ma
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Anthony Turpoff
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Chang-Sun Lee
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Young-Choon Moon
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | | | - Ellen M Welch
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Joseph M Colacino
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - John Babiak
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Neil G Almstead
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA
| | - Stuart W Peltz
- PTC Therapeutics, 100 Corporate Court, South Plainfield, NJ 07080, USA.
| | - Loren A Eng
- SMA Foundation, 888 Seventh Avenue, Suite 400, New York, NY 10019, USA
| | - Karen S Chen
- SMA Foundation, 888 Seventh Avenue, Suite 400, New York, NY 10019, USA
| | - Jesse L Mull
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Maureen S Lynes
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Lee L Rubin
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Paulo Fontoura
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luca Santarelli
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Haehnke
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Roland Schmucki
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Ebeling
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manaswini Sivaramakrishnan
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chien-Ping Ko
- Section of Neurobiology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Sergey V Paushkin
- SMA Foundation, 888 Seventh Avenue, Suite 400, New York, NY 10019, USA
| | - Hasane Ratni
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Irene Gerlach
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anirvan Ghosh
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Friedrich Metzger
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland.
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