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Collier AB, Viswanadhapalli S, Gopalam R, Lee TK, Kassees K, Parra K, Sharma G, Reese TC, Liu X, Yang X, Ebrahimi B, Pratap UP, Mahajan M, Arnold WC, Baker A, Chen CY, Elmore ST, Subbarayalu P, Sareddy GR, Valente PT, Kost ER, Ahn JM, Vadlamudi RK. Novel LIPA-Targeted Therapy for Treating Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:500. [PMID: 38339252 PMCID: PMC10854701 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OCa) is the most lethal form of gynecologic cancer, and the tumor heterogeneities at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels fuel tumor resistance to standard therapies and pose a substantial clinical challenge. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the heightened basal endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) observed in OCa represents an exploitable vulnerability and may overcome tumor heterogeneity. Our recent studies identified LIPA as a novel target to induce ERS in cancer cells using the small molecule ERX-41. However, the role of LIPA and theutility of ERX-41 to treat OCa remain unknown. Expression analysis using the TNMplot web tool, TCGA data sets, and immunohistochemistry analysis using a tumor tissue array showed that LIPA is highly expressed in OCa tissues, compared to normal tissues. ERX-41 treatment significantly reduced the cell viability and colony formation ability and promoted the apoptosis of OCa cells. Mechanistic studies revealed a robust and consistent induction of ERS markers, including CHOP, elF2α, PERK, and ATF4, upon ERX-41 treatment. In xenograft and PDX studies, ERX-41 treatment resulted in a significant reduction in tumor growth. Collectively, our results suggest that ERX-41 is a novel therapeutic agent that targets the LIPA with a unique mechanism of ERS induction, which could be exploited to treat heterogeneity in OCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia B. Collier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.B.C.); (S.V.); (R.G.); (X.Y.); (B.E.); (U.P.P.); (M.M.); (W.C.A.); (A.B.); (G.R.S.); (P.T.V.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Suryavathi Viswanadhapalli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.B.C.); (S.V.); (R.G.); (X.Y.); (B.E.); (U.P.P.); (M.M.); (W.C.A.); (A.B.); (G.R.S.); (P.T.V.); (E.R.K.)
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Rahul Gopalam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.B.C.); (S.V.); (R.G.); (X.Y.); (B.E.); (U.P.P.); (M.M.); (W.C.A.); (A.B.); (G.R.S.); (P.T.V.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Tae-Kyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (T.-K.L.); (K.K.); (C.-Y.C.); (S.T.E.); (J.-M.A.)
| | - Kara Kassees
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (T.-K.L.); (K.K.); (C.-Y.C.); (S.T.E.); (J.-M.A.)
| | - Karla Parra
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (K.P.); (G.S.); (T.C.R.); (X.L.)
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (K.P.); (G.S.); (T.C.R.); (X.L.)
| | - Tanner C. Reese
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (K.P.); (G.S.); (T.C.R.); (X.L.)
| | - Xihui Liu
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (K.P.); (G.S.); (T.C.R.); (X.L.)
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.B.C.); (S.V.); (R.G.); (X.Y.); (B.E.); (U.P.P.); (M.M.); (W.C.A.); (A.B.); (G.R.S.); (P.T.V.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Behnam Ebrahimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.B.C.); (S.V.); (R.G.); (X.Y.); (B.E.); (U.P.P.); (M.M.); (W.C.A.); (A.B.); (G.R.S.); (P.T.V.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Uday P. Pratap
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.B.C.); (S.V.); (R.G.); (X.Y.); (B.E.); (U.P.P.); (M.M.); (W.C.A.); (A.B.); (G.R.S.); (P.T.V.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Megharani Mahajan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.B.C.); (S.V.); (R.G.); (X.Y.); (B.E.); (U.P.P.); (M.M.); (W.C.A.); (A.B.); (G.R.S.); (P.T.V.); (E.R.K.)
| | - William C. Arnold
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.B.C.); (S.V.); (R.G.); (X.Y.); (B.E.); (U.P.P.); (M.M.); (W.C.A.); (A.B.); (G.R.S.); (P.T.V.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Adriana Baker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.B.C.); (S.V.); (R.G.); (X.Y.); (B.E.); (U.P.P.); (M.M.); (W.C.A.); (A.B.); (G.R.S.); (P.T.V.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Chia-Yuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (T.-K.L.); (K.K.); (C.-Y.C.); (S.T.E.); (J.-M.A.)
| | - Scott Terry Elmore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (T.-K.L.); (K.K.); (C.-Y.C.); (S.T.E.); (J.-M.A.)
| | - Panneerdoss Subbarayalu
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Gangadhara R. Sareddy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.B.C.); (S.V.); (R.G.); (X.Y.); (B.E.); (U.P.P.); (M.M.); (W.C.A.); (A.B.); (G.R.S.); (P.T.V.); (E.R.K.)
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Philip T. Valente
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.B.C.); (S.V.); (R.G.); (X.Y.); (B.E.); (U.P.P.); (M.M.); (W.C.A.); (A.B.); (G.R.S.); (P.T.V.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Edward R. Kost
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.B.C.); (S.V.); (R.G.); (X.Y.); (B.E.); (U.P.P.); (M.M.); (W.C.A.); (A.B.); (G.R.S.); (P.T.V.); (E.R.K.)
| | - Jung-Mo Ahn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (T.-K.L.); (K.K.); (C.-Y.C.); (S.T.E.); (J.-M.A.)
| | - Ratna K. Vadlamudi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (A.B.C.); (S.V.); (R.G.); (X.Y.); (B.E.); (U.P.P.); (M.M.); (W.C.A.); (A.B.); (G.R.S.); (P.T.V.); (E.R.K.)
- Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Audie L. Murphy Division, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Mahajan M, Sitasawad S. miR-140-5p Attenuates Hypoxia-Induced Breast Cancer Progression by Targeting Nrf2/HO-1 Axis in a Keap1-Independent Mechanism. Cells 2021; 11:12. [PMID: 35011574 PMCID: PMC8750786 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia and oxidative stress significantly contribute to breast cancer (BC) progression. Although hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (Hif-1α) is considered a key effector of the cellular response to hypoxia, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a master antioxidant transcription factor, is a crucial factor essential for Hif-1α-mediated hypoxic responses. Hence, targeting Nrf2 could provide new treatment strategies for cancer therapy. miRNAs are potential regulators of hypoxia-responsive genes. In a quest to identify novel hypoxia-regulated miRNAs involved in the regulation of Nrf2, we found that miR-140-5p significantly affects the expression of Nrf2 under hypoxia. In our study, miR-140-5p expression is downregulated in BC cells under hypoxic conditions. We have identified Nrf2 as a direct target of miR-140-5p, as confirmed by the luciferase assay. Knockdown of miR-140-5p under normoxic conditions significantly enhanced Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and tumor growth, angiogenesis, migration, and invasion in BC. In contrast, overexpression of miR-140-5p under hypoxic conditions revealed opposite results. Further silencing Nrf2 expression mimicked the miR-140-5p-induced anti-tumor effects. Consistent with the knockdown of miR-140-5p in vitro, mice injected with miR-140-5p-KD cells exhibited dramatically reduced miR-140-5p levels, increased Nrf2 levels, and increased tumor growth. In contrast, tumor growth is potently suppressed in mice injected with miR-140-5p-OE cells. Collectively, the above results demonstrate the importance of the Nrf2/HO-1 axis in cancer progression and, thus, targeting Nrf2 by miR-140-5p could be a better strategy for the treatment of Nrf2-driven breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandhya Sitasawad
- Redox Biology Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune 411007, India; or
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Kamble D, Mahajan M, Dhat R, Sitasawad S. Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway Regulates ALDH and Contributes to Radioresistance in Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Cells 2021; 10:E83. [PMID: 33419140 PMCID: PMC7825579 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor recurrence after radiotherapy due to the presence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) is a clinical challenge, and the mechanism remains unclear. Low levels of ROS and enhanced antioxidant defenses are shown to contribute to increasing radioresistance. However, the role of Nrf2-Keap1-Bach1 signaling in the radioresistance of BCSCs remains elusive. Fractionated radiation increased the percentage of the ALDH-expressing subpopulation and their sphere formation ability, promoted mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition and enhanced radioresistance in BCSCs. Radiation activated Nrf2 via Keap1 silencing and enhanced the tumor-initiating capability of BCSCs. Furthermore, knockdown of Nrf2 suppressed ALDH+ population and stem cell markers, reduced radioresistance by decreasing clonogenicity and blocked the tumorigenic ability in immunocompromised mice. An underlying mechanism of Keap1 silencing could be via miR200a, as we observed a significant increase in its expression, and the promoter methylation of Keap1 or GSK-3β did not change. Our data demonstrate that ALDH+ BCSC population contributes to breast tumor radioresistance via the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway, and targeting this cell population with miR200a could be beneficial but warrants detailed studies. Our results support the notion that Nrf2-Keap1 signaling controls mesenchymal-epithelial plasticity, regulates tumor-initiating ability and promotes the radioresistance of BCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sandhya Sitasawad
- Redox Biology Lab, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune 411007, India; (D.K.); (M.M.); (R.D.)
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kapoor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - R Upreti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - M Mahajan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Tiwari M, Rawat N, Vats P, Nagoorvali D, Mahajan M, Chauhan MS, Manik RS, Singla SK, Palta P, Singh MK. 89 METHYLATION STATUS OF IGF2/H19 DMR3 REGION AFFECTS IN VITRO BLASTOCYST PRODUCTION IN GOAT (CAPRA HIRCUS). Reprod Fertil Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv29n1ab89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parthenogenesis has been observed in lower animals but no known instance has been reported in mammals because both maternal and paternal genomes are a fundamental prerequisite for embryogenesis. A major reason for developmental failure of uniparental zygotes is expression of certain genes in a parent-of-origin-specific manner, i.e. genomic imprinting of genes. Out of many imprinted genes identified so far, IGF2/H19 have been extensively studied and known to play an important role in fetal and placental development. Gene IGF2 is expressed by the paternal allele, H19 is transcribed from the maternal allele, and the reciprocal expression of both genes is regulated by the DMR3 region placed upstream of the H19 gene. In the present study we compared the methylation status of IGF2/H19 DMR in parthenogenetic activated (PA) and IVF goat (Capra hircus) blastocyst through bisulphite sequencing. For this, immature oocytes of usable quality were subjected to in vitro maturation and subsequently used for embryo production through parthenogenesis (n = 993) (by calcium ionophore and 6-DMAP activation) and IVF (n = 1096). It was found that embryo production rate at all the embryonic stages (2-cell, 4-cell, 8–16-cell, morula, and blastocyst) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in parthenogenesis (74.66 ± 3.35%, 61.90 ± 2.73%, 47.83 ± 2.95%, 38.13 ± 5.28%, and 21.11 ± 2.51%, respectively) as compared with IVF (55.21 ± 2.02%, 38.12 ± 2.48%, 28.53 ± 1.67%, 21.57 ± 1.59%, and 8.23 ± 1.02%, respectively). When blastocysts (n = 6 each) were subjected to TUNEL, it was found that PA blastocyst showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) total cell number (217.83 ± 18.80 v. 159.67 ± 13.94) and significantly low (P < 0.05) apoptotic index (2.04 ± 0.25 v. 4.03 ± 0.29) as compared with IVF blastocysts. For the methylation pattern study, we analysed 17 CpG sites on the DMR3 region of the IGF2/H19 gene. Variable methylation pattern was observed within these CpG sites in different clones (n = 15) of PA and IVF blastocyst. The DMR3 region of the IGF2/H19 gene was significantly hypermethylated (P < 0.05) in PA blastocysts as compared with IVF blastocysts (80.39 ± 2.96, 32.55 ± 4.37, respectively), which suggests higher expression of IGF2 in parthenotes. The result suggests IGF2 might play different roles in different species; the same expression pattern of IGF2 is observed in ovine, but a contrary result is found in porcine species. Our results signify the hypermethylation of IGF2/H19 DMR3, which leads to higher expression of IGF2 to support embryonic development at the blastocyst stage.
This work was supported by the NFBSFARA Project on Parthenogenetic Goat (CA-4002), New Delhi, India.
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Mahajan M, Nagoorvali D, Rawat N, Chauhan MS, Manik RS, Singla SK, Palta P, Singh MK. 90 OVIDUCTAL EPITHELIAL CELLS Co-CULTURE PROMOTES GOAT (CAPRA HIRCUS) IN VITRO PARTHENOGENETIC EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv29n1ab90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-culture of pre-implantation embryos with oviducal epithelial cells mimics the in vivo conditions, thus, playing a crucial role in embryo metabolism and gene expression and finally supporting embryonic developmental competence in several ways. Hence, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of goat oviducal epithelial cells (GOEC) co-culture on goat parthenogenetic embryonic development, quality, and relative mRNA abundance of genes related to developmental competence and oxidative stress. The GOEC were obtained from goat oviducts by squeezing and thorough washing with TCM-199 + 10% fetal bovine serum. Goat cumulus–oocyte complexes were collected from slaughterhouse ovaries and matured in TCM-199 + 10% fetal bovine serum supplemented with 5 μg mL−1 of FSH, 10 μg mL−1 of LH, and 1 μg mL−1 of β-oestradiol for 27 h in CO2 incubator with 5% CO2 and at 38.5°C with >95% RH. In vitro matured cumulus–oocyte complexes were denuded and activated with 5 μM calcium ionophore and 2 mM 6-DMAP. Following activation, embryos were co-cultured with and without GOEC (control) in mCR2aa media. The blastocyst development rate was significantly (P < 0.05) higher (23.00 ± 1.15% v. 17.33 ± 1.45%) in the media cultured with GOEC than in control. The total cell number of blastocysts (n = 4) was also found to be significantly more (167.25 ± 17.51 v. 110.25 ± 12.02) than that of control (P < 0.05). However, the apoptotic index (3.76 ± 0.23% v. 7.97 ± 1.99%) was not significantly different in both groups. Further, RNA was isolated from both groups (20 each) of blastocysts on Day 8, and cDNA was prepared. Analysis by qPCR revealed that the relative mRNA abundance of development related genes, i.e. VEGF, BMP4, and CCNB1, showed significantly high (P < 0.05) expression, whereas the expression of CRABP1 was significantly low (P < 0.05) in GOEC co-culture than control. Oxidative stress related genes GPX-1 and SOD2 had comparable expression in both the culture systems, whereas a nonsignificant (P < 0.05) increase in expression of PRDX1 was observed in GOEC co-culture group. In conclusion, co-culture of embryos with GOEC in the simple culture media like mCR2aa helps in improving developmental competence and quality of parthenogenetic embryos.
This work was supported by the NFBSFARA Project on Parthenogenetic Goat (CA-4002), New Delhi, India.
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Rehmani K, Raju K, Patnaik S, Naik V, Rajagopalan R, Pawar S, Mahajan M, Rayani B, Murthy S, Rao T. S. 125. Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy (MIE) – adequacy and short term perioperative outcomes – our experience. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2014.08.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Panda AK, Mahajan M. Unusual cause of asymptomatic neck swelling. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2014; 4:S67. [PMID: 25031917 PMCID: PMC4083713 DOI: 10.4103/2141-9248.131729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Mahajan M, Joshi R, Gulati A, Yadav SK. Increase in flavan-3-ols by silencing flavonol synthase mRNA affects the transcript expression and activity levels of antioxidant enzymes in tobacco. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2012; 14:725-33. [PMID: 22324650 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2011.00550.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are plant secondary metabolites widespread throughout the plant kingdom involved in many physiological and biochemical functions. Amongst the flavonoids, flavan-3-ols (catechin and epicatechin) are known for their direct free radical scavenging activity in vitro, but studies on their antioxidant potential and interaction with antioxidant enzymes in vivo are lacking. Here, the flavonoid pathway was engineered by silencing a gene encoding flavonol synthase (FLS) in tobacco to direct the flow of metabolites towards production of flavan-3-ols. FLS silencing reduced flavonol content 17-53%, while it increased catechin and epicatechin content 51-93% and 18-27%, respectively. The silenced lines showed a significant increase in expression of genes for dihydroflavonol reductase and anthocyanidin synthase, a downstream gene towards epicatechin production, with no significant change in expression of other genes of the flavonoid pathway. Effects of accumulation of flavan-3-ols in FLS silenced lines on transcript level and activities of antioxidant enzymes were studied. Transcripts of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbate peroxidase (APx), and catalase (CAT) increased, while glutathione-S-transferase (GST), decreased in FLS silenced lines. Enhanced activity of all the antioxidant enzymes was observed in silenced tobacco lines. To validate the affect of flavan-3-ols on the antioxidant system, in vitro experiments were conducted with tobacco seedlings exposed to two concentrations of catechin (10 and 50 μm) for 2 days. In vitro exposed seedlings produced similar levels of transcripts and activity of antioxidant enzymes as FLS silenced seedlings. Results suggest that flavan-3-ols (catechin) might be increasing activity of GR, Apx and CAT by elevating their mRNAs levels. Since these enzymes are involved in scavenging of reactive oxygen species, this strategy would help in tailoring crops for enhanced catechin production as well as making them tolerant to oxidative stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahajan
- Plant Metabolic Engineering Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palampur, India
| | - R Joshi
- Plant Metabolic Engineering Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palampur, India
| | - A Gulati
- Plant Metabolic Engineering Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palampur, India
| | - S K Yadav
- Plant Metabolic Engineering Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Palampur, India
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Sharma R, Mahajan M, Singh B, Singh G, Singh P. Role of the APOB Gene Polymorphism (c.12669G>A, p. Gln4154Lys) in Coronary Artery Disease in the Indian Punjabi Population. Balkan J Med Genet 2011; 14:35-40. [PMID: 24052710 PMCID: PMC3776703 DOI: 10.2478/v10034-011-0045-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High concentration of apolipoprotein B (apoB) is a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). The association of the APOB gene polymorphism c.12669G>A, p.Gln4154Lys with the risk of CAD varies considerably in different populations. The present study represents the first investigation regarding the role of this APOB gene polymorphism with CAD in the Indian Punjabi population. We have studied the APOB gene polymorphism c.12669G>A, p.Gln4154Lys and its relationship with lipid, apoB, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) heterogeneity and oxidation in subjects suffering from CAD. The study was conducted on 87 patients with CAD; 75 healthy subjects served as controls. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine the DNA polymorphism in the APOB gene. Frequency of R- (mutant) allele was significantly high (p <0.05) in CAD patients when compared to controls. Variations in serum lipid levels in the R+R+ and R+R- APOB genotypes were insignificant (p >0.05). However, serum apoB levels were significantly raised (p <0.05) in CAD patients with the R+R- genotype as compared to those with the R+R+ APOB genotype. Coronary artery disease patients had raised significantly raised (p <0.01) Log triglyceride/high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, apoB carbonyl content and increased malondialdehyde-low density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL levels, irrespective of APOB genotype as compared to controls. Carriers of the R- allele are at higher risk of CAD, probably because of elevated serum apoB levels in the Indian Punjabi population. Overall, it may be concluded that the R- allele might be associated with increased susceptibility towards CAD development in the Indian Punjabi population, and one of the linking factor is the elevation in serum apoB levels. However, this association needs further evaluation in a larger population. Secondly, the robust mechanism behind the positive association of the R- allele with raised serum apoB levels needs to be explored, which might be helpful in the strengthening the observed results.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - M Mahajan
- Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Amritsar, India
| | - B Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - G Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - P Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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Alam M, Mahajan M, Raziuddin M, Singh TP, Yadav S. Proteomics-based approach for identification and purification of human phosphate binding apolipoprotein from amniotic fluid. Genet Mol Res 2009; 8:929-37. [PMID: 19731215 DOI: 10.4238/vol8-3gmr620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Human amniotic fluid is of both maternal and fetal origin; it protects the fetus and provides the environment for growth and development of the fetus. We used a proteomics-based approach for targeting and purifying human phosphate binding protein, a member of the DING family of proteins from amniotic fluid, using Blue Sepharose CL-6B, DEAE-Sephacel and gel filtration chromatography. The protein had earlier been reported to be serendipitously purified along with PON1 (paraoxonase 1). It was identified using electro-spray-ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and was found to be human phosphate binding protein. Human phosphate binding proteins have been reported to play a role as phosphate scavengers and may have a protective function against phosphate-related disorders, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes and kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alam
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Gautam V, Ray P, Vandamme P, Chatterjee SS, Das A, Sharma K, Rana S, Garg RK, Madhup SK, Mahajan M, Sharma M. IDENTIFICATION OF LYSINE POSITIVE NON-FERMENTING GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI (STENOTROPHOMONAS MALTOPHILIA AND BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA COMPLEX). Indian J Med Microbiol 2009; 27:128-33. [DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.49425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Lee JM, Carson R, Arce C, Mahajan M, Lobst S. Development of a minimally invasive epidermal abrasion device for clinical skin sampling and its applications in molecular biology. Int J Cosmet Sci 2009; 31:27-39. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2008.00486.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Mahajan M, Kumar V, Anand A. SeO 2-Mediated Oxidation of 1,3-Diazabuta-1,3-dienes: A Single-Pot Synthesis of Functionalized 4-Hydroxyimidazoles. Synlett 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-949631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Li Deng, Kuansan Wang, Acero A, Hsiao-Wuen Hon, Droppo J, Boulis C, Ye-Yi Wang, Jacoby D, Mahajan M, Chelba C, Huang X. Distributed speech processing in miPad's multimodal user interface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1109/tsa.2002.804538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Pillai S, Mahajan M, Carlomusto M. Ceramide potentiates, but sphingomyelin inhibits, vitamin D-induced keratinocyte differentiation: comparison between keratinocytes and HL-60 cells. Arch Dermatol Res 1999; 291:284-9. [PMID: 10367711 DOI: 10.1007/s004030050409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes and leukemia HL-60 cells induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] has been reported to be mediated, at least in part, by increases in cellular ceramide levels. Ceramides produced by 1,25(OH)2D-induced sphingomyelin (SM) hydrolysis also contribute to the permeability barrier lipids in keratinocytes. Exogenously supplied SM is taken up by mammalian cells, including keratinocytes, and is incorporated into cellular pools. However, the effects of exogenously added SM on keratinocyte differentiation have not been studied. Therefore, in this study, we compared exogenously added SM with a cell-permeable ceramide for their ability to stimulate keratinocyte differentiation induced by 1,25(OH)2D. Both short-chain ceramide (C2-cer) and SM stimulated the differentiation and inhibited the proliferation of HL-60 cells. As expected, this effect was potentiated by 1,25(OH)2D. However, SM inhibited the differentiation and stimulated the proliferation of keratinocytes. While C2-cer potentiated the effects of 1,25(OH)2D, SM reversed the effects of 1,25(OH)2D on keratinocytes. The ratio of SM to ceramide was significantly different between keratinocytes and HL-60 cells. While the SM level of HL-60 cells were twice that of keratinocytes, keratinocytes contained ten times more ceramides than HL-60 cells, resulting in a ceramide/SM ratio 17 times higher in keratinocytes. Thus, we identified similarities and significant differences in the sphingolipid-mediated cell signaling pathway between keratinocytes and HL-60 cells. While SM stimulated HL-60 cell differentiation, presumably by incorporation into SMase-accessible membrane pools, it inhibited keratinocyte differentiation. In keratinocytes, SM was possibly incorporated into a different cellular pool (barrier lipid pool) or altered membrane phospholipid metabolism and membrane fluidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pillai
- Unilever Research, Edgewater, New Jersey 07020, USA.
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Mahajan M, Rohtagi D. Microbiological assay versus spectrophotometry for determination of rifampicin in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. J Commun Dis 1998; 30:293-4. [PMID: 10810573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Mahajan
- Department of Microbiology and Pharmacology, UCMS and GTB Hospital, Delhi
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Thirunavukkarasu K, Mahajan M, McLarren KW, Stifani S, Karsenty G. Two domains unique to osteoblast-specific transcription factor Osf2/Cbfa1 contribute to its transactivation function and its inability to heterodimerize with Cbfbeta. Mol Cell Biol 1998; 18:4197-208. [PMID: 9632804 PMCID: PMC109004 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.18.7.4197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/1998] [Accepted: 04/27/1998] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osf2/Cbfa1, hereafter called Osf2, is a member of the Runt-related family of transcription factors that plays a critical role during osteoblast differentiation. Like all Runt-related proteins, it contains a runt domain, which is the DNA-binding domain, and a C-terminal proline-serine-threonine-rich (PST) domain thought to be the transcription activation domain. Additionally, Osf2 has two amino-terminal domains distinct from any other Runt-related protein. To understand the mechanisms of osteoblast gene regulation by Osf2, we performed an extensive structure-function analysis. After defining a short Myc-related nuclear localization signal, a deletion analysis revealed the existence of three transcription activation domains and one repression domain. AD1 (for activation domain 1) comprises the first 19 amino acids of the molecule, which form the first domain unique to Osf2, AD2 is formed by the glutamine-alanine (QA) domain, the second domain unique to Osf2, and AD3 is located in the N-terminal half of the PST domain and also contains sequences unique to Osf2. The transcription repression domain comprises the C-terminal 154 amino acids of Osf2. DNA-binding, domain-swapping, and protein interaction experiments demonstrated that full-length Osf2 does not interact with Cbfbeta, a known partner of Runt-related proteins, whereas a deletion mutant of Osf2 containing only the runt and PST domains does. The QA domain appears to be responsible for preventing this heterodimerization. Thus, our results uncover the unique functional organization of Osf2 by identifying functional domains not shared with other Runt-related proteins that largely control its transactivation and heterodimerization abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Thirunavukkarasu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Abstract
The concentration of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in hair and urine were studied in young nonpregnant healthy women whose both parents were diagnosed for noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM descendants) and were compared with those of young healthy nonpregnant females with no family history of NIDDM or hypertension (non-NIDDM descendants) and NIDDM patients. The concentration of Zn in hair in NIDDM descendants was significantly higher than that of non-NIDDM descendants (p < 0.001) and insignificantly higher than that of NIDDM patients. The hair Cu concentrations in NIDDM descendant and patients were significantly lower than that of non-NIDDM descendants (p < 0.001). Hyperzincuria was detected in some NIDDM patients and hypocuperuria in all NIDDM descendants and patients. The data suggest that the young healthy NIDDM descendants possess high-Zn and low-Cu reserves in their bodies, and the observed perturbation appears to be associated with Cu-Zn antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Taneja
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Kakar A, Sethi PK, Agarwal CS, Bhalla S, Mahajan M. Leptomeningeal and brain metastasis in a young patient of signet ring cell carcinoma of stomach. J Assoc Physicians India 1998; 46:320-1. [PMID: 11273359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Kakar
- Department of Medicine, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi
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Ray K, Mahajan M, Misra RS. Sero surveillance of HIV infection in high risk groups and in suspected AIDS cases in a New Delhi hospital. J Commun Dis 1997; 29:275-82. [PMID: 9465534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A total of 17,824 sera were screened for the presence of HIV 1 + 2 antibodies by Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA) to determine (i) seroprevalence of HIV infection in hospital high risk groups (ii) time trend of HIV seroprevalence in STD clinic attendees (both STD patients and non STD patients), over a period of six years, (iii) relationship of the STD's with HIV seropositivity (iv) clinical profile and epidemiological characteristics of the AIDS cases. A progressive increase in the HIV seropositive STD patients showing a five fold rise over six years was seen. Most gave history of multipartner sex especially with female CSW's. The most common STD associated with HIV seropositivity was Syphilis followed by Chancroid and Gonorrhoea. All had HIV-1 infection. The AIDS cases (20) presented mainly with tuberculosis, both pulmonary and extrapulmonary. The mode of infection, both in the HIV seropositive and AIDS cases, was mainly heterosexual relationship followed by blood transfusion. In a few cases, infection was perinatally transmitted. In the limited number of HIV positive contacts studied, seven were confirmed as Western Blot positive. HIV infection, although a later introduction in Delhi compared to the coastal cities, has shown a clear increasing trend in the STD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ray
- Regional STD Teaching Training and Research Centre, Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi
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Mahajan M, Rohatgi D, Talwar V, Patni SK, Mahajan P, Agarwal DS. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of rifampicin at two dose levels in children with tuberculous meningitis. J Commun Dis 1997; 29:269-74. [PMID: 9465533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Twenty patients of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in age group of 6 months to 10 years included in the study were divided into two groups of 10 patients each. Rifampicin was administered in dosage of 10 mg and 7.5 mg/kg bw to each patient of groups I and II respectively. Drug concentrations in serum and CSF of these patients were measured by a microbiological tube dilution method using a strain of Sarcina lutea. In group I mean serum and CSF concentration was 3.84 micrograms/ml and 0.178 microgram/ml respectively, while in group II it was 2.16 micrograms/ml and 0.206 microgram/ml respectively. These concentrations were many times higher than the MIC against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mean percentage penetration of rifampicin in CSF was 5 and 10% in group I and II respectively. We recommend similar studies in large number of children before advocating the therapy with low dose of rifampicin in TBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahajan
- Department of Microbiology and Pharmacology U.C.M.S. & G.T.B. Hospital, Delhi
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Ray K, Mahajan M. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus antibodies in patients attending STD and antenatal clinics. J Commun Dis 1997; 29:85-90. [PMID: 9282506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sera from 368 patients attending sexually transmitted disease (STD) and antenatal clinics were screened for cytomegalovirus (CMV) specific IgG and IgM by indirect ELISA. IgG was detected in 94% of patients tested. CMV IgM seropositivity was found in 8.5% of normal pregnant females and in none of the normal asymptomatic males. CMV-IgM was detected in higher number of patients with STD than in those without STD. There was slightly higher association of CMV IgM antibodies mainly with syphilis in males and chlamydial endocervicitis in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ray
- Regional STD Reference Laboratory, Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi
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Mahajan M, Singh NP, Gadre DJ, Talwar V, Gupta HC, Agarwal DS. Detection of IgM antibodies in pulmonary tuberculosis by ELISA using A60 antigen. J Commun Dis 1996; 28:176-80. [PMID: 8973017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
An enzyme immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was evaluated as a serodiagnostic test in patients with active tuberculosis (Group I), clinically suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (Group II) and pulmonary diseases other than tuberculosis and normal healthy subjects (Group III). and compared with culture and sputum smear examination results. ELISA was found to have a sensitivity of 77.5% and a specificity of 87.5%. Sputum smear had a sensitivity of 65% and specificity of 100%. In patients clinically suspected to have pulmonary tuberculosis ELISA had a sensitivity of 60%. Thus ELISA using A60 antigen can facilitate the diagnosis of tuberculosis in patients with active as well as suspected pulmonary tuberculosis and can provide results within hours of receipt of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahajan
- Department of Microbiology University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi
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Gupta P, Talwar V, Faridi MM, Mathur M, Mahajan M. Neonatal polyarthritis caused by Salmonella bareilly. Indian Pediatr 1996; 33:341-2. [PMID: 8772916 DOI: pmid/8772916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Pillai S, Cho S, Mahajan M, Frew L, Rawlings AV. Synergy between vitamin D precursor 25-hydroxyvitamin D and short chain ceramides on keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 1996; 1:39-43. [PMID: 9627690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D), and its analogs induce normal human keratinocyte differentiation and are used for the treatment of psoriasis. Long-term topical use of 1,25D, however, causes hypercalcemia. The precursor of 1,25D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25D) is converted to 1,25D in the keratinocyte in a regulated manner. The action of 1,25D is reported to be mediated, at least in part, by cellular ceramides in the leukemia cell line, HL-60 cells. Therefore, in this study we evaluated the synergy between 25D and short chain cell permeable ceramides (SCC) or synthetic analogs of ceramides on keratinocyte growth and differentiation in vitro. C2 ceramide (acetyl sphingosine) synergistically enhanced the growth inhibitory effect of 25D and 1,25D in a concentration-dependent manner. Short chain analogs of ceramide-like compounds, neoceramides and pseudoceramides, also inhibited keratinocyte proliferation and acted in synergy with 25D and 1,25D. SCC alone increased transglutaminase and cornified envelope levels. 25D potentiated this prodifferentiating effect of SCC. Twenty-four-hour preincubation with SCC did not alter 25D or 1,25D uptake into keratinocytes. These studies demonstrate a synergy between vitamin D metabolites and ceramides in human keratinocytes and indicate the potential of using 25D as an effective and safer alternative to deliver 1,25D benefits to the epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pillai
- Unilever Research, Edgewater, NJ 07020, USA
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Mahajan M, Agarwal DS, Gadre DJ, Singh NP, Gupta HC, Talwar V. Initial and acquired drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in east Delhi. J Commun Dis 1996; 28:15-9. [PMID: 8778175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
One hundred and fifty six strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, isolated from cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were subjected to sensitivity test to detect initial and acquired drug resistance to Streptomycin, isoniazid, Rifampicin, Ethambutol and Pyrazinamide. Initial and acquired drug resistance was observed to one or more drugs in 16% and 24.4% of the patients respectively. Strains resistant to Rifampicin and Ethambutol were resistant to Isoniazid also. Drug resistance was unrelated to age and sex of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahajan
- Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
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Abstract
The body weight or body weight/height ratio exhibits a positive linear correlation to hair zinc (Zn) concentration which is more strongly positive in men than in women. The obese of both sexes possess higher Zn concentrations in their hair than those with normal body weight/height. The degree of obesity increases with the increase in the hair Zn concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Taneja
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Walia M, Mahajan M, Singh K. Serum adenosine deaminase, 5'-nucleotidase & alkaline phosphatase in breast cancer patients. Indian J Med Res 1995; 101:247-9. [PMID: 7672835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum levels of adenosine deaminase (ADA), 5-nucleotidase (5'-NT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were studied in 25 patients of carcinoma breast and 25 normal subjects. Adenosine deaminase was found to be the better probable parameter for the detection of cancer and to assess the development of various stages of cancer whereas 5'-nucleotidase had only diagnostic significance. Serum alkaline phosphatase levels were important for assessing the spread of cancer at secondary sites. After mastectomy a significant decrease was found in the levels of serum ADA and 5'-NT whereas no variations were found in case of serum ALP.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Walia
- Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Amritsar
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Abstract
The cases of two asthmatic patients who became hypokalemic after inhalation of normal doses of albuterol are presented. One patient was symptomatic and the other had only electrocardiographic changes. Both were treated successfully with oral potassium. Albuterol-induced hypokalemia and its potential cardiac toxicity are discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Udezue
- Saudi Aramco-Abqaiq Health Center, Saudi Aramco Medical Services Organization, Abqaiq
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Mahajan M, Mathur M, Talwar V. Cryptosporidiosis in east Delhi children. J Commun Dis 1992; 24:133-7. [PMID: 1344942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
A total of 350 stool samples from children below 3 yrs. of age with diarrhoea (Group I), matched controls (Group II) and persons between age group 4-30 years with diarrhoea (Group III) were examined for cryptosporidium oocysts. Cryptosporidium was detected only in children with diarrhoea. Infection was predominant in males so this study suggests that cryptosporidium is a cause of diarrhoea in children and the necessity of routine laboratory investigation for diagnosis of the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mahajan
- Department of Microbiology, U.C.M.S. and G.T.B. Hospital, Delhi
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