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Kwak SY, Giraldo JP, Lew TTS, Wong MH, Liu P, Yang YJ, Koman VB, McGee MK, Olsen BD, Strano MS. Polymethacrylamide and Carbon Composites that Grow, Strengthen, and Self-Repair using Ambient Carbon Dioxide Fixation. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1804037. [PMID: 30368934 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plants accumulate solid carbon mass and self-repair using atmospheric CO2 fixation from photosynthesis. Synthetic materials capable of mimicking this property can significantly reduce the energy needed to transport and repair construction materials. Here, a gel matrix containing aminopropyl methacrylamide (APMA), glucose oxidase (GOx), and nanoceria-stabilized extracted chloroplasts that is able to grow, strengthen, and self-repair using carbon fixation is demonstrated. Glucose produced from the embedded chloroplasts is converted to gluconolactone (GL) via GOx, polymerizing with APMA to form a continuously expanding and strengthening polymethacrylamide. The extracted spinach chloroplasts exhibit enhanced stability and produce 12 µg GL mg-1 Chl h-1 after optimization of the temporal illumination conditions and the glucose efflux rate, with the insertion of chemoprotective nanoceria inside the chloroplasts. This system achieves an average growth rate of 60 µm3 h-1 per chloroplast under ambient CO2 and illumination over 18 h, thickening with a shear modulus of 3 kPa. This material can demonstrate self-repair using the exported glucose from chloroplasts and chemical crosslinking through the fissures. These results point to a new class of materials capable of using atmospheric CO2 fixation as a regeneration source, finding utility as self-healing coatings, construction materials, and fabrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Yeong Kwak
- Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Giraldo
- Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | | | - Min Hao Wong
- Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Pingwei Liu
- Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yun Jung Yang
- Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Volodymyr B Koman
- Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Melissa K McGee
- Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Bradley D Olsen
- Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Michael S Strano
- Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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Bales CW, Moreno KL, Guyton JR, Yunker PA, McGee MK, Currie KL, Brown S, Kuchibhatla M, Drezner MK. Comparison of proximate composition and fatty acid and cholesterol content of lean and typical commercial pork. J Am Diet Assoc 1998; 98:1328-30. [PMID: 9813591 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8223(98)00297-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C W Bales
- Department of Medicine, Sarah W. Stedman Center for Nutritional Studies, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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McGee MK, Oestenstad RK. The effect of the growth of facial hair on protection factors for one model of closed-circuit, pressure-demand, self-contained breathing apparatus. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1983; 44:480-4. [PMID: 6613853 DOI: 10.1080/15298668391405175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Protection factors for one model of closed-circuit, pressure-demand, self-contained breathing apparatus were determined for eight volunteers while clean-shaven and at approximately two-week intervals during an eight-week, beard-growth period. Measurement of facepiece leakage was patterned after the DOP quantitative fit test method outlined in ANSI Z88.2-1980. Comparison of results indicated that beard growth had a profound adverse effect on the amount of protection provided.
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