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Mizoguchi K, Sato M, Saito R, Koshikuni M, Sakakibara M, Manabe R, Harada Y, Uchikawa T, Ansai S, Kamei Y, Naruse K, Fukamachi S. Behavioral photosensitivity of multi-color-blind medaka: enhanced response under ultraviolet light in the absence of short-wavelength-sensitive opsins. BMC Neurosci 2023; 24:67. [PMID: 38097940 PMCID: PMC10722765 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-023-00835-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The behavioral photosensitivity of animals could be quantified via the optomotor response (OMR), for example, and the luminous efficiency function (the range of visible light) should largely rely on the repertoire and expression of light-absorbing proteins in the retina, i.e., the opsins. In fact, the OMR under red light was suppressed in medaka lacking the red (long-wavelength sensitive [LWS]) opsin. RESULTS We investigated the ultraviolet (UV)- or blue-light sensitivity of medaka lacking the violet (short-wavelength sensitive 1 [SWS1]) and blue (SWS2) opsins. The sws1/sws2 double or sws1/sws2/lws triple mutants were as viable as the wild type. The remaining green (rhodopsin 2 [RH2]) or red opsins were not upregulated. Interestingly, the OMR of the double or triple mutants was equivalent or even increased under UV or blue light (λ = 350, 365, or 450 nm), which demonstrated that the rotating stripes (i.e., changes in luminance) could fully be recognized under UV light using RH2 alone. The OMR test using dichromatic stripes projected onto an RGB display consistently showed that the presence or absence of SWS1 and SWS2 did not affect the equiluminant conditions. CONCLUSIONS RH2 and LWS, but not SWS1 and SWS2, should predominantly contribute to the postreceptoral processes leading to the OMR or, possibly, to luminance detection in general, as the medium-wavelength-sensitive and LWS cones, but not the SWS cones, are responsible for luminance detection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyono Mizoguchi
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Japan Women's University, Mejirodai 2-8-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Mayu Sato
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Japan Women's University, Mejirodai 2-8-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Rina Saito
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Japan Women's University, Mejirodai 2-8-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Mayu Koshikuni
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Japan Women's University, Mejirodai 2-8-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Mana Sakakibara
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Japan Women's University, Mejirodai 2-8-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Ran Manabe
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Japan Women's University, Mejirodai 2-8-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Yumi Harada
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Japan Women's University, Mejirodai 2-8-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Tamaki Uchikawa
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Japan Women's University, Mejirodai 2-8-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ansai
- Laboratory of Bioresources, National Institute for Basic Biology, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
- Laboratory of Genome Editing Breeding, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kamei
- Spectrography and Bioimaging Facility, National Institute for Basic Biology, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Naruse
- Laboratory of Bioresources, National Institute for Basic Biology, Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Aichi, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Shoji Fukamachi
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Japan Women's University, Mejirodai 2-8-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan.
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