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Gontrani L, Bauer EM, Talone A, Missori M, Imperatori P, Tagliatesta P, Carbone M. CuO Nanoparticles and Microaggregates: An Experimental and Computational Study of Structure and Electronic Properties. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:4800. [PMID: 37445114 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The link between morphology and properties is well-established in the nanoparticle literature. In this report, we show that different approaches in the synthesis of copper oxide can lead to nanoparticles (NPs) of different size and morphology. The structure and properties of the synthesized NPs are investigated with powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Through detailed SEM analyses, we were able to correlate the synthetic pathways with the particles' shape and aggregation, pointing out that bare hydrothermal pathways yield mainly spheroidal dandelion-like aggregates, whereas, if surfactants are added, the growth of the nanostructures along a preferential direction is promoted. The effect of the morphology on the electronic properties was evaluated through DRS, which allowed us to obtain the electron bandgap in every system synthesized, and to find that the rearrangement of threaded particles into more compact structures leads to a reduction in the energy difference. The latter result was compared with Density Functional Theory (DFT) computational models of small centrosymmetric CuO clusters, cut from the tenorite crystal structure. The computed UV-Vis absorption spectra obtained from the clusters are in good agreement with experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Gontrani
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Elvira Maria Bauer
- Italian National Research Council-Institute of Structure of Matter (CNR-ISM), Via Salaria km 29.3, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Talone
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Missori
- Institute of Complex Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISC) and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Imperatori
- Italian National Research Council-Institute of Structure of Matter (CNR-ISM), Via Salaria km 29.3, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Pietro Tagliatesta
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marilena Carbone
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Italian National Research Council-Institute of Structure of Matter (CNR-ISM), Via Salaria km 29.3, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
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2
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Pilozzi L, Missori M, Conti C. Observation of terahertz transition from Fano resonances to bound states in the continuum. Opt Lett 2023; 48:2381-2384. [PMID: 37126301 DOI: 10.1364/ol.486226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Bound states in the continuum (BIC) in metamaterials have recently attracted attention for their promising applications in photonics. Here, we investigate the transition from Fano resonances to BIC, at terahertz (THz) frequencies, of a one-dimensional photonic crystal slab made of rectangular dielectric rods. Simulations performed by an analytical exact solution of the Maxwell equations showed that symmetry-protected, high-quality factor (Q), BIC emerge at normal incidence. For non-normal incidence, BIC couple with the freely propagating waves and appear in the scattering field as a Fano resonance. Simulations were verified by realizing the photonic crystal slab by 3D-printing technique. THz time-domain spectroscopy measurements as a function of the incidence angle matched the simulation to good accuracy and confirmed the evolution of Fano resonances to high-Q resonances typical of BIC. These results point out the design of highly sensitive and low-cost THz devices for sensing for a wide range of applications.
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Tavagnacco L, Chiessi E, Severini L, Franco S, Buratti E, Capocefalo A, Brasili F, Mosca Conte A, Missori M, Angelini R, Sennato S, Mazzuca C, Zaccarelli E. Molecular origin of the two-step mechanism of gellan aggregation. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadg4392. [PMID: 36897940 PMCID: PMC10005172 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg4392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Among hydrocolloids, gellan is one of the most studied polysaccharides due to its ability to form mechanically stable gels. Despite its long-standing use, the gellan aggregation mechanism is still not understood because of the lack of atomistic information. Here, we fill this gap by developing a new gellan force field. Our simulations offer the first microscopic overview of gellan aggregation, detecting the coil to single-helix transition at dilute conditions and the formation of higher-order aggregates at high concentration through a two-step process: first, the formation of double helices and then their assembly into superstructures. For both steps, we also assess the role of monovalent and divalent cations, complementing simulations with rheology and atomic force microscopy experiments and highlighting the leading role of divalent cations. These results pave the way for future use of gellan-based systems in a variety of applications, from food science to art restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Tavagnacco
- CNR-ISC and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ester Chiessi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica I, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Severini
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica I, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Franco
- CNR-ISC and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Buratti
- CNR-ISC and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angela Capocefalo
- CNR-ISC and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Brasili
- CNR-ISC and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Adriano Mosca Conte
- CNR-ISC and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Missori
- CNR-ISC and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Angelini
- CNR-ISC and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Sennato
- CNR-ISC and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Mazzuca
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica I, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Zaccarelli
- CNR-ISC and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Missori M, Pilozzi L, Conti C. Terahertz waves dynamic diffusion in 3D printed structures. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8613. [PMID: 35597803 PMCID: PMC9124215 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12617-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Applications of metamaterials in the realization of efficient devices in the terahertz band have recently been considered to achieve wave deflection, focusing, amplitude manipulation and dynamical modulation. Terahertz metamaterials offer practical advantages since their structures have typical sizes of hundreds microns and are within the reach of current three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies. Here, we propose terahertz photonic structures composed of dielectric rods layers made of acrylonitrile styrene acrylate realized by low-cost, rapid, and versatile fused deposition modeling 3D-printing. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is employed for the experimental study of their spectral and dynamic response. Measured spectra are interpreted by using simulations performed by an analytical exact solution of the Maxwell equations for a general incidence geometry, by a field expansion as a sum over reciprocal lattice vectors. Results show that the structures possess specific spectral forbidden bands of the incident THz radiation depending on their optical and geometrical parameters. We also find evidence of disorder in the 3D printed structure resulting in the closure of the forbidden bands at frequencies above 0.3 THz. The size disorder of the structures is quantified by studying the dynamics diffusion of THz pulses as a function of the numbers of layers of dielectric rods. Comparison with simulations of light diffusion in photonic crystals with increasing disorder allows estimating the size distributions of elements. By using a Mean Squared Displacement model, from the broadening of the pulses’ widths it is also possible to estimate the diffusion coefficient of the terahertz radiation in the photonic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Missori
- Institute for Complex Systems, National Research Council, Via dei Taurini 19, 00185, Rome, Italy.,Department of Physics, University Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Pilozzi
- Institute for Complex Systems, National Research Council, Via dei Taurini 19, 00185, Rome, Italy. .,Research Center Enrico Fermi, Via Panisperna 89a, 00184, Rome, Italy.
| | - Claudio Conti
- Institute for Complex Systems, National Research Council, Via dei Taurini 19, 00185, Rome, Italy.,Department of Physics, University Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.,Research Center Enrico Fermi, Via Panisperna 89a, 00184, Rome, Italy
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Chavarin CA, Hardt E, Gruessing S, Skibitzki O, Costina I, Spirito D, Seifert W, Klesse W, Manganelli CL, You C, Flesch J, Piehler J, Missori M, Baldassarre L, Witzigmann B, Capellini G. n-type Ge/Si antennas for THz sensing. Opt Express 2021; 29:7680-7689. [PMID: 33726264 DOI: 10.1364/oe.418382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ge-on-Si plasmonics holds the promise for compact and low-cost solutions in the manipulation of THz radiation. We discuss here the plasmonic properties of doped Ge bow-tie antennas made with a low-point cost CMOS mainstream technology. These antennas display resonances between 500 and 700 GHz, probed by THz time domain spectroscopy. We show surface functionalization of the antennas with a thin layer of α-lipoic acid that red-shifts the antenna resonances by about 20 GHz. Moreover, we show that antennas protected with a silicon nitride cap layer exhibit a comparable red-shift when covered with the biolayer. This suggests that the electromagnetic fields at the hotspot extend well beyond the cap layer, enabling the possibility to use the antennas with an improved protection of the plasmonic material in conjunction with microfluidics.
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Capuani S, Stagno V, Missori M, Sadori L, Longo S. High-resolution multiparametric MRI of contemporary and waterlogged archaeological wood. Magn Reson Chem 2020; 58:860-869. [PMID: 32364650 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution NMR images on three different present-day wood samples and an archaeological wood specimen were presented and discussed. Although the spatial resolution is still low to perform dendrology for the exact identification of the wooden species, the T2 -spin-density weighted images exhibit contrasts that are in excellent agreement with optical histological images. On the other hand, T2 * and T1 -weighted images provide physiological information that is not obtainable by the usual light microscopic investigations. Moreover, the diffusion-weighted images show the anisotropic behaviour of the water diffusion coefficient quantified along and perpendicularly to vascular bundles (vessels and tracheids), which can be related to the morphology and size of wooden microstructure. This work suggests that high-resolution multiparametric MRI may be a useful tool to increase the information obtainable from the waterlogged archaeological wood remains in a completely non-invasive and non-destructive approach. Therefore, it would be desirable to further develop the hardware and functional characteristics of MRI scanners to improve their potential application in the field of wooden cultural heritage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Capuani
- National Research Council-Institute for Complex Systems (CNR-ISC) c/o Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Centro Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Stagno
- Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Missori
- National Research Council-Institute for Complex Systems (CNR-ISC) c/o Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Sadori
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sveva Longo
- National Research Council-Institute for Complex Systems (CNR-ISC) c/o Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physics Science and Earth Sciences (MIFT), University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Gimat A, Schöder S, Thoury M, Missori M, Paris-Lacombe S, Dupont AL. Short- and Long-Term Effects of X-ray Synchrotron Radiation on Cotton Paper. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2795-2807. [PMID: 32539350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
X-ray analytical techniques are increasingly being used to study manuscripts and works of art on paper, whether with laboratory equipment or synchrotron sources. However, it is difficult to anticipate the impact of X-ray photons on paper- and cellulose-based artifacts, particularly due to the large variety of their constituents and degradation levels, and the subsequent material multiscale heterogeneity. In this context, this work aims at developing an analytical approach to study the modifications in paper upon synchrotron radiation (SR) X-ray radiation using analytical techniques, which are fully complementary and highly sensitive, yet not frequently used together. At the molecular scale, cellulose chain scissions and hydroxyl free radicals were measured using chromatographic separation techniques (size-exclusion chromatography-multiangle laser light scattering-differential refractive index (SEC-MALS-DRI) and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detector-diode array detector (RP-HPLC-FLD-DAD)), while the optical properties of paper were characterized using spectroscopy (UV luminescence and diffuse reflectance). These techniques showed different sensitivities toward the detection of changes. The modifications in the cellulosic material were monitored in real time, within a few days, and up to 2 years following the irradiation to define a lowest observed adverse effect dose (LOAED). As paper is a hygroscopic material, the impact of the humidity in the environment was studied using this approach. Three levels of moisture content in the paper, achieved by conditioning the samples and irradiating them at different relative humidities (RHs), were studied (0, 50, 80% RH). It was shown that very low moisture content accelerated molecular and optical modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Gimat
- Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation des Collections (CRC, CNRS USR 3224), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 36 rue Geoffroy St Hilaire, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Mathieu Thoury
- IPANEMA, CNRS, minist́re de la Culture, UVSQ, USR3461, Universit́ Paris-Saclay, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mauro Missori
- Institute for Complex Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISC) and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Paris-Lacombe
- Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation des Collections (CRC, CNRS USR 3224), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 36 rue Geoffroy St Hilaire, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Anne-Laurence Dupont
- Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation des Collections (CRC, CNRS USR 3224), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 36 rue Geoffroy St Hilaire, 75005 Paris, France
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Di Napoli B, Franco S, Severini L, Tumiati M, Buratti E, Titubante M, Nigro V, Gnan N, Micheli L, Ruzicka B, Mazzuca C, Angelini R, Missori M, Zaccarelli E. Gellan Gum Microgels as Effective Agents for a Rapid Cleaning of Paper. ACS Appl Polym Mater 2020; 2:2791-2801. [PMID: 32685926 PMCID: PMC7359273 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.0c00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Microgel particles have emerged in the past few years as a favorite model system for fundamental science and for innovative applications ranging from the industrial to biomedical fields. Despite their potentialities, no works so far have focused on the application of microgels for cultural heritage preservation. Here we show their first use for this purpose, focusing on wet paper cleaning. Exploiting their retentive properties, microgels are able to clean paper, ensuring more controlled water release from the gel matrix, in analogy to their macroscopic counterpart, i.e., hydrogels. However, differently from these, the reduced size of microgels makes them suitable to efficiently penetrate in the porous structure of the paper and to easily adapt to the irregular surfaces of the artifacts. To test their cleaning abilities, we prepare microgels made of Gellan gum, a natural and widespread material already used as a hydrogel for paper cleaning, and apply them to modern and ancient paper samples. Combining several diagnostic methods, we show that microgels performances in the removal of cellulose degradation byproducts for ancient samples are superior to commonly employed hydrogels and water bath treatments. This is due to the composition and morphology of ancient paper, which facilitates microgels penetration. For modern paper cleaning, performances are at least comparable to the other methods. In all cases, the application of microgels takes place on a time scale of a few minutes, opening the way for widespread use as a rapid and efficient cleaning protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Di Napoli
- Institute
for Complex Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISC) and Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University
of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica I, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Franco
- Institute
for Complex Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISC) and Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Severini
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University
of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica I, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel Tumiati
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University
of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica I, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Buratti
- Institute
for Complex Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISC) and Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Titubante
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University
of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica I, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Nigro
- Institute
for Complex Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISC) and Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
- ENEA
C.R. Frascati, FSN-TECFIS-MNF
Photonics Micro and Nanostructures Laboratory, Via E. Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Roma, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Gnan
- Institute
for Complex Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISC) and Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University
of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica I, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Ruzicka
- Institute
for Complex Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISC) and Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Mazzuca
- Department
of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University
of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica I, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Angelini
- Institute
for Complex Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISC) and Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Missori
- Institute
for Complex Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISC) and Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Zaccarelli
- Institute
for Complex Systems, National Research Council (CNR-ISC) and Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Sbroscia M, Cestelli-Guidi M, Colao F, Falzone S, Gioia C, Gioia P, Marconi C, Mirabile Gattia D, Loreti E, Marinelli M, Missori M, Persia F, Pronti L, Romani M, Sodo A, Verona-Rinati G, Ricci M, Fantoni R. Multi-analytical non-destructive investigation of pictorial apparatuses of “Villa della Piscina” in Rome. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bagniuk J, Pawcenis D, Conte AM, Pulci O, Aksamit-Koperska M, Missori M, Łojewska J. How to estimate cellulose condition in insulation transformers papers? Combined chromatographic and spectroscopic study. Polym Degrad Stab 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2019.108951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Missori M, Pawcenis D, Bagniuk J, Mosca Conte A, Violante C, Maggio M, Peccianti M, Pulci O, Łojewska J. Quantitative diagnostics of ancient paper using THz time-domain spectroscopy. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Di Lascio A, Di Lazzaro P, Iacomussi P, Missori M, Murra D. Investigating the color of the blood stains on archaeological cloths: the case of the Shroud of Turin. Appl Opt 2018; 57:6626-6631. [PMID: 30129604 DOI: 10.1364/ao.57.006626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The unique reddish blood stains on the archaeological cloth known as the Shroud of Turin caught the attention of several scholars, who proposed different hypotheses to explain the unusual blood color. To date, just a few hypotheses have been tested experimentally, and the results are debatable. In this paper, we test the strength of two hypotheses (namely, the presence of carboxyhemoglobin and the long-term influence of ultraviolet light on high-bilirubin blood) by the spectral reflectance of the blood stained regions on the Shroud and by color analyses of ultraviolet irradiated high-bilirubin blood stains on linen. The relevance of these simple methods to the study of stained textiles is discussed.
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Corsaro C, Mallamace D, Vasi S, Pietronero L, Mallamace F, Missori M. The role of water in the degradation process of paper using 1H HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:33335-33343. [PMID: 27897293 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06601a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The thermodynamic properties of water are essential for determining the corresponding properties of every biosystem it interacts with. Indeed, the comprehension of hydration mechanisms is fundamental for the understanding and the control of paper degradation pathways induced by natural or artificial aging. In fact, the interactions between water and cellulose at the accessible sites within the fibres' complex structure are responsible for the rupture of hydrogen bonds and the consequent swelling of the cellulose fibres and consumption of the amorphous regions. In this paper we study the hydration process of cellulose in naturally and artificially aged paper samples by measuring the proton spin-lattice (T1) and spin-spin (T2) relaxation times of the macroscopic magnetization through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. The observed behaviour of T1 and T2 is quite complex and strictly dependent on the water content of paper samples. This has been interpreted as due to the occurrence of different mechanisms regulating the water-cellulose interaction within the fibres. Furthermore, we have measured T1 as a function of the artificial aging time comparing the results with those measured on three paper samples dated back to the 15th century. We found that the evolution of T1 in model papers artificially aged is correlated with that of ancient paper, providing therefore a way for estimating the degradation of cellulosic materials in terms of an equivalent time of artificial aging. These results provide fundamental information for industrial applications and for the preservation and restoration of cultural heritage materials based on cellulose such as ancient paper or textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Corsaro
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici del CNR di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy.
| | - Domenico Mallamace
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase - CSGI, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Vasi
- Dipartimento MIFT, Sezione di Fisica, Universitá di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Luciano Pietronero
- Dip. di Fisica, "Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Mallamace
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici del CNR di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy. and Dipartimento MIFT, Sezione di Fisica, Universitá di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy and Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mauro Missori
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, UOS Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
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Teodonio L, Missori M, Pawcenis D, Łojewska J, Valle F. Nanoscale analysis of degradation processes of cellulose fibers. Micron 2016; 91:75-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ferraro A, Zografopoulos DC, Missori M, Peccianti M, Caputo R, Beccherelli R. Flexible terahertz wire grid polarizer with high extinction ratio and low loss. Opt Lett 2016; 41:2009-2012. [PMID: 27128061 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.002009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An aluminum-based terahertz (THz) wire grid polarizer is theoretically investigated and experimentally demonstrated on a subwavelength thin flexible and conformal foil of the cyclo-olefin Zeonor polymer. THz time-domain spectroscopy characterization, performed on both flat and curved configurations, reveals a high extinction ratio between 40 and 45 dB in the 0.3-1 THz range and in excess of 30 dB up to 2.5 THz. The insertion losses are lower than 1 dB and are almost exclusively due to moderate Fabry-Perot reflections, which vanish at targeted frequencies. The polarizer can be easily fabricated with low-cost techniques such as roll-to-roll and/or large-area electronics processes and promises to open the way for a new class of flexible and conformal THz devices.
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Koperska M, Pawcenis D, Bagniuk J, Zaitz M, Missori M, Łojewski T, Łojewska J. Degradation markers of fibroin in silk through infrared spectroscopy. Polym Degrad Stab 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Massaro A, Spano F, Missori M, Malvindi MA, Cazzato P, Cingolani R, Athanassiou A. Flexible nanocomposites with all-optical tactile sensing capability. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45678a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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20
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Basta A, Missori M, Girgis AS, De Spirito M, Papi M, El-Saied H. Novel fluorescent security marker. Part II: application of novel 6-alkoxy-2-amino-3,5-pyridinedicarbonitrile nanoparticles in safety paper. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08388a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of newly synthesized fluorescent nanoparticles of 6-alkoxy-2-amino-3,5-pyridinedicarbonitriles as security markers for enhancing the safety property of bagasse-based paper sheets (as valuable documents) was studied.”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf Basta
- Cellulose and Paper Dept
- National Research Centre
- Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mauro Missori
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
- 00016 Monterotondo Scalo (Rome), Italy
| | - Adel S. Girgis
- Chem. Pesticide Dept
- National Research Centre
- Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Istituto di Fisica
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
- Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Papi
- Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
- Rome, Italy
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Corsaro C, Mallamace D, Łojewska J, Mallamace F, Pietronero L, Missori M. Molecular degradation of ancient documents revealed by 1H HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2896. [PMID: 24104201 PMCID: PMC3793219 DOI: 10.1038/srep02896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
For centuries mankind has stored its knowledge on paper, a remarkable biomaterial made of natural cellulose fibers. However, spontaneous cellulose degradation phenomena weaken and discolorate paper over time. The detailed knowledge of products arising from cellulose degradation is essential in understanding deterioration pathways and in improving durability of cultural heritage. In this study, for the first time, products of cellulose degradation were individually detected in solid paper samples by means of an extremely powerful proton HR-MAS NMR set-up, in combination to a wise use of both ancient and, as reference, artificially aged paper samples. Carboxylic acids, in addition to more complex dicarboxylic and hydroxy-carboxylic acids, were found in all samples studied. Since these products can catalyze further degradation, their knowledge is fundamental to improve conservation strategies of historical documents. Furthermore, the identification of compounds used in ancient production techniques, also suggests for artifacts dating, authentication and provenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Corsaro
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra and CNISM, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, I-98166, Messina, Italy
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Mosca Conte A, Pulci O, Knapik A, Bagniuk J, Del Sole R, Lojewska J, Missori M. Role of cellulose oxidation in the yellowing of ancient paper. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:158301. [PMID: 22587292 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.158301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The yellowing of paper on aging causes major aesthetic damages of cultural heritage. It is due to cellulose oxidation, a complex process with many possible products still to be clarified. By comparing ultraviolet-visible reflectance spectra of ancient and artificially aged modern papers with ab initio time-dependent density functional theory calculations, we identify and estimate the abundance of oxidized functional groups acting as chromophores and responsible of paper yellowing. This knowledge can be used to set up strategies and selective chemical treatments preventing paper yellowing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mosca Conte
- ETSF, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy
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Serini S, Donato V, Piccioni E, Trombino S, Monego G, Toesca A, Innocenti I, Missori M, De Spirito M, Celleno L, Fasano E, Ranelletti FO, Calviello G. Docosahexaenoic acid reverts resistance to UV-induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes: involvement of COX-2 and HuR. J Nutr Biochem 2010; 22:874-85. [PMID: 21185708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Revised: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The dramatic increase in the incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer over the last decades has been related to the augmented exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation (UVR). It is known that apoptosis is induced as a protective mechanism after the acute irradiation of keratinocytes, whereas apoptotic resistance and carcinogenesis may follow the chronic exposure to UVR. We found that not all the human keratinocytes lines studied underwent apoptosis following acute exposure to UVR (10-60 mJ/cm(2)). Whereas UVR induced apoptosis in the HaCaT cells, NCTC 2544 and nr-HaCaT cells showed apoptosis resistance. The cytokeratin pattern of the apoptosis-resistant cells indicated that they possessed a degree of differentiation lower than that of HaCaT cells. They also showed an enhanced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an early marker of carcinogenesis in various tissues, including skin. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have drawn increasing interest as nutritional factors with the potential to reduce UVR carcinogenesis, and since they are apoptosis inducers and COX-2 inhibitors in cancer cells, we investigated the ability of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to influence the resistance to UVR-induced apoptosis in keratinocytes. We observed that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) reverted the resistance of nr-HaCaT cells to UVR-induced apoptosis, increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 activity, and reduced COX-2 levels by inhibiting the expression of the human antigen R (HuR), a known COX-2 mRNA stabilizer in keratinocytes. The transfection of nr-HaCaT cells with HuR siRNA mimicked the proapoptotic effect of DHA. Overall, our findings further support the role of DHA as a suitable anticarcinogenic factor against nonmelanoma skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Serini
- Institute of General Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University, 1 - 00168 Rome, Italy
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Papi M, Maulucci G, De Spirito M, Missori M, Arcovito G, Lancellotti S, Di Stasio E, De Cristofaro R, Arcovito A. Ristocetin-induced self-aggregation of von Willebrand factor. Eur Biophys J 2010; 39:1597-603. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-010-0617-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Papi M, Maulucci G, Arcovito G, Missori M, Bellelli A, Bumis G, De Spirito M. Fibrin Gel Ultrastructure. Biophys J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Missori M, Papi M, Maulucci G, Arcovito G, Boumis G, Bellelli A, Amiconi G, De Spirito M. Cl- and F- anions regulate the architecture of protofibrils in fibrin gel. Eur Biophys J 2009; 39:1001-6. [PMID: 19517104 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-009-0492-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2009] [Revised: 05/05/2009] [Accepted: 05/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of serious morbidity and mortality in Western society. One of the therapeutic approaches is based on the use of thrombolitic drugs that promote clot lysis. Even if the mechanisms leading to clot lysis are not completely understood, it is widely accepted that they depend on the complex biochemical reactions that occur among fibrin fibers and fibrinolitic agents, and by their ready diffusion into the fibers. Here we investigate the effects of specific anions on the architecture of protofibrils within fibrin fibers in fibrin gels prepared in a para-physiological solution. The results obtained through small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) demonstrate that the characteristic axial and longitudinal repeat distances among protofibrils are strongly affected by the action of Cl(-) and F(-) anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Missori
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, Rome, Italy
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Papi M, Brunelli R, Sylla L, Parasassi T, Monaci M, Maulucci G, Missori M, Arcovito G, Ursini F, De Spirito M. Mechanical properties of zona pellucida hardening. Eur Biophys J 2009; 39:987-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-009-0468-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2009] [Revised: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 04/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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De Spirito M, Maulucci G, Papi M, Missori M, Arcovito G. On The Mechanisms Regulating Alpha-crystallin Activity. Biophys J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2008.12.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Raffaelli L, Iommetti PR, Piccioni E, Toesca A, Serini S, Resci F, Missori M, De Spirito M, Manicone PF, Calviello G. Growth, viability, adhesion potential, and fibronectin expression in fibroblasts cultured on zirconia or feldspatic ceramicsin vitro. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 86:959-68. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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De Spirito M, Missori M, Papi M, Maulucci G, Teixeira J, Castellano C, Arcovito G. Modifications in solvent clusters embedded along the fibers of a cellulose polymer network cause paper degradation. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2008; 77:041801. [PMID: 18517646 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.77.041801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Revised: 01/07/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Plants, algae, and their derivatives (paper, textiles, etc.) are complex systems that are chiefly composed of a web of cellulose fibers. The arrangement of solvents within the polymeric structure is of great importance since cellulose degradation is strongly influenced by water accessibility and external agents. In this paper we develop a model that is able to deconvolve the scattering contributions of both polymeric structures and solvent clusters trapped along the polymeric fibers. The surface morphology of cellulose fibers and the spatial distribution of water-filled pores and their dimensions have been recovered from small angle neutron scattering and atomic force microscopy data in function with paper degradation. In addition to providing a boost to the effort to preserve cellulose-supported material (included cultural heritage), the relevance of our model resides in the exploitation of a large number of biopolymer networks that are known to share structures similar to that of cellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco De Spirito
- Istituto di Fisica, Universitá Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Rome, Italy.
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Missori M, Mondelli C, De Spirito M, Castellano C, Bicchieri M, Schweins R, Arcovito G, Papi M, Castellano AC. Modifications of the mesoscopic structure of cellulose in paper degradation. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:238001. [PMID: 17280248 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.238001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Paper is the main component of a huge quantity of cultural heritage. It is primarily composed of cellulose that undergoes significant degradation with the passage of time. By using small angle neutron scattering (SANS), we investigated cellulose's supramolecular structure, which allows access to degradation agents, in ancient and modern samples. For the first time, SANS data were interpreted in terms of water-filled pores, with their sizes increasing from 1.61 nm up to 1.97 nm in natural and artificially aged papers. The protective effect of gelatine sizing was also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Missori
- Istituto Centrale per la Patologia del Libro, Ministero per i Beni e le Attivitá Culturali, via Milano 76, I-00184 Rome, Italy.
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Bianconi A, Saini NL, Rossetti T, Lanzara A, Perali A, Missori M, Oyanagi H, Yamaguchi H, Nishihara Y, Ha DH. Stripe structure in the CuO2 plane of perovskite superconductors. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1996; 54:12018-12021. [PMID: 9985057 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.12018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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34
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Bianconi A, Saini NL, Lanzara A, Missori M, Rossetti T, Oyanagi H, Yamaguchi H, Oka K, Ito T. Determination of the local lattice distortions in the CuO2 plane of La1.85Sr0.15CuO4. Phys Rev Lett 1996; 76:3412-3415. [PMID: 10060960 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.76.3412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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