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Shil PK, Majumder BK, Basak AK, Ahmed N, Kabir MM, Ferdousi J, Islam MS, Majumder M. Role of White Blood Cell Count, Immature to Total Ratio and C-Reactive Protein in Early Detection of Clinically Suspected Neonatal Sepsis. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:721-726. [PMID: 37391965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in neonatal care, early detection of neonatal sepsis still remains challenging. Positive blood culture is the gold standard for definitive diagnosis of neonatal sepsis but is time consuming and demands a well equipped laboratory setting. Therefore, it becomes imperative to evaluate usefulness of white blood cell count, Immature to total (IT) ratio and C-reactive protein as potential markers in the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. The objective of the study was to evaluate role of white blood cell count, IT ratio and C-reactive protein in early detection of clinically suspected neonatal sepsis. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2018 at Special Care Newborn Unit (SCANU) of Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh. After parental permission and ethical clearance, a total of 70 eligible neonates were included into the study. Estimation of total white blood cell count, IT ratio and C-reactive protein as well as blood culture were done for each case. Significance for Chi-Square test and Pearson's correlation coefficient test was predetermined as p<0.05. Of the total 70 neonates studied, 19(27.14%) were blood culture positive and most common organism was Escherichia coli (7/14, 37.0%). Among individual and combination tests, CRP was highly sensitive (100%) followed by WBC count (74.94%). Highly specific tests in diagnosing sepsis were combination test of IT ratio and CRP (88.23%) followed by combination test of WBC count and CRP (82.35%). Positive predictive value (PPV) was high for combination test of WBC count and CRP (90.90%) followed by combination test of IT ratio and CRP (90.47%). Negative predictive value (NPV) was high in CRP (100.0%) followed by WBC count (89.19%). IT ratio positively correlated with CRP (p=0.002) and there was significant association between raised CRP and WBC count (p=0.005) in neonatal sepsis. Diagnostic role of both individual and combination tests were significant in early detection of clinically suspected neonatal sepsis while awaiting results of blood culture. However, none of the combination tests were able to achieve 100.0% sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Shil
- Dr Prahlad Kumar Shil, Registrar (Pediatrics), Department of Pediatrics, Rangpur Medical College Hospital (RMCH), Rangpur, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Goel V, Chan B, Ziade M, Yunus M, Ali MT, Khan MAF, Alam MN, Faruque A, Babu S, Kabir MM, Delamater PL, Serre M, Sobsey MD, Islam MS, Emch M. Deep tubewell use is associated with increased household microbial contamination in rural Bangladesh: Results from a prospective cohort study among households in rural Bangladesh. Environ Pollut 2023; 324:121401. [PMID: 36889659 PMCID: PMC10108986 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Deep tubewells are important sources of arsenic mitigation in rural Bangladesh. Compared to commonly available shallow tubewells, deep tubewells tap into deeper low-arsenic aquifers and greatly reduce exposure to arsenic in drinking-water. However, benefits from these more distant and expensive sources may be compromised by higher levels of microbial contamination at point-of-use (POU). This paper examines differences in microbial contamination levels at source and POU among households using deep tubewells and shallow tubewells, and investigates factors associated with POU microbial contamination among deep tubewell users. We assessed a prospective longitudinal cohort of 500 rural households in Matlab, Bangladesh, across 135 villages. Concentration of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in water samples at source and POU using Compartment Bag Tests (CBTs) was measured across rainy and dry seasons. We employed linear mixed-effect regression models to measure the effect of different factors on log E. coli concentrations among deep tubewell users. CBT results show that log E. coli concentrations are similar at source and at POU during the first dry and rainy season, but are significantly higher at POU among deep tubewell users during the second dry season. Log E. coli at POU among deep tubewell users is positively associated with both presence (exponentiated beta exp(b) = 2.52, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.70, 3.73) and concentration of E. coli (exp(b) = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.19, 1.54) at source, and walking time to the tubewell source (exp(b) = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.15, 1.69). Drinking-water during the second dry season is associated with reduced log E. coli (exp(b) = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.23, 0.57) compared to the rainy season. These results suggest that while households that use deep tubewells have lower arsenic exposure, they may be at higher risk of consuming microbially contaminated water compared to households that use shallow tubewells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Goel
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
| | - Brianna Chan
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Mia Ziade
- Department of Statistics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Md Yunus
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Taslim Ali
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Al Fazal Khan
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nurul Alam
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Asg Faruque
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shahabuddin Babu
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Masnoon Kabir
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Paul L Delamater
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA; Department of Geography, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Marc Serre
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Mark D Sobsey
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - Md Sirajul Islam
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Michael Emch
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA; Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA; Department of Geography, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
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Rahman MM, Noman MAA, Hossain MW, Alam R, Akter S, Kabir MM, Uddin MJ, Amin MZ, Syfuddin HM, Akhter S, Karpiński TM. Curcuma longa L. Prevents the Loss of β-Tubulin in the Brain and Maintains Healthy Aging in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:1819-1835. [PMID: 35028900 PMCID: PMC8882102 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02701-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Loss of tubulin is associated with neurodegeneration and brain aging. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) has frequently been employed as a spice in curry and traditional medications in the Indian subcontinent to attain longevity and better cognitive performance. We aimed to evaluate the unelucidated mechanism of how turmeric protects the brain to be an anti-aging agent. D. melanogaster was cultured on a regular diet and turmeric-supplemented diet. β-tubulin level and physiological traits including survivability, locomotor activity, fertility, tolerance to oxidative stress, and eye health were analyzed. Turmeric showed a hormetic effect, and 0.5% turmeric was the optimal dose in preventing aging. β-tubulin protein level was decreased in the brain of D. melanogaster upon aging, while a 0.5% turmeric-supplemented diet predominantly prevented this aging-induced loss of β-tubulin and degeneration of physiological traits as well as improved β-tubulin synthesis in the brain of D. melanogaster early to mid-age. The higher concentration (≥ 1%) of turmeric-supplemented diet decreased the β-tubulin level and degenerated many of the physiological traits of D. melanogaster. The turmeric concentration-dependent increase and decrease of β-tubulin level were consistent with the increment and decrement data obtained from the evaluated physiological traits. This correlation demonstrated that turmeric targets β-tubulin and has both beneficial and detrimental effects that depend on the concentration of turmeric. The findings of this study concluded that an optimal dosage of turmeric could maintain a healthy neuron and thus healthy aging, by preventing the loss and increasing the level of β-tubulin in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mashiar Rahman
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdullah Al Noman
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md Walid Hossain
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Alam
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Selena Akter
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md Masnoon Kabir
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Jashim Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ziaul Amin
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - H M Syfuddin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Shahina Akhter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology Chittagong (USTC), Foy's Lake, Chittagong, 4202, Bangladesh.
| | - Tomasz M Karpiński
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712, Poznań, Poland.
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Nath NC, Rahman MA, Khan MR, Hasan MS, Bhuiyan TM, Hoque MN, Kabir MM, Raha AK, Jahan B. Serum hyaluronic acid as a predictor of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B and C virus infection. Mymensingh Med J 2011; 20:614-619. [PMID: 22081179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B and C virus infection can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Several studies investigated the diagnostic and prognostic value of some biochemical markers to detect the hepatic fibrosis and found a correlation between serum markers and hepatic fibrosis. Among them serum hyaluronic acid (HA) has been identified as a potential marker of fibrosis or cirrhosis in different studies. A prospective study in 60 subjects was conducted to evaluate the association between serum HA and hepatic fibrosis. Thirty consecutive patients with chronic HBV or HCV infection undergoing liver biopsy were studied. Sera were obtained for HA using enzyme linked protein binding assay. Patients with hepatic fibrosis had higher serum HA concentration compared with healthy subjects (236.65 ± 227.07 vs. 23.32 ± 14.22 respectively, p<0.001). Correlation was found between high serum HA concentration and increasing degree of hepatic fibrosis (R-0.322 and p<0.041). This study had shown a good correlation between serum HA and different stages of hepatic fibrosis. So serum HA may be used as a useful marker of hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Nath
- Department of Gastroenterology, SSMC & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Kabir MM, Shimizu K. Proteome analysis of a temperature-inducible recombinant Escherichia coli for poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate production. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 92:277-84. [PMID: 16233096 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.92.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2001] [Accepted: 06/29/2001] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A recombinant Escherichia coli strain harboring the lambdap(R)-p(L) promoter and heterologous poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) biosynthesis genes was shown to accumulate PHB when the incubation temperature was changed from 34 degrees C to temperatures higher than 37 degrees C. In the present research, total gene expression patterns of the recombinant E. coli before and after induction were investigated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Proteins encoded by serS, sucC, trpA, and alaS were found to be expressed before induction of phb genes at a culture temperature of 34 degrees C. On the other hand, proteins encoded by metG, rplI, and carA were found to be expressed after induction achieved by increasing the temperature to 40 degrees C. In the case of plasmid-free cells, all the selected genes have been shown to be expressed except metG, and ibpA and ibpB among the heat-shock proteins. The heat-shock proteins were found to be upregulated upon induction of phb genes, which may be due to the stress caused by the accumulation of PHB granules as well as by the temperature upshift. The changes in the expression of some of the metabolic pathway-related proteins before and after induction were interpreted in relation to the consumption of NADPH and acetyl-CoA for PHB synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Kabir
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Science, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8502, Japan
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Kabir MM, Faure D, Haurat J, Normand P, Jacoud C, Wadoux P, Bally R. Oligonucleotide probes based on 16S rRNA sequences for the identification of four Azospirillum species. Can J Microbiol 1995; 41:1081-7. [PMID: 8542552 DOI: 10.1139/m95-151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Partial sequences of the 16S rRNA molecules of nine strains belonging to four Azospirillum species were used to design species-specific oligonucleotide probes. Azospirillum strains sequences were analyzed and three homologous fragments containing 16 nucleotides were determined. These three probes were found to be characteristic of A. lipoferum (Al), A. irakense (Ai), and A. brasilense/amazonense species (Aba) and of few nontarget organisms. The specificity of these three probes was tested both against sequences in the GenBank data base and in numerous colony hybridization experiments. As a few non-target organisms hyridized with the different Azospirillum probes, the use of these probes in bulk soil hybridization is not permitted. However, their use together with specific isolation techniques is validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Kabir
- Laboratoire d'ecologie microbienne du sol, URA CNRS-1977, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
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