Aorto-Left Atrial Fistula as Sequela of Endocarditis

Aortoatrial fistula formation is a rare complication of bacterial endocarditis. Fistulous tracts may form between the aorta and either atrium. Clinical presentation varies from an insignificant murmur to refractory congestive heart failure. Most clinically relevant fistula manifests with acute and severe symptoms. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is more sensitive than transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in diagnosing intracardiac shunts, and invaluable in guiding intraoperative surgical repair. Definitive therapy involves closure of the fistula either through an open surgical approach or percutaneously with an occluder device.